Class 12 Physics

Time : 3 hrs Max. Marks : 70

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Instructions
1. There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
2. This question paper has five sections : Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and Section E.
3. All the sections are compulsory.
4. Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four Assertion Reasoning based of 1 mark each, Section B contains five
questions of two marks each, Section C contains seven questions of three marks each, Section D contains two case study based
questions of four marks each and Section E contains three long answer questions of five marks each.
5. There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one question in Section B, one question in Section
C, one question in each CBQ in Section D and all three questions in Section E. You have to attempt only one of the choices in
such questions.
6. Use of calculators is not allowed. You may use the following values of physical constants where ever necessary.
(i) c = 3 × 108 m/s (ii) me = 9.1 × 10–31 kg (iii) e = 1.6 × 10–19 C
(iv) µ0 = 4π × 10–7 TmA× 10–1 (v) h = 6.63 × 10–34 Js (vi) ε0 = 8.854 × 10–12 C2N–1m–2
(vii) Avogadro’s number = 6.023 × 10 per gram mole
23

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Section A
Q1. An AC voltage is applied to a resistance R and an inductor L in series. If R and the inductive reactance
are both equal to 3 Q, the phase difference (in rad) between the applied voltage & the current in the circuit is
(a) π4 (b) π2 (c) zero d) π6
Q 2. A ray of light is incident at the glass-water interface at an angle (as
shown below) and it emerges finally parallel to the surface of water, then
the value of ng would be
(a) (4/3) sin i (b) 1/sin i
(c) 4/3 (d) 1
Q3. If emf induced in a coil is 2 V by changing the current in it from 8 A to 6 A in 2 × 10–3 s, then the
coefficient of self-induction is
(a) 2 × 10–3 H (b) 10–3 H (c) 05 × 10–3 H (d) 4 × 10–3 H
Q4. The electrical resistance of depletion layer is large because
(a) it has no charge carriers (b) it has a large number of charge carriers
(c) it contains electrons as charge carriers (d) it has holes as charge carriers
Q5. A long magnet of pole strength qm is cut into two parts such that the ratio of their lengths is 1 : 3. The
ratio of pole strength of these pieces is
(a) 1 : 3 (b) 3 : 1 (c) 1 : 6 (d) 1 : 1
Q6. A given beam of α-particles has a distribution of impact parameter b, so
that the beam is scattered in various direction
as shown below, Then,
(a) b = minimum at θ ≅ 0 (b) b = maximum at θ ≅ π
(c) b = minimum at θ ≅ π (d) b = maximum at θ at all values of 0
Q7. The nuclear radius of a certain nucleus is 7.2 fm and it has charge of
1.28 × 10–17 C. The number of neutrons inside the nucleus is
(a) 136 (b) 142 (c) 140 (d) 132
Q8. The figure shows a plot of photocurrent versus anode potential for a photosensitive surface for three [1]
different radiations. Which one of the following is a correct statement?
(a) Curves a & b represent incident radiations of different frequencies &
different intensities.
(b) Curves a & b represent incident radiations of same frequency but of
different intensities.
(c) Curves b & c represent incident radiations of different frequencies &
different intensities.
(d) Curves b & c represent incident radiations of same frequency having same intensity.

1
Q 9. The speed of electromagnetic wave in vacuum depends upon the source of radiation and
(a) increases as we move from γ-rays to radio waves
(b) decreases as we move from γ-rays to radio waves
(c) is same for all of them (d) None of the above
Q 10. A charged particle moves in a uniform magnetic field. The velocity of the particle at some instant
makes an acute angle with the magnetic field. The path of the particle will be
(a) a straight line (b) a circle
(c) a helix with uniform pitch (d) a helix with non-uniform pitch
Q 11. An electron is moving along positive X-axis. To get it moving on an anti-clockwise circular path in
XY-plane, a magnetic field is applied
(a) along positive F-axis (b) along positive Z-axis
(c) along negative F-axis (d) along negative Z-axis
Q 12. The particle nature of light is not confirmed by
(a) photoelectric effect (b) scattering of X-ray by electrons
(c) diffraction of electrons (d) Compton effect
For questions 13 - 16 two statements are given-one labelled Assertion (A) &other labelled Reason (R).
Select the correct answer to these questions from the options as given below.
(a) If both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) If both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) If A is true but R is false.
(d) If both A and R are false.
Q13. Assertion: Electric field lines of force never cross each other.
Reason: Electric field at a point super impose to give one resultant electric field.
Q14. Assertion: The coulomb force is the dominating force in the universe.
Reason: The coulomb force is weaker than the gravitational force.
Q 15. Assertion: Current is a scalar quantity.
Reason: Electric current arises due to continuous flow of charged particles or ions.
Q 16. Assertion: At resonance, L-C-R series circuit have a zero current.
Reason: At resonance, in L-C-R series circuit, current & emf are 180° out of phase with each other.
Section B
Q17. A wire of resistance 6R is bent in the form of a circle. What is the effective resistance between the
ends of the diameter? [2]
Q 18. The focal length of objective and eye lens of a microscope are 4 cm and 8 cm respectively. If the least
distance of distinct vision is 24 cm and object distance is 4.5 cm from objective lens, then what is the
magnifying power of the microscope? [2]
Q19. Two identical photocathodes receive light of frequencies f1 and f2. If the velocities of the
photoelectrons coming out are respectively v1 and v2, what is the difference between square of their
velocity? [2]
Q20. Explain with the help of a circuit diagram, working of a p-n junction diode as half-wave rectifier. [2]
Q21. A lens is made of two different materials. A point object is placed on the principal axis of this lens.
How many images will be obtained? [2]
OR
Show analytically from the lens equation that when the object is at the principal focus, the image is formed
at infinity. [2]
Section C
Q22. Two identical parallel plate (air) capacitors C1 and C2 have capacitance C
each. The space between their plates is now filled with dielectrics as shown in
the figure. If the two capacitors still have equal capacitance, then obtain the
relation between dielectric constants K, K1 and K2. [3]

Q 23. (i) Deduce the relation between current I flowing through a [2]
conductor and drift velocity vd of the electrons.
(ii) Figure shows, a plot of current I flowing through the cross-section
2
of a wire versus the time t. Use the plot to find the charge flowing in t 2 second through the wire. [1]
Q24. Use Biot-Savart’s law to derive the Expression for the magnetic field on the axis of a current carrying
circular loop of radius a. Draw the magnetic field lines due to a circular wire carrying current (I). [3]
Q25. (i) Can the instantaneous power output of an AC source ever be negative? Can the average power
output be negative? [2]
(ii) Establish an expression for the average voltage of AC voltage V = V0 sin ωt over the time
interval t =0 and t = π/ω. [1]
Q26. (i) Name the electromagnetic waves used in LASIK eye surgery and why? [1]
(ii) Name the electromagnetic radiations used for (a) water purification and (b) eye surgery. [1]
(iii) Why does microwave oven heats up a food item containing water molecules most efficiently? [1]
Q27. Using the relevant Bohr’s postulates, derive the expression for the
(i) radius of the nth orbit of the electron in H-atom. [1]
(ii) velocity of the electron in the nth orbit [2]
1 1 2
Q28. (i) Calculate the energy in fusion reaction: 2𝐻 + 2𝐻 → 3𝐻 + n,
where BE of 12𝐻 = 2.23 MeV and of 23𝐻 = 7.73 MeV [1]
60 197
(ii) Determine the nuclear radii of (a) 27𝐶𝑜 (b) 79𝐴𝑢 . [2]
OR
(i) Write three characteristic properties of nuclear force. [1]
(ii) Draw a plot of potential energy of a pair of nucleons as a function of their separation. Write two
important conclusions that can be drawn from the graph. [2]
Section D
[Case Study Based Questions]
Q29. Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow.
When the diode is forward biased, it is found that beyond forward voltage, the conductivity is larger. At this
instant, battery biasing for p-n junction, the potential barrier is overcome and the current increase rapidly
with increase forward voltage. When reverse biased, voltage produces a very small current which almost
remains constant with bias.
(i) In the circuit, if the forward voltage drop for the diode is 0.5 V, [1]
the current will be
(a) 8.3 mA (b) 3.4 mA
(c) 2.5 mA (d) 3 mA
(ii) In a full wave rectifier, input AC current has a frequency v. Then, find the output frequency. [1]
v
(a) (b) v
2
(c) 2v (d) None of these
(iii) Which one is in forward bias? [1]

(iv) The forward biased diode [1]

OR
What is the current in the circuit shown below [1]
–2
(a) 0 A (b) 10 A
(c) 1 A (d) 0.10 A
Q30. Read, the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow
Interference of Light
Two sources are said to be coherent if they produce have of same frequency with a constant phase
difference. Two independent sources of light cannot be coherent. Since, sound is a bulk property of matter,
therefore two independent sources of sound can be identical in all respects and produce coherent wave.

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Division of wavefront and division of amplitude are two ways of coherent sources, where, intensity of two
wave y1 = a1 cos(ωt + θ1) & y2 = a2 cos(ωt + θ2)
(i) The similarity between the sound waves and light waves is [1]
(a) both are electromagnetic waves (b) both are longitudinal waves
(c) both have the same speed in a medium (d) they can produce interference
(ii) Light travel through a glass plate of thickness t and refractive index μ. If c is the velocity of light in
vacuum, then time taken by light to travel the thickness of the plate will be [1]
𝜇𝑡 𝑡 c tc
(a) (b) (c) (d)
𝑐 𝜇c 𝜇t 𝜇
(iii) Intensities of the waves of light are I and 4I the maximum intensity of the resultant wave after
superposition is [1]
(a) 5I (b) 9I (c) 16I (d) 25I
OR
Two waves of intensity I undergo interference. The maximum intensity obtained is [1]
I
(a) (b) I (c) 2I (d) 4I
2
(iv) The ratio of intensities of two waves are given by 4 : 1. The ratio of amplitude of the two waves is [1]
(a) 2 : 1 (b) 1 : 2 (c) 4 : 1 (d) 1 : 4
Section E
Q31. (i) A step-up transformer is shown [1]
(a) Explain its working principle.
(b) Deduce the expression for the secondary to primary voltage
in terms of the number of turns in the two coils. [1]
(c) In an ideal transformer, how is this ratio related to the currents
in the two coils? [1]
(ii) How is a transformer used in transmission & distribution of electrical energy over long distances?
OR
(i) Define power for alternating current. Derive an expression for the average power of a series L-C-R circuit
connected to an AC source. [2]
(ii) A sinusoidal voltage of peak value 283 V and frequency 50 Hz is applied to a series L-C-R circuit in
which R = 3 Ω, L = 25.48 mH and C = 796 μF.
(a) What is the frequency of the source at which resonance occurs?
(b) Calculate the impedance, the current and power dissipated of resonant condition.
Q32. Two tiny spheres carrying charges 1.5 μC and 2.5 μC are located 30 cm apart. Find the potential and
electric field
(i) at mid-point of the line joining the two charges. [2]
(ii) at a point 10 cm from this mid-point in a plane normal to the line and passing through the mid-point.
Hence, calculate the angle (α) subtended by the resultant intensity of electric field in case (ii). [3]
OR
Four charges are arranged at the comers of a square ABCD of side d
as shown in the figure.
(i) Find the work required to put together this arrangement. [2]
(ii) A charge 𝑞0 is brought to the centre E of the square, the four charges
being held fixed at its comers. How much extra work is needed to do this? [1]
(iii) Compute the work done by the charges in rearranging this arrangement
to another similar square arrangement of the charges such that the side of
the square now becomes 2d. [2]
Q33. State and derive mirror formula for a concave mirror. State the sign convention used. [5]
OR
Use the mirror equation to deduce that, [5]
(i) an object placed between f and 2f of a concave mirror produces a real image beyond 2f.
(ii) a convex mirror always produces a virtual image independent of the location of the object.
(iii) the virtual image produced by a convex mirror is always diminished in size and is located between the
focus and the pole.
(iv) an object placed between the pole & focus of a concave mirror produces a virtual & enlarged image.