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Chapter - Heredity

The document contains competency-based questions for Class X Biology focusing on the chapter of Heredity. It includes multiple-choice questions, assertion and reasoning questions, case study-based questions, and additional questions related to genetic crosses and inheritance patterns. The content aims to assess students' understanding of genetic concepts and Mendelian principles.

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Amisha Goswami
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12 views4 pages

Chapter - Heredity

The document contains competency-based questions for Class X Biology focusing on the chapter of Heredity. It includes multiple-choice questions, assertion and reasoning questions, case study-based questions, and additional questions related to genetic crosses and inheritance patterns. The content aims to assess students' understanding of genetic concepts and Mendelian principles.

Uploaded by

Amisha Goswami
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMPETENCY BASED QUESTIONS, 2024-25

CLASS- X, BIOLOGY

CHAPTER: HEREDITY
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. The characteristics visible to an organism is called its

A) Genotype B) Phenotype

C) Chromosomes D) Genes

2. A trait of an organism which is caused by DNA in germ cells is called

A) Recessive trait B) Dominant trait

C) Aquired trait D) Inherited trait

3. Who among the following coined the term genetics?

A) Wilhelm Johansen B) Gregor Johann Mendel

C) William Bateson D) Robert Koch

4. Ruby crossed a tall pea plant with white flowers and dwarf plants with violet flowers. She
performed

A) Test cross B) Monohybrid cross

C) Dihybrid cross D) Natural selection

5. Mendel selected garden pea plant as his experimental tool because:

i. Pea plant possess a number of well defined contrasting characters.

ii. Pea plant contain unisexual flowers.

iii. Pea plant contain bisexual flowers.

iv. These are annual plants.

A) i and iv only B) i and ii only

C) i and iii only D) i, iii and iv only


ASSERTION AND REASONING QUESTIONS

Directions: In the following questions, A statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a


statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as.

(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.

(C) A is true but R is false.

(D) A is false and R is true

1. Assertion: A geneticist crossed a pea plant having violet flowers with a pea plant having white
flowers; he got all violet flowers in first generation.

Reason: White colour gene is not passed on to next generation.

2. Assertion (A): Mendel chooses a number of varieties of garden pea as plant material for his
experiments.

Reason (R): Garden pea has well defined characters and is bisexual.

3. Assertion (A): In humans, males play an important role in determining the sex of the child.

Reason (R): Males have two X chromosomes.

CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS

I. Read the passage and answer the following questions.

In a cross between plants with purple flowers and plants with white flowers, the offspring of F1
generation all had white flowers. When the F1 generation was self-crossed, it was observed in
the F2 generation that out of 100, 75 flowers were white. Make a cross and answer the following
questions:

1. The above cross is known as:

(A) Monohybrid cross (B) Dihybrid cross

(C) Test cross (D) Back cross

2. In a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous individuals, percentage of pure homozygous


individuals obtained in F1 generation is:

(A) 25% (B) 50% (C) 75% (D) 100%

3. Which of these is not the genotype of F2 progeny?

(A) WW (B) Ww (C) ww (D) Wp

4. The ratio of ‘White: Purple’ flowers in the F2 generation is:


(A) 3 : 1 (B) 1 : 2 (C) 1 : 3 (D) 2 : 1

II. Study the given cross showing self pollination in F1 and answer the following questions

RRYY × rryy Parents

(Round Yellow) (Wrinkled Green)

RrYy × ________ F1 generation

(Round Yellow)

1. The missing blank in the above cross is:

(A) RrYy (B) RRYY (C) RryY (D) rryy

2. The ratio of the combination of characters in the F2 progeny is:

(A) 3 : 1 (B) 1 : 2 : 1 (C) 1 : 1 : 1 (D) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1

3. A Mendelian experiment consists of breeding tall pea plants bearing violet flowers with short
pea plants bearing white flowers. The progeny all bore violet flowers, but almost half of them
were short. This suggests that the genetic make-up of the tall parent cod depicted as

(A) TTWW (B) TTww (C) TtWW (D) TtWw

ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:

A) Two pea plants - one with round yellow seeds (RRYY) and another with wrinkled green
(rryy) seeds produce F1 progeny that have round, yellow (RrYy) seeds. When F1 plants are self-
pollinated, which new combination of characters is expected in F2 progeny? How many seeds
with these new combinations of characters will be produced when a total 160 seeds are produced
in F2 generation? Explain with reason. (3)

B) Mustard was growing in two fields- A and B. While Field A produced brown coloured seeds,
field B produced yellow coloured seeds. It was observed that in field A, the offsprings showed
only the parental trait for consecutive generations, whereas in field B, majority of the offsprings
showed a variation in the progeny. What are the probable reasons for these? (2)

C) In an asexually reproducing species, if a trait X exists in 5% of a population and trait Y exists


in 70% of the same population, which of the two trait is likely to have arisen earlier? Give
reason. (2)

D) Sahil performed an experiment to study the inheritance pattern of genes. He crossed tall pea
plants (TT) with short pea plants (tt) and obtained all tall plants in F1 generation. (4)

a. What will be set of genes present in the F1 generation? (1 Mark)

b. Give reason why only tall plants are observed in F1 progeny. (1 Mark)

c. When F1 plants were self - pollinated, a total of 800 plants were produced. How many of these
would be tall, medium height or short plants? Give the genotype of F 2 generation.
OR

When F1 plants were cross - pollinated with plants having tt genes, a total of 800 plants were
produced. How many of these would be tall, medium height or short plants? Give the genotype
of F 2 generation.

E) In humans, there is a 50% probability of the birth of a boy and 50 % probability that a girl will
be born. Justify the statement on the basis of the mechanism of sex-determination in human
beings. (3)

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