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SQL Cheat Sheet

This SQL Cheat Sheet provides essential commands for Data Definition Language (DDL) and Data Manipulation Language (DML), including creating, altering, and dropping databases and tables, as well as inserting, updating, and deleting data. It also covers retrieving data with SELECT queries, sorting, filtering, using aggregate functions, and grouping data. Additional sections on joins, constraints, transactions, views, indexes, and best practices are mentioned.

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Chirag Patil
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3 views2 pages

SQL Cheat Sheet

This SQL Cheat Sheet provides essential commands for Data Definition Language (DDL) and Data Manipulation Language (DML), including creating, altering, and dropping databases and tables, as well as inserting, updating, and deleting data. It also covers retrieving data with SELECT queries, sorting, filtering, using aggregate functions, and grouping data. Additional sections on joins, constraints, transactions, views, indexes, and best practices are mentioned.

Uploaded by

Chirag Patil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SQL Cheat Sheet

1. Data Definition Language (DDL)


----------------------------------
Creating a Database:
CREATE DATABASE database_name;
USE database_name;

Creating a Table:
CREATE TABLE table_name (
column_name data_type constraints,
column_name data_type constraints,
PRIMARY KEY (column_name)
);

Altering a Table:
ALTER TABLE table_name ADD column_name data_type;
ALTER TABLE table_name DROP COLUMN column_name;
ALTER TABLE table_name MODIFY column_name new_data_type;
ALTER TABLE table_name RENAME COLUMN old_name TO new_name;
ALTER TABLE table_name ADD CONSTRAINT constraint_name constraint_definition;

Dropping a Table:
DROP TABLE table_name;

2. Data Manipulation Language (DML)


------------------------------------
Inserting Data:
INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, ...) VALUES (value1, value2, ...);

Updating Data:
UPDATE table_name SET column1 = value1 WHERE condition;

Deleting Data:
DELETE FROM table_name WHERE condition;

3. Retrieving Data (SELECT Queries)


------------------------------------
Basic SELECT Statement:
SELECT column1, column2 FROM table_name WHERE condition;

Sorting Data:
SELECT * FROM table_name ORDER BY column_name ASC/DESC;

Filtering Data:
SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE column_name = value;
SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE column_name > value;
SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE column_name BETWEEN value1 AND value2;
SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE column_name IN (value1, value2, value3);
SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE column_name LIKE 'pattern%';

Aggregate Functions:
SELECT COUNT(column_name) FROM table_name;
SELECT AVG(column_name) FROM table_name;
SELECT MIN(column_name), MAX(column_name) FROM table_name;
SELECT SUM(column_name) FROM table_name;

Grouping Data:
SELECT column_name, COUNT(*) FROM table_name GROUP BY column_name;
SELECT column_name, SUM(column_name) FROM table_name GROUP BY column_name HAVING condition;

More sections on Joins, Constraints, Transactions, Views, Indexes, and Best Practices included.

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