Question Bank with Solutions Application of Integration

APPLICATION OF INTEGRATION
Five Marks Questions 3) Find the area of the region bounded by the
1) Determine the area of the region bounded by curve 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐 and the line 𝒚 = 𝟐.
𝐲 𝟐 = 𝐱 and the lines 𝐱 = 𝟏 and 𝐱 = 𝟒 and the Solution:
x axis in the first quadrant.
Solution:

Given: 𝑥 2 = 𝑦 ⟹ 𝑥 = √𝑦
𝑏
Now Area of the region 𝐴 = 2 ∫𝑎 𝑥 𝑑𝑦
3 2
2 2
Given: 𝑦 2 = 𝑥 ⟹ 𝑦 = √𝑥 ⟹ 𝐴 = 2 ∫0 √𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 2 [(𝑦)2 ]
3 0
𝑏
Now Area of the region 𝐴 = ∫𝑎 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 4 3 3
4 4
⟹𝐴= 3
[(2) − (0) ] =
2 2
3
[√8] = 3 2√2
3 4
4 2
⟹𝐴= ∫1 √𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = [(𝑥) ]
2 8√2
3 1 ⟹𝐴= 𝑠𝑞 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
3
3 3 3
2 2
⟹ 𝐴 = [(4)2 − (1)2 ] = [(22 )2 − 1]
3 3
2 2 14 4) Find the area of the region bounded by the
⟹ 𝐴 = 3 [8 − 1] = 3 [7] = 3 𝑠𝑞 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
curve 𝐲 𝟐 = 𝟒𝐱 and the line 𝐱 = 𝟑.
Solution:
2) Determine the area of the region bounded by
𝐲 𝟐 = 𝐱 and the lines 𝐱 = 𝟒 and 𝐱 = 𝟗 and the
x axis in the first quadrant.
Solution:

Given: 𝑦 2 = 4𝑥 ⟹ 𝑦 = √4𝑥 = 2√𝑥

𝑏
Now Area of the region 𝐴 = 2 ∫𝑎 𝑦 𝑑𝑥
3 3
⟹ 𝐴 = 2 ∫0 2√𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 4 ∫0 √𝑥 𝑑𝑥
3 3
2
⟹ 𝐴 = 4 3 [(𝑥)2 ]
0
Given: 𝑦 2 = 𝑥 ⟹ 𝑦 = √𝑥 8 3 3
8 1
⟹ 𝐴 = 3 [(3)2 − (0)2 ] = 3 [(27)2 − 0]
𝑏
Now Area of the region 𝐴 = ∫𝑎 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 8 8
⟹ 𝐴 = [√27] = [3√3] = 8√3 𝑠𝑞 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
3 9 3 3
9 2
⟹ 𝐴 = ∫4 √𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = [(𝑥)2 ]
3 4
3 3 3 3
2 2
⟹ 𝐴 = 3 [(9)2 − (4)2 ] = 3 [(32 )2 − (22 )2 ]
2 2 38
⟹ 𝐴 = 3 [27 − 8] = 3 [19] = 3 𝑠𝑞 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠

Mr. Sharath Patil G H, Lecturer, Dept of Mathematics, DAVANGERE Page 1

Question Bank with Solutions Application of Integration

5) Find the area bounded by the curve 𝒚 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝒙 Now, 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 𝑎2 ⟹ 𝑦 2 = 𝑎2 −𝑥 2

between 𝒙 = 𝟎 and 𝒙 = 𝟐𝝅 ⟹ 𝑦 = √𝑎2 − 𝑥 2
Solution: 𝑎
∴ Area (𝐴) = 4 ∫0 √𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑎
𝑥 𝑎2 −1 𝑥
= 4 [2 √𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 + 2
sin ]
𝑎 0
𝑎 𝑎2 𝑎
= 4[ √𝑎2 − 𝑎2 + sin−1
2 2 𝑎
0 𝑎2
− √𝑎2 −0− sin−1 (0)]
2 2
𝑎 𝑎2 𝜋 𝑎2
= 4 [2 (0) + .
2 2
−0− 2
(0)]
𝜋𝑎 2
= 4[ 4
] = 𝜋𝑎2 sq units.
𝜋⁄
Now, Area of region (𝐴) = 4 ∫0 2 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 Given, Equation of circle is 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 2
𝜋⁄
= 4 ∫0 2 cos 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ⟹ 𝑎2 = 2
𝜋⁄ 𝜋 ⟹ area of circle is 𝐴 = 𝜋𝑎2 = 𝜋2 = 2𝜋 sq units
= 4[sin 𝑥]0 2 = 4 [sin 2 − sin 0] = 4[1 − 0]
= 4 sq units. 8) Find the area enclosed by the circle
𝐱 𝟐 + 𝐲 𝟐 = 𝟒 , the lines 𝒙 = 𝟎 & 𝒙 = 𝟐 which is
6) Find the area bounded by the curve 𝒚 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒙 lying in the first quadrant.
between 𝒙 = 𝟎 and 𝒙 = 𝟐𝝅 Solution:
Solution: Given: Equation of circle is 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 4 = 22
⇒ radius of circle 𝑟 = 2 and centre is (0, 0)

𝜋⁄
Now, Area of region (𝐴) = 4 ∫0 2𝑦 𝑑𝑥
𝜋⁄
= 4 ∫0 2 sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑏
𝜋⁄ 𝜋 Now, Area of region (𝐴) = ∫𝑎 𝑦 𝑑𝑥
= 4[−cos 𝑥]0 2 = −4 [cos − cos 0]
2
where 𝑎 = 0 , 𝑏 = 2
= −4[0 − 1] = −4(−1) = 4 sq units.
Now, 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 4 ⇒ 𝑦 2 = 4 − 𝑥 2
⇒ 𝑦 = √22 − 𝑥 2
7) Find the area of the circle 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝒂𝟐 𝒃𝒚 the 2
method of integration and hence find the area ∴ Area (𝐴) = ∫0 √22 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
2
of the circle 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟐. 𝑥 22 −1 𝑥
= [2 √22 − 𝑥 2 + 2
sin ]
2 0
Solution: 2 4 2 0 4
= 2 √22 − 22 + 2 sin−1 (2) − 2 √22 − 0 − 2 sin−1(0)
𝜋
= 1(0) + 2 ( 2 ) − 0 − 2(0) = 𝜋 sq units.

𝑎
Now, Area of circle (𝐴) = 4 ∫0 𝑦 𝑑𝑥

Mr. Sharath Patil G H, Lecturer, Dept of Mathematics, DAVANGERE Page 2

Question Bank with Solutions Application of Integration

𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟐 𝑎
9) Find the area of the ellipse 𝒂𝟐 + 𝒃𝟐 = 𝟏 𝒃𝒚 the Now, Area of ellipse (𝐴) = 4 ∫0 𝑦 𝑑𝑥
𝑥2 𝑦2
method of integration and hence find the area From (1): 4
+ 9
=1
𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟐 𝑦2 𝑥2 4−𝑥 2
of the ellipse + = 𝟏. ⟹ =1− =
𝟏𝟔 𝟗 9 4 4
Solution: 𝑦 9 (4−𝑥 2 ) 9
⟹ 𝑦 2= 4
⟹ 𝑦 = √4 (4 − 𝑥 2 )
𝑏 3
⟹ 𝑦 = 2 √22 − 𝑥 2
𝑥 23
0 𝑎 ∴ Area (𝐴) = 4 ∫0 2 √22 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
2
3 𝑥 22 −1 𝑥
= 4. 2 [2 √22 − 𝑥 2 + 2
sin ]
2 0
2 4 2 0 4
= 6 [ √22 − 22 + sin−1 − √22 − 0 − sin−1 (0)]
𝑥2 𝑦2 2 2 2 2 2
Given: Equation of ellipse is 𝑎2
+ 𝑏2
=1 𝜋
= 6 [1(0) + 2 ( 2 ) − 0 − 2(0)]
⇒ 𝑥 intercept is ′𝑎′ and 𝑦 intercept is ′𝑏′.
𝑎 = 6[0 + 𝜋 − 0] = 6𝜋 sq units.
Now, Area of ellipse (𝐴) = 4 ∫0 𝑦 𝑑𝑥
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑦2 𝑥2 𝑎 2 −𝑥 2
Now, 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 = 1 ⇒ = 1 − 𝑎2 = 𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟐
𝑏2 𝑎2 11) Find the area of the ellipse 𝟏𝟔 + 𝟗
= 𝟏 𝒃𝒚 the
𝑏2 (𝑎2 −𝑥 2 ) 𝑏2 (𝑎2 −𝑥 2 )
⇒ 𝑦 2= ⇒𝑦=√ method of integration
𝑎2 𝑎2
Solution: 𝑦
𝑏
⇒ 𝑦 = √𝑎2 − 𝑥 2
𝑎
𝑎𝑏 𝑏= 3
∴ Area (𝐴) = 4 ∫0 √𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑎
2 𝑎
4𝑏 𝑥 𝑎 𝑥
= [ √𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 + 2 sin−1 𝑎] 0 𝑎 = 4𝑥
𝑎 2 0
4𝑏 𝑎 𝑎2 𝑎
= [ √𝑎2 − 𝑎2 + sin−1
𝑎 2 2 𝑎
0 𝑎2
− √𝑎2 −0− sin−1 (0)]
2 2
𝑥2 𝑦2
4𝑏 𝑎 𝑎2 𝜋 𝑎2 Given: Equation of ellipse is 16 + =1
= 𝑎 [2 (0) + 2 . 2 − 0 − 2 (0)] 9

4𝑏 𝜋𝑎 2 4𝑏 𝜋𝑎 2 ⟹ 𝑎2 = 16 & 𝑏 2 = 9
= 𝑎 [0 + 4 − 0] = 𝑎 . 4 = 𝜋𝑎𝑏 sq units. ⟹𝑎 =4&𝑏 =3
𝑥2 𝑦2 ⇒ 𝑥 intercept is ′𝑎 = 4′ & 𝑦 intercept is ′𝑏 = 3′.
Given, Equation of ellipse is 16 + 9 = 1
𝑎
2
⟹ 𝑎 = 16 & 𝑏 = 9 2 Now, Area of ellipse (𝐴) = 4 ∫0 𝑦 𝑑𝑥
⟹𝑎 =4&𝑏 =3 𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑦2 𝑥2 16−𝑥 2
Now, 16 + 9
=1 ⇒ 9
= 1 − 16 = 16
⟹ area of ellipse is 𝐴 = 𝜋𝑎𝑏 = 𝜋(4)(3)
9(16 −𝑥 2 ) 9(16 −𝑥 2 )
⟹ area of ellipse is 𝐴 = 12𝜋 sq units ⇒ 𝑦 2= 16
⇒𝑦=√ 16
3 3
⇒ 𝑦 = 4 √16 − 𝑥 2 = 4 √42 − 𝑥 2
𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟐
10) Find the area of the ellipse + = 𝟏 𝒃𝒚 the 43
𝟒 𝟗 ∴ Area (𝐴) = 4 ∫0 4 √42 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
method of integration 4
3 𝑥 42 −1 𝑥
Solution: = 4 (4) [2 √42 − 𝑥 2 + 2
sin ]
4 0
Given: Equation of ellipse 4 16 4
= 3[ √42 − 42 + sin−1
2 2 4
𝑥2 𝑦2 0 16
is 4
+ 9
=1 − √42 − 0 − sin−1 (0)]
2 2
2 𝑥 4 𝜋
⟹ 𝑎2 = 4 = 3 [2 (0) + 8. 2 − 0 − 8(0)]
& 𝑏2 = 9 = 3[0 + 4𝜋 − 0] = 12𝜋 sq units.
⟹𝑎=2
& 𝑏=3

Mr. Sharath Patil G H, Lecturer, Dept of Mathematics, DAVANGERE Page 3

Question Bank with Solutions Application of Integration

12) Find the area bounded by the curve 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟑 , the 2 4

= [ − ] − [ − 2] = [
3 2−4 3−4
]−[ 2 ]
3 3 2 3
x-axis and the ordinates 𝒙 = −𝟐 and 𝒙 = 𝟏 2 1 −4+3 1
=− + = = −
Solution: 3 2 6 6
Since area is always positive
1
⟹ 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 6 𝑆𝑞 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
1
Now, Area of triangle 𝐶𝑃𝑄 = ∫−2/3 𝑦 𝑑𝑥
1
1 3𝑥 2
∫−2(3𝑥 + 2) 𝑑𝑥 = [ 2
+ 2𝑥] 2
3 −
3
3 3 2 2 2
= [2 (1)2 + 2(1)] − [2 (− 3) + 2 (− 3)]
3 3 4 4
= [2 + 2] − [2 (9) − 3]
1 3+4 2 4 7 2−4
Now, Area of region (𝐴1 ) = ∫0 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 =[ 2
] − [ 3 − 3] = [ 2] − [ 3 ]
1 7 2 21+4 25
1 𝑥4 1 = + 3 = 6 = 6 𝑠𝑞 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
⟹ 𝐴1 = ∫0 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 = [ 4 ] = 4 [14 − 04 ] 2
0
1
Now
= sq units
4 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓
0 Required area = +
Now, Area of region (𝐴2 ) = ∫−2 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 𝐴𝐵𝐶 𝑇𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 𝐶𝑃𝑄
1 25 1+25 26
0 𝑥4
0
1 4 ⟹ Required area = + = =
6 6 6 6
⟹ 𝐴2 = ∫−2 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 = [4] =
4
[0 − (−2)4 ] 13
−2 ⟹ Required area = 𝑠𝑞 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
1 3
⟹ 𝐴2 = (−16) = −4
4
Since area is always positive ⟹ 𝐴2 = 4sq units
1
Now Required area (𝐴) = 𝐴1 + 𝐴2 = + 4
4
17
⟹𝐴= sq units
4

13) Find the area bounded by the line 𝒚 = 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟐,

𝒙 − 𝒂𝒙𝒊𝒔 and ordinates 𝒙 = −𝟏 and 𝒙 = 𝟏
Solution:

−2/3
Now, Area of triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶 = ∫−1 𝑦 𝑑𝑥
2
2 −3
− 3𝑥 2
∫−13(3𝑥 + 2) 𝑑𝑥 = [ 2 + 2𝑥]
−1
3 2 2 2 3
= [2 (− 3) + 2 (− 3)] − [2 (−1)2 + 2(−1)]
3 4 4 3
= [2 (9) − 3] − [2 (1) − 2]

Mr. Sharath Patil G H, Lecturer, Dept of Mathematics, DAVANGERE Page 4