North South University

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

CSE 215L: Programming Language II Lab

Lab – 17: Exception Handling

Book

- title: String
- author: String
- price: double
- isBorrowed: boolean

/* constructor */
/* getter-setter */
/* toString */

Library

- books: Book[]
- count: int

+ Library(capacity: int)
+ addBook(book: Book): void
+ borrowBook(title: String): void
+ returnBook(title: String): void
+ showAvailableBooks(): void

Now create BookNotFoundException and BookAlreadyBorrowedException

classes that extend the Exception class.

Methods and Class description:

In the Book class constructor, check if the price is negative. If it is, throw an
IllegalArgumentException with a message like "Price cannot be negative". This
ensures that all Book objects are created with valid, non-negative prices.

addBook(book: Book): void

Attempts to add a new Book object to the library's collection. If the library has available
space, the book is added, and a confirmation message is printed. If the library is full and
an attempt is made to add a book beyond its capacity, an
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException is caught, and a message is printed
indicating that no more books can be added.

borrowBook(title: String): void

Attempts to borrow a book by its title. If the book is found and is not already borrowed, it marks
the book as borrowed and prints a success message. If the book is not found, a
BookNotFoundException is thrown. If the book is already borrowed, a
BookAlreadyBorrowedException is thrown.

returnBook(title: String): void

Attempts to return a borrowed book by its title. If the book is found and is
currently borrowed, it marks the book as available and prints a success message. If
the book is not found, a BookNotFoundException is thrown. If the book was
not borrowed, a message is printed indicating the book cannot be returned.

showAvailableBooks(): void

Prints a list of all books in the library that are not currently borrowed. If no books
are available, a message is printed indicating that no books are available.

Example Scenario for Testing:

In your test class, create a Library object with a capacity of 3 and test the
following scenario: (Use Finally to print a message that operation is completed).

1. Create a Book object titled "The Great Gatsby" by "F. Scott Fitzgerald" with a
price of $20.
2. Create a Book object titled "To Kill a Mockingbird" by "Harper Lee" with a price
of $25.
3. Create a Book object titled "1984" by "George Orwell" with a price of $18.
4. Create a Book object titled "Moby Dick" by "Herman Melville" with a price of
-15. This should trigger an exception (IllegalArgumentException)
indicating that the price cannot be negative.
5. Add the first three valid Book objects to the library.
6. Attempt to add a fourth valid book titled "Pride and Prejudice" by "Jane Austen"
with a price of $22. This should trigger an
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException as the library is full.
7. Borrow the book "1984".
8. Attempt to borrow the book "1984" again. This should trigger a
BookAlreadyBorrowedException.
9. Attempt to borrow a book titled "The Catcher in the Rye," which is not in the
library. This should trigger a BookNotFoundException.
10. Return the book "1984".
11. Attempt to return the book "The Catcher in the Rye." This should trigger a
BookNotFoundException.
12. Display all available books in the library.
public class Book {
private String title;
private String author;
private double price;
private boolean isBorrowed;

public Book(String title, String author, double price) {

if (price < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Price cannot be negative");
}
this.title = title;
this.author = author;
this.price = price;
this.isBorrowed = false;
}

public String getTitle() {

return title;
}

public String getAuthor() {

return author;
}

public double getPrice() {

return price;
}

public boolean isBorrowed() {

return isBorrowed;
}

public void setBorrowed(boolean borrowed) {

isBorrowed = borrowed;
}

@Override
public String toString() {
return title + " by " + author + " ($" + price + ")";
}
}

public class BookNotFoundException extends Exception {

public BookNotFoundException(String message) {
super(message);
}
}

public class BookAlreadyBorrowedException extends Exception {

public BookAlreadyBorrowedException(String message) {
super(message);
}
}

public class Library {

private Book[] books;
private int count;

public Library(int capacity) {

books = new Book[capacity];
count = 0;
}

public void addBook(Book book) {

try {
books[count] = book;
count++;
System.out.println("Book \"" + book.getTitle() + "\" added successfully.");
} catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
System.out.println("Cannot add book: Library is full.");
} finally {
System.out.println("addBook operation completed.");
}
}

public void borrowBook(String title) throws BookNotFoundException, BookAlreadyBorrowedException {

for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
if (books[i].getTitle().equals(title)) {
 if (books[i].isBorrowed()) {
throw new BookAlreadyBorrowedException("Cannot borrow \"" + title + "\": Book is already borrowed.");
}
books[i].setBorrowed(true);
System.out.println("Successfully borrowed \"" + title + "\".");
return;
}
}
throw new BookNotFoundException("Cannot borrow \"" + title + "\": Book not found.");
}

public void returnBook(String title) throws BookNotFoundException {

for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
if (books[i].getTitle().equals(title)) {
if (!books[i].isBorrowed()) {
System.out.println("Book \"" + title + "\" was not borrowed.");
return;
}
books[i].setBorrowed(false);
System.out.println("Successfully returned \"" + title + "\".");
return;
}
}
throw new BookNotFoundException("Cannot return \"" + title + "\": Book not found.");
}

public void showAvailableBooks() {

boolean anyAvailable = false;
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
if (!books[i].isBorrowed()) {
System.out.println(books[i]);
anyAvailable = true;
}
}
if (!anyAvailable) {
System.out.println("No books available.");
}
System.out.println("showAvailableBooks operation completed.");
}
}

public class Test {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Library library = new Library(3);

// Create book objects

Book book1 = new Book("The Great Gatsby", "F. Scott Fitzgerald", 20);
Book book2 = new Book("To Kill a Mockingbird", "Harper Lee", 25);
Book book3 = new Book("1984", "George Orwell", 18);

// Attempt to create a book with negative price

try {
Book book4 = new Book("Moby Dick", "Herman Melville", -15);
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}

// Add books to the library

library.addBook(book1);
library.addBook(book2);
library.addBook(book3);

// Attempt to add a fourth book to a full library

Book book5 = new Book("Pride and Prejudice", "Jane Austen", 22);
library.addBook(book5);

// Borrow a book
try {
library.borrowBook("1984");
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}

// Attempt to borrow the same book again

try {
library.borrowBook("1984");
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
 // Attempt to borrow a non-existent book
try {
library.borrowBook("The Catcher in the Rye");
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}

// Return a book
try {
library.returnBook("1984");
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}

// Attempt to return a non-existent book

try {
library.returnBook("The Catcher in the Rye");
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}

// Show available books

System.out.println("Available books:");
library.showAvailableBooks();
}
}