JICA 2023

JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT

Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA),
Contents
an incorporated administrative agency in charge of administering Japan’s ODA,

is one of the world’s largest bilateral aid agencies 3 Leading the world with trust
4 Message from the President
supporting socioeconomic development in
6 JICA at a Glance

developing countries in different regions of the world.

About JICA: An Overview of Programs and Strategies
8 ODA and JICA
10 Types and Operational Flows of JICA’s Cooperation
12 JICA’s Sustainability Management
13 The 5th Medium-term Plan (Fiscal 2022–2026)
14 Directions of JICA’s Development Activities for Fiscal 2023
20 JICA Global Agenda

Overview of Activities and Initiatives in Fiscal 2022

26 Addressing the Issues Facing Developing Countries
36 Overview by Region
45 Overview of Operations

Partnerships to Enhance Development Effectiveness

48 Partnerships with Universities and Research Institutions
50 Cooperation with the Private Sector
53 Volunteer Programs
54 Support for the Acceptance of Foreign HRs /
Multicultural and Inclusive Society
55 Partnership with Nikkei Communities in
Latin America and the Caribbean
56 Collaboration with Civil Society
58 Research
60 Emergency Disaster Relief
63 JICA’s Social Bonds

Efforts to Support Quality Operations

64 Transparency of Operations
66 Human Resources Strategy
68 Efforts to Combat Climate Change
70 Environmental and Social Considerations
71 Security Measures
72 Corporate Governance

76 Organizational Information

Data Book 2023

 Mission
JICA, in accordance with the Development Cooperation Charter, will work on human security* and quality growth.

Vision
Leading the world with trust
JICA, with its partners, will take the lead in forging bonds of trust across the world, aspiring for a free,
peaceful and prosperous world where people can hope for
a better future and explore their diverse potentials.

Actions
1
Commitment:
Commit ourselves with pride and passion to achieving our mission and vision.
2
Gemba:
Dive into the field (“gemba”) and work together with the people.
3
Strategy:
Think and act strategically with broad and long-term perspectives.
4
Co-creation:
Bring together diverse wisdom and resources.
5
Innovation:
Innovate to bring about unprecedented impacts.

* A concept that focuses on each and every individual through protection of individuals from serious and wide-ranging threats to their survival, daily lives,
and dignity and empowerment of people for sustainable self-reliance and community building, so that all people can reach their full potential.

3
 Message

Collaborating with the International Community to

Overcome Crises and Achieve Human Security

We are at a turning point in history. The interna- levels. I myself visited 13 countries and met leaders reconstruction and recovery in Turkey and other strengthen the connections between people and
tional order based on the rule of law, which has of governments and international organizations to places affected by natural disasters. countries that weakened during the pandemic, but
fostered stability and prosperity around the world affirm that we will collaborate as reliable partners also endeavor to create new bonds in the name
since the end of the Cold War, is buffeted by se- in pursuit of the SDGs. To resolve such weighty issues, we will strategical- of building trust with developing countries and
vere stresses due to increasingly unbridled global ly promote projects according to the JICA Global contributing to a better world.
geopolitical competition. Moreover, the severity of For fiscal 2023, we will augment our efforts to Agenda (cooperation strategy for global issues),
climate change continues to escalate, and com- bring the world a step closer to achieving the SDGs launched in 2021, and uphold peace, stability, and
pounded crises—including the global spread of by 2030. Pursuant to Japan’s new Development prosperity in the international community.
infectious diseases, sharp rises in food and energy Cooperation Charter, we will collaborate based
prices, and debt crises—also impose a heavy toll. on the mission of human security that underpins On the domestic front, as Japan’s birth rate
In addition to threatening all humankind, these JICA projects so all people can live with dignity, falls and its society ages, acceptance of foreign
complex challenges disproportionately impact free from fear and want. At the same time, we will nationals is necessary to maintain the country’s
vulnerable people in developing countries and support quality growth aimed at realizing sustain- vitality. Utilizing the developing-country networks
therefore jeopardize achievement of the United able economic growth that reduces disparities and talent that JICA has cultivated through our
Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) without harming the natural environment. cooperation, we will help to create an inclusive
by the target date of 2030. society and make Japan a country in which people
Specifically, JICA will strive to maintain interna- from abroad choose to work and live.
The fact that the world is in the midst of com- tional order based on universal values like the
pounded crises means that the welfare of people rule of law, freedom, democracy, and respect for JICA also needs to reform itself to be able to
in Japan is also threatened. However, they cannot fundamental human rights. As part of these efforts, most effectively support developing countries in
be resolved by Japan or any other country acting we will proactively provide support to Ukraine as achieving the SDGs. In line with this aim, we will
alone; rather, the whole world needs to cooperate well as nearby countries and focus on extending reexamine our organizational management prac-
in overcoming them. As chair of the G7 in 2023, development cooperation that advances the tices and implement sustainability management by
Japan is well positioned to vigorously drive Japanese government’s foreign policy of a Free swiftly making improvements where needed and
forward required collective action in this regard. and Open Indo-Pacific (FOIP). undertaking various initiatives. To this end, in April
To be sure, the role of JICA, which is in charge of 2023, we established an Office for Sustainability
administering Japan’s development cooperation, Furthermore, we will support vulnerable coun- Management and are enhancing related internal
is more important than ever in an era when the tries and those susceptible to the impacts of systems. August 2023
international community must cooperate to compounded crises while redoubling our efforts
safeguard our shared well-being. to address global issues; namely, climate change, JICA’s guiding vision is “leading the world with TANAKA Akihiko
health and medicine, and disaster risk reduction. trust.” Through collaboration and the co-creation President
Recognizing this, we sought in fiscal 2022 to We firmly believe that Japan, as a disaster-prone of knowledge and value alongside an expanding Japan International Cooperation Agency
swiftly restore JICA activities to pre-pandemic country, can offer useful knowledge in support of array of partners, we will not only restore and (JICA)

4 5
JICA at a Glance
Overview of Operations (Fiscal 2022)

Scale of Operations by Region Scale of Operations by Type Building people-to-people relationships

Southeast Asia and Pacific East Asia, Central Asia, and the Caucasus South Asia Technical Cooperation*1 Accepted

175.2 13,090
Cooperation with

9
Cooperation with Cooperation with

22 countries countries 8 countries

¥ billion
training participants and students from developing countries were
accepted in fiscal 2022*4
Total value of JICA programs (Cumulative total approximately 700,000 people)
Total value of JICA programs

44.6
Total value of JICA programs

896.4 ¥ billion 987.3 Finance and Investment Cooperation*2

2,450.6
¥ billion ¥ billion
Dispatched

Latin America and the Caribbean

Cooperation with
Africa Middle East and Europe
¥ billion
9,438
30
Cooperation with Cooperation with JICA experts and JICA volunteers were dispatched in fiscal 2022*4

48 22
(Cumulative total approximately 260,000 people)
Grants* 3

119.2
countries countries countries and regions

Total value of JICA programs ¥ billion

178.5
Total value of JICA programs Total value of JICA programs

¥ billion ¥ 182.5 billion ¥ 386.7 billion

Notes) *1 Technical Cooperation expenses include Technical Assistance expenses managed under the Finance and Investment Account budget, but exclude administration costs.
•The figures show the total value of JICA programs in each region, including Technical Cooperation (Training Participants, Experts, Study Teams, Provision of Equipment, Japan Overseas *2 Total commitment amounts of ODA Loan and Private-Sector Investment Finance.
Cooperation Volunteers [JOCVs], Other volunteers, and Other costs), Finance and Investment Cooperation (commitment amount), and Grants (newly concluded G/As) in fiscal 2022. *3 Aggregated amount of Grants committed through concluding of respective Grant Agreements.
•Figures exclude JICA’s cooperation for multiple countries or multiple regions and international organizations. *4 Figures are total of ongoing and newly accepted/dispatched.

Organization History

August 1974 October 2003 October 2008

Japan International Cooperation Agency Japan International Cooperation Agency Japan International Cooperation Agency
JICA JICA JICA
(The Incorporated Administrative Agency) (The Incorporated Administrative Agency)

March 1961 October 1999

Overseas Economic Cooperation Fund Japan Bank for International Cooperation
OECF JBIC

96
overseas offices
15
domestic offices
1,968 full-time staff
139
The number of developing
Overseas Economic Cooperation Operations
(ODA Loans)

International Financial Operations

countries and regions JICA cooperated with Ministry of Foreign Affairs

as of July 1, 2023 as of July 1, 2023 as of July 1, 2023 during fiscal 2022
Grants*5 *5 Excluding Grants that the Ministry of Foreign
Affairs provides due to diplomatic necessity.

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 About JICA: An Overview of Programs and Strategies About JICA: An Overview of Programs and Strategies

ODA and JICA

The Significance of Japan’s International Cooperation As a means to contribute to the international community, these expectations and trust shown toward Japan, JICA,
Japan initiated official development assistance (ODA) in as a bridge linking Japan with developing countries, is
1954. Since then, Japan’s international cooperation through committed to extending cooperation for their self-reliance
Compounded crises facing the world ODA has earned Japan great trust and high expectations and development while capitalizing on the insights and
Many countries in the world that are called developing from the international community. In order to respond to experiences Japan gained from its postwar reconstruction.
countries face challenges such as poverty and conflict. In
these countries, environmental pollution, a lack of education
and employment opportunities, and inequality as well as
epidemic outbreaks due to fragile health systems can cause
social unrest, which in turn may lead to conflict.
These problems are not confined to developing countries,
and they can develop into pandemics, global environmental
1 billion JICA, Playing a Core Role in Japan’s ODA

destruction, or serious cross-border conflicts. Today, each The number of people living in fragile and conflict-affected areas*
Various organizations and groups, including governments, JICA also has 15 domestic offices*3 across Japan that
*2021 World Bank estimate
country needs to address these common global challenges international organizations, non-governmental organiza- serve as a nexus linking developing countries with regions
instead of pursuing only its own interests. tions (NGOs), and private companies, carry out economic in the country. These domestic offices promote international
cooperation to support socioeconomic development in cooperation that takes advantage of the characteristics of
An interdependent world developing countries. The financial and technical assistance these regions and contribute to their development through
Japan relies on other countries for much of its supply that governments provide to developing countries as part such cooperation.
of natural resources and food. It depends on imports for of this economic cooperation is called Official Development
80–90% of its demand for energy. With a food self-sufficien-
cy rate of less than 40%, Japan also depends on imports
for many food items, including grains, marine products,
92 ％
The percentage of people in ASEAN states who rated Japan as
Assistance (ODA).
ODA is broadly classified into two types: bilateral aid and
multilateral aid. Multilateral aid consists of financing and
and fruits. a reliable friend of their countries* financial contributions to international organizations.
As shown by Japan’s heavy dependence on other *Ministry of Foreign Affairs, “Opinion Poll on Japan in ASEAN in 2021,” 2021 JICA, in charge of administering Japan’s ODA, is one
countries for much of its natural resources and food, it is of the world’s largest bilateral aid agencies. It supports
no longer possible for any nation to secure its peace and developing countries in addressing their development chal-
prosperity alone in this increasingly globalized world. lenges through flexible combination of various cooperation
modalities, such as Technical Cooperation, Finance and
Japan’s roles in the world high-speed rail line, were built with this kind of support from Investment Cooperation, and Grants.*1 JICA has 96 overseas
Japan was also a recipient of assistance from the interna- the World Bank. Once again, in the wake of the Great East offices*2 and operates in approximately 140 countries and
tional community as it rose from the ruins of World War II and Japan Earthquake in 2011, Japan received relief supplies, regions of the world.
achieved economic growth. Economic infrastructure that financial aid, and donations from some 260 countries and
was essential for Japan’s postwar economic development, regions as well as from international organizations and
including the Kurobe Dam and the Tokaido Shinkansen others. Technical
Cooperation

JICA
Finance and
A Universal Call to Action: The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Investment Cooperation
The SDGs, adopted at the United Nations in September 2015,
ODA Bilateral
(Official Development Assistance
are a set of international goals that aim to eradicate poverty and Assistance)
realize a sustainable society by 2030 based on the core principle of Multilateral
“leaving no one behind.” The SDGs consist of 17 goals that address Grants*1
Assistance
the social, economic, and environmental dimensions, and 169 targets the JICA Global Agenda, a set of 20 development cooperation (contributions and subscriptions to
to achieve them. Both developed and developing countries are strategies that cover the SDGs’ four categories: Prosperity, People, international organizations)
required to take them on, with various stakeholders joining together. Peace, and the Planet. Taking advantage of Japan’s experience in
JICA has a twofold mission: realizing human security, which its own development and international cooperation, JICA supports
protects the vital core of all human lives in ways that enhance human developing countries to attain the SDGs in collaboration not only Other
freedoms and human fulfillment; and achieving quality growth that with governments and people in these countries but also with a
is inclusive, sustainable, and resilient. In 2021, JICA established diverse range of international partners.

More information JICA’s website: Toward Achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
*1 Excluding Grants that the Ministry of Foreign Affairs provides due to diplomatic necessity.
*2–3 As of July 2023.

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 About JICA: An Overview of Programs and Strategies About JICA: An Overview of Programs and Strategies

Types and Operational Flows of JICA’s Cooperation

JICA offers various types of cooperation, including Technical Cooperation, Finance and Investment Cooperation, and Grants.* Operational flow of JICA’s cooperation
The organization organically utilizes these types of cooperation based on dialogue with and requests from partner country
governments under development cooperation policies formulated by the Japanese government. The aim is to deliver
effective, efficient, and accommodative cooperation for partner countries.

JICA
Technical Cooperation supports the development of human resources that will promote
social and economic development in developing countries and the establishment of
Technical Cooperation Regional, country,
[Government of Japan]
administrative systems by utilizing the knowledge, experience, and technologies of Foreign Policy,
People-to-people cooperation Japan. By accepting training participants in Japan and dispatching Japanese experts, and thematic development
Development
JICA supports developing countries’ capacity development in solving problems. cooperation strategy
Cooperation Policy

Finance and ODA Loans are extended under generous lending conditions (long repayment periods,
Investment Cooperation low interest rates) for projects supporting the development of developing countries. They
Lending or investing of funds are applied to infrastructure construction and other projects and programs requiring a
under concessional terms to large amount of funding. Private-Sector Investment Finance, on the other hand, provides
developing countries for their Request for Assistance
financial support for private-sector activities in developing countries. Project formulation
development from partner countries

Grants provide funds to low-income developing countries without the obligation of

Grants* repayment to support the construction of facilities necessary for social and economic
Core infrastructure development development, such as schools, hospitals, water supply systems, and roads, and the
and equipment provision
procurement of equipment and other supplies. Feedback

JICA
Appraisal

JICA cooperates in diverse ways with NGOs, local governments, universities, and other [Government of Japan]
organizations that participate in international cooperation activities. JICA dispatches Approval, Signing of
Citizen Participation volunteers such as Japan Overseas Cooperation Volunteers (JOCVs) as a part of its citizen International Agreement
A broader base of international participatory cooperation. Furthermore, JICA supports development education, which
cooperation
is designed to deepen understanding of the challenges facing developing countries,
chiefly in the field of school education.

Technical Finance and

Emergency Disaster In cases where large-scale disasters occur overseas, JICA dispatches Japan Disaster Investment Grants
Cooperation
Relief (JDR) teams in response to requests from the governments of affected countries or Cooperation*1 Project implementation
Relief international organizations in accordance with the decision of the Japanese government. Project implementation
Project implementation and supervision
Response to natural and other and supervision
These JDR teams engage in rescue efforts, treat wounds and illnesses, provide emergency and supervision
disasters relief supplies, and assist disaster recovery.

JICA works together with diverse partners for the purposes of world peace and devel-
Research opment and conducts quality research with policy impact by integrating a field-oriented
Co-creating practical knowledge perspective. It also returns such research outcomes to JICA’s operations as part of its
for peace and development
efforts to contribute to the realization of human security.
Evaluation*2

Public-Private By providing support for the introduction of excellent technologies and products by
Partnerships Japanese private companies and their participation in projects, JICA contributes to the
solution of the social and economic issues faced by developing countries. Such support
Supporting social and economic
development through private- is extended through schemes including Private-Sector Investment Finance and SDGs
*1 Request for Assistance from partner countries, and Approval, Signing of International Agreement by Government of Japan are not a prerequisite for Private-Sector
sector business activities Business Supporting Surveys.
Investment Finance and Technical Assistance under Finance and Investment Account.
*2 JICA conducts evaluations of projects using the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle for each scheme of Technical Cooperation, Finance and Investment Cooperation,
*Excluding Grants that the Ministry of Foreign Affairs provides due to diplomatic necessity. and Grants, and employs the system to further improve operations and sufficiently achieve public accountability.

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 About JICA: An Overview of Programs and Strategies About JICA: An Overview of Programs and Strategies

JICA’s Sustainability Management The 5th Medium-term Plan (Fiscal 2022–2026)

Promoting organizational and operational sustainability and the Office for Sustainability Management within the In accordance with the law, JICA prepares a Medium-term The Medium-term Plan also sets out plans on a number
The SDGs and sustainability issues related to climate General Affairs Department in April 2023 to centrally follow Plan—which is subject to authorization of the competent of other issues, including priority issues for each of the
change, nature, human rights, and other global issues are up on sustainability-related discussions and further promote ministers*—based on the Medium-term Objectives as six regions of the world, partnerships with various actors,
becoming a growing concern internationally, and efforts organization-wide actions. JICA will further enhance its directed by these ministers every five years. Based on stronger foundations for implementation, and more optimal
to address these issues are being intensified. sustainability management structure. this plan, JICA also draws up an Annual Plan under which and streamlined administrative operations, as well as
As an agency that implements ODA programs and proj- it conducts its operations for the year. security measures and internal controls.
ects to help address these global issues, and to support Major actions during fiscal 2022 As in the previous 4th Medium-term Plan (Fiscal 2017–
developing countries in achieving the SDGs, JICA has also ● Published the JICA Sustainability Report in November 2021), the 5th Medium-term Plan identifies Operational
Development Cooperation The basic policy of Japan’s
been strengthening efforts to make itself and the world 2022 Focus Areas and Prioritized Approaches. Charter development cooperation
sustainable over the long term from economic, social, and ● Held Sustainability Committee meetings twice, in January In the Operational Focus Areas, the Medium-term Plan
environmental perspectives. These efforts include, among and March 2023 calls for JICA to work on three priority issues outlined in Medium-term Objectives Established by the competent ministers
others, reducing electricity and energy consumption, ● 
Issued sustainability relay messages from the the Development Cooperation Charter, which shares the (five years) and relevant instructions given to JICA

promoting the wider use of renewable energy, procuring Sustainability Committee members to raise awareness same directions with the SDGs. These three issues are (1) Medium-term Plan Prepared by JICA and authorized by
eco-friendly products, and securing healthy working within the organization, from March 2023 quality growth and poverty eradication through such growth; (five years) the competent ministers*
environments. ● Organized sustainability workshops for JICA domestic (2) sharing universal values and realizing a peaceful and
Established by JICA and notified to
JICA’s operations come with a conundrum of trade-offs offices to raise awareness within the organization, in secure society; and (3) building a sustainable and resilient Annual Plan (one year) the competent ministers
between development and environment and between the 17 March 2023 international community through efforts to address global
goals of the SDGs. For example, infrastructure development challenges. The Plan also calls for JICA to enhance initiatives *The Minister for Foreign Affairs, the Minister of Finance, and the Minister of
may result in the loss of nature. Promotion of rice cultivation In fiscal 2023, JICA will further improve the content of the toward the four areas shown in the figure below. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries.
may increase greenhouse gas emissions deriving from JICA Sustainability Report. Efforts to this end will include
paddy fields. As the world is facing compounded crises, providing information in accordance with international
it is particularly necessary to consider such trade-offs in standards, as well as setting targets through back-casting Outline of the 5th Medium-term Plan
proposing and providing balanced and optimal cooperation. method—an approach that first identifies the desired
International framework surrounding development cooperation Important policies and initiatives of the Japanese government
With this recognition, JICA places more emphasis on state in the future and then charts the path to achieve the
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Development Cooperation Charter
efforts to strike a balance among economic, social, and intended targets, rather than charting the path based on Paris Agreement (climate change) Related policies, Government commitments
environmental dimensions and aims to maximize its oper- the status quo.
ational impact in cooperation with developing countries
and other diverse partners.
Operational Focus Areas Prioritized Approaches
Sustainability management structure (1) R ealize Free and Open Indo-Pacific and demonstrate (1) P romote development cooperation that builds a mutually
leadership in the international community trustful relationship by emphasizing a partner country’s
In November 2022, JICA established the Sustainability ownership and partnership
(2) C ultivate future leaders responsible for the development of
Committee, chaired by the president, to build a structure their countries (2) E nhance development impacts through wide-ranging
for reporting and examining issues related to sustain- (3) S trengthen initiatives for climate change and environmental partnerships and co-creation with development partners
ability management. As part of its efforts to expedite issues through the promotion of the JICA Global Agenda (cooperation
the sustainability management process, JICA set up its (4) C ontribute to revitalizing Japan’s economy and society, and strategy for global issues)
Sustainability Management Taskforce in the same month promoting understanding for cultural diversity within Japan (3) P romote gender equality and respect diversity
(4) P romote digital transformation (DX)

Concrete Initiatives

Efforts to address priority issues Regional priority issues

(1) Secure a foundation and driving force for economic growth
Three pillars of sustainability management (fiscal 2023–2024)
(2) Promote people-centered development, which supports basic Contribute toward addressing development issues through
human life partnerships with the private sector and other partners

1 2 3
(3) Share universal values and realize a peaceful and secure society
(4) Build a sustainable and resilient international community by Strengthen foundations for implementation
addressing global challenges
Create a sound Create a trusted Create new shared Security measures and construction safety
Strengthen ties between various partners and developing areas, and
organization organization value contribute to the acceptance of foreign workers and building a more Other important operational management issues
culturally diverse and inclusive society
Driving achievement of Fulfilling responsibilities as Enhancing the impact and Strengthen organizational structure and infrastructure, and
improve quality and efficiency of operations through the promotion
the SDGs for the organization an organization value of operations Cultivate future leaders in developing areas, who can foster a of DX; Optimize and streamline administrative operations;
long-lasting bilateral relationship between each country and Japan Strengthen internal controls; Personnel planning for strengthening
through the JICA Development Studies Program and JICA Chair organizational capacity; etc.

More information JICA’s website: JICA Sustainability Report More information JICA’s website: Organization (Medium-term Plan/Annual Plan)
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 About JICA: An Overview of Programs and Strategies About JICA: An Overview of Programs and Strategies

Directions of JICA’s Development Activities for Fiscal 2023

1
Contribution to
2
Contribution to
3
Co-creation and Innovation with

JICA’s
Maintaining International Order Addressing Compounded Crises Diverse Partners
Based on Universal Values Facing the World

Three Today, the world is beset with political distur-

bances and conflicts that may undermine the
For compounded crises facing the world, JICA
will deliver cooperation based on the concept of
In the post-COVID era, the needs for devel-
opment cooperation in developing countries

Endeavors
foundation of the international order. It is therefore human security. are ever-changing. By effectively utilizing digital
more important than ever to protect universal JICA will assist developing countries in achiev- data and technology, JICA will promote digital
values such as freedom, democracy, the rule of ing the dual goal of development and climate transformation (DX) in all its operations with the
law, and the freedom of the seas. action. While standing by developing countries, aim of “giving JICA a cutting edge with digital tech-
Based on universal values that are flexibly JICA will deliver cooperation in both mitigation nology.” JICA will also encourage collaboration
The world is seeing the foundation of the international order defined to reflect the history, culture, and and adaptation. The scope of mitigation will between researchers in developing countries and
being undermined. It is also facing compounded crises that development status of partner countries, JICA cover, for example, energy transition and public those in Japan to make good use of science and
will work to realize the Japanese government’s transportation development that accommodate technology that helps solve development issues
involve inflation, debt crises, and such global issues as
vision of a Free and Open Indo-Pacific (FOIP) and the situations in each country. The scope of adap- in its operations.
climate change and infectious diseases. Under the new thus contribute to peace and prosperity in the tation will encompass such sectors as disaster risk In addition, JICA will advance the JICA Global
Development Cooperation Charter, JICA will push ahead Indo-Pacific region, and eventually, in the world. reduction, water resources, and agriculture. JICA Agenda, expand cooperation with diverse part-
with efforts to cooperate with developing countries in their In the process, JICA will advance development will also proactively promote the mobilization of ners for fund mobilization and other purposes,
creative reconstruction and their achievement of the SDGs cooperation that capitalizes on Japan’s strengths private funds and the utilization of new technology. and promote Private-Sector Investment Finance
with the mission of advancing both human security and while respecting partner countries’ ownership and For the threat of infectious diseases, JICA will and private investment. The aim is to make its
quality growth. In doing so, JICA will promote co-creation building trust among stakeholders. advance JICA’s Initiative for Global Health and operations more efficient and maximize their
with diverse partners and leverage digital technology and For Ukraine, JICA will deliver assistance in Medicine to achieve universal health coverage development impacts.
innovation to maximize its development effectiveness. recovery and reconstruction with an eye toward (UHC), which ensures that all people receive health In order to enhance efforts toward multicultural
the postwar period. A specific focus will be placed services without suffering financial hardship. coexistence and regional economic revitalization
on clearing landmines and unexploded ordnance As for food crises, JICA will roll out the JICA in Japan, JICA will make the most of its experience
and rebuilding people’s lives, including the devel- Initiative for Food and Nutrition Security in Africa with human resources development programs, its
opment of energy and other core infrastructure. In on this seriously affected continent in an effort to human capital such as former JICA volunteers,
the process, JICA will take advantage of Japan’s help ensure food security in the developing world. and national and international networks that it
experiences in postwar and post-disaster recon- has developed over the years.
struction in Japan as well as in reconstruction Through all these activities, JICA will promote
assistance in developing countries. JICA will also co-creation with diverse partners to contribute
work both on supporting refugees and internally both to the sound development of developing
displaced persons and on assisting neighboring countries and to a prosperous and sustainable
host countries. Japanese society.

In Focus In Focus In Focus

See page 16 on Support for Ukraine. See page 17 on Climate Action. See page 19 on
See page 18 on Food Security. Science and Technology Cooperation.

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 About JICA: An Overview of Programs and Strategies About JICA: An Overview of Programs and Strategies

1 2
Japanese demining technology for safe living and reconstruction Aiming to address both development issues and climate change
In Ukraine, landmines and unexploded ordnances (UXOs) pose both a threat to safe and secure life and As a partner of developing countries, JICA supports both a transition to a net-zero* society and the
an impediment to recovery and reconstruction efforts. For Ukraine, JICA has provided ALIS, a Japanese- creation of a society resilient to climate change, thus contributing to the achievement of the goals as
made mine detecting system. It also offered training in operating ALIS in Cambodia in cooperation with set in the Paris Agreement. JICA encourages partner countries to implement the Paris Agreement by
the Cambodian Mine Action Centre (CMAC), to which Japan has provided cooperation for many years. helping them enhance the capacities needed to formulate, update, and monitor their climate action
In Focus In addition, JICA has provided the crane-equipped trucks needed to carry removed explosives. It has In Focus plans. In the process, JICA takes into account their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) which
Support for also formulated a Grant project involving the provision of demining and other equipment. Climate Action set out their plans of reducing emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) as well as their long-term low
JICA will continue to stand by Ukraine and provide cooperation by taking advantage of Japan’s emission development strategies.
Ukraine technology and expertise as well as its experience in development cooperation. JICA also promotes the co-benefits approach that contributes both to solving development issues
(development benefits) and to addressing climate change (climate benefits). JICA aims to scale up and
upgrade climate actions in a number of sectors, including energy, transport, urban development, nature
conservation, and agriculture.
*A state in which GHG emissions into the atmosphere are equal to the amount of GHGs removed from it.

PHOTO: A session of training in operating ALIS at CMAC for demining experts from the State Emergency Service of Ukraine (SESU).
CMAC experts served as demonstration instructors. ALIS is a landmine detection system that combines a metal detector and PHOTO: JICA cooperates with partner countries in deploying renewable energy so as to achieve the dual purposes of meeting
ground-penetrating radar. The system is capable of determining, on the terminal screen, whether a detected underground object growing power demand and addressing climate change. In December 2022, JICA signed a project finance loan agreement (Private-
is an explosive or not. It makes mine detection safer and more efficient than conventional metal detectors. It is hoped that ALIS will Sector Investment Finance) to provide up to $25 million for a private sector–led onshore wind power project in Ninh Thuan Province,
contribute to clearing landmines and UXOs in Ukraine. southern Viet Nam.

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 About JICA: An Overview of Programs and Strategies About JICA: An Overview of Programs and Strategies

2 3
Achieving human security through food and agriculture development in International joint research that takes on global issues
collaboration with partners
In recent years, global issues—including environmental and energy problems, food crises, and infectious
The world’s food demand is expected to increase to 1.7 times the 2010 level by 2050.* It is estimated diseases—are becoming increasingly entangled and posing a greater threat. To address these issues,
that more than 800 million people will be denied access to sufficient food by then. It is therefore necessary existing technology alone does not suffice; it is also necessary to gain new technology and expertise
to step up efforts to achieve food security so that quality food will be available to all with reasonable and promptly implement them in society. Since 2008, JICA has been conducting a program called the
In Focus In Focus
prices for years to come. Small developing economies, in particular, have difficulty importing food, which Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development (SATREPS) in cooperation
Food Security makes it important to build a system to produce and supply certain levels of food domestically. It is also Science and with the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) and the Japan Agency for Medical Research
estimated that 500 million people, or some 60% of the world’s poor, are engaged in farming. It is thus and Development (AMED). Under the SATREPS program, Japanese research institutions conduct joint
deemed important to promote agriculture as a business so that farmers can make a decent living.
Technology research with those in developing countries and use its outcomes in solving social issues.
JICA aims to reduce poverty in rural areas and ensure food security. To this end, JICA will work Cooperation In the field of infectious diseases, SATREPS works on a wide range of activities, including (1) elucidating
with diverse cooperation partners to achieve a number of objectives. These include building inclusive the nature and mechanism of an infectious disease; (2) establishing methods of prevention, diagnosis,
food value chains, promoting rice cultivation, encouraging market-oriented farming for smallholders, and treatment; (3) developing therapeutic medication; (4) allowing the private sector to commercialize
managing and utilizing fishery resources, promoting livestock farming and improved livestock hygiene, it; and (5) enabling authorities to reflect all these outcomes in their policies and strategies.
and achieving nutrition improvement.
*Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, “JAPAN Long-term World Food Supply and Demand Projection for 2050,” September 2019.
PHOTO: Chagas disease is a fatal parasitic disease unique to Latin America and the Caribbean. It is estimated that about 3% of El
Salvador’s population or some 230,000 people are infected with it. Its virulence factors and pathology have yet to be fully elucidated.
PHOTO: In November 2022, JICA launched the JICA Africa Food Security Initiative to deliver cooperation aimed at increasing food The existing therapeutic medication has many problems, including strong side effects. Under the Project for Integrated Research
security on the continent, which is experiencing a growing food crisis. The photo shows a JICA project at work in Uganda, where and Development toward Chagas Disease Control, Japanese and El Salvadorian research institutions have been conducting joint
farmers are receiving hands-on training in planting seeds in a nursery they prepared. (Photo: PRiDe Project Phase 2) research to analyze genes associated with pathogenesis and develop new therapeutic medications.

18 19
 About JICA: An Overview of Programs and Strategies About JICA: An Overview of Programs and Strategies

JICA Global Agenda

en da goals and objectives: contributio

lo b al A g n to
t he
Mobilizing a Wider Range of Resources to Tackle Global Issues AG S DG
JIC s

JICA has set the JICA Global Agenda—20 cooperation strategies for global issues in four categories—
to identify medium- to long-term objectives and initiatives toward more strategic cooperation.
JICA aims to further increase development impacts through enhanced partnership and co-creation with
various partners both within and outside Japan by sharing these objectives with them.
mum impact on development iss
M a xi u es

-creation with div

o r at ion and co er se
a c to
Complex and serious issues facing C o ll ab rs
the world Twenty cooperation strategies for
Pursuing economic prosperity and global issues in four categories
human dignity, the world has been facing
challenges, including climate change, that
threaten the very survival of all life, along
with difficulties such as COVID-19 and
frequent armed conflicts. Addressing these
Prosperity People
global issues requires that the international
1 6
community make a united effort mobilizing Urban and Regional Development Health
Se tting orm
a wider range of resources. nda Platf
Age
JICA is committed to contributing both 2 7
Transportation Improving Nutrition
to achieving the SDGs in partner countries
and to solving global challenges together 3 8
et Creation
with its mission to work on human security Energy and Mining Education Mark
and quality growth. To this end, JICA in n
ti o
4 9
fiscal 2021 set JICA Global Agenda, 20 Social Security, Disability,
i z a
o bil
Private Sector Development
cooperation strategies for global issues in and Development
M
four categories: Prosperity, People, Peace,
and Planet.
5
Agriculture and Rural Development 10 F i n a n ce
(Sustainable Food Systems) Sport and Development
JIC
Advancing collaboration and A’s activities
co-creation
Amid growing interest in the SDGs, the
range of development actors is expanding Peace Planet
to include private companies, research
institutions, civil society organizations, and 11 16
others. JICA will share the values it aims Peacebuilding Climate Change
to achieve over the medium- to long-term 12 17
with these various stakeholders and work Governance Natural Environment Conservation
together to tackle global issues.
To further advance such collaboration, 13 18
Public Finance and Financial Systems Environmental Management
JICA will build platforms that allow diverse
partners to gather various resources, 14 19
including knowledge, ideas, and talent, Gender Equality and
Women's Empowerment
Sustainable Water Resources
Management and Water Supply
JICA’s roles for maximizing the impact of development efforts
to promote co-creation. It will also work
to create an environment that enables 15 20 Agenda Setting Platform Market Creation Finance Mobilization
fund mobilization and private business Digital for Development Disaster Risk Reduction through
Pre-disaster Investment Setting common goals and Building a co-creative plat- Creating business Raising funds for
participation to spur a groundswell of
and Build Back Better objectives for the future form that attracts diverse opportunities problem-solving
efforts to solve global issues. actors and information

20 21
 About JICA: An Overview of Programs and Strategies About JICA: An Overview of Programs and Strategies

Prosperity People
1 Urban and Regional Development 6 Health
Urban management for livable and sustainable cities APPROACHES Advancing a health-promoting society to protect people’s lives at APPROACHES

With an eye on desirable cities, JICA devises appropriate land use while utilizing 1. Collaborating with various stakeholders to all times 1. Strengthening diagnosis and treatment
strengthen urban management capacity capacity of core hospitals
the latest geospatial information.* It also involves and coordinates various 2. Supporting the development and utilization of
JICA advances a health-promoting society that underpins people's lives. 2. Strengthening the institutions for infectious
stakeholders in planning, implementation, and operation and management of geospatial information* Through this, it aims to contribute to the achievement of Universal Health disease control and testing
urban environment. It extends support to strengthen the urban administration’s *Location information with its associated information
Coverage (UHC), which ensures that all people receive the health services 3. Strengthening quality continuum care for
ability to conceptualize and manage attractive and sustainable cities [ see they need without suffering financial hardship [ see page 30]. mothers and children, including the use of
Maternal and Child Health Handbooks
page 26]. 4. Strengthening sound health financing systems

2 Transportation 7 Improving Nutrition

Pursuing a world where all people and goods move safely and APPROACHES Proper nutrition for a healthy future for all APPROACHES
freely 1. Building a global network JICA tackles both undernutrition, a condition resulting from inadequate intake 1. Improving maternal and child nutrition
2. Enhancing maritime security capabilities 2. The Initiative for Food and Nutrition Security in
While promoting low-carbon and decarbonization in the transportation sector, 3. Promoting road asset management of necessary nutrients, and overnutrition, an increasingly serious problem. To Africa (IFNA)
JICA works on the development of transportation infrastructure, improvement 4. Improving road traffic safety this end, it is making collaborative efforts in a range of sectors, including health,
of maintenance and management techniques, and safety. It aims to create a 5. Promoting the development of urban public agriculture and food, water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH), and education,
society where people can move freely and safely, and necessary goods can be transport thereby helping people all over the world to lead a healthy life.
transported anywhere in the world.

3 Energy and Mining 8 Education

To realize carbon neutrality and stable supply of affordable energy APPROACHES Quality education where each individual shines with vitality APPROACHES

JICA aims to realize carbon neutrality and stable supply of affordable energy 1. Promoting energy transition There are more than 610 million children and youth in school who have not 1. Learning improvement through the development
2. Improving access to electric power in Africa of quality textbooks and learning materials
with its partners. To these ends, JICA focuses on cooperation aimed at the 3. Promoting sustainable mineral resource
reached the minimum proficiency level in literacy and numeracy.* In addition, there 2. Community-wide collaboration
development of energy transition policies and plans, the encouragement of management are significant gaps among the countries in higher education. JICA addresses 3. Improving education for leaving no one
research and development of next generation decarbonization technology, the this agenda so that all people can have access to learning opportunities and behind
promotion of carbon neutrality for regional communities, the mobilization of develop their abilities. 4. Strengthening leading universities in partner
countries
funds, and awareness-raising activities for the next generation [ see page 27].
*UNESCO Institute for Statistics, “SDG 4 DATA DIGEST 2018.”

4 Private Sector Development 9 Social Security, Disability, and Development

Fostering private enterprises and supporting economic growth in APPROACHES Making a world to live our lives with dignity APPROACHES
developing countries 1. Promoting the Africa Kaizen Initiative Through expansion of social security, improvement of the working environment, 1. Establishing a social insurance system
2. Assisting in building a start-up ecosystem for 2. Promoting social welfare
JICA strives to improve the competitiveness of entrepreneurs and businesses, creating innovation promotion of social participation of people with disabilities and mainstreaming 3. Improving the employment and working
develop industrial and investment policies and the business environment, and 3. Promoting investment and industry disability, JICA aims to realize a society where all people can live with dignity environment
improve access to finance, etc. These attempts will create an environment for development in Asia while supporting each other’s lives as members of society [ see page 31]. 4. Promoting disability-specific initiatives
the private sector to grow. JICA will also promote collaboration between local 5. Promoting disability mainstreaming initiatives
and Japanese companies and strengthen partnerships in order to increase the
economic resilience of both countries [ see page 28].

5 Agriculture and Rural Development (Sustainable Food Systems) 10 Sport and Development
Eradicate poverty and hunger by achieving sustainable agriculture APPROACHES A peaceful world where all people can enjoy sport APPROACHES

JICA cooperates to increase the productivity of agriculture, livestock, and fish- 1. The Smallholder Horticulture Empowerment Sport is borderless, transcending language and cultural differences, and can 1. Expansion of opportunities to enjoy sport
and Promotion (SHEP) Approach 2. Development of human resources with sound
eries industries through developing and disseminating production technologies 2. Promoting rice development in Africa expand people’s possibilities and lead to a step forward in building the future. spirits and bodies through sport
and effective distribution systems. JICA also contributes to the stable production 3. Building food value chains JICA contributes to the realization of a diverse and peaceful society by working 3. Promotion of social inclusion and peace
and supply of food by addressing challenges of climate change and food loss 4. Promoting the fisheries-centered Blue to create an environment where everyone can enjoy sport and to develop through sport
and waste [ see page 29]. Economy in island countries human resources through sport.
5. Promoting the “One Health” approach, including
zoonosis control, through strengthening livestock
hygiene

22 23
 About JICA: An Overview of Programs and Strategies About JICA: An Overview of Programs and Strategies

Peace Planet
11 Peacebuilding 16 Climate Change
Building peaceful and just societies without fear and violence APPROACHES Confronting the threat of climate change with partner countries APPROACHES

To mitigate conflict risks and to strengthen state and societal capacities to deal 1. Preventing conflicts and building resilient The global community must mitigate climate change—which has an enormous 1. Promoting the implementation of the Paris
states and societies through the human Agreement
with crises and threats, JICA works on capacity development and institution security approach negative impact on the economy and society—by drastically reducing green- 2. Promoting the co-benefits approach to climate
building to create governments that are trusted by the people, as well as 2. Capacity building of local governments, house gas emissions. At the same time, it must also adapt to climate change. change countermeasures
community reconciliation and the recovery, reconstruction, and development building resilient societies, and trust-building JICA will contribute to solving global issues in cooperation with partner countries
of social and human capital. 3. Promoting the Humanitarian-Development- that face the daunting task of addressing development and climate change
Peace (HDP) Nexus
simultaneously.

12 Governance 17 Natural Environment Conservation

A society where all people can live with dignity APPROACHES Inheriting the bounty of nature to the future generations APPROACHES

JICA cooperates in the development and operation of legal systems, the 1. Realizing the rule of law JICA is committed to conserving the natural environment, which is important 1. Protecting the richness of nature on the land
2. Strengthening the capacity of the civil service 2. Protecting the richness of nature in marine
improvement of public broadcasting functions, and the implementation of and human resources in the public sector for local communities and for a sustainable global environment. Based on and coastal areas
appropriate administrative services. The aim is to realize universal values such 3. Strengthening maritime security capabilities scientific evidence, JICA identifies natural assets that should be protected and
as basic human rights, freedom, and the rule of law, and to achieve a society assesses their value and current status. It also works with local communities,
in which each individual is respected as a human being. JICA supports the and utilizing traditional knowledge, aims to balance environmental conservation
strengthening of democratic and inclusive governance. with human activity [ see page 34].

13 Public Finance and Financial Systems 18 Environmental Management: JICA Clean City Initiative
Strengthening fiscal and financial foundations, aiming for economic APPROACHES Prevent environmental pollution to create clean cities for APPROACHES
stability and growth 1. Strengthening the national fiscal foundation healthy lives 1. Improving waste management and promoting
2. Strengthening connectivity through support a sound material-cycle society
JICA supports strengthening the fiscal base and developing the financial for customs modernization
In many partner countries, industrialization and urbanization are progressing 2. Promoting a healthy environment through
systems necessary to stabilize the economy and promote sustainable growth. 3. Implementing appropriate monetary policies without environmental measures, causing serious contamination of water, air, appropriate environmental regulations and
In addition, JICA contributes to enhancing trade facilitation by modernizing and developing financial systems and soil and damaging people’s health. Through measures such as waste pollution-control measures
customs administration [ see page 32]. management and the prevention of water and air pollution, JICA cooperates
in creating clean cities and aims to build sustainable societies.

14 Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment 19 Sustainable Water Resources Management and Water Supply
Toward a society where every individual, regardless of gender, can APPROACHES For a society with safe water for all people APPROACHES
fulfill their potential 1. Gender mainstreaming in the five priority JICA helps strengthen the organizations responsible for managing water 1. Resolving issues on water resources in the
cooperation areas* field through integrated water resources
JICA extends its cooperation to reform discriminatory systems and structures 2. Promotion of Gender Smart Business (GSB) resources and establish mechanisms for democratic consensus-building among management
in society and in organizations, to strengthen the agency of women and girls, 3. Elimination of sexual and gender-based stakeholders in order to resolve issues on water resources in the field. JICA 2. Supporting the growth of water utilities
and to transform the awareness and behavior of society and its people. Such violence (SGBV) creates “growing water utilities” capable of self-sustaining expansion and
cooperation contributes to building a society where every individual, regardless * (1) Women’s economic empowerment, (2) Women’s improvement of water supply services [ see page 35].
of gender, can fulfill their potential with dignity as a human being. peace and security, (3) Women’s education and lifetime
health, (4) Gender-equal governance, (5) Gender-
responsive infrastructure

15 Digital for Development 20 Disaster Risk Reduction through Pre-disaster Investment and Build Back Better
Digital transformation (DX) to improve well-being for all APPROACHES Building nations’ resilient foundation for saving lives and APPROACHES

JICA supports building a better society through utilizing digital technologies 1. Mainstreaming digital transformation (DX) for developing economy 1. Promoting structural measures to support the
effective development activities nation’s development foundation
and data to solve various problems. While establishing bases of information 2. Establishing bases for digitization
Disaster risk reduction (DRR) is the basis for development as it saves people’s 2. Strengthening overall governance for DRR,
and communication technology (ICT) with human resources development and lives and livelihoods. JICA supports programs on strengthening the capacity including nonstructural measures
industry creation, it will contribute to creating a free and safe cyberspace of partner countries to augment pre-disaster investment in DRR for the future. 3. Promoting “Build Back Better”
[ see page 33]. By 2030, JICA aims to bring about a downward global trend in the number
of deaths, people affected, and economic losses caused by natural hazards.

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 Overview of Activities and Initiatives in Fiscal 2022: Addressing the Issues Facing Developing Countries Overview of Activities and Initiatives in Fiscal 2022: Addressing the Issues Facing Developing Countries

In Practice: JICA Global Agenda No. 1 In Practice: JICA Global Agenda No. 3

Urban and Regional Development Energy and Mining

Seeking Synergy through the Integrated Development of Rail and Station Areas A Quest for 100% Renewable Energy in a Pacific Island Country
India: Project for Station Area Development at Selected Stations of the Mumbai-Ahmedabad High Speed Rail (MAHSR) Project (Project-SMART) Solomon Islands: The Project for Formulating Renewable Energy Road Map

Launch of cooperation aimed at accelerated construction also involve training and seminars for concerned officers to Energy transition needed from environmental and geothermal power in addition to existing hydropower and
of the high-speed rail deepen their knowledge about station area development. economic perspectives solar power. It carried out many analyses and simulations
India is soon expected to become the most populous There are plans as well for preparing a handbook that Given the Paris Agreement adopted at the 21st Session with regard to power supply and demand to come up with
country in the world. To meet growing passenger demand summarizes case studies of high-speed rail development of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations different scenarios in light of the 2030 targets. The project
and aim for further economic growth, the country is moving in Japan and other countries while referencing the Indian Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP21) in then compared and weighed these scenarios. The project
forward with the construction of the high-speed rail that government’s own vision of the development of a coun- 2015, JICA works on promoting energy transition to help also worked on capacity development at the working-level
will link large cities in western India that are the key drivers try-wide high-speed rail network. achieve carbon neutrality. by, for example, providing officials at Solomon Power, the
for a robust economy. Japan has long experience in achieving synergy through country’s electricity authority, with training in optimal source
JICA has already cooperated in the opening of MAHSR, the simultaneous development of rail lines and station planning and grid analysis.
India’s first high-speed rail, which will cover a distance areas to improve passenger convenience and facilitate the The road map thus formulated sets out the target of
of some 500 kilometers between Mumbai, the country’s economic development of surrounding areas. More recently, increasing the share of renewable energy to 100% by 2030
second-largest city, and Ahmedabad, one of the largest Japan has been promoting transit-oriented development in the Honiara area in the rainy season, when hydraulic
industrial cities in India, in about two hours. Detailed design (TOD)* from the perspective of reducing the environmental power output is at its peak. This target considers such
for MAHSR started in 2016 and construction work began in impact. The Indian government expresses high expectations factors as a delay in the development of power sources
2020. At the same time, JICA has been providing training for development cooperation that leverages such experi- due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
in delivering safe and scheduled services. ence and expertise of Japan. In July 2022, the Solomon Islands government announced
To enhance the convenience and economic benefits the adoption of this road map as a formal plan. Efforts are
*TOD refers to an approach of developing a compact city that does not depend
of the high-speed rail, it is necessary to formulate urban on private automobiles by concentrating urban infrastructure in and around public
now underway in line with it.
development plans for areas around the stations aimed transportation hubs such as railroad stations.
at improving access to stations and adjacent commercial
facilities and offices as well as facilitating transfers to other
public transportation services. As such, JICA launched a VOICE VOICE
separate project in February 2023 to cooperate in station
area development planning along the MAHSR corridor. This project is a source of pride for us A concrete road map completed
D Thara A solar-power generating facility near Honiara Airport, one of the largest of
such facilities in the Solomon Islands
High expectations for Japan’s experience and expertise Additional Secretary, Ministry of Housing
JICA expert
and Urban Affairs of India
Among the 12 stations that will be constructed along Masahiko Nagai
MAHSR, this project focuses on four as model stations Station area development and TOD in In the Solomon Islands, a Pacific island country vulnerable Tokyo Electric Power Services Co., Ltd.
to formulate station area development plans that aim to Japan are quite interesting. Regional to rising sea levels due to global warming, climate action
achieve synergy between high-speed rail and station area development integrated with high-speed rail has a huge is an urgent and top-priority issue. It also depends heavily In this project, the road map has been completed in joint
development. impact both directly and indirectly. It will likely pave the way on diesel power generation, which is prone to fluctuations work with technical experts and other experts in such
The project will start by analyzing characteristics of the for economic revitalization, comfortable urban environment, in fuel prices. fields as economics, finance, and related institutions.
four model stations and challenges they face in light of their and job creation. Being able to contribute to the most To defuse this situation, the Solomon Islands government The effective interdisciplinary collaboration, as originally
location and the status of development of the surrounding important project for the Indian government is a source of set the goal of achieving 100% renewable energy in Honiara, expected, coupled with strong ownership on the Solomon
pride for all the people involved in the project. Islands side, has made it possible to develop a highly
areas. This will be followed by development planning at the capital city, by 2030 and across the country by 2050.
each site according to above conditions. The project will To deploy renewables full-scale, however, many challenges feasible road map that reflects the realities of diverse
issues.
With an eye on region-wide economic growth must be overcome, such as securing development financing
and the participation of independent power producers, the
JICA expert
Seiichiro Akimura
effective operation of hydroelectric plants and the grid,
Japan International Consultants for and developing relevant institutions and implementation
Transportation Co., Ltd. structure.
Station area development along the high-
speed rail is expected to make a signif- Weighing different scenarios
icant contribution to economic growth and environmental Responding to the request of the Solomon Islands
improvement for the whole region. I try to link station area government, JICA launched this project in August 2019
development with regional industrial promotion and wider to formulate a road map for the further deployment of
socioeconomic activity, including commuting, to achieve renewables by 2030.
sufficient project effectiveness. The project explored the potential for developing JICA experts discussing with SIEA officials
Construction is underway at Surat Station, one of the project sites. new power sources such as wind power, biomass, and

26 27
 Overview of Activities and Initiatives in Fiscal 2022: Addressing the Issues Facing Developing Countries Overview of Activities and Initiatives in Fiscal 2022: Addressing the Issues Facing Developing Countries

In Practice: JICA Global Agenda No. 4 In Practice: JICA Global Agenda No. 5

Private Sector Development Agriculture and Rural Development (Sustainable Food Systems)

Supporting Start-ups that Tackle Social Issues For Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Resources
Ethiopia: Start-up Ecosystem Advisor/Project NINJA Fiji: Project on Pacific Islands Capacity Enhancement for Achieving SDG 14

A new approach to addressing challenges facing the 2022 and June 2023, respectively. Two of the start-ups Pacific island countries (PICs) are losing “life below One such project is titled “Sustainable Use and
developing world took this opportunity to conclude a development partnership water” Management of Fishery Resources by Lautoka Fishers
Several start-ups are seeing rapid growth by tackling with an Indian start-up in a major fresh food supply chain People in PICs have lived with the sea from time imme- Cooperative Limited (LFCL).” At Lautoka Fishing Port,
increasingly compounded social issues in developing in India. morial. Local fishery resources constitute a valuable asset which boasts the largest fish catches in Fiji, a poor sense
countries with innovative products and business models. In As part of its support under the acceleration program, that has shaped societies, economies, and cultures unique of hygiene, as represented by the practice of putting fish
January 2020, JICA launched Project NINJA (Next Innovation JICA screened 114 start-ups that had applied for the program to the Pacific islands. In recent years, such life has been on the ground to sell, meant poor quality and low prices.
with Japan) to support such start-ups and entrepreneurs to select 30 finalists in light of such criteria as competitive being lost as it is increasingly exposed to multiple threats This situation prompted JICA to help launch LFCL. JICA
in partner countries. The project organizes business plan advantage and social impact. In January 2023, JICA pro- such as overfishing, marine pollution, and climate change. provided LFCL members with training in hygienic treatment
competitions to promote entrepreneurship, implements vided these 30 finalists with one-week training to teach and processing of fish and supported this fishery co-op with
acceleration programs to support business growth, and pitch skills, and after two pitch contests, JICA selected six the purchase of showcases, freezers, and other equipment.
facilitates business matching between companies and outstanding start-ups. JICA aims to help achieve SDG 14 through the prevention
investors. These six firms will receive four-month training in business of overfishing by supporting LFCL adding value to the fish
In Ethiopia, one of the target countries, there are not development to engage in a proof of concept (POC). They it catches as well as managing fishery resources through
many entrepreneurs. Government officials need to obtain will also participate in training in Japan, where they will meticulous collection of fishery data.
knowledge about start-ups and investment; relevant interact with accelerators and investors. From 2023, JICA plans to expand these efforts in Fiji to
legislation and policy are also not fully in place. other PICs. It also plans to offer training and other oppor-
tunities for PICs to learn from one another about fishery
Cultivation through an acceleration program knowledge and the experience they have accumulated
In September 2021, JICA dispatched an expert as a through JICA’s cooperation.
start-up ecosystem advisor to Ethiopia to work on the
improvement of relevant policies and institutions and to VOICE
cultivate entrepreneurs in cooperation with the Ministry
A lot closer to my goal VOICE
of Innovation and Technology (MInT) through business
development training and other means. Initiatives included Expand Fiji’s achievement across the region
further development of the Start-up Ecosystem, an envi-
Daniel Getachew MoF officials learning skills in hygienically treating and processing marine
ronment where innovative start-ups are born continuously CEO, Guzo Technologies PLC products in a training session JICA expert
and autonomously. Minoru Tamura
More recently, JICA, together with MInT officials and 16
start-ups, participated in one of the world’s largest tech I got useful information for my business from industrial As one of the SDGs, the international community ad-
events, which was held in Dubai and Morocco in October leaders at the tech event in Dubai. The acceleration program vocates “Life below water” (SDG 14). Little progress has To enhance the capacity of fishery officials in PICs, it is
was very practical. It moved me a lot closer to the goal of been made, however, in taking specific action to this end important for MoF fishery officials to assume their lead-
contributing to tourism promotion with extended reality or in Fiji and other PICs due to chronic shortages of human ership and share their knowledge and experience with
XR [virtual reality, etc.] technology that can simulate the
resources and revenue sources. neighboring communities and countries. In fact, officials
experience of Ethiopia’s cultural heritage. who have already participated in JICA’s fishery trainings
Taking on challenges with a practical project took the first step to apply their technical knowledge and
JICA launched this project in December 2020 to develop experiences for fishery management in other communities.
Working on ecosystem development JICA plans to expand this achievement and other outcomes
human resources so that PICs can sustain actions aimed at
across the region.
achieving SDG 14. The first component of the project was
JICA expert capacity development for officials at the Ministry of Fisheries
Sachiko Hara
Start-up Ecosystem Advisor (MoF) of Fiji, a country situated at the center of the South
Pacific that hosts the secretariats of several international
organizations.
In cooperation with MInT officials, I work on business support
In collaboration with the University of the South Pacific
programs, training on legislation and policy, and training for
start-up support organizations to impart expertise. My goal
(USP) and the Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC),
is to develop the ecosystem further so that more start-ups JICA provided a total of 200 MoF officials with training
will be born in Ethiopia, which in turn will hopefully help in fishery resources management, aquaculture, and fish
solve social issues such as job creation. processing. To put the knowledge and skills they acquired The opening ceremony for a fishery training program co-organized
into practice, these officials now plan and implement small by JICA and USP
Ethiopian start-up managers at a pitch event in GITEX GLOBAL, held in Dubai projects by themselves.

28 29
 Overview of Activities and Initiatives in Fiscal 2022: Addressing the Issues Facing Developing Countries Overview of Activities and Initiatives in Fiscal 2022: Addressing the Issues Facing Developing Countries

In Practice: JICA Global Agenda No. 6 In Practice: JICA Global Agenda No. 9

Health Social Security, Disability, and Development

The Industrial, Governmental, and Academic Sectors in Brazil and Japan Collaborate to Fight Infection Improving the Job Environment to Promote Social Participation of Persons with Disabilities
Brazil: Project for the Establishment of a Research and Reference Collaborative System for Mongolia: Project for Promoting Employment of Persons with Disabilities (DPUB2) and other projects
the Diagnoses of Fungal Infections Including Drug-Resistant Ones both in Brazil and Japan

Establishing the basis for joint research with one of the largest death tolls in the world. While Training Mongolia’s first job coaches laying the groundwork for employment support services
There are reported cases in which COVID-19 patients the whole world was in turmoil, Brazilian and Japanese Mongolia has been making progress in the social by job coaches.
develop fungal infections and follow a fatal course in many universities promptly took the initiative to launch a joint participation of persons with disabilities (PWDs) since the Apart from the groundwork, it is also important to en-
parts of the world. The similarity between fungi (molds) COVID-19 case conference, where participants shared the establishment of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act courage more businesses to hire persons with disabilities.
and human cells makes it difficult to develop therapeutic latest cases and therapies. This cross-border forum was in 2016. In 2017, the promotion of the employment of PWDs The project is presenting cases in which companies have
medication that is effective only for fungi without harming held online as many as 24 times from June 2020, and it became a national goal. hired PWDs to businesses and citizens via web media. It
the human body. Moreover, the emergence of drug-resistant served as psychological support for the frontline medical In response, JICA and the Ministry of Labor and Social is also showcasing employment support services provided
fungi has become a global issue. professionals in both countries who had to fight the then Protection (MLSP) of Mongolia launched this project in 2021. by job coaches through awareness-raising seminars.
In Brazil, there are many pulmonary tuberculosis patients, unknown virus. The project is promoting the social participation of PWDs by In April 2023, JICA launched a separate project aimed
whose condition can deteriorate through fungal infections. Industry-government-academia collaboration also played training job coaches, a profession that does not yet exist at employment assistance for people in need in Mongolia,
a part. The University of Campinas of Brazil undertook in the country, whose job is to assist PWDs in adapting to whose numbers had grown due to the pandemic, in re-
clinical trials to evaluate the performance of a COVID-19 the workplace, and by providing PWDs and employers with building their lives with a focus on employment. The new
detection reagent developed by a Japanese manufacturer. specialized employment support services. project is expected to help shape a safety net not only for
The trials confirmed the effectiveness of the reagent, paving The project has started to provide people aspiring to PWDs and also for the socially vulnerable as a whole.
the way for continued cooperation toward its use in a clinical serve as job coaches—such as members of NGOs working
setting. to support PWDs and organizations of PWDs —with training
in learning the basics of employment support, including
the concept and service details of job coaching. Since VOICE
July 2022, a pilot project has been underway to offer Public awareness of PWDs has changed
VOICE
employment support services to PWDs.
Project outcomes have taken root
Sandag Tungalagtamir
Guidelines approved by a ministerial decree Director, Population Development Policy
To make this employment support sustainable, the Implementation Coordination Department,
Maria Luiza Moretti
Vice-rector, São Paulo State University of Mongolian government decided to grant subsidies to job MLSP
Brazilian and Japanese medical professionals conducting a drug
sensitivity test for fungi.
Campinas coaches who have provided such services. The project
took this opportunity and worked with MLSP to come up I have been working with JICA to conduct many activities
with a set of guidelines that define job coaching, detail aimed at promoting the social participation of persons with
This project produced many outputs, including various
However, the actual status of drug-resistant fungi in the employment support, list subsidy amounts, and show how disabilities (PWDs). As a result, more and more people in
trainings, research on drug-resistant fungi, development of
to apply for the subsidies. The guidelines were approved Mongolia now think that disabilities are created by society,
country remains unknown. Focusing on this situation, a joint a fungal infection database, and COVID-related emergency
not by PWDs themselves, and that it is the duty of society to
research project between the São Paulo State University of assistance. The project also developed a framework of in the form of a ministerial decree of MLSP in May 2022,
remove such impediments to daily and social life. Progress
Campinas (UNICAMP) of Brazil and Chiba University of Japan collaboration among the major hospitals of Campinas that
has also been made in developing both relevant human
was launched in September 2017. The project, which was has now firmly taken root. Even today, a weekly meeting is
resources and the capacity of organizations of PWDs.
undertaken under the Science and Technology Research held to share case and other information.
Partnership for Sustainable Development (SATREPS), was
designed to assess the status quo of drug-resistant fungi We will make good use of Employment support for 200 PWDs annually
and establish a sustainable base of relevant research. the research base established in the project
Supported by JICA and the Japan Agency for Medical
JICA expert
Research and Development (AMED), this project worked JICA expert
Hisao Chiba
Akira Watanabe
on a number of aspects, including the development of a Associate Professor, Medical Mycology Koei Research & Consulting Inc.
simple and quick method to detect drug-resistant fungi; the Research Center, Chiba University
development of a bio-resource bank to store pathogenic As of March 2023, there were 26 job coaches under contract
fungi and a database of fungal infection cases; and the One of the major outcomes of this project is the strong to the General Agency for Development of Persons with
deployment of a testing technique that uses the LAMP joint research team formed by the Brazilian and Japanese Disabilities, which is under the jurisdiction of MLSP. These
method, a gene amplification technology. universities. Our university benefited much from the research job coaches support 77 PWDs. We are planning to increase
on diseases that are rare in Japan. Going forward, we intend the number of job coaches to support 200 PWDs annually.
Solidarity developed between Brazilian and Japanese to make the most of this research platform to address health JICA’s cooperation since 2016 has created a virtuous circle
medical professionals amid the pandemic challenges not only for the two countries but also for the of human resources development, institution building, and
whole world. policy implementation.
The COVID-19 pandemic spread rapidly when the project
was underway. Brazil was among the hardest hit countries Mongolian disabled supporters aspiring to become job coaches at a training session

30 31
 Overview of Activities and Initiatives in Fiscal 2022: Addressing the Issues Facing Developing Countries Overview of Activities and Initiatives in Fiscal 2022: Addressing the Issues Facing Developing Countries

In Practice: JICA Global Agenda No. 13 In Practice: JICA Global Agenda No. 15

Public Finance and Financial Systems Digital for Development

Improving Cross-border Procedures to Expand Intraregional Trade For the Use and Application of AI Technology through Private-Public-Academia Collaboration
Subregional Africa: The Project for Capacity Development on Smooth Operation of OSBPs on the North-South Transport Corridor Jordan: The Project for Promoting the Artificial Intelligence Ecosystem

Impediments to smoother cross-border movement border agencies, the project revised the OSBP Procedures Revitalizing a faltering economy (POCs) aimed at solving social issues with the help of AI
In Africa, where countries usually share borders with Manuals to streamline the procedures. Amid tremendous progress in digital technology, it’s technology. The AI steering committee will select each POC
multiple neighbors and are often landlocked, smoother By using these manuals, the project provided workshops utilization and application to solve various development from more than 40 candidate POCs that MoDEE has devised
intraregional trade via land transportation is considered and training sessions to develop the capacity of border challenges of developing countries is highly anticipated. in such sectors as e-government, agriculture, education, and
key to further development. Nevertheless, cross-border agency officers. In February 2023, a total of 20 border agen- Jordan is seeing its economy falter due in large part to energy, based on an analysis of the feasibility, impact, and
cargo transportation has been a time-consuming process cy officers from the four countries covered by the project, fallout from the COVID-19 pandemic and instability in neigh- risk of these prospective POCs. For each POC thus selected,
because customs clearance procedures are necessary at namely Botswana, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe, boring countries. Particularly high youth unemployment is private companies, universities, and research institutions
each border. visited OSBPs in East Africa to learn the advanced practices serious. Furthermore, as sources of foreign currency are will be invited to form a triple-sector POC consortium.
there. The project also identified issues to be addressed largely limited to tourism, the impact of the pandemic was The cycle of POC selection, public invitation, and im-
to introduce OSBPs across Africa and cooperated with the significant. plementation will be repeated four times to build an AI
revision of the OSBP Sourcebook, a set of guidelines for To rectify the situation, the Jordanian government ecosystem for Jordan. This cycle is expected to promote the
operating OSBPs. These are some of the project outcomes endeavors to promote wider use of artificial intelligence use and application of AI technology in the three sectors,
that affect countries in Africa beyond the target countries (AI) technology. It established the Ministry of Digital which in turn is expected to create innovative businesses
in the project. Economy and Entrepreneurship (MoDEE) in 2019 to foster and jobs and improve the country’s public services and
These JICA efforts are highly appreciated by the African entrepreneurs, promote electronic payment, and develop industrial competitiveness in the world.
Union Development Agency (AUDA-NEPAD) and other re- digital skills. For wider use and application of AI technology,
gional organizations as contributing to regional integration. the government aims to build an AI ecosystem designed
to organically connect businesses, universities, and local
governments. VOICE
Making Jordan an advanced AI country in
VOICE Conducting POCs through private-public-academia the world
A wider impact of cooperation collaboration
In December 2022, JICA launched this project to co- Lama Arabiat
Kazungula OSBP, connecting Zambia and Botswana operate with the Jordanian government in these efforts. Head of the Artificial Intelligence
JICA expert The project established an AI steering committee made up Division, Ministry of Digital Economy and
Takeshi Shimomura Entrepreneurship of Jordan
PADECO Co., Ltd.
of key individuals from the private, public, and academic
One-stop border posts (OSBPs) offer a solution to this sectors as well as a secretariat for the committee. JICA Wider use and application of AI under this project will make
problem. OSBPs enable efficient movement of people and and MoDEE provide advice to the steering committee and cross-cutting and significant progress in various sectors. The
goods by integrating the border facilities of the exit country The impact of cooperation is spreading. In the four target support the management of the secretariat. development of relevant laws and systems under the project
and the entry country into one, or conducting immigration countries, border agency officers are now sharing the The project plans to conduct four proofs of concept will also create new industries and improve citizens’ lives.
knowledge and expertise they have learned in the project
and customs clearance procedures only in the border facility Making Jordan an AI advanced country in the Middle East
with those along other national borders in other parts
of the entry country. By April 2022, 13 OSBPs were operated of their countries. Such developments under the project
and the world—that is my goal.
in East Africa but only three in Southern Africa. These three constitute a major achievement. We will continue to
OSBPs had a number of problems, one of which was a more support these developments by building the operational
time-consuming border-crossing process than at OSBPs in and administrative capacity of the three OSBPs in the four I received words of gratitude from the Minister
other regions. countries to help expand intraregional trade.
JICA launched this project in August 2020 to build the
JICA expert
operational and administrative capacity of border agency Yoichi Kogure
officers at the three OSBPs, which are situated along the Japan Development Service Co., Ltd.
North-South Corridor, a key transportation route in Southern
Africa. When I made suggestions about future plans of operation and
criteria for selecting POCs, the Ministry of Digital Economy
Cooperation in developing the capacity of border and Entrepreneurship, which is well versed in the IT industry
agency officers and the latest developments in cutting-edge technologies,
The project conducted a survey of the time needed to praised me with a word of gratitude. The Jordanian side is
complete customs clearance procedures, analyzed such committed to the project and very cooperative. Stakeholder
procedures, and reviewed the operational structure at A meeting with Zimbabwean officials in the border city of consultation and information gathering are continuing
each OSBP. Revealing such problems as duplication of Beitbridge Explaining the project to the Minister of Digital Economy and Entrepreneurship smoothly.
immigration control and quarantine procedures between and other stakeholders in Jordan

32 33
 Overview of Activities and Initiatives in Fiscal 2022: Addressing the Issues Facing Developing Countries Overview of Activities and Initiatives in Fiscal 2022: Addressing the Issues Facing Developing Countries

In Practice: JICA Global Agenda No. 17 In Practice: JICA Global Agenda No. 19

Natural Environment Conservation Sustainable Water Resources Management and Water Supply

Aiming to Recover Tree Cover to 30% by 2032 Delivering Safe and Affordable Water to All
Kenya: Project for Strengthening Forestry Sector Development and Community Resilience to Cambodia: The Project for Expansion of the Phum Prek Water Supply System and other projects
Climate Change through Sustainable Forest Management and Landscape Restoration

Reforestation and deforestation reduction in In this project, which started in February 2022, JICA New and emerging issues after the “Miracle of Law, which stipulates, among other things, the approval
urgent need cooperates with the Ministry of Environment, Climate Phnom Penh” and authorization of water supply business and the setting
In Kenya, where the arid and semiarid lands (ASALs) Change and Forestry (MECC&F) of Kenya in strengthening In 1993, JICA began to provide cooperation in waterworks of water charges. It also worked on developing the capacity
account for around 80% of the country, valuable forest its forest policy formulation and implementation capacity development in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, a country ravaged of government officials responsible for supervising private
resources are being lost due in large part to population by using the NFMS. The project is promoting commercial by a long-lasting civil war. Only ten years later, the capital water supply operators. The project led to the promulgation
growth and land use change. Moreover, for three years forestry, which brings economic benefits, as well as breed city was able to supply high-quality water, drinkable directly of the Clean Water Management Law in March 2023. It is
since 2020, the country has seen a serious decrease in varieties that fit the semiarid zone. Through these activities, from the tap, 24 hours a day every day. This dramatic now expected that the quality of water supply services
rainfall. According to an UN estimate, 2.5 million animals the project aims to cultivate Kenya’s forestry industry and change, known as the “Miracle of Phnom Penh,” astonished across Cambodia, including those provided by the private
strengthen the resilience of local communities to climate the world. sector, will be improved.
change, thus helping achieve the government target for tree Economic and population growth, however, have pushed For the past three decades, JICA has continuously been
cover. MECC&F officials are taking various opportunities up demand for water in and around the capital, posing a cooperating in water service development in Cambodia.
to share these activities with other African countries. challenge requiring immediate attention. Meanwhile, there Now many people involved in water supply in Asia and
The project has also launched a program to plant were also issues outside the metropolitan area. In provincial Africa visit Cambodia to learn about these experiences.
Adansonia digitata (Baobab) and Melia volkensii (Melia) cities, where over 400 private water utilities, large and *The total cost incurred for the life cycle of a facility, including the costs of construction,
at four primary schools. Young leaves of Baobab are rich small, provide water supply services, not all could manage operation, maintenance, repair, dismantlement, and disposal.
in nutrition and thus useful for child nutrition improvement. water treatment plants or control water quality sufficiently.
Melia is expected to help develop local industries such as
those using it for school desks, which are in short supply. Addressing water challenges in both the metropolitan
area and provincial cities VOICE
In November 2022, JICA launched a Grant for the We work with JICA to implement
VOICE expansion of Phum Prek Water Treatment Plant, which the water law
We gained a lot at COP27 supplies water to Phnom Penh. Under the Grant project,
water treatment facilities will be expanded, followed by Tan Sokchea
JICA expert
ten years of operation and maintenance by a Japanese Director General, General Department of
enterprise aiming at a reduction of the life cycle cost.* Potable Water, Ministry of Industry, Science,
A JICA counterpart teaching how to prune a Melia tree, an indigenous Yasuko Inoue Technology & Innovation of Cambodia
drought-resistant species Forestry Agency, Ministry of Agriculture, During this period, the Japanese enterprise will transfer
Forestry and Fisheries of Japan their expertise in preventative maintenance and inventory The promulgation of the Clean Water Management Law
control, as well as in developing the capacity of employees. was a major milestone for the Cambodian water sector.
have died and some 940,000 children under age five are Four JICA counterparts at MECC&F and I participated in The idea is to allow the Cambodian side to operate services What is needed from now is the development of relevant
in a state of malnutrition. a side event of the 27th Session of the Conference of the more efficiently than ever. cabinet and ministerial orders, the formulation of operational
Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on
Laying out a target of recovering tree cover to 30% Earlier, in 2018, JICA initiated a technical cooperation and maintenance plans, and capacity-building for more
Climate Change (COP27), held in November 2022. The
by 2032, the Kenyan government has been working on side event attracted the attention of the international
project aimed at stable supply of safe and affordable water efficient management of water supply services. We will
watershed conservation, afforestation, reforestation, and community as it provided an opportunity to share the all across Cambodia, including provincial cities. The project continue working with JICA to ensure that the Clean Water
the reduction of deforestation and forest degradation. cooperated in establishing the Clean Water Management Management Law is properly implemented.
experiences of people who had been involved in building
the NFMSs of their countries, including Kenya. The Kenyan
Sustainable forest management through counterparts told me that the event made them more Answering to expectations from
economically viable afforestation motivated to continue with what they had been doing. the Cambodian side
JICA and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)
JICA expert
developed and are operating together the JICA-JAXA Koichi Okazaki
Tropical Forest Early Warning System (JJ-FAST), which al- Nihon Suido Consultants Co., Ltd.
lows online monitoring of changes in forests in 77 countries
A major feature of the Project for
in the world. Using JJ-FAST data, JICA cooperated in the Expansion of Phum Prek Water Treatment
development of the National Forest Monitoring System Plant is that a Japanese enterprise will operate the facili-
(NFMS) of Kenya: a reliable system that can monitor the ties. From the preparatory phase of this project, we felt the
amounts of greenhouse gases (GHGs) absorbed and emitted Cambodian side’s expectations to utilize the technology and
by forests at the national level. Such specific data can serve expertise of Japanese private companies. My hope is that
as a foundation for making initiatives such as national policy this cooperation will further develop the trusting relationship
decisions and thus greatly contribute to increasing tree A COP27 side event where JICA counterparts made a presentation between the two countries.
cover and reducing GHG emissions. A rendering of the Phum Prek Water Treatment Plant after the expansion

34 35
 Overview of Activities and Initiatives in Fiscal 2022: Overview by Region Overview of Activities and Initiatives in Fiscal 2022: Overview by Region

Overview by Region

JICA operates in some 140 developing countries and regions.

Different developing countries face quite different development issues.
Based on analysis of the varying conditions and the needs of these countries and regions, and the aim for achieving
human security and quality growth in them, JICA strategically formulates and implements programs while factoring in the
Japanese government’s policies and commitments as well as its available cooperation modes and budgetary allocations.

Notes)
•The figures show the total value of
JICA programs in each region, including
Technical Cooperation (Training Partic-
ipants, Experts, Study Teams, Provision
of Equipment, Japan Overseas Coop-
eration Volunteers [JOCVs], Other vol-
unteers, and Other costs), Finance and
Investment Cooperation (commitment
amount), and Grants (newly concluded
G/As) in fiscal 2022.
•Figures exclude JICA’s cooperation for
multiple countries or multiple regions
and international organizations.

East Asia, Central Asia, and Latin America and

Programs by Region (Fiscal 2022) Africa Middle East and Europe South Asia the Caucasus Southeast Asia and Pacific the Caribbean
Cooperation with Cooperation with Cooperation with Cooperation with Cooperation with Cooperation with

48 countries 22 countries and regions 8 countries 9 countries 22 countries 30 countries

Total value of JICA programs Total value of JICA programs Total value of JICA programs Total value of JICA programs Total value of JICA programs Total value of JICA programs

¥ 182.5 billion ¥ 386.7 billion ¥ 987.3 billion ¥ 44.6 billion ¥ 896.4 billion ¥ 178.5 billion
Photo for South Asia: Nippon Koei Co., Ltd.
Photo for East Asia, Central Asia, and the Caucasus:
Atsushi Shibuya

36 37
 Overview of Activities and Initiatives in Fiscal 2022: Overview by Region Overview of Activities and Initiatives in Fiscal 2022: Overview by Region

Southeast Asia The Pacific

Working with Public and Private Partners to Promote Regional Development, Peace, Shaping a Sustainable Future of Pacific Island Countries
and Stability and to Reduce Intraregional Disparities
Technical Technical
Grants Cooperation Grants Cooperation
Southeast Asia 7. Establishing and implementing operations provided training in clearing landmines and Meeting (PALM 9) held in July 2021, JICA’s
that meet the needs of the times 20,752 million ¥28,086 million
¥
unexploded ordnance to officials from the cooperation for the region revolves around ¥4,028 million ¥3,958 million
Growing importance of ASEAN countries JICA’s partners in Southeast Asia are not State Emergency Service of Ukraine [ see the following five priority areas:
to Japan limited to governments. JICA also works page 16]. 1. COVID-19 response and recovery
Member states of the Association of with businesses, universities and research A new form of bilateral cooperation took 2. Sustainable oceans based on the rule of
Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) constitute institutions, the ASEAN Secretariat, and Total value of place in relation to Thailand when JICA sup- law: maritime law enforcement, fishery Total value of
JICA programs in JICA programs in
a cornerstone of a Free and Open Indo-Pacific other development organizations to develop fiscal 2022 ported the acceptance of a Thai volunteer resources management, and solid waste fiscal 2022
(FOIP), a vision advocated by the Japanese
government. Despite the fallout from the
infrastructure and human resources.
¥888,402 million that the Thailand International Cooperation
Agency (TICA) sent to Japan for a stint as an
management [ see page 29]
3. Climate change and disaster resilience:
¥7,986 million
COVID-19 pandemic, ASEAN countries have Expanding cooperation beyond international tourism promoter in a Japanese promoting the deployment of renewables
been maintaining rapid economic growth. pre-pandemic levels; a new initiative local government. This was the first time TICA and capacity development for disaster
They are more important economic partners In fiscal 2022, JICA provided cooperation dispatched such a volunteer to Japan. management agencies [ see page 27].
than ever to Japan in terms of trade and aimed at supporting the recovery of economic Finance and
Investment Cooperation
4. Strengthening the foundation for sustain-
investment. and social activities from the fallout from ¥839,565 million able and resilient economic development:
Nevertheless, development issues for the the pandemic. Such cooperation included The Pacific developing transport, ICT, and other infra-
region are becoming increasingly sophisti- emergency budget support for the Philippines structure; promoting trade and investment;
cated and complex, pointing to enormous and Thailand to help them cope with the Total value of JICA programs by country Deep relations with Pacific island building resilience in public finance; and Total value of JICA programs by country
development needs in both socioeconomic COVID-19 crisis. In addition, JICA increased Philippines ¥418,245 million countries (PICs) strengthening governance Palau ¥3,154 million
infrastructure and human resources devel- both the dispatch of experts to the region and Indonesia ¥284,945 million Japan and Pacific island countries (PICs) 5. People-to-people exchanges and human Vanuatu ¥1,391 million
opment. the acceptance of training participants and Cambodia ¥63,934 million share the Pacific Ocean, a global public resources development: inviting potential Papua New Guinea ¥862 million
students from the region to pre-pandemic Thailand ¥63,790 million good, and have historical and long-lasting future leaders to Japan for study, providing Tonga ¥651 million
Viet Nam ¥28,653 million Fiji ¥609 million
Seven operational focus areas levels. JICA also increased Finance and relations. Sustainable development in the training, dispatching JICA volunteers, and
Laos ¥18,651 million Marshall Islands ¥547 million
To support development, peace, and Investment Cooperation and Grants for the Timor-Leste ¥7,952 million
Pacific region will help to further strengthen supporting regional exchanges Solomon Islands ¥332 million
stability in Southeast Asia and to help reduce region. As a result, the total amount of newly Myanmar ¥1,286 million bilateral relations between Japan and PICs. Samoa ¥322 million
intraregional disparities, JICA focuses on committed ODA Loans for the Philippines and Malaysia ¥947 million PICs have diverse languages and their own In fiscal 2022, as the COVID-19 situation Federated States of ¥72 million
seven operational areas: for Indonesia for the fiscal year were both the cultures and customs. While their develop- was improving, JICA expanded the number Micronesia
Note) For the total value of JICA programs, Kiribati ¥40 million
1. Strengthening connectivity within the largest ever. These loans covered an urban see the note on “Programs by Region” on ment status also differs, they face common of experts sent to the region. For example,
Tuvalu ¥5 million
ASEAN region railway and other projects. page 37. Totals may not add up due to issues derived from the common challenges it started to dispatch advisors on public Cook Islands ¥2 million
rounding.
2. Promoting quality growth For about 20 years, JICA has been provid- unique to island countries: they are small, investment management to Papua New Nauru ¥1 million
3. Creating a society with dignity based on ing cooperation for peace and development isolated, remote, and oceanic. Japan and the Guinea and Solomon Islands as well as a
Note) For the total value of JICA programs,
human security in such sectors as health, in the Mindanao region of the Philippines. In PICs have been holding a summit-level meet- debt management advisor to Tonga. JICA see the note on “Programs by Region” on
education, and disaster risk reduction January 2023, the Bangsamoro Transition ing called Pacific Islands Leaders Meeting also accepted more training participants, page 37. Totals may not add up due to
rounding.
4. Promoting climate actions, including de- Authority Parliament adopted a resolution (PALM) every three years since 1997, where including 36 long-term participants who
carbonization expressing appreciation for JICA’s continued leaders discuss various challenges faced by began to study at Japanese universities under
5. Developing human resources: leaders and cooperation in this endeavor. In Cambodia, in the region and its countries. the SDGs Global Leadership Program, which
administrative officers who will steer each cooperation with the Cambodian Mine Action is designed to train personnel who are future
ASEAN country in the future Center (CMAC), with which JICA has been Delivering cooperation based on PALM potential leaders in their countries.
6. Addressing vulnerabilities in the region cooperating for 25 years, JICA and CMAC Based on the Ninth Pacific Islands Leaders

Viet Nam: A ceremony for the launch of a test run in the Ho Chi Minh City Urban Railway Palau: An opening ceremony in May 2022 for a new airport terminal constructed under the
Construction Project (Ben Thanh–Suoi Tien Section (Line 1)) in December 2022. With Japan’s Renovation, Expansion and Management of Palau International Airport Project, JICA’s first
development cooperation, Viet Nam is constructing an urban railway that includes the country’s first Private-Sector Investment Finance project in the Pacific. The airport is operated utilizing
underground section. The railway is expected to take root as a popular means of transportation. Japanese expertise.

38 39
 Overview of Activities and Initiatives in Fiscal 2022: Overview by Region Overview of Activities and Initiatives in Fiscal 2022: Overview by Region

East Asia, Central Asia, and the Caucasus South Asia

Aiming for Stability and Independent Development in the Region Building Resilient Social Systems for Regional Stability and Development

The need to reduce dependence on Securing self-reliance and stability of the Technical A region heavily influenced by global For Pakistan, JICA provided emergency relief Technical
Grants Cooperation Grants Cooperation
natural resources and neighboring countries in the region is essential to the dynamics and climate change supplies in the wake of floods. It also coop-
countries and to foster domestic industries stability of the entire Eurasian continent. 3,534 million
¥ ¥ 5,325 million South Asia is a geopolitically important erated in the analyses led by international 21,980 million ¥17,933 million
¥

JICA operates ODA in nine developing With this understanding, JICA focuses on region that connects Southeast Asia with organizations to assess the extent of damage
countries in East Asia, Central Asia, and the (1) strengthening governance, including the Middle East and Africa. With a population and identify what assistance was needed for
Caucasus: Mongolia, the five Central Asian legal system development; (2) industrial of approximately 1.9 billion, a quarter of the reconstruction efforts.
countries, and the three Caucasus countries, diversification, which involves stimulating Total value of global population, with nearly half under age Across the entire region, JICA focused Total value of
JICA programs in JICA programs in
all of which are situated in Inland Asia. private sector–led economic activity and fiscal 2022 25,*1 the region is experiencing significant on climate actions, such as disaster risk fiscal 2022
Although Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan,
Azerbaijan, and Uzbekistan are endowed
promoting small and medium enterprises;
(3) infrastructure development, including
¥ 44,577 million growth in consumption and labor markets.
Tapping into the potential of this youth
reduction (DRR) and afforestation. Combining
various methods of cooperation, JICA also
¥ 987,294 million
with energy and mineral resources, they are the construction of airports and power plants population, development of human resources worked on a range of other issues such as (1)
vulnerable to fluctuations in global commod- that help strengthen intra- and interregional and infrastructure is required to sustain eco- developing infrastructure; (2) improving the
ity prices. Thus they need to reduce their connectivity; and (4) human resources devel- nomic development. Meanwhile, the number investment environment; (3) improving access
dependence on natural resources. The Kyrgyz opment, which involves Japan Centers for Finance and
Investment Cooperation
of people in absolute poverty in the region is to basic human needs, including education; Finance and
Investment Cooperation
Republic and Tajikistan, on the other hand, Human Development and JICA’s scholarship ¥35,718 million about 150 million, or a quarter of the world’s (4) securing regional peace and stability; (5) ¥947,382 million
are not rich in energy resources. Remittances programs. At the same time, JICA works to total,*2 highlighting the importance of building strengthening intra- and interregional con-
from Kyrgyzstanis and Tajikistanis working encourage cooperation among countries in inclusive, resilient, and sustainable societies, nectivity [ see page 26]; and (6) developing
in Russia and elsewhere account for nearly the region. Total value of JICA programs by country as stipulated in the SDGs. human resources through the JICA Chair and Total value of JICA programs by country
one-third of the GDP of each country. These In fiscal 2022, JICA signed a memoran- Uzbekistan ¥34,069 million In 2022, regional economic growth slowed accepting international students in Japan. India ¥586,236 million
two countries are also heavily dependent on dum of cooperation (MOC) with KazAID, a Azerbaijan ¥2,961 million to 6.1%.*3 Countries in the region are still Going forward, JICA will further enhance Bangladesh ¥350,780 million
investment and lending from China, pointing new aid agency established by the Kazakh Kyrgyz Repubic ¥2,899 million facing economic challenges due to global its cooperation, focusing more actively on Nepal ¥21,608 million
to the urgent need to foster domestic indus- government. Under this MOC, JICA worked Mongolia ¥2,513 million inflation resulting from Russia’s aggression gender mainstreaming and digital transfor- Afghanistan ¥10,195 million
Tajikistan ¥1,762 million Bhutan ¥8,367 million
tries and create employment. with KazAID to provide training in quality against Ukraine, in addition to significant mation (DX).
Georgia ¥145 million Pakistan ¥6,193 million
In addition, Russia’s aggression against and productivity improvement (KAIZEN) for Kazakhstan ¥107 million
effects from natural disasters due to climate Regarding Afghanistan, after the Taliban Maldives ¥2,119 million
Ukraine has increased uncertainty about neighboring countries. For Uzbekistan, JICA Armenia ¥75 million change. Among others, Pakistan was hard hit took control of Kabul in August 2021, JICA Sri Lanka ¥1,797 million
the future growth of the economies in the provided two-step loans aimed at strength- Turkmenistan ¥47 million by devastating floods. continued its support and considered other
Note) For the total value of JICA programs,
region. These countries need to create and ening horticultural value chains in order to Note) For the total value of JICA programs,
possibilities for assistance to meet a wide see the note on “Programs by Region” on
reinforce stable economic systems for more diversify agriculture-related industries and see the note on “Programs by Region” on Cooperation with a focus on building range of humanitarian needs through collab- page 37. Totals may not add up due to
page 37. Totals may not add up due to rounding.
independent and sustainable development. increase their export capacity. In Mongolia, rounding.
inclusive and resilient societies oration with international organizations and
JICA worked on the development of human JICA has been proactively cooperating in line with Japanese government policies.
Focusing on strengthening governance, resources in cybersecurity. JICA also helped to build inclusive and resilient societies to
industrial diversification, infrastructure Armenia to promote high-tech industries and address these challenges.
development, and human resources boost exports through closer cooperation In fiscal 2022, in response to the economic *1 Calculated based on data from United Nations, “World
development with Japan. crisis in Sri Lanka, JICA made an emergency Population Prospects 2022.”
*2 Calculated based on data from World Bank, “Poverty and
This region shares national borders with In addition, JICA implemented the JICA procurement of maize seeds for the country Shared Prosperity 2022: Correcting Course.”
two major powers, China and Russia, as well Chair at selected universities in Mongolia, and contributed to Sri Lanka's food security. *3 World Bank, “Global Economic Prospects, January 2023.”
as with Afghanistan and Middle Eastern coun- Georgia, Kazakhstan, and Tajikistan with a
tries; it is therefore under the strong political view to broadening the base of leaders who
and economic influence of these neighboring can foster a long-lasting bilateral relationship
countries. between each country and Japan.

Uzbekistan: The Uzbek government

encourages the cultivation of
various horticultural crops to break
the domestic agriculture sector
from its dependence on cotton and
thus to boost the country’s export
capacity. JICA is also cooperating
with Uzbekistan through ODA Loan
projects to achieve this goal. This
farmer took advantage of low-
interest loans made available under
such a project to introduce the
greenhouse cultivation of tomatoes, Pakistan: JICA distributed wheat seeds among flood-affected farmers under an ongoing
lemons, strawberries, and other technical cooperation project. The distribution was promptly completed by the planting
crops. (Photo: Atsushi Shibuya) season of November, and it contributed to the recovery of wheat yields the next year.

40 41
 Overview of Activities and Initiatives in Fiscal 2022: Overview by Region Overview of Activities and Initiatives in Fiscal 2022: Overview by Region

Latin America and the Caribbean Africa

Aiming to Further Co-creation by Deepening Partnerships Working on TICAD 8 Initiatives toward a Resilient, Inclusive, and Prosperous Africa

Common development issues in the region that is more conducive to economic devel- Technical Compounded crises and TICAD 8 (2) fostering of farmers and agribusiness, (3) Technical
Grants Cooperation Grants Cooperation
and emerging needs opment through trade and investment. It also Africa is faced with compounded crises nutrition improvement, and (4) climate action
Latin America and the Caribbean comprises focuses on addressing global challenges such ¥5,139 million ¥ 9,851 million that involve deepening climate change and [ see pages 18 and 34]. At TICAD 8, JICA ¥37,668 million ¥31,616 million
33 countries with a total population of 650 as disaster risk reduction and climate action. socioeconomic difficulties resulting from the announced an agricultural cooperation pack-
million*1 and a total GDP of over $5.4 trillion,*2 Additional focus is placed on cultivating lead- pandemic and the Ukrainian situation, such age totaling $300 million in cooperation with
about 1.8 times the size of ASEAN.*3 These ers with knowledge of Japan and strength- as food crises and deteriorating debt sustain- the African Development Bank (AfDB). As the
countries are diverse, ranging from Mexico ening relations with Nikkei communities in Total value of ability. In a dynamic global community, African first tranche, JICA signed a loan agreement Total value of
JICA programs in JICA programs in
and Brazil, both of which are large in area the region. fiscal 2022 countries, which account for one-quarter of totaling ¥15 billion with Côte d’Ivoire. fiscal 2022
and exporters of food and mineral resources,
to Costa Rica, a small country that leads the
The total committed amount of Finance
and Investment Cooperation for the region
¥ 178,514 million the United Nations membership, are increas-
ing their presence as an emerging political
2. P romotion of business that solves
social issues
¥182,492 million
world in the area of environmental initiatives, in fiscal 2022 was the largest ever. This and economic power. To ramp up support for innovative start-up
and to Caribbean countries, where tourism covered, among other projects, an urban In August 2022, representatives of 48 African businesses that work to solve social issues in
is a major industry. Yet many of them share transport network development project in countries gathered in the Tunisian capital of Africa, JICA helps build a start-up ecosystem
a common language and culture. Panama and a financial inclusion project for Finance and
Investment Cooperation
Tunis to join the Eighth Tokyo International at the national level under Project NINJA Finance and
Investment Cooperation
Countries in the region share with Japan Costa Rica. JICA also continued to work on ¥163,524 million Conference on African Development (TICAD (Next Innovation with Japan) [ see page ¥ 113,208 million
universal values such as freedom and democ- common regional issues in cooperation with 8). At TICAD 8, the Japanese government 28], as well as supports local health care
racy. Being home to more than 2.13 million development partners in the region, including announced that Japan, as a partner growing businesses in cooperation with the African
Japanese emigrants and their descendants the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) and Total value of JICA programs by country together with Africa, will support the realiza- Union Development Agency (AUDA-NEPAD). Total value of JICA programs by country
(Nikkei) in total,*4 these countries have his- the Pacific Alliance (Mexico, Colombia, Central America and the Caribbean tion of a resilient Africa that Africa itself aims In addition, JICA has decided to invest in a Côte d’Ivoire ¥52,875 million
torically close relations with Japan as well. Peru, and Chile). In addition, JICA provided Panama ¥92,951 million to achieve through a virtuous cycle of growth venture capital fund under its program of Nigeria ¥26,898 million
Geographically, they are Japan’s neighbors cooperation regarding mobility and logistics El Salvador ¥7,677 million and distribution. Private Sector Investment and Financing. Senegal ¥23,675 million
across the Pacific. They are also Japan’s in Central America in collaboration with the Honduras ¥2,218 million 3. P romotion of regional economic Kenya ¥11,141 million
Costa Rica ¥2,155 million Mozambique ¥4,951 million
important partners in addressing common Central American Integration System (SICA) Contributions to fulfill Japan’s integration
Saint Lucia ¥1,403 million Zambia ¥4,709 million
challenges such as frequent natural disasters. and also promoted south-south and triangular Mexico ¥926 million
commitments JICA signed a memorandum of cooperation Ethiopia ¥4,663 million
Many countries in the region are prone cooperation with Brazil and Mexico. Dominican Republic ¥777 million To implement the initiatives Japan an- (MOC) with the African Continental Free Trade Rwanda ¥4,503 million
to natural disasters such as earthquakes, Moreover, JICA agreed with the United Guatemala ¥605 million nounced at TICAD 8, JICA is enhancing ef- Area (AfCFTA) Secretariat to support the Madagascar ¥4,372 million
volcanic eruptions, and hurricanes, and are States Agency for International Development Nicaragua ¥367 million forts to achieve the following objectives as implementation of the AfCFTA agreement Ghana ¥4,326 million
faced with public security issues and irregular (USAID) to work together to alleviate the root Cuba ¥339 million part of its cooperation aimed at addressing toward Africa’s economic integration. Based Democratic Republic ¥4,299 million
of the Congo
migration. Although the region generally cause of irregular migration in Guatemala. Jamaica ¥173 million compounded crises and exploiting Africa’s on this MOC, JICA will step up efforts to South Sudan ¥4,209 million
enjoys high income levels, it faces widening JICA’s collaboration with the Inter-American 9 other countries ¥289 million potential. develop a regional infrastructure network, Burkina Faso ¥1,737 million
economic disparities among and within the Development Bank (IDB) involves develop- South America 1. Food security facilitate trade, and build intraregional value Uganda ¥1,560 million
countries. Responding to an aging population, ment cooperation in the sectors of quality Ecuador ¥30,260 million In November 2022, JICA announced its chains, among others [ see page 32]. Malawi ¥1,144 million
introducing digital transformation (DX), and infrastructure, disaster resilience, and health Bolivia ¥15,800 million Africa Food Security Initiative, which aims to Djibouti ¥1,096 million
building a start-up ecosystem also constitute through co-financing schemes, as well as the Brazil ¥12,903 million achieve human security through food and Tanzania ¥834 million
Peru ¥6,272 million Cameroon ¥750 million
some of the emerging development needs TSUBASA Program, which supports innova- agriculture development. Under the initia-
Paraguay ¥2,408 million South Africa ¥725 million
in the region. tive Japanese start-up businesses in doing Argentina ¥397 million
tive, JICA is engaged in (1) food production,
Sudan ¥524 million
business in the region to solve development Colombia ¥297 million Angola ¥496 million
Taking on development issues together issues there. Supported under the program, Chile ¥235 million 27 other countries ¥23,005 million
with diverse stakeholders some Japanese firms have already made Uruguay ¥46 million
Note) The table lists only countries where
JICA’s cooperation for this region focuses inroads into the region. In fiscal 2022, an Venezuela ¥19 million JICA’s overseas offices in Sub-Saharan
on stable and resilient socioeconomic devel- Africa are located. For the total value of
additional 11 companies were selected to Note) For the total value of JICA programs, JICA programs, see the note on “Programs
opment and the creation of an environment receive such acceleration support. see the note on “Programs by Region” by Region” on page 37. Totals may not add
on page 37. For Central America and up due to rounding.
the Caribbean, the above table lists only
countries with program value of ¥100
million and over. Totals may not add up
due to rounding.

Saint Lucia: The country’s frequent

experience with natural disasters makes
it urgent to develop transportation *1 World Bank Group, “DataBank
infrastructure that supports both Microdata Data Catalog,” 2021.
*2–3 International Monetary Fund, “World
evacuation in times of disaster and
Economic Outlook Database,” 2022. Tanzania: A group of farmers planning market research as part of an initiative undertaken
post-disaster reconstruction efforts. JICA *4 Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan,
cooperated in the reconstruction of Cul “Nikkei people connect Japan with Latin through the Smallholder Horticulture Empowerment and Promotion (SHEP) approach. This
de Sac Bridge, which connects the capital America and the Caribbean,” a brochure initiative is aimed at increasing horticulture income through a planting and marketing
city and the international airport. in Japanese only. approach addressing market needs.

More information JICA’s website: Africa Plaza

42 43
 Overview of Activities and Initiatives in Fiscal 2022: Overview by Region Overview of Activities and Initiatives in Fiscal 2022: Overview of Operations

Middle East and Europe Overview of Operations

Addressing the Triple Crises and Assistance for Ukraine and Turkey
Grants*3 Technical Cooperation* 1

New and old threats strain lives and

livelihoods
other sectors. For the earthquake that struck
Turkey and Syria, JICA dispatched a Japan
Grants
Technical
Cooperation ¥ 119.2 billion (94 projects) ¥ 175.2 billion
The Middle East is still beset by turmoil after Disaster Relief team immediately after the 26,140 million ¥11,422 million
¥

the Arab Spring and is experiencing the rise earthquake, and also provided cooperation
of compounded crises such as (1) stagnant in recovery and reconstruction efforts.
civil wars in Yemen, Syria, and Libya; (2) the For the Middle East, JICA made its first ─Acceptance of training participants ¥15.7 billion
protracted refugee situation in countries loan to the Bank of Palestine with the aim Total value of
─Dispatch of experts ¥56.8 billion
JICA programs in
neighboring Syria; (3) delay in the economic of supporting small and medium enterprises fiscal 2022 ─Dispatch of study team members ¥31.7 billion
and social recovery from the pandemic; (4)
adverse effects of the Ukraine conflict on
and creating employment. JICA also provided
budget support to the Jordanian government,
¥ 386,701 million ─Provision of equipment ¥2.8 billion

the economy and people’s lives; and (5) in- which is accepting many Syrian refugees. ─Dispatch of Japan Overseas
Cooperation Volunteers ¥5.3 billion
creased water scarcity due to climate change. In Iraq, JICA cooperated with a project to
─Dispatch of other volunteers ¥0.9 billion
In Europe, the Russian aggression against refine high-quality oil products that meet
Ukraine is taking a heavy toll on Ukraine and environmental regulations utilizing Japanese Finance and ─Other ¥62.0 billion
Investment Cooperation
neighboring countries. The powerful earth- technology. ¥349,139 million
quakes that hit Turkey and Syria in February Cooperation for Middle Eastern countries
2023 caused immense damage not only to also involved strengthening human capital
local residents but also to many refugees in and providing equipment aimed at reinforcing Total value of JICA programs by country
these two countries. national health care and social security sys- or region

2,745.0 billion
Middle East
Total of Scale of Operations in Fiscal 2022
tems whose vulnerabilities had been exposed
Iraq ¥121,371 million
Immediate and longer-term cooperation by the pandemic. Some examples include
Egypt ¥99,453 million
Against this backdrop, in fiscal 2022 JICA support for the promotion of universal health

¥
Morocco ¥22,614 million
delivered immediate and longer-term coop- coverage (UHC) in Egypt, the expansion of Jordan ¥15,830 million
eration toward the region. Such cooperation social security for the vulnerable in Tunisia, Tunisia ¥12,330 million
had two pillars: (1) strategic cooperation to and measures for the disposal of infectious Palestine ¥7,284 million
address the triple crises (the geopolitical waste in Palestine. To help the region ad- Syria ¥375 million
crisis, the COVID-19 crisis, and the climate dress climate change, JICA studied how it Iran ¥277 million
change crisis); and (2) cooperation that shares can contribute in this sector and is working Algeria ¥52 million
Yemen ¥36 million
Japan’s policy and development experience on relevant capacity-building at the national
Saudi Arabia ¥31 million
as well as good practices unique to Japan. level. Lebanon ¥26 million
For Europe, JICA addressed the geopolit- To support these countries by sharing Libya ¥3 million
ical crisis by extending cooperation toward Japan’s development experience and good
Europe
Ukraine. This involved budget support for practices unique to Japan, JICA contributed
Ukraine ¥102,672 million
the Ukrainian government; the provision of to the further cultivation of future leaders Moldova ¥2,678 million
water purifiers, power generators, and other who can foster a long-lasting bilateral rela- Serbia ¥505 million
equipment that supported citizens’ daily lives; tionship between each country and Japan Turkey ¥413 million ─ODA Loans ¥2,323.9 billion (46 projects)
and the launch of activities aimed at clearing by, for example, rolling out the JICA Chair Albania ¥334 million ─Private-Sector Investment Finance ¥126.7 billion (21 projects)
landmines and unexploded ordnance with in 12 countries in the region. In Egypt, JICA Kosovo ¥130 million
an eye on medium- and long-term recovery supported capacity-building for teachers Montenegro ¥126 million
North Macedonia ¥115 million
and reconstruction efforts. For neighboring involved in Japanese-style education and
Bosnia and Herzegovina ¥45 million
Moldova, JICA provided cooperation that is deploying Japanese-style education with
benefited both displaced people from 51 Egyptian Japanese Schools* across the Note) For the total value of JICA programs,
see the note on “Programs by Region” on Finance and Investment Cooperation*2
Ukraine and local residents in health and country serving as hubs for such deployment.
2,450.6 billion
page 37. Totals may not add up due to
rounding.
¥
(67 projects)

Scale of Technical Cooperation by type (number of persons newly dispatched and cumulative total) Note) Totals may not add up due to rounding.
Newly dispatched Cumulative total *1 Technical Cooperation expenses include Technical
Ukraine: Japanese construction machinery Assistance expenses managed under the Finance and
provided to local governments in the
Acceptance of training participants 10,937 687,016 (FYs 1954–2022) Investment Account budget, but exclude administration costs.
country. JICA capitalizes on the expertise in Dispatch of experts 7,713 207,638 (FYs 1955–2022) *2 Total commitment amount of ODA Loans and Private-Sector
Investment Finance.
recovery and reconstruction that Japan has Dispatch of study team members 3,371 309,313 (FYs 1957–2022) *3 Aggregated amount of Grants committed through concluding
accumulated through the Great East Japan Dispatch of Japan Overseas Cooperation Volunteers 542 47,035 (FYs 1965–2022) of respective Grant Agreements.
Earthquake and other disasters to deliver *4 Includes Senior Volunteers, JOCVs and Senior Volunteers for
cooperation in capacity building for debris
Dispatch of other volunteers 88 8,086 (FYs 1999–2022)*4
Nikkei Communities, and UN Volunteers. Until 1998, these
clearance. *The number as of March 2023. Note) The dispatch of emigrants ended in fiscal 1995. The cumulative total from fiscal years 1952 to 1995 was 73,437. figures had been included in other types of cooperation.

44 45
 Overview of Activities and Initiatives in Fiscal 2022: Overview of Operations Overview of Activities and Initiatives in Fiscal 2022: Overview of Operations

Composition of assistance by region in fiscal 2022 (¥ billion) Composition of assistance by sector in fiscal 2022 (¥ billion)
Technical Cooperation* 1
Finance and Investment Grants* 3 Technical Cooperation*1 Finance and Investment Grants* 3
Cooperation*2 Cooperation*2

Planning and
administration Electric power and gas
6.9% (12.1) 10.2% (250.5)

Planning and
administration
21.3% (25.4)
Asia 29.8% (52.3)
Public works and utilities

Asia 38.8% (46.3)

19.4% (34.0)
Assistance by Region Assistance by Sector
Looking at disbursements of Technical Cooperation by Disbursements of Technical Cooperation by sector were,
geographic region, Asia accounted for 29.8%, Africa in descending order, 19.4% for public works and utilities,
19.3%, and North and Latin America 6.4%, in descending The Pacific 2.4% (4.3)
10.9% for agriculture, forestry and fisheries, and 9.9% Agriculture,
forestry and fisheries
order. for human resources. 10.9% (19.1)
Looking at newly committed amounts for Finance and North and Latin America
For Finance and Investment Cooperation, the largest
Mining and industry
Investment Cooperation by region in fiscal 2022, Asia 6.4% (11.3) portion is 64.8% for projects in the transportation sector. 1.0% (1.7) Transportation
accounted for 74.4%, Middle East 11.1%, and North and This was followed by program loans at 16.5% and 10.2% Energy 2.9% (5.0) 64.8% (1,587.3) Public works and
Middle East 4.3% (7.6) Asia 74.4% (1,822.7) The Pacific 3.4% (4.0) utilities
Latin America 6.7%. Continuing from fiscal 2021, Asia’s for electric power and gas. 35.5% (42.3)
North and Latin America Business and tourism
share has been considerably high. 4.3% (5.1) For Grants, the largest share was made to public works
3.8% (6.6)
As for Grants, Asia accounted for 38.8%, Africa 31.6%, and Middle East 0.8% (1.0)
and utilities at 35.5%, followed by planning and adminis-
Europe 21.1%. As in fiscal 2021, Asia and Africa accounted tration at 21.3%, and 16.5% for health and medical care.
Human resources
for a large proportion of Grants. 9.9% (17.4)
“Other” includes disbursements for and commitment Africa 19.3% (33.9)
amounts with international organizations and worldwide
projects across countries and regions. Health and medical care
8.4% (14.7) Agriculture,
forestry and fisheries
Africa 31.6% (37.7) 9.0% (10.8)
Europe 2.2% (3.9) Social welfare
1.6% (2.9)
Irrigation and Energy 4.1% (4.9)
flood control
0.8% (18.9)
Agriculture,
forestry and fisheries
2.1% (50.9) Human resources
North and Latin America Mining and manufacturing
10.0% (12.0)
6.7% (163.5) Other 35.2% (61.6) 0.1% (1.4)
Other 35.4% (62.0)
Social services
3.8% (93.4)
Middle East
Note) Totals may not add up due to rounding. 11.1% (271.1) Note) Totals may not add up due to rounding. Health and medical care
Europe 21.1% (25.1)
*1 Technical Cooperation expenses include Technical Assistance *1 Technical Cooperation expenses include Technical Assistance Program loans 16.5% (19.7)
expenses managed under the Finance and Investment Account expenses managed under the Finance and Investment Account 16.5% (405.3)
budget, but exclude administration costs. budget, but exclude administration costs.
Africa 4.6% (113.2) Social welfare
*2 Total commitment amount of ODA Loans and Private-Sector *2 Total commitment amount of ODA Loans and Private-Sector
Investment Finance. Investment Finance. 1.5% (1.8)
*3 Aggregated amount of Grants committed through concluding of Europe 3.2% (78.0) *3 Aggregated amount of Grants committed through concluding of
respective Grant Agreements. Other 0.1% (2.0) respective Grant Agreements. Other 1.8% (42.9) Other 2.1% (2.5)

Technical Cooperation expenses for the past ten years*1 Finance and Investment Cooperation commitment amounts for Scale of Grants for the past ten years*3
the past ten years*2
Overview of Trends for the Past Ten Years FY2013 ¥177.3 billion ¥985.8 billion ¥117.9 billion

FY2014 ¥176.4 billion ¥1,015.9 billion ¥110.2 billion

The graph at right shows trends in the scale of JICA’s
programs for Technical Cooperation, Finance and FY2015 ¥191.7 billion ¥2,260.9 billion ¥124.5 billion

Investment Cooperation, and Grants over the past ten FY2016 ¥207.7 billion ¥1,485.3 billion ¥99.0 billion
years. FY2017 ¥192.3 billion ¥1,888.4 billion ¥135.3 billion
In fiscal 2022, disbursements of Technical Cooperation
FY2018 ¥190.1 billion ¥1,266.1 billion ¥102.7 billion
decreased from the previous fiscal year by 8.7% to a
total of ¥175.2 billion; the Finance and Investment FY2019 ¥175.1 billion ¥1,523.2 billion ¥79.0 billion

Cooperation commitment amount increased significantly FY2020 ¥131.6 billion ¥1,566.6 billion ¥71.7 billion
by 92.2%, totaling ¥2,450.6 billion; and the scale of FY2021 ¥191.8 billion ¥1,274.7 billion ¥69.5 billion
Grants also increased significantly by 71.5% to a total
FY2022 ¥175.2 billion ¥2,450.6 billion ¥119.2 billion
amount of ¥119.2 billion.

46 47
 Partnerships to Enhance Development Effectiveness Partnerships to Enhance Development Effectiveness

Partnerships with Universities and Research Institutions

Jointly Creating Knowledge and Fostering Future Leaders

As the world is faced with compounded crises, part- opportunities in Japan for young researchers. By the
nerships with universities and research institutions are end of fiscal 2022, JICA had offered the JICA Chair to
indispensable for addressing challenges facing partner 71 countries, up from an accumulated total of 46 by the
countries and achieving the SDGs because of their previous year.

8,500
extensive and advanced knowledge. JICA promotes In fiscal 2022, a much larger number of JICA Chair
partnerships with these institutions through various courses were given face-to-face by lecturers sent from
approaches, including their participation in JICA’s More than students Japanese universities and other institutions, facilitating
research projects and studies on international coop-
eration, in technical cooperation projects in developing
from over 100 countries more lively and interactive discussions. Three series
of video materials served as a key tool for promoting
Total numbers of JICA scholars and their countries of origin
countries, as well as accepting students from these the JICA Chair in partner countries. These were (1)
in fiscal 2010–2022
countries. “Seven Chapters on Japanese Modernization,” which
JICA coproduced with the Open University of Japan in
fiscal 2019; (2) their sequel “Japanese Modernization
JICA Development Studies Program (JICA-DSP) Lecture Series (Chapters 8 to 15)”; and (3) a series on
countries after World War II. JICA-DSP consists of two Japan’s modernization and development cooperation
Sharing Japan’s modernization experiences and kinds of programs: (1) the Common and Local Programs experiences in line with the JICA Global Agenda—a set
lessons learned from its development cooperation offered by JICA, titled Understanding the Japanese of issue-specific cooperation strategies [ see page 20].
The aim of the JICA Development Studies Program Development Experience and Understanding Japanese
(JICA-DSP) is to allow JICA scholars* who have studied Local History and Development; and (2) Development
in Japan and returned home to address development Studies Programs Offered by Various Universities, Science and Technology Research Partnership
issues in their homelands and to play a significant role offered by partner universities. Through these two for Sustainable Development (SATREPS)
there as future leaders who can foster a long-lasting kinds of programs, JICA scholars learn about Japanese
bilateral relationship between each country and Japan. expertise and experience and put them to good use Drawing on the research capacity of universities
As of the end of fiscal 2022, over 2,000 JICA scholars for the development of their countries back home. and research institutions
from 106 countries were studying in master’s and In fiscal 2022, proactive efforts resulted in 242 SATREPS is an endeavor to draw on the latest Philippines: An antenna for a local user terminal (a ground satellite
data receiving station) provided under the Project for Development
doctoral courses at universities in Japan. and 504 JICA scholars participating in the Common science and technology to come up with solutions to of Extreme Weather Monitoring and Information Sharing System.
The JICA-DSP offers JICA scholars the opportunity to Programs and Local Programs, respectively. increasingly serious global challenges, such as environ- With the use of satellite data thus received, the project developed a
learn about Japan’s modernization and development mental and energy issues, food crises, and epidemic system to forecast extreme weather events.
experiences, which differ from those of Europe and the outbreaks. JICA implements SATREPS jointly with the
United States, and its wisdom as a country that has pro- JICA Program for Japanese Studies (JICA Chair) Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) and the
vided cooperation toward the progress of developing Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development
Expanding JICA-DSP abroad (AMED). SATREPS involves international joint research countries.
In order to offer partner countries opportunities between universities and research institutions in Japan The research themes covered by SATREPS are
to learn about Japan’s modernization and develop- and those in developing countries. It also involves wide-ranging, from environmental pollution, climate
ment cooperation experiences, JICA offers the JICA efforts to utilize these research outcomes for the change, and carbon neutrality to natural disasters
Program for Japanese Studies (JICA Chair). The JICA progress of society. The aim is to contribute to resolv- and infectious diseases. Japan’s research prowess is
Chair supports leading universities in these countries ing development issues facing people in developing put forth in these and other diverse fields. SATREPS
to establish courses or programs of Japanese studies projects that were underway as of the end of fiscal
that explore such experiences also through delving into 2022 include: research aimed at creating a low-carbon
the Japanese history and culture that underlie these society using ocean thermal energy conversion in
experiences. Malaysia; research on a meteorological observation
JICA Chair’s activities include: (1) Short Intensive system aimed at reducing damage due to torrential
Lectures, which involve, among other things, dispatch- rains and other extreme weather events in the
ing lecturers from Japan and offering related video
teaching materials; and (2) the JICA Chair of Japanese 179 SATREPS Philippines [ photo above]; and research designed
to assess the status quo of drug-resistant fungi and
studies, which also entails conducting joint research
activities and providing research and education projects for 53 countries develop a treatment strategy both in Brazil and Japan
[ see page 30].
adopted in fiscal 2008–2022
Under JICA-DSP, JICA organizes networking events for two objectives. One is to In fiscal 2022, 12 projects for 9 partner countries
consider what roles JICA scholars are expected to play in addressing challenges * “JICA scholars” here refers to participants from developing countries who are were adopted under SATREPS, and discussions pro-
facing their countries. The other is to build cross-cutting networks among JICA enrolled in degree programs at Japanese universities under certain frameworks, ceeded with the universities and research institutions
scholars and with JICA-related personnel. The wider goal is to strengthen ties including technical cooperation; the Project for Human Resource Development
with future leaders who can foster a long-lasting bilateral relationship between Scholarship (JDS), a Grant; and the Scholarship for Japanese Emigrants and
in these countries toward project implementation.
each country and Japan. Their Descendants in Latin America and the Caribbean.

More information JICA’s website: JICA Development Studies Program/JICA Chair, Science and Technology Cooperation on Global Issues
48 49
 Partnerships to Enhance Development Effectiveness Partnerships to Enhance Development Effectiveness

Cooperation with the Private Sector

Supporting Economic and Social Development through Private-Sector Business Activities

JICA has networks and trusting relationships with the and schemes. In this way, JICA aims to further improve Available schemes and the flow of commercial implementation
governments of developing countries as well as the development outcomes while reducing project risks.
SDGs Business Supporting Surveys
know-how in project implementation in the developing In particular, JICA is strengthening cooperation with Full-fledged
world gained through ODA over many years. While development finance institutions and international or- Basic information gathering
Needs verification; solution Acceptability verification; Establishment of provision business launch
validation profitability verification system; operations design
making use of these assets, JICA provides wide-rang- ganizations in order to promote co-financing. Over the
ing support schemes, as shown in the figure at right, past years, JICA has signed memoranda of cooperation SDGs Business Needs Confirmation Survey SDGs Business Verification Survey with the Private Sector
to produce better development results efficiently (MOC) with the U.S. International Development Finance Independent
■ Collect basic information, identify local needs, and verify whether the ■ Verify technologies, products, and
and effectively through further collaboration with the Corporation, the Agence Française de Développement, proposed product or service fit such needs a business model to develop a
SME support type commercial
implementation
private sector. the International Finance Corporation, the Asian ■ Prepare primary business plans business proposal SDGs Business support type
Development Bank, the African Development Bank, the ■ Period: 8 months or so ■ Period: 1–3 years
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development,
Private-Sector Investment Finance and the European Investment Bank. SDGs Business Validation Survey
ODA Loans
Grants
In fiscal 2022, JICA approved 21 projects under PSIF. ■ Verify whether the proposed product or service is accepted by customers, set up product or service delivery Technical Cooperation
Economic and social development support in These included (1) renewable energy projects, such as framework involving local partners, and make preparations for business operations
developing countries by the private sector the Ninh Thuan Province Onshore Wind Power Project ■ Formulate more detailed business plans based on assessed profitability, etc.
Of the Finance and Investment Cooperation provided in Viet Nam [ see page 17] and the Zarafshan Wind ■ Period: 16 months or so

by JICA, Private-Sector Investment Finance (PSIF) is a Farm Project in Uzbekistan; and (2) financial inclusion
scheme to support, through the provision of loans and projects to support micro, small, and medium enterpris- Preparatory Survey for Private-Sector Investment Finance Private-Sector
Investment Finance
equity, private enterprises around the world, including es (MSMEs) owned by women, such as the Micro, Small
Japanese companies that conduct business with high and Medium Enterprises Support Project in Palestine, Supporting the formulation of private sector–led projects that will use
Private-Sector Investment Finance
Provision of loans and
equity to private companies,
development outcomes in such sectors as infrastruc- and the project for sustainable portfolio and MSMEs *Proposals that will use an ODA Loan only are handled in
a JICA preparatory survey specifically designed for such a loan. etc. with high development
outcomes
ture development, poverty reduction, and measures in Ecuador [ photo at bottom left]. Through these two Phase 1 survey Phase 2 survey
against climate change. types of projects and others, JICA took steps to work
In implementing PSIF projects, JICA collaborates on decarbonization and improved financial access,
with private and international financial institutions and among other important agenda items. Furthermore,

1,448
coordinates with JICA’s other ODA programs, projects, by combining the Bangladesh Special Economic Zone countries that want to use Japanese technologies,
Development Project with ODA Loan and Technical products, and know-how for addressing their chal-
Cooperation projects, JICA is delivering comprehensive lenges and Japanese companies that seek to venture
cooperation for industrial diversification in Bangladesh. The number of projects adopted under the SDGs Business into developing-country markets.
In fiscal 2022, JICA launched PSIF projects in Supporting Surveys in fiscal 2010–2022 Recent years have seen accelerated inflow of private
many countries and regions for the first time. These funds for the development of developing countries,
included Uzbekistan, Palestine, Laos, Costa Rica, and raising expectations even higher for the utilization of
the Maldives. JICA will continue promoting assistance business strengths in solving development issues.
through PSIF. securing financial viability, and insufficient recognition More businesses are proactively incorporating the
of proper public-private role-sharing and risk allocation SDGs in their corporate management. An increasing
(insufficient support from developing-country govern- number of financial institutions are focusing on ESG
Preparatory Survey for Private-Sector ments). Therefore, in addition to supporting individ- investing and impact investing. The affinity between
Investment Finance ual projects by the private sector, JICA is promoting business and efforts to solve development issues is
comprehensive efforts for the formulation of business stronger than ever.
Supporting the formation of promising PSIF projects projects by cooperating in the establishment of as- This program offers three support schemes accord-
This scheme is designed to identify and formulate sociated policies and institutions and strengthening ing to the stage of business: SDGs Business Needs
projects that capitalize on the expertise of Japan’s implementation capacities. Confirmation Survey, SDGs Business Validation Survey,
private sector. Under the scheme, JICA entrusts the and SDGs Business Verification Survey with the Private
necessary surveys to Japanese private companies that Sector.
have submitted promising proposals so as to develop SDGs Business Supporting Surveys
project plans to be implemented that utilize PSIF. In Meeting development needs with innovative
Ecuador: The project for sustainable portfolio and micro, small, and medium
enterprises (MSMEs) provides financial assistance under PSIF in cooperation
fiscal 2022, JICA adopted five proposals under the Supporting the creation and deployment of busi- services
with the International Finance Corporation (IFC). The photo shows a dairy farm scheme. nesses that help developing countries achieve the Of the proposals submitted in response to open
operated by a woman who has received loans from Banco de la Producción S.A. There are many challenges related to this kind of SDGs calls made from fiscal 2010, when JICA launched pri-
Produbanco, a large commercial bank in Ecuador, the borrower in this project.
The farm produces organic fertilizer from cattle manure and aims to establish a
project in developing countries. These challenges SDGs Business Supporting Surveys is a program vate-sector partnership programs, through fiscal 2022,
sustainable management model in which the biogas produced in the production include an inadequate investment environment in based on proposals from private companies. It is aimed JICA has adopted and supported an aggregated total
process is used for the farm’s electricity. both physical and nonphysical aspects, difficulties in at building win-win relationships between developing of 1,448 proposals under this program. In recent years,

50 51
 Partnerships to Enhance Development Effectiveness Partnerships to Enhance Development Effectiveness

Volunteer Programs
Citizen-based International Cooperation: Both You and the World Are Full of Possibilities

Number of adopted surveys by world region in fiscal 2022 JICA’s volunteer programs support activities by
Southeast Asia 14 10 6 1 citizens who wish to cooperate in the economic and
South Asia 3 3 1 social development as well as the reconstruction of
East Asia and Central
Asia 4 1 SDGs Business Needs SDGs Business SDGs Business Verification Survey with SDGs Business Verification Survey with
developing countries. These time-honored programs—

55,385
The Pacifc 1 1 Confirmation Survey Validation Survey the Private Sector (SME support type) the Private Sector (SDGs Business support type) which include Japan Overseas Cooperation Volunteers
Latin America and
the Caribbean 4 2 (JOCVs), founded in 1965—are widely recognized as a
Middle East and
0 good example of grassroots-level international cooper-
JICA volunteers
Europe
Africa 1 5 2 ation extended by the Japanese government and JICA,
and they are highly praised by partner countries. By
were assigned in fiscal 1965–2022
Number of adopted surveys by region in Japan in fiscal 2022 the end of March 2023, some 55,000 JICA volunteers
Hokkaido 1
have engaged in different activities in the developing
Tohoku 2
world as Japanese conspicuous contributors to the
international community. of participants and also providing training online.
Kanto 9 14 5 1
Chubu/Hokuriku 7 3
Over 1,000 volunteers dispatched to 67 countries Supporting former JICA volunteers in giving back
Kansai 3 3 2
after carefully assessing local situations to society
Shikoku 2 1 surrounding infections and health care resources JICA has scaled up its support for former JICA vol-
Chugoku 2 1 Due to the global COVID-19 pandemic, all JICA unteers to make better use of their experience for the
Number of proposals adopted out of those submitted in
Kyushu/Okinawa 2 1 response to open calls during fiscal 2022 volunteers returned to Japan in March and April of benefit of society. The augmented support includes
SDGs Business Needs Confirmation Survey 23
2020 on a temporary basis. In November 2020, a scholarship program for them. Another recently
JICA resumed dispatching volunteers, depending on strengthened support program is the Glocal Program. It
SDGs Business Validation Survey 24
JICA has been adopting proposals from start-ups, ex- the situation surrounding infections and health-care is offered to interested volunteers prior to dispatch and
SDGs Business Verification Survey with the Private Sector (SME support type) 11
pecting their contribution in resolving the increasingly SDGs Business Verification Survey with the Private Sector
resources in their countries of assignment. By March who are willing to participate in solving issues faced by
complex challenges facing partner countries with their (SDGs Business support type) 1 31, 2023, there were 1,059 volunteers dispatched to local communities in Japan after they complete their
advanced technologies and innovative business ideas. Total 59 67 countries. During their stay on standby in Japan, JOCV assignments. Going forward, JICA will continue to
A case in point is the ongoing project by Wonderfy these volunteers engaged in online support activities enhance its support for former volunteers so that they
Inc., a Tokyo-based start-up that develops and operates and capacity building. Drawing from these experiences, can play a greater role, as invaluable talent, in prac-
teaching materials and content that “bring out a sense Fifty-nine proposals adopted under a new they are now working in their countries of assignment. ticing international cooperation globally or promoting
of wonder” in children around the world. Under JICA’s framework JICA has already resumed pre-dispatch group train- multicultural coexistence and regional revitalization in
program, this firm has introduced its educational app In fiscal 2022, JICA reorganized the portfolio of ing, for which JICA takes substantial measures toward Japan.
“Think!Think!” in Cambodia, contributing to improved support schemes under this program on a trial basis. infectious disease control while reducing the number
academic performance and a higher graduation rate The aims were improving convenience, driving com-
there [ see the photo below]. mercialization, and accelerating development impacts. Cumulative number of JICA volunteers dispatched
Under this new framework, JICA cast a wide net to by field of work (as of March 2023)
solicit proposals from businesses willing to address
Other 1,166 (2.1%) Planning, Public administration
challenges facing partner countries. It adopted 59
Social welfare 1,627 (2.9%) 5,913 (10.7%)
proposals in this fiscal year.
A breakdown shows 12 proposals were adopted
under the SDGs Business Verification Survey with the Healthcare, Medical care Public/Non-profitable project
6,978 (12.6%) 3,705 (6.7%)
Private Sector, a scheme that remained unchanged from
before the portfolio reorganization; 23 proposals were
adopted under the SDGs Business Needs Confirmation Agriculture, Forestry, Fisheries
6,786 (12.3%)
Survey, which assists in collecting basic information,
verifying the compatibility between the proposed Human resources

product or service and the partner country’s needs, 23,022 (41.6%)

and preparing initial business plans; and 24 proposals
were adopted under the SDGs Business Validation
Survey, which focuses on services and products whose
business compatibility has been verified and assists in Rwanda: A Japan Overseas Cooperation Volunteer supporting handcrafting work Commerse, Tourism 1,442 (2.6%)
formulating more detailed business plans by assessing in the category of community development
Energy 100 (0.2%)
Cambodia: Wonderfy Inc. capitalizes on JICA’s support program to raise both
the visibility of the proposed product and the level of primary education in the profitability as well as setting up a product or service Industrial production 4,646 (8.4%)
country. The photo shows children studying with the company’s educational app. delivery framework and an operating structure.

More information JICA’s website: Public-Private Partnerships More information JICA’s website: Volunteers
52 53
 Partnerships to Enhance Development Effectiveness Partnerships to Enhance Development Effectiveness

Support for the Acceptance of Foreign HRs / Multicultural and Inclusive Society Partnership with Nikkei Communities in Latin America and the Caribbean
Achieving a Prosperous Society Where We Live Together Further Strengthening the Bonds with Nikkei Communities

Over the past ten years, the number of foreign Some 2.13 million Nikkei (Japanese emigrants
workers in Japan has increased by a factor of about
2.7, reaching around 1.82 million.*1 Many are from de-
and their descendants) live in Latin America and the
Caribbean, and their presence represents strong bonds 5,157 people
veloping countries, and they play important roles in the
economic growth of their home countries, for instance
through their remittances. For steady economic growth,
659 between Japan and the region.
JICA continued to provide support to Japanese
emigrants who had moved to the region under Japan’s
from 15 countries
in Latin America and the Caribbean
it is estimated that Japan will need 6.74 million foreign organizations and individuals postwar emigration policy. Recently, JICA has shifted
came to Japan to participate in
the Training Program for Nikkei Communities in fiscal 1971–2022.
workers, or nearly four times its current number, in 20 JP-MIRAI membership as of July 2023 its focus to enhancing collaboration with Nikkei com-
years.*2 Foreign human resources (HRs) are needed munities and cooperation with them in light of their
as a new player in socioeconomic development and maturing and generational transition. one participant who came to Japan in the first batch
regional revitalization in Japan. Development in partner countries.*3 These centers are received training at the Kani International Exchange
To address challenges foreign workers face in increasingly working with the ministries, local govern- Association in Gifu Prefecture to learn about study sup-
Japan, JICA works on a number of aspects where ments, and other entities in Japan to organize events port, including mother-tongue teaching methods. He
it can leverage its strengths. These include building such as career seminars for highly skilled professionals, also helped many Nikkei pupils in Japan with their stud-
an inclusive society that coexists with them, human meetings to exchange views with former international ies while providing other support. These activities were
resources development (HRD) for economic growth scholars who studied in Japan, and job fairs. broadcast on local TV and attracted much attention.
in both their countries of origin and Japan, and the
protection of their human rights. Promotion of the human rights of migrant workers Partnership and cooperation continued: Business
In January 2023, JICA and the International symposia and online and face-to-face support
Building a multicultural and inclusive society with Labor Organization (ILO) signed a Memorandum of In October 2022, JICA Okinawa hosted “OKINAWA
foreign HRs Cooperation (MOC) to promote business and human to Okinawa Business Symposium,” which was aimed
JICA has coordinators for international cooperation rights¸ a concept designed to prevent human rights A JOMM exhibit showing what the life of Japanese settlers looked at charting a future in which Uchinanchu (Okinawans)
at local governments and international associations violations caused by business activities. Based on the like in the Aliança colony, Brazil. The renewal work has enabled 3-D in Latin America and the Caribbean are connected with
photographing (Photo: Toshiko Yuba)
as well as in its own domestic offices. Their mission MOC, JICA and the ILO are collaboratively working on those in Okinawa, Japan, through business. This sym-
is to collaborate with local governments and other business and human rights while sharing expertise posium was co-organized by JICA and the Worldwide
entities to resolve issues that local communities face and insights. JICA is also working on the protection JOMM 20th anniversary: Incorporating multicultural Uchinanchu Festival, a quinquennial event that attracts
in relation to the acceptance of foreign HRs and multi- of workers through improving governance of relevant coexistence and the SDGs in the exhibition Okinawans from around the world. Representatives
cultural coexistence. In the Kushiro-Nemuro region in public-sector organizations. As one such initiative, The year 2022 marked the 20th anniversary of from Colonia Okinawa, a Japanese-Bolivian communi-
Hokkaido, JICA and stakeholders are collaborating for JICA invites public officials in developing countries the Japanese Overseas Migration Museum (JOMM). ty, and Okinawa-based firms intending to make inroads
the establishment of a local platform to support the ac- who are in charge of issues related to migrant workers Taking this opportunity, JOMM substantially renewed into Peru gave lectures and presentations. A panel
ceptance of foreign workers and build a more culturally and returnees to trainings in Japan on labor policies its permanent exhibits. It scaled up exhibits that look discussion by academics from Okinawa and abroad
diverse and inclusive community. They leverage their designed to ensure decent work for all. at the development and current state of Nikkei com- brought the event to a successful conclusion.
own strengths to, for example, organize social events munities in Japan and abroad. With improved teaching In fiscal 2022, JICA also conducted 11 of the series of
open to residents of foreign nationalities. materials, JOMM now presents a message that calls for online open seminars on multiculturalism and Japanese
*1 Source: Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, “Situation of Notified Foreign
National Employment Status” (as of the end of October 2022). achieving multicultural coexistence in Japan and the society, which look at challenges facing some 300,000
HRD for economic development *2 JICA Ogata Research Institute for Peace and Development, study on SDGs to local governments and educational organi- Nikkei living in Japan. These seminars were attended
“Diversity and Social Inclusion of Migrant Workers in Japanese Society—
JICA provides support to people planning to work in Our World in 2030/40” (conducted in fiscal 2021). zations in the country. During fiscal 2022, JOMM had by a total of 2,202 participants. In addition, JICA offered
Japan. JICA provides accurate information on daily life *3 Japan Centers for Human Resources Development (known as Japan Centers) some 40,000 visitors, more than twice the level of the online programs for a total of 31 Nikkei junior and se-
were established to help the Southeast Asia and East and Central Asia
and the business environment in Japan through, among regions move to market economies. JICA assists in developing these centers
previous year, which was in the midst of the COVID-19 nior high school and college students, as well as the
other channels, Japan Centers for Human Resources as an exchange hub (platform) for Japan and the respective countries. pandemic. It also offered nine online lectures, attended Training Program for Japanese Descendants—which
by about 900 participants in total. is designed to teach technical skills—for a total of 152
participants. It also helped ten Nikkei to go to graduate
JP-MIRAI: Japan Platform for Migrant Workers towards Responsible and Inclusive Society Nikkei training participants from Latin America school.
Promoting efforts at improving the environment to accept migrant workers in Japan and the Caribbean supported Nikkei communities JICA resumed in stages the dispatch of Japan Overseas
in Japan Cooperation Volunteers and Senior Volunteers for Nikkei
JP-MIRAI is a platform established in November 2020 in on daily life and employment in Japan via the app and portal site in nine
collaboration with various stakeholders, including private-sec- languages. It opened in 2022 and now has 2,225 registrants.*4 In May
COVID-imposed restrictions on JICA’s training in Communities, whose activities in their countries of
tor firms, local governments, NPOs, academics, attorneys, and JICA to 2022, JP-MIRAI started a consultation service called “JP-MIRAI Assist.” It Japan were lifted in fiscal 2022. Nikkei supporter assignment had been suspended since March 2020
address challenges foreign workers face in Japan. The current membership offers advice on issues in labor, residential status, and daily-life in nine training,* which was launched in fiscal 2021, was con- due to the pandemic. As of the end of fiscal 2022, 32
stands at 659 organizations and individuals.*4 languages. About 1,100 contacts*4 have been made in this service. ducted in person for the first time. A total of 16 Nikkei such volunteers were working overseas.
JP-MIRAI provides migrant workers with accurate and useful information visited Japan for this training. During their stay, they
*A training program designed for Nikkei residing in Latin America and the
*4 Figures as of July 2023. More information JP-MIRAI Website, JP-MIRAI Portal site also offered social work services face-to-face to Nikkei Caribbean to support multicultural programs of local governments and others
residents in Japan. Among these training participants, in Japan and to learn related skills in the process

54 55
 Partnerships to Enhance Development Effectiveness Partnerships to Enhance Development Effectiveness

Collaboration with Civil Society

Win-Win Partnership through Co-creation

Citizen Participatory Cooperation internationalization and community revitalization efforts

in Japan. JICA’s collaboration projects with local
JICA conducts Citizen Participatory Cooperation ac-
tivities to connect Japanese citizens aspiring to engage
in international cooperation with developing countries.
1,321 JPP projects
were implemented in fiscal 2002–2022.
governments in Japan have not been limited only
to leveraging their expertise and experience in such
sectors as water, disaster resilience, and community
JICA’s major partners in these activities include NGOs, development to address issues in developing countries.
local governments, universities, and private companies They have often involved mutual learning experiences
in Japan. These activities are designed to help solve JICA holds NGO-JICA Study Sessions aimed at mutually that have benefited Japanese local governments as
issues for local communities in Japan by leveraging learning about specific issues and at exploring more well. Through interaction with training participants
JICA’s experience in international cooperation—in opportunities for cooperation. The topics during fiscal from developing countries, some local governments A former JICA volunteer recently gave a special class on peace at a
addition to addressing development issues for devel- 2022 included the latest developments in support for have rediscovered the attractions and strengths of their junior high school in Tokyo where he teaches. He encouraged students
oping countries—through dialogue and collaboration Ukraine and protection from gender-based violence, communities while others are revitalizing their own to use their projection-mapping videos that feature a preserved war-
damaged structure in their community to express their desire for peace
with these partners. The idea is to contribute to the sexual exploitation, abuse, and harassment. communities or promoting local business interactions. to local residents. The photo shows the students receiving comments
internationalization and economic revitalization of local JICA also operates the NGO-JICA Japan Desk in JICA also cooperates with local communities in after the class in the presence of these residents. One of the students
communities in Japan. 27 developing countries to provide NGOs and other conducting international cooperation activities and later wrote an essay on their learnings from this class and won the
most outstanding prize in an essay contest organized by JICA. (Photo:
organizations based in Japan with information and developing global human resources through the Hiroyuki Takada, Higashiyamato Second Junior High School)
Dialogue with NGOs and other organizations seminars on their counterparts in these countries. coordinators for international cooperation that JICA
JICA offers multiple opportunities for dialogue with assigns to local international associations and other
partners. During fiscal 2022, the nationwide NGO-JICA Collaboration projects: The JICA Donation Fund for organizations across the country. JICA’s collaboration JICA domestic offices also provide a wide range of
Dialogue Meeting discussed, among other topics, the People of the World Program and JPP projects with local governments also takes the form of lending information on international cooperation for the public.
efforts to increase the transparency of Japan’s ODA, As part of efforts to encourage NGOs and other its employees. These employees cooperate in regional
accept foreign human resources, and build multicultural organizations to participate in international cooperation, revitalization, disaster risk reduction, and post-disaster Promotion of development education at schools
and inclusive society. At the regional level, several JICA conducts collaboration projects aimed at, among reconstruction. Recently, local governments and other JICA conducts activities aimed at promoting devel-
domestic offices of JICA, including JICA Yokohama other objectives, improving the lives and livelihoods of regional actors are making more use of JICA’s know-how opment education in schools. The idea is to foster the
and JICA Chubu, set up their own regional meetings local communities in developing countries. Collaboration and networks in supporting coexistence with foreign abilities of students and pupils to understand how
to discuss community-based topics such as how to projects that use the JICA Donation Fund for the People nationals, promoting the SDGs, and developing inter- development challenges facing the world relate to
cultivate local young human resources. In addition, of the World—which is chiefly funded by donations to national strategies. Japan; regard them as their own problems; proactively
JICA—are primarily intended for organizations with study them; and take action to overcome them. Specific
little experience in international cooperation activity. activities include working with such actors as boards
Collaboration projects under the JICA Partnership Development Education of education, teachers, and school administrators to
Program (JPP), on the other hand, are primarily intended organize training sessions and seminars for teachers;
for NGOs, local governments, universities, and private JICA Global Plaza produce and provide teaching materials; hold an essay
companies that want to develop or expand their inter- JICA’s three Global Plazas—the JICA Global Plaza in contest on international cooperation; and deliver lectures
national cooperation activity. Ichigaya, Tokyo; the Nagoya Global Plaza in Nagoya City, on international cooperation upon request.
Under JPP, JICA offers attentive cooperation at the Aichi; and the Hokkaido Global Plaza in Sapporo City, JICA, with its ample expertise, information, and human
grassroots level to meet diversifying issues and needs Hokkaido—offer hands-on exhibitions that encourage resources in international cooperation, has an ever
in developing countries. A JPP project in Indonesia, seeing, listening, and touching. Visitors can listen to increasingly larger role to play in school education in
for example, opened a roadside station to promote Global Concierges, who have abundant experience in the effort to foster creators of a sustainable society as
agritourism, adding a new sales channel for local international cooperation. These Global Plazas offer the called for in the New National Curriculum Standards,
agricultural produce. The new station came with an opportunity to learn about the realities in developing which came into effect in fiscal 2020.
adjacent evacuation shelter equipped with a water tank countries and the challenges facing the global commu-
and an emergency power source, contributing to local nity as well as international development cooperation Leveraging JICA volunteers’ experience for
disaster resilience. at work, while encouraging visitors to think about what education at schools
JICA also provides NGOs and other organizations they learned and even translate it into action. Other JICA supports the efforts of former JICA volunteers to
Iran: Aiming to promote barrier-free urban development in the with training in project management and institutional give back their volunteer experience to society. In fact,
country, the Mint Society for Iranians with Physical Handicaps, a capacity-building to enable them to successfully carry their acquired skills in problem-solving and cross-cultur-
Japan-based NPO, offers training in barrier-free urban develop-
ment to Iranian government officials and also provides leadership
out such collaboration projects. al communication have already been put to good use in
training for Iranians with disabilities. Recently, the NPO produced school education, entrepreneurship, and local social ac-

2,392,489 people
and promoted an awareness-raising video regarding barrier-free Supporting internationalization and community tivity. For example, hundreds of teachers who have par-
facilities, with local leaders with disabilities in Iran playing a central
role in the process. The NPO also helps make the sidewalks of
revitalization in Japan ticipated in the volunteer program are now giving classes
busy streets barrier-free, adding to progress in accessibility in the JICA also leverages its experience in addressing in ways to educate students so that they think of global
country. (Photo: Mint Society for Iranians with Physical Handicaps) development issues in developing countries to support visited the JICA Global Plaza in Ichigaya, Tokyo in fiscal 2006–2022 issues as their own and take action to address them.

More information JICA’s website: Civil Participation, JICA Partnership Program, JICA Global Plaza
56 57
 Partnerships to Enhance Development Effectiveness Partnerships to Enhance Development Effectiveness

Research
Co-creating Practical Knowledge for Peace and Development

The JICA Ogata Sadako Research Institute for Peace food crises and the socioeconomic impact of debt crises. Achievements in Fiscal 2022
and Development (abbreviated as JICA Ogata Research As a perspective needed to address these threats, the
Institute) launched the first issue of its regular flagship practice of human security is more relevant than ever Based on these principles and activities in these
report Human Security Today in Japanese in March before. clusters, JICA Ogata Research Institute conducted 31
2022 and in English in October 2022. It has been almost Inheriting the philosophy of Dr. Ogata Sadako, former research projects in fiscal 2022 and published part of
30 years since the concept of human security was first JICA President, JICA Ogata Research Institute conducts the outcomes.
propounded. In addition to traditional concerns such policy-oriented research on the challenges faced by
as conflicts and natural disasters, the world is also developing countries and aspires to strengthen Japan’s Outcomes of research activities
exposed to compounded crises such as energy and intellectual presence in the international community. In fiscal 2022, the institute released three research
papers, nine discussion papers, one policy note, three
knowledge reports, and one literature review.
The institute also published four books written in
Basic Research Policy Japanese and three in English, as well as six reports,
including the first issue of Human Security Today in
(1) Conduct research of international academic standard and actively disseminate its results; English, as mentioned earlier.
(2) Bridge research and practice by analyzing and synthesizing information and data from the field; and These four Japanese books include three in the series
(3) Contribute to the realization of human security. “Reconsidering the History of Japan’s Development
Cooperation,” including one on the history of Japan’s On October 7, 2022, the institute held a forum in which Nobel Prize-
policy in this sector. The three English books are aca- winning economist Joseph E. Stiglitz spoke on “The Global Economy
in Multiple Crises: Challenges for Emerging and Developing Countries
Research Clusters demic outcomes of three research projects, including and Pathways to Enhanced Resilience.” The forum discussed how
“Japan’s International Cooperation in Education: History emerging and developing countries can recover from global economic
The institute has six Research Clusters.
and Prospects” and “An Empirical Analysis on Expanding turmoil and create more resilient systems and societies.

Recent years have witnessed cases where wars, coups d’état, and authoritarian administrations destroy Rice Production in Sub Sahara Africa Phase 2.”

1 Politics and people’s peaceful lives and deprive people not only of the opportunities to pursue great possibilities in In addition, most of the outcomes of research are
Governance life but sometimes their very lives. This cluster considers what kind of conditions in both domestic and widely shared among scholars as articles in academic Sharing knowledge gained from the field
international politics, as well as social mechanisms, allow every person to enjoy human security regardless journals, books, and conference presentations. As in fiscal 2021, the institute provided various events
of the country in which they reside. and seminars. These included events celebrating the
publication of reports and books, including Human
There are still many impoverished people in the world. In order to clarify how policies and initiatives in

2
Economic Growth
developing countries contribute to economic growth and poverty reduction, this cluster conducts research
Security Today, as well as seminars on the Eighth Tokyo
and Poverty International Conference on African Development (TICAD
Reduction on the socioeconomic effects of infrastructure, finances, and more with the help of comparative analysis
of these issues with and without intervention. 8). In addition, the institute conducted a total of 25
seminars and events on contemporary issues, such as
the history of migration and multicultural understanding,
Evidence-based policy and collaboration are needed to achieve quality education for all, ensure access

3 Human to quality health services, and empower people. This cluster considers effective policies and practices security and debt distress in compounded crises, and
Development for human development by conducting research on issues such as the impact of studying abroad for pandemic response. Moreover, the institute organized
developing countries and the impact the COVID-19 pandemic had on developing countries. sessions within academic society conferences and held
joint events with other organizations on 14 occasions.
This research cluster is built on two pillars: human security and peacebuilding. It analyzes the enabling
In fiscal 2022, the institute published several books

4
Peacebuilding and for general readers as well. These include five Japanese
Humanitarian as well as the inhibiting factors in sustaining peace and studies the relationship between protection and
empowerment in human security. In this way, this cluster explores the effective approaches taken by books in the Project History series, which documents
Support
diverse actors engaged in humanitarian support, sustainable development, and sustaining peace. Japan’s contribution to developing countries from a
long-term perspective. Cutting across sectors and
regions, the topics of these books range from assistance

5
This research cluster focuses on actions toward achieving the SDGs as well as climate actions. Research to protracted refugee issues in Uganda to cooperation in
Global Environment subjects include quantitative evaluation methods for climate change adaptation measures and strategies the Southeast Asia Engineering Education Development
for sustainable development with the indicators for assessing the sustainability of societies.
Network (SEED-Net) in ASEAN countries. The institute
also published the Spanish version of a book on the
This research cluster focuses on historical research on Japanese development cooperation; research on endeavors of Japanese immigrants to Paraguay. In

6
Development development approaches such as agriculture, industrial development, and other sectors; and research on October 2022, an executive senior research fellow
Cooperation contemporary issues such as how to realize multicultural coexistence. Through these kinds of research, at the institute contributed a series of articles to the
Strategies the cluster examines how international cooperation should function and what approach should be taken
to make it more effective in today’s world.
Japanese financial daily Nihon Keizai Shimbun on
Some of the institute’s publications during fiscal 2022 developing countries’ debt in compounded crises.

More information JICA’s website: JICA Ogata Research Institute

58 59
 Partnerships to Enhance Development Effectiveness Partnerships to Enhance Development Effectiveness

Emergency Disaster Relief

Fast Response and Support That Meets Needs in Disaster-hit Areas

Recent years have seen growing climate change “heavy,” the highest of three levels. supplies or to otherwise support JDR activities. The
impacts and intensifying seismic and volcanic activity The JDR Medical Team performs medical activities in dispatch is made based on a request from the Minister
on a global scale. As such, natural disasters are more affected areas. It has been dispatched 62 times to date.* for Foreign Affairs to the Minister of Defense. It has
frequent and diversified in form, including earthquakes, Many candidate members usually work at health care been dispatched 24 times to date.*
volcanic eruptions, windstorms and floods, forest fires, institutions. They register with the JDR Medical Team
and epidemic outbreaks. They have tended to cause and receive necessary training beforehand. When a Provision of emergency relief supplies
greater damage over the years. large disaster strikes abroad, they are called in. The JICA is also responsible for promptly providing neces-
JICA dispatches Japan Disaster Relief (JDR) teams and JDR Medical Team was certified by the World Health sary humanitarian relief supplies to areas hit by a major
provides emergency relief supplies when major disasters Organization (WHO) as an Emergency Medical Team disaster abroad. To respond to immediate needs, JICA
occur overseas in response to requests received from (EMT) in 2016, becoming the fourth certified EMT in procures in advance tents, blankets, plastic sheets, and
the governments of affected countries or international the world. This classification has allowed the team to other basic items that will be needed in disaster areas
organizations. expand its work from outpatient initial emergency care and keeps stockpiles of them in warehouses at five
(EMT Type 1) to inpatient surgical and obstetric care locations around the world. JICA makes emergency
Dispatch of JDR teams (EMT Type 2) and further to hemodialysis and surgery. procurement of other items as needed in cases such
The JDR team is dispatched in the form of a Rescue The JDR Infectious Diseases Response Team is as forest fires, oil spills, and epidemic outbreaks. To
Team, a Medical Team, an Infectious Diseases Response dispatched in cases of the possible outbreak of an date, JICA has provided emergency relief supplies 590
Team, an Expert Team, or a Self-Defense Force Unit. infectious disease of international concern. It has been times.*
The JDR Rescue Team is dispatched mainly in cases dispatched six times to date.* Candidate members are Turkey: JICA transported medical equipment, matériel, and supplies
of major earthquake disasters. It has been dispatched 21 experts at research institutions, health care institutions, JICA conducted a large-scale operation for needed to deliver more advanced medical care. The JDR Medical
Team performed surgeries in a field tent for the first time in its history.
times to date.* Team members include selected rescue and the like. They receive training beforehand and the earthquake disaster in Turkey and Syria in
squad members from the police, fire authorities, and prepare for dispatch. fiscal 2022
Japan Coast Guard (JCG); structural engineers, who The JDR Expert Team provides assistance and advice On February 6, 2023, a devastating earthquake team’s work turned out to be a large-scale operation,
protect the safety of damaged properties; medical for emergency response to disasters and recovery and struck southeastern Turkey near the border of Syria. about three times in scope and almost five times in the
team members; and logisticians and coordinators. In reconstruction. It has been dispatched 55 times to date.* The Secretariat of the Japan Disaster Relief Team at amount of supplies as the levels of traditional EMT Type
ordinary times they work at their places of affiliation, but Each Expert Team is organized by experts from the JICA organized relief efforts right after the disaster hit. 1 activities. A total of 181 members were dispatched in
when a disaster strikes, they are called in via relevant public and private sectors according to the post-disaster It dispatched the JDR Rescue Team to Turkey in only three batches. An SDF aircraft was used to transport
government agencies and dispatched to affected areas. situation and local needs. a little more than 12 hours following the disaster in more than 30 tonnes of medical equipment, materials,
The JDR Rescue Team is classified by the International The Japan Self-Defense Force (SDF) Unit is dispatched cooperation with relevant government agencies. It was and supplies, including drugs, needed to provide EMT
Search and Rescue Advisory Group (INSARAG) as being to transport personnel, equipment, materials, and an unprecedentedly quick response. Type 2 care. This was also the first time the JDR Medical
On February 10, JICA sent a JDR Medical Team to Team and the SDF Unit worked together.
Turkey, where it delivered internationally certified Starting on March 10, JICA dispatched the JDR Expert
EMT Type 2 care for the first time, providing advanced Team to provide advice for recovery and reconstruc-
Japan’s Emergency Disaster Relief System medical care, including surgery and inpatient care. The tion. The team made on-the-spot surveys in affected
areas and, in consultation with Turkish specialized
Carried out by JICA based on orders from the Japanese government’s Ministry of
Dispatch of
Personnel JDR Team Foreign Affairs
and administrative agencies, came up with a set of
recommendations.
Rescue Team Police officers (incl. rescue dogs) Firefighters JCG officers Medical teams JICA also focused on providing emergency relief sup-
(doctors, nurses)
(Search and rescue) Structural engineers Ministry of Foreign Affairs JICA
plies in response to this devastating disaster damage.
Doctors Nurses Pharmacists Clinical engineers It delivered tents, blankets, sleeping pads, and other
Medical Team
(Disaster medicine)
Physical therapists Clinical radiologists Clinical laboratory technologists supplies twice to Turkey and once to Syria through the
Medical coordinators Ministry of Foreign Affairs JICA
Syrian Arab Red Crescent.
Infectious Diseases Response Team Doctors Nurses Pharmacists Medical coordinators Officials in these countries’ governments repeatedly
(Infectious disease control) Ministry of Foreign Affairs JICA
expressed their gratitude that Japan’s emergency relief
Expert Team Experts at line ministries, private companies, consulting firms, etc. helped significantly to protect the lives and health of
(Disaster response and reconstruction) JICA people in affected areas, adding that JDR team mem-
Self-Defense Force Unit Ministry of Defense bers’ commitment to executing their duties in the difficult
(Transportation, epidemic prevention, and medical care) situation greatly encouraged these people.
In March 2023, when emergency relief operations
Relief Supplies Carried out by JICA were still ongoing in Turkey, an oil tanker capsized and
Turkey: The JDR Rescue Team conducted search and rescue operations while sank off the coast of the Philippines. The resultant oil
Financial Aid Carried out by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan local residents looked on. The teams worked for seven days from the day after
the quake hit. *As of the end of March 2023.

60 61
 Partnerships to Enhance Development Effectiveness Partnerships to Enhance Development Effectiveness

JICA’s Social Bonds

A Financial Instrument to Help Achieve the SDGs

spill polluted the sea and the coast, causing serious JICA develops action guidelines, makes preparations In 2016, JICA issued Japan’s first Social Bonds in the
damage. In response, the Expert Team was dispatched for equipment, materials, and supplies, and coordinates domestic market. Since then, all JICA Bonds issued
to support activities for oil removal and control at the with relevant organizations. JICA is also stepping up domestically are Social Bonds, bringing the total amount
affected sites. other efforts. These include offering expert training of issuance to ¥420 billion by the end of fiscal 2022.
During fiscal 2022, JICA provided relief supplies on and comprehensive deployment training to maintain Proceeds of Social Bonds will be exclusively allocated
19 occasions in Asia, the Pacific, the Middle East, Africa, and improve the capacity to deliver prompt and quality to projects that address social issues.* Due to its feature
and Latin America and the Caribbean, including to Turkey relief, maintaining international certification, and better as Social Bonds, JICA Bonds have attracted attention as a
and Syria [ see the table below]. coordinating with the international community. means to contribute to the SDGs or as an ESG investment
In addition, JICA is helping to develop the disaster and have received investment announcements from A promotional image for the JICA SDG Bonds, Social Bonds for retail
Preparation for emergency response in medicine cooperation system in the ASEAN region and many investors. investors. It says “Look for an easy start for international cooperation.”
ordinary times build the capacity of the personnel involved through
Serving as a secretariat for Japan’s emergency technical cooperation projects. It also makes organiza- Proceeds of JICA Bonds are used for operations in
disaster relief operations, JICA constantly considers tion-wide, well-coordinated efforts to provide seamless Finance and Investment Cooperation
how JDR can function better and improve its activities assistance for rehabilitation and reconstruction after an The proceeds of JICA Bonds are allocated to JICA’s the development of renewable energy sources, the
on the ground. To put such considerations into action, emergency response. Finance and Investment Cooperation. They are spe- promotion of gender equality, and peacebuilding.
cifically used for projects aimed at the stability and
sustainable development of developing countries in a JICA issued Japan’s first Peacebuilding Bonds
wide range of sectors, including the development of In fiscal 2022, JICA issued Peacebuilding Bonds,
transportation infrastructure such as roads and railways, the first of their kind in Japan to enhance its efforts to
Emergency Disaster Relief in fiscal 2022
address peacebuilding. The proceeds of the bonds are
No. Date of relief Country Type of disaster Type of relief Number of those dispatched / Supplies provided
allocated to projects that assist the targeted countries
1 June 2022 Afghanistan Earthquake Provision of supplies Blankets, plastic sheets, sleeping pads, portable jerry cans
to build resilient states and societies, and contribute
2 June 2022 Kiribati Drought Provision of supplies Portable jerry cans, water purifiers
to realizing a peaceful and just society.
3 July 2022 Philippines Earthquake Provision of supplies Tents, portable jerry cans, plastic sheets, sleeping pads, generators
Amid growing interest in peace, the bonds received
4 August 2022 Pakistan Flooding Provision of supplies Tents, plastic sheets
good reviews as a tool to contribute to “Peace, justice
5 October 2022 Honduras Water damage Provision of supplies Tents, blankets, portable jerry cans, water purifiers
and strong institutions,” Goal 16 of the SDGs.
6
7
8
October 2022
October 2022
October 2022
Cuba
Guatemala
Tuvalu
Hurricane
Tropical storm
Drought
Provision of supplies
Provision of supplies
Provision of supplies
Water purifiers, water storage tanks, cord reels, adaptor plug sets
Blankets, sleeping pads
Water purifiers, water storage tanks
¥ 420 billion
Total amount of Social Bonds JICA issued
JICA SDG Bonds for retail investors
In fiscal 2022, JICA also issued JICA SDG Bonds that
9 November 2022 Belize Hurricane Provision of supplies Generators, sleeping pads, plastic sheets, blankets, tents, transformers from September 2016 to March 2023. retail investors can purchase, from the minimum unit
10 November 2022 South Sudan Flooding Provision of supplies Tents, blankets, plastic sheets, sleeping pads, portable jerry cans, water purifiers of ¥10,000. JICA SDG Bonds are welcomed by many
11 December 2022 Democratic Republic of Flooding Provision of supplies Blankets, tents, sleeping pads investors as a simple way to participate in international
the Congo cooperation.
12 February 2023 Turkey Earthquake Rescue Team 74 people
Number of announcements of investment in Going forward, JICA will continue to issue JICA Bonds
13 February 2023 Turkey Earthquake Medical Team 75 people JICA Bonds (Cumulative total) to provide a more accessible instrument to support
14 February 2023 Iran Earthquake Provision of supplies Blankets
313 international cooperation, the SDGs, and ESG investing
15 February 2023 Chile Forest fires Provision of supplies PPE for firefighting, fire extinguishing equipment, livelihood support equipment for for investors.
disaster victims
276
16 February 2023 Turkey Earthquake Provision of supplies Tents, blankets, sleeping pads
17 February 2023 Syria Earthquake Provision of supplies Tents, blankets, plastic sheets, sleeping pads
18 February 2023 Turkey Earthquake Self-Defense Force Unit 39 people (one government aircraft)
19 February 2023 Turkey Earthquake Provision of supplies Blankets, sleeping pads, generators
20 February 2023 Turkey Earthquake Medical Team 65 people 174
21 February 2023 Turkey Earthquake Medical Team 41 people
22 March 2023 Turkey Earthquake Expert Team 11 people
23 March 2023 Philippines Oil spill Expert Team 8 people 96
24 March 2023 Turkey Earthquake Self-Defense Force Unit 24 people (one KC-767 cargo aircraft)
*This dispatch is counted as one dispatch together with the Self-Defense Force Unit
dispatch in February. 47
25 March 2023 Vanuatu Cyclone Provision of supplies Portable jerry cans, water purifiers, generators 19
26 March 2023 Malawi Cyclone Provision of supplies Tents, plastic sheets, water purifiers, portable jerry cans *JICA Bonds have the features of “Social Bonds” as defined by the International
Fiscal 2017 Fiscal 2018 Fiscal 2019 Fiscal 2020 Fiscal 2021 Fiscal 2022 Capital Market Association (ICMA). JICA Social Bonds are qualified by a second-
27 March 2023 Mozambique Cyclone Provision of supplies Tents, plastic sheets, water purifiers, portable jerry cans and earlier party opinion from an independent third party.

More information JICA’s website: Emergency Disaster Relief More information JICA’s website: Investor Relations
62 63
 Efforts to Support Quality Operations Efforts to Support Quality Operations

Transparency of Operations

Project Evaluation new DAC evaluation criteria, JICA reviewed and revised Advisory Committee on Evaluation, which is composed
its own evaluation criteria for the first time in about ten of third-party experts, regularly provides advice on the
To improve projects and ensure accountability projects and to utilize evaluation results by sharing the years [ see the table on page 64]. JICA’s revised criteria evaluation method, structure, and the entire evaluation
JICA conducts its projects under the continuous PDCA basic evaluation framework across the schemes and eval- have been applied to projects that began to be evaluated system.
cycle: plan, do, check, and action. JICA’s project evaluation uators. Specific actions are twofold: (1) evaluating projects after fiscal 2021.
involves monitoring and evaluation according to this cycle in accordance with the DAC evaluation criteria, which Emphasis on the utilization of evaluation results
to further improve its projects and ensure accountability provide an international ODA evaluation perspective as Ensuring objectivity and transparency JICA utilizes project evaluation results to improve its
to stakeholders. For these two purposes, JICA conducts defined by the Development Assistance Committee of the JICA incorporates external evaluations in ex-post projects and basic policies by having them reflected in
evaluation of individual projects as well as comprehensive Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development evaluations in order to objectively measure the effects the planning and implementation processes of similar
and cross-sectoral evaluation and analysis of sets of (OECD DAC); and (2) publishing evaluation results that are of project implementation. In principle, projects that cost projects as well as in its basic policies. JICA also feeds
projects that it carries out [ see the figure below]. standardized with the use of JICA’s rating system. ¥1 billion or more are evaluated by third-party evaluators evaluation results back to partner countries in an effort to
In the ex-post evaluation, which confirms project The DAC evaluation criteria were revised in 2019 mainly (external evaluations), and the evaluation results are have the results reflected in their projects and development
outcomes, JICA aims to conduct coherent evaluations of to reflect the SDGs philosophy. In accordance with the published on the JICA website to ensure transparency. policies.
Furthermore, to improve the quality of evaluation, the
Learning
More information JICA’s website: Annual Evaluation Reports, Search Page for Evaluation Reports

Feedback—Action Accountability Ex-ante evaluation

As well as using evaluation results for At the planning stage, JICA confirms the
necessary follow-up on the completed Action Plan priority/necessity and expected effects of
project, JICA uses them as feedback to the project and sets indicators and targets
formulate similar projects in the future, by
sharing evaluation results and points to be
necessary to measure the effects both
during and after project implementation.
Performance Evaluation
improved, and making corrections in the
course of action. Project evaluation Framework for formulation of objectives and plans, evaluate JICA’s annual operational performance and
based on and performance evaluation publish the evaluation results.
the PDCA cycle
In accordance with the Act on General Rules for JICA’s operational performance both in the 4th Medium-
Incorporated Administrative Agencies, JICA conducts term Objective period (fiscal 2017–2021) and in fiscal
Ex-post evaluation Monitoring operations based on its five-year Medium-term Plan and 2021 (the last year of the 4th Medium-term Plan) was
JICA ascertains and evaluates especially JICA observes whether project activities an Annual Plan [ see page 13]. evaluated by the competent ministers as having exceeded
whether the activities conducted through Check Do are progressing as planned and project out- JICA then prepares self-evaluations on its operational the intended objectives as defined in the Medium-term
the project were appropriate for achieving comes are properly achieved, making
the intended results and which of those course corrections as necessary. performance and submits them to the competent ministers Plan, and was graded A on the whole.
results were actually achieved. Results of (principally the Minister for Foreign Affairs), who in turn
the ex-post evaluation are published on
the JICA website.
More information JICA’s website: Organization (Medium-term Plan/Annual Plan)

JICA’s new evaluation criteria and their main perspectives Framework for performance evaluation and operational management review
Medium-term (five-year) planning and evaluation cycle Annual planning and evaluation cycle
Relevance ■ Consistency with the development plan of the partner country
■ Consistency with the development needs of the partner country Ministers in charge Ministry of Internal
Affairs and Ministers in charge
■ Appropriateness of project plan and approach (Competent Ministers) Opinions on evaluation and reviews
Communications (Competent Ministers)
Operational and organizational reviews (Recommendation for amendment
and rejection of project*)
Committee on the
Coherence ■ Consistency with the ODA policy of the Japanese government and JICA Medium-term Performance System of Evaluating Performance evaluation
(5-year)
■ Interlinkage with other JICA’s projects and support (synergies, etc.) Objectives evaluation Notice of the results of Incorporated
evaluation, and operational and Administrative Agencies
■ Cooperation with other institutions / Coordination with international frameworks Instruction of
organizational reviews
Submission Notice and publication of Submission
Medium-term Objectives and the results of evaluation and
Effectiveness ■ The degree of achievement of the target level of expected project effects in the target year (noting any differences Notice and publication of
the results of evaluation
publication of
the report
(Order for operational
management improvement*)
publication of
the report
among beneficiaries)
Medium-term Self-evaluation Self-evaluation
Annual Plan
Impact ■ Realization of positive/negative, indirect, and long-term effects (including environmental and social (5-year) Plan of performance of performance

considerations), social systems and norms, human well-being, human rights, gender equality, and presence of JICA JICA
potential environmental impacts
* Based on the results of the ministers' evaluation, the ministers may recommend improvement or elimination of operations or order JICA to improve its operational
management.
Sustainability ■ Policy aspects, institutional and organizational aspects, technical aspects, financial aspects, environmental and
social aspects, response to risks, status of operation and maintenance Notes)
1. For Performance Evaluation Reports by JICA, visit JICA’s website https://www.jica.go.jp/about/disc/jisseki/index.html (in Japanese only).
Efficiency ■ Comparison of project input plans versus planned/actual project period and project costs 2. Details of JICA performance evaluations by the competent ministers, including those for fiscal 2022, are available for reference on the website of the Ministry of Foreign
Affairs https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/ms/pe_ar/page24_000483.html (in Japanese only).

64 65
 Efforts to Support Quality Operations Efforts to Support Quality Operations

Human Resources Strategy

Recruiting and Training Human Resources for Development Cooperation developing countries and Japanese society, while taking
necessary measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19.
Securing capable personnel opportunity to gain practical work experience. The Specifically, JICA made its work environment more
Experts who will engage in JICA’s field operations are Associate Expert Program is designed to train future JICA conducive to remote work, revised its telework system,
selected by three means: open recruitment via the com- experts from among young professionals who have a and introduced more flexible work hours.
prehensive international cooperation career information certain level of expertise and experience in fields where
website called PARTNER (Participatory Network for Expert development cooperation will be in much demand over Realizing diversity and inclusion
Recruitment), recommendations by stakeholder organiza- the medium- to long-term. Other training programs are JICA is making every effort to create a workplace envi-
tions, and open bidding for consultant contracts. Project designed to develop personnel ready to work at project ronment in which women can play a more active leadership
formulation advisors responsible for project formulation, sites. Capacity Enhancement Training offers information role. JICA overfulfilled two major targets for the ratio of
implementation, and management at overseas offices are on recent trends in international cooperation as well as women in managerial positions: (1) 20% or more under
Overseas OJT at work as part of new employee training in fiscal 2022,
all recruited through PARTNER. Efforts are also made to on emerging challenges. Pre-dispatch training is provided JICA’s 4th Medium-term Plan (April 2017–March 2022); and on the site of a rice cultivation project in Madagascar
secure senior advisors and special advisors who contribute for those assigned to JICA overseas offices. (2) 15% by March 2021, a target set by the government for
to the quality improvement of JICA projects based on their PARTNER, mentioned above, is widely utilized as a independent administrative agencies. This ratio for JICA
high-level expertise as specialists in their respective fields. common platform for human resources in the international increased to 23.2% by the end of March 2023. The target accessible workplaces for such employees.
cooperation sector, providing information on employment ratio during the 5th Medium-term Plan (April 2022–March JICA has also been putting considerable effort into
Training human resources for the future and internship opportunities, training courses, and events 2027) is set at 27% [ see the graph below]. training for local staff recruited at JICA overseas offices.
JICA offers various training programs for future human from a broad range of actors, such as international or- JICA is also encouraging all employees to take advan- It provides them with local training and opportunities to
resources for development cooperation. ganizations, development consultants, NGOs and NPOs, tage of the various support systems available to help work in Japan.
The JICA Internship Program provides undergrad- local governments, universities, and private companies. them achieve a balance between their respective life
uate and graduate students as well as adults with the events and careers. Many female employees who are OJT and training that focuses on initiative and
given overseas assignments after taking child care leave independence
Overview of programs in fiscal 2022 opt to bring their children with them, and this number has JICA places emphasis on on-the-job training (OJT), which
consistently been around 30. Now an increasing number promotes growth and development of employees through
JICA Senior Advisors Special Advisors Openly-recruited or recommended and screened experts,
excluding project formulation advisors of employees use the system of shorter working hours everyday duties. JICA assigns both trainers and mentors
Recruitment
100 69 419* for child care, which is available to both male and female
employees. The ratio of male employees taking child care
to new employees fresh out of school for operational
training and guidance. A characteristic system that JICA
Internship Program Associate Expert Program Capacity Enhancement Training Pre-dispatch Training for JICA Experts leave has also been on an upward trend, reaching more has introduced to take advantage of its numerous overseas
Training human resources
119 participants 36 participants 554 participants 192 participants than 20% every fiscal year since fiscal 2020. project sites is on-site OJT for new employees, who are
JICA also supports employees in striking a balance dispatched overseas for a few months, and two weeks
The comprehensive Number of individuals
registered on PARTNER
Number of companies and
organizations registered on PARTNER
Number of information offerings
on job openings (outside JICA),
Number of
career consultations between work and family care by taking advantage when they are dispatched within Japan, to instill in them
international cooperation
career information website
(accumulated total) (accumulated total) training, and seminars
of short- and long-term family care leave and external a sense of gemba (the field).
“PARTNER” 72,491 2,579 3,931 202 services according to the individual situation. As part of In order to allow new employees to get used to work and
*Total number of expert dispatches during fiscal 2022 out of the short-term and long-term experts who have been selected either by open recruitment or based on recommendations.
such support, JICA regularly holds life planning seminars function effectively, JICA assigns mentors to mid-career
The figure does not include recruits on a consulting-service contract. and talk gatherings on family care to provide information recruits as well and offers “JICA Academy,” a permanent
on such care. In addition, JICA actively employs persons training program designed to teach core skills that every
with disabilities and conducts regular internal discussion JICA employee should have.
meetings as well as in-house training for all staff to create In addition, JICA has a number of systems that support
Human Resources (Human Capital) independent career development by employees while
Trends in the ratio of female managers respecting their spontaneity. These include (1) the 10%
Toward an organization with diverse and active respect among diverse employees; and (3) implementing (%) sharing rule, a system in which employees can try their
development cooperation professionals human resources training that brings out their potential 30.0
27% hand at different kinds of work at a place other than their
Work at JICA entails overseas assignments and business and initiative. 25.0 23.2 assigned workplace; (2) the in-house intern training system,
trips chiefly to developing countries, so various innovative 20.5
22.2
in which employees can experience work in a different
18.6
measures are required to foster a balance between career Promoting work-style reform 20.0 section of their interest; (3) expansion of transfer posts
16.2
and personal life. Efforts are needed so that diverse human JICA has been endeavoring to increase work flexibility, 14.5 Target ratio of through internal recruitment; (4) training aimed at fostering
15.0 JICA’s 5th Medium-term Plan
resources with various aspirations and backgrounds will provide support for balancing work and family life, and leadership and management skills corresponding to em-
identify with JICA’s mission; join forces as development reduce the amount of overtime work. In 2018, JICA’s efforts 10.0 13.0 ployees’ respective years of experience and positions;
cooperation professionals; work safely and comfortably; were widely recognized when the organization was the (5) a long-term studies system in which employees can
and create more added value. only public-sector agency chosen by the Ministry of Internal 5.0 take a leave of absence to gain an academic degree; and
To that end, JICA is working on (1) improving the Affairs and Communications as a Telework Pioneer. (6) a secondment training system in which employees
0.0
working environment; (2) nurturing a corporate culture In fiscal 2022, JICA continued to promote flexible work End of
March
End of
March
End of
March
End of
March
End of
March
End of
March
End of
March
End of
March
can broaden their knowledge and skills through work at
that embraces mutual help, mutual growth, and mutual styles to enable the organization to fulfill its duties to 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2027 a different organization.

66 67
 Efforts to Support Quality Operations Efforts to Support Quality Operations

Efforts to Combat Climate Change

JICA identifies efforts to tackle climate change and strengthen information-sharing as one of its priorities in view following: Opportunities and risks associated with climate change
of a number of initiatives, including the SDGs; the Paris Agreement of 2015; the 2017 recommendations compiled by “To lead global decarbonization efforts, Japan will The main opportunity that climate change offers for JICA
the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD), established by the Financial Stability Board; and, in proceed with energy transition cooperation with partner is the potential to further support developing countries
particular, the 2050 Carbon Neutral Declaration, announced by the Japanese government in 2020. JICA will remain countries. This will involve offering all available options in achieving a carbon-neutral society by (1) supporting
committed to helping realize a carbon-neutral society under this and other policies of the Japanese government. for reducing their carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, mitigation projects that concern the promotion of renew-
including through renewable energies (such as wind, ables, energy saving, and forest conservation as well as
solar, geothermal, and hydraulic), as well as hydrogen, adaptation projects that focus on disaster risk reduction
ammonia, energy management techniques, and carbon and other aspects; (2) implementing more projects under
Governance capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) or carbon re- contract to the Green Climate Fund; and (3) expanding
cycling, and ocean thermal energy conversion. It will research that contributes to climate action.
JICA prepares its five-year Medium-term Plan and and Social Considerations (ESC Guidelines) in managing also involve supporting the development of policies Associated major risks include the impact that the
an Annual Plan and operates based on these plans in its operations [ see page 70]. and long-term strategies with a view to attaining de- increase in natural hazards in developing countries might
order to achieve the Medium-term Objectives set by the carbonization in accordance with the Paris Agreement. have on JICA’s operations (physical risks) as well as the
competent ministers (principally the Minister for Foreign Organizational framework for enhancing operations In the process, Japan will capitalize on its own unique additional costs of dealing with climate change in its
Affairs). Response to climate change is also covered and ensuring transparency experience in energy and power generation based on a operations that result from stricter laws and regulations
in these plans and operations. In addition, JICA works With regard to the organizational framework, the General deep understanding of the needs of partner countries. and rapid technological progress (transitional risks). JICA
to enhance the development effectiveness of projects Affairs Department is responsible for the environmental In addition, while extending initial-phase support in the has conducted scenario analyses to assess the impacts of
it cooperates on with developing countries—including policy of the entire organization; the Office for Climate form of feasibly studies (F/S), verification surveys, and risks associated with climate change. It will also proceed
those involving climate action—through monitoring and Change, established in 2010 within the Global Environment others, Japan will enhance its capacity to offer support with the study of strategies aimed at supporting a transition
evaluation processes that utilize a consistent framework Department, is aimed at enhancing climate-related packages that involve private-public partnerships and to a carbon-neutral society.
covering every stage, from ex-ante evaluation and in- operations; the Credit Risk Analysis and Environmental thus offer diverse options.” (Tentative translation) *A climate fund is a pool of money contributed by national public funds, multilateral
operation monitoring to ex-post evaluation and feedback Review Department is responsible for managing the ESC development banks such as the World Bank, and the private sector for climate
actions. Climate actions refer to activities aimed at reducing GHG emissions and
[ see page 64]. Guidelines; and the Secretariat of the Examiner for the Under this and other policies of the Japanese govern- increasing their uptake (mitigation), those aimed at preventing and reducing
Moreover, in 2015, JICA formulated the JICA Guidelines handles objections, the content of which are ment, JICA will make efforts to combat climate change. damage associated with the impact of climate change (adaptation), or both.
Environmental Policy as the organizational policy on reviewed by the Examiners, who are independent of the
global environmental sustainability that also covers climate operational departments of JICA. In April 2023, JICA
action. In July 2021, JICA established a strategy—JICA established the Office for Sustainability Management
Global Agenda No. 16 Climate Change—for climate action within the General Affairs Department to comprehensively
projects it cooperates on with developing countries. JICA promote sustainability, including climate action. Risk Management
also complies with the JICA Guidelines for Environmental
JICA identifies and assesses the climate risks of its survey and detailed design, both of which are conducted
operations (hazards, exposures, vulnerabilities) and studies in the project planning phase. JICA also supports capacity
measures to address them in the project formulation phase. building in the climate change sector in partner countries
Specifically, the Climate Finance Impact Tool (JICA Climate- through its training programs and other technical coopera-
Strategy FIT) is used to assess these climate risks and to look into tion. Furthermore, JICA takes measures to reinforce Japan’s
the possibility of integrating activities conducive to climate support capabilities, including by offering capacity-building
Actions to achieve international goals inventorying greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, strengthen- actions (mitigation and adaptation measures). training to relevant parties in Japan and overseas, gathering
Under the strategy for climate action projects that JICA ing the framework for greater transparency regarding such In addition, JICA may help ESC-related surveys and information on ESC in developing countries, and sharing
formulated in July 2021, JICA works with developing emissions, and introducing and utilizing climate funds.* procedures in partner countries through the preparatory information with other development partners.
countries as partners to forge ahead with development 2. Broader actions that offer co-benefits and aim to
cooperation aimed at supporting a transition to a car- achieve synergy between resolving development issues
bon-neutral society and making societies resilient to and combating climate change through the implementation
climate change so as to lead sustainable development. of projects in a range of relevant sectors—among them
Through such efforts, JICA also aims to contribute to energy, urban development, transportation, and the Metrics and Targets
achieving the international goals laid out by a number of conservation of the natural environment, including forests,
international arrangements, including the Paris Agreement, agriculture, environmental management, disaster risk JICA understands that climate change will pose higher In addition, JICA will remain committed to reducing
the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, the reduction, water resources management, and health care. risks for its operations and the achievement of develop- energy consumption at its offices and facilities in Japan
UN Convention on Biological Diversity, the Osaka Blue ment impacts, especially in relation to the SDGs. With with specific targets.
Ocean Vision, and the SDGs. Complying with new strategies of the Japanese this understanding, JICA is in the process of introducing
The strategy calls for two sets of specific actions: government a framework for evaluating and managing risks and op-
1. Actions designed to support developing countries in In June 2023, the Japanese government finalized the portunities associated with GHG emissions and climate
delivering on the Paris Agreement in such aspects as Infrastructure System Overseas Promotion Strategy 2025 change.
formulating and implementing climate change plans, (supplementary version, June 2023), which states the

More information JICA’s website: Climate Change / Environmental and Social Considerations, Climate Change, JICA Sustainability Report
68 69
 Efforts to Support Quality Operations Efforts to Support Quality Operations

Environmental and Social Considerations Security Measures

JICA ensures that environmental and social consider- the post-completion stage [ see the figure below]. A new declaration on security measures while they were temporarily returning to Japan.
ations are given to its projects under the JICA Guidelines for In each process, JICA proactively discloses information Following the terrorist attack in Dhaka, Bangladesh,
Environmental and Social Considerations (ESC Guidelines) on environmental and social considerations in collabora- that occurred on July 1, 2016, JICA announced the JICA Enhancing security measures
as well as the JICA Objection Procedures Based on the tion with project proponents, among others, in order to Declaration on Security Measures in November 2017. This In addition to the impact of the worldwide COVID-19
Guidelines for Environmental and Social Considerations ensure accountability and promote the participation of declaration expressed to people in Japan and abroad pandemic, public security deteriorated further due to
(Objection Procedures). various stakeholders. JICA’s strong resolve to do all it can to ensure that its soaring prices triggered by the situation in Ukraine. Given
As part of such efforts, JICA has in place the Advisory partners engaged in JICA’s cooperation (JICA partners) that crime was on the rise and becoming more heinous,
Main points of the ESC Guidelines and the Objection Committee for Environmental and Social Considerations as can travel to their assignment locations safely, work JICA continued to take other security measures aside
Procedures an independent standing council that provides advice to there safely, and return home safely. After President from providing alerts and holding meetings of the Security
ESC Guidelines intend that JICA’s cooperation activi- JICA on its examination and support of ESC. The committee Tanaka Akihiko took office in 2022, JICA renewed the Consultation and Liaison Committee at its overseas offices,
ties can achieve sustainable development outcomes by consists of external experts in the relevant fields who have JICA Declaration on Security Measures and announced as mentioned earlier.
minimizing the negative impacts on the natural and social been impartially selected following public announcement. it both internally and externally. The declaration is built These measures included (1) reviewing and applying
environment. Under the ESC Guidelines, JICA supports Furthermore, to ensure transparency and accountability, on three pillars: highest priority to human life, optimal security measures in a timely and appropriate manner
and reviews appropriate environmental and social con- JICA discloses the minutes of the meetings of the Advisory security measures, and a sense of ownership on security based on comprehensive information collection and analy-
siderations undertaken by the project proponents. This Committee for Environmental and Social Considerations measures. sis, (2) providing alerts on crime and terrorism, (3) offering
is to avoid or to minimize impacts on the environment as well as ESC-related documents prepared by project security training, partly online, to JICA employees and
and local communities caused by projects, and to pre- proponents and others. Security measures in an era of coexistence with partners, and (4) maintaining and strengthening the
vent the occurrence of unacceptable adverse impacts. COVID-19 24-hour standby system at JICA headquarters. In fiscal
Objection procedures are in place to receive objections JICA has taken steps to resume international traveling 2022, JICA continued to offer various seminars as well.
from local residents, review JICA’s compliance with the Flowchart for environmental and social consideration of related personnel to their assigned countries after Among them were health and security seminars for JICA
procedures
ESC Guidelines, and facilitate dispute resolution. confirming that health care and transfer arrangements partners from consultancies and universities, and security
The new ESC Guidelines, revised for the first time are adequately in place with regard to COVID-19. In workshops along with security seminars for JICA volunteers
in 12 years in January 2022, cover efforts to estimate Start to consider project development December 2022, JICA lifted COVID-related restrictions at JICA overseas offices in Sub-Saharan Africa, where
and disclose total emissions of greenhouse gases as a on international travel for all its related personnel, and crime was on the rise.
response to climate change. They also involve changes Screening by the end of March 2023, the number of countries to Partners who will be dispatched overseas under direct
to the requirements for information disclosure concerning which travel was resumed reached 126. contract to JICA must receive self-defense training prior to
environmental impact assessment reports so as to pro- Environmental Categories Disclose the results of As crime became more prevalent and atrocious due their departure. JICA offers practical training and a lecture
mote the dissemination of information and dialogue with A B FI C
the categorization on in part to the prolonged global pandemic, JICA gave 12 times per year for partners who will be dispatched
JICA’s website
stakeholders in the early stages of project planning and relevant alerts to its partners working abroad based on overseas under contract to a JICA partner company or
to produce development effects more quickly. Moreover, case studies of actual crimes. Meetings of the Security organization as well as for partners in financial cooperation.
Preparatory
aiming to secure the appropriate participation of local Advisory Survey Consultation and Liaison Committee were held at all They are encouraged to receive such training before their
people who may be affected by the project in the process Committee (implemented when
necessary)
overseas offices, and specific warnings and guidance departure.
of confirming environmental and social considerations, to strengthen security amid the pandemic were given to
the revised ESC Guidelines have improved the existing Disclose the documents
956 partners in 30 countries in total by the end of March
standards of action and have made adjustments as of the preparatory 2023. These meetings called attention to and provided
appropriate in light of the responses of the World Bank surveys and ESC on guidance on strengthening security measures, such as
JICA’s website
and other international organizations. how to better protect their residences in partner countries
In conjunction with the revision of the ESC Guidelines, the
Objection Procedures were reviewed from the viewpoint of Advisory Environmental
clarifying the independence and neutrality of the Examiners Committee Review
for the ESC Guidelines, securing a sufficient time frame for
the Examiners’ investigation, and improving accessibility
by revising the requirements for raising an objection. Disclose the results
of the environmental
review on JICA’s website
Procedures of ESC and endeavors to ensure
transparency
The ESC Guidelines consist of three processes: (1) Conclusion of agreement documents
Screening, in which projects are classified into four
categories based on the magnitude of their potential
impacts; (2) Environmental Review, in which JICA examines Disclose on JICA’s
Advisory website the monitoring
and evaluates the ESC during the review of the project Committee Monitoring results made public by A wall between a liaison office for JICA volunteers and a neighboring house, A self-defense training in action to teach how to protect against an explosion
proposal; and (3) Monitoring, in which JICA follows up on project proponents etc. topped with barbed wire to deter intrusion. (The photo was taken by a security
the ESC activities for a specific period of time, including advisory mission dispatched to the country.)

More information JICA’s website: Climate Change / Environmental and Social Considerations
70 71
 Efforts to Support Quality Operations Efforts to Support Quality Operations

Corporate Governance

Internal Control Compliance and Risk Management

In order to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of JICA has also established the Office of Audit as an inde- JICA’s Compliance Policy of regulations designed to raise compliance awareness
its operations, to comply with laws and other rules, and pendent section that conducts internal audits to ensure the among officers and staff and to ensure fairness in op-
to accomplish objectives as stipulated in the Act of the efficiency and effectiveness of its operations. Furthermore, (1) JICA shall improve the transparency and fairness of its erations. The Compliance Rules stipulate key reporting
Incorporated Administrative Agency–Japan International JICA receives audits from auditors and accounting auditors, operations and financial activities in order to secure public systems, including the Incident Reporting System, Internal
Cooperation Agency, JICA has developed a corporate and maintains the quality of its governance by making trust. Whistleblowing System, and External Reporting System.
governance structure that encompasses a system of necessary improvements to its operations based on the (2) JICA shall contribute to the sound development of the The Compliance Rules also delineate functions of the
internal discipline. results of the audits. international economic community through development Compliance Committee. JICA also endeavors to prevent
Specifically, in order to promote internal control as As part of its efforts to raise awareness and reinforce assistance in order to secure the trust of the international fraud and corruption, such as bribery and other fraudulent
laid out in the Act on General Rules for Incorporated action for internal control, JICA has developed relevant community. practices, from occurring in JICA-funded projects by ac-
Administrative Agencies, JICA has established an internal regulations for the internal control system and a regula- (3) JICA shall meet the needs of developing regions and cepting reports at the Consultation Desk on Anti-Corruption
control system where, under the President, who represents tion that sets out basic business procedures. It has also swiftly and flexibly provide quality services. and other means.
JICA and presides over its operations, the Senior Vice compiled a policy document titled “Internal Control at (4) JICA shall consider natural and social environments when
President in charge of general affairs takes charge of JICA,” which is available to the public. conducting its operations. Risk management
internal control along with the Director General of the For important areas of internal control, JICA sets up (5) JICA shall communicate well with various levels of society For effective and efficient delivery of its organizational
General Affairs Department, who takes charge of its committees that deliberate on relevant issues and take and maintain an organizational culture of transparency. objectives and plans, such as the Medium-term Plans,
promotion within the organization. Under this system, necessary precautions. JICA also has mechanisms to JICA defines risks as factors that will act as barriers to
the status of internal control is monitored and major issues receive internal and external reporting for early detection its operations. It then assures implementation of risk
regarding internal control are summarized and reported and prevention of regulatory noncompliance. management systems, performs risk identification and
to the Board of Directors. Compliance assessment, and deals with such risks for the smooth
It is important that JICA, as an organization that running of its projects.
implements Japan’s ODA, meets the expectations of All departments in JICA annually identify risks that are
Corporate Governance
the Japanese public and the international community relevant to their operations. They assess how these risks
in accordance with social norms, not to mention laws, affect their operations and the organization and strive to
Report* 1/Opinions* 2
regulations, and rules. reduce them. The Risk Management Committee, chaired
President Auditor To properly enforce compliance, JICA has in place rules by the Senior Vice President in charge of internal control,
Auditing and guidelines to be observed by its officers and staff reviews the results of the risk assessments and examines
Report
as well as all parties involved in ODA projects. Among and confirms the countermeasures to the risks in order
Report them, the Compliance Rules of JICA lay out a number to strengthen organizational responses.
Chairperson Board of Directors
Report Report
(President, Executive Senior Vice President, or
Senior Vice President in charge)
Accounting
Auditor
Report Auditing
Office of Audit Financial Risk Management of Finance and Investment Cooperation
Sustainability Committee Senior Vice President in charge of Internal Audit
internal control The operations of Finance and Investment Cooperation JICA has established the Risk Management Committee for
Compliance Committee (ODA Loans and Private-Sector Investment Finance) involve Finance and Investment Account that examines important
Report financial risks such as credit risk, market risk, liquidity risk, issues related to integrated risk management.
Risk Management Committee and operational risk. The nature as well as the volume of
Monitoring Section in charge of promotion of
internal control the risks in JICA’s operations and the ways they are dealt Credit risk
Risk Management Committee for (Officer in charge of promotion of internal control:
Director General of General Affairs Department)
with differ from the risks and countermeasures at private Credit risk refers to the potential loss from a decline
Finance and Investment Account financial institutions. Nonetheless, it is essential for JICA in, or total loss of, the value of assets (including off-
Information Security Committee
to appropriately manage risks by incorporating the risk balance-sheet assets) due to the deteriorating financial
management methods of general financial institutions. condition of a borrower. The main area of Finance
Personnel in charge of promotion of More specifically, risk management of Finance and and Investment Cooperation is lending to sovereigns.
Information System Committee internal control
(Director General of each department) Investment Cooperation is positioned as a managerial Consequently, credit risk management of sovereign risk
issue that needs to be addressed systematically by has a prominent position in this form of cooperation. As
Major committees for corporate governance System for promotion of internal control
the entire organization. JICA has thus adopted a risk an official financer, JICA therefore evaluates sovereign
management policy for its operations. Under the policy, risk by making full use of information gathered through
JICA identifies, measures, and monitors various risks. The communication with governments and relevant authorities
*1 The audit report is submitted to the competent minister via the president.
objective of this policy is to ensure sound and effective in the recipient countries, multilateral institutions such as
*2 Opinions can be submitted to the competent minister. operations and to earn returns commensurate with risks. the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank,

72 73
 Efforts to Support Quality Operations Efforts to Support Quality Operations

other regional and bilateral donor organizations, as well as capacity to absorb interest rate risk by building up its Information Security and Personal Information Protection
private financial institutions in developed countries. As for capital defenses with acceptance of government invest-
Private-Sector Investment Finance (PSIF), JICA assesses ments and retained earnings reserve. JICA is committed to information security and protection with the changes that were made to the Act on the
the risk associated with lending to private entities. Furthermore, interest rate swaps are carried out of personal information by improving related internal Protection of Personal Information (Act No. 57 of May 30,
exclusively for the purpose of hedging interest rate regulations. 2003). Furthermore, JICA is taking actions to comply with
1. Credit rating system risk. In order to control the counterparty credit risk of JICA’s information security measures are based on the new Standard Contractual Clauses under the General
Credit ratings are the cornerstone of credit risk man- interest rate swaps, the market value of transactions and relevant internal regulations in accordance with the Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the European Union
agement, being used for conducting individual credit the creditworthiness of each counterparty are constantly “Common Standards Group on Cybersecurity Measures and the European Economic Area.
appraisals, calculating allowance for loan losses, and assessed, and collateral is secured when necessary. of Government Agencies and Related Agencies,” which Today, the importance of information security and
quantifying credit risks. Credit ratings are divided into JICA hedges exchange rate risks, which may arise from was published in fiscal 2021. JICA is looking to scale up personal information protection is growing. JICA continues
two categories: sovereign borrowers and non-sovereign foreign currency denominated loans and the Japanese its measures against cyberattacks and other risks toward to step up efforts to meet this shift in strengthening its
borrowers. A different credit rating system is applied for ODA Loan with Currency Conversion Option, by way of renewing its information system infrastructure and JICA’s operations. These efforts include, among others, (1) offering
each category, and ratings are subsequently updated as issuing foreign currency denominated bonds as well as information network. drills and training courses for staff, and (2) strengthening
appropriate. currency swaps, etc. JICA also continued to reinforce personal information the framework of the Computer Security Incident Response
Moreover, when foreign currency denominated invest- protection. Internal regulations were revised in accordance Team (CSIRT).
2. Self-assessment of asset portfolio ments are extended in PSIF, the valuation of investments
Self-assessment of asset portfolio refers to the act is exposed to exchange risks. JICA manages this risk
by financial institutions of categorizing their own assets through regular and continuous monitoring of exchange
according to the degree of risk of such assets becoming rate fluctuations in the currency of the country in which
unrecoverable or their value being eroded. It provides a the counterparty is located. Information Disclosure
means to manage credit risk; it is also a requirement for
implementing write-offs and allowance for loan losses Liquidity risk In accordance with the Act on Access to Information finance; information related to the evaluation and audit
in a proper and timely manner. JICA’s internal rules Liquidity risk refers both to funding-liquidity risk and Held by Independent Administrative Agencies, JICA, thereof; information related to procurement and contracts;
for self-assessment of asset portfolio align with the market-liquidity risk. Funding-liquidity risk is the risk of through its website and other means, provides access and information on related entities.
laws applicable to general financial institutions, and to incurring losses due to a mismatch between the maturity to information related to its organization, operations, and
ensure an appropriate checking function, the first-stage of assets and liabilities, an unexpected delay in collec-
assessment is conducted by the financing departments tion, or an unexpected increase in spending, making it
while the second-stage assessment is conducted by the difficult to secure the necessary funds or being forced
credit risk analysis department. to obtain funds at much higher interest rates than under
normal conditions. Market-liquidity risk is the risk of Efforts to Improve Management of the Organization and Operations
3. Quantifying credit risk incurring losses due to being unable to conduct market
In addition to individual credit risk management, JICA transactions or being forced to conduct transactions at Based on the Medium-term Objectives and Plans, JICA 2022 to integrate operations for supporting Ukraine and
is working on quantifying credit risks with a view to eval- far more unfavorable prices than under normal conditions has been working on improvement of organizational and neighboring countries. To further reform procurement op-
uating the risk of the overall loan portfolio. In quantifying due to a market crisis or similar issue. operational management. erations, JICA created the new position of Director General
credit risks, JICA takes into account the characteristics JICA uses various measures to avoid liquidity risk for Procurement Promotion and set up Procurement
of its loan portfolio, a significant proportion of which through management of its cash flow. This includes ef- Development of organizational foundations for Promotion Division 1 and Procurement Promotion Division
consists of long-term loans and sovereign loans to de- forts to secure multiple sources of funds, such as Agency strategic operational management 2 within the Operations Support Department.
veloping and emerging countries. Also, JICA takes into Bonds and borrowing under the Fiscal Investment and In fiscal 2022, JICA established the Sustainability
account multilateral mechanisms for securing assets Loan Program. Committee. This committee deliberates on how JICA Optimization and streamlining of administrative
such as the Paris Club, which is a unique framework should address sustainability, particularly matters related operations
for debt management by official creditor countries. By Operational risk to organization-wide policy, strategies, management In order to meet domestic and international expectations
incorporating these factors in the credit risk quantifica- Operational risk refers to potential losses incurred from structure, organizational and operational management, for Japan’s development cooperation, JICA is committed to
tion model, JICA measures credit risk and utilizes it for improper work processes, personnel activities, and sys- and information disclosure. Under the decision of the optimization and streamlining of administrative operations,
internal controls. tems, or from other external events. For JICA, operational committee, JICA promotes sustainability-related activities. and has focused on reducing fixed expenses, optimizing
risks refer to risks that stem from its operations, systems, In addition, JICA established the Office for Ukraine Crisis personnel expenses, and streamlining its assets.
Market risk and internal or external misconduct. JICA manages such Response, Recovery and Reconstruction in September
Market risk refers to the potential losses incurred risks as part of its efforts to promote its compliance
through changes in the value of assets and liabilities policy.
caused by fluctuations in foreign currency exchange
rates or interest rates.
JICA bears interest rate risks arising from exposure to
market interest rate fluctuations for its long-term fixed
interest rate loans. In this regard, JICA is enhancing its Note) For information related to disclosure, visit JICA’s Web page https://www.jica.go.jp/disc/index.html (in Japanese only).

74 75
 Organizational Information Organizational Information

Organization Chart Executive Officers and Auditors

(As of July 1, 2023) (As of July 1, 2023)

Number of staff: 1,968 Office of the President 1. Number of executive officers and auditors: Pursuant to Title Name Date of Appointment
Article 7 of the JICA Act, there shall be one president and
Office of Audit three auditors, and there may be one executive senior President TANAKA Akihiko April 1, 2022
vice president and up to eight senior vice presidents. Previous Position: President, the National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies (GRIPS), Japan
General Affairs Department 2. Terms of office of executive officers and auditors:
Pursuant to Article 21 of the Act on General Rules for Executive Senior Vice President YAMADA Junichi May 23, 2020
Security Management Department Incorporated Administrative Agencies, the term of office
of the president is from the date of appointment until the Senior Vice President, JICA
Previous Position: 
Information System Department
last day of the mid-term plan currently in effect at the
Media and Public Relations Department time of the appointment, and the term of office of each Senior Vice President YOKOYAMA Tadashi October 1, 2019 (Reappointment)
auditor is from the date of appointment until the date
Deputy Vice Minister for international affairs, Ministry of Finance
Previous Position: 
Human Resources Department that the audited financial statements covering the final
fiscal year of the mid-term plan for which such auditor
Treasury, Finance and Accounting Department is responsible are approved. Pursuant to Article 9 of Senior Vice President NAKAZAWA Keiichiro May 23, 2020 (Reappointment)
the JICA Act, the term of office of the executive senior Director General, Operations Strategy Department, JICA
Previous Position: 
Loan, Grant and General Administration Department vice president, if any, is four years, and the term of
office of the senior vice presidents, if any, is two years.
Operations Strategy Department Senior Vice President SHIBATA Hironori July 1, 2020 (Reappointment)
Deputy Director-General for International Trade Policy of the Trade Policy Bureau, Ministry of
Previous Position: 
Vice Presidents and Southeast Asia and Pacific Department Economy, Trade and Industry
other senior officials*
East and Central Asia and the Caucasus Department Senior Vice President ONODERA Seiichi July 1, 2021 (Reappointment)

South Asia Department Counselor for Global Strategies, Minister’s Secretariat, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure,
Previous Position: 
President Transport and Tourism
Executive Senior Vice President Headquarters Latin America and the Caribbean Department Senior Vice President IMOTO Sachiko October 1, 2021
Senior Vice Presidents Africa Department Director General, Media and Public Relations Department, JICA
Previous Position: 

Middle East and Europe Department

Senior Vice President ANDO Naoki October 1, 2022
Private Sector Partnership and Finance Department Director General, Operations Strategy Department, JICA
Previous Position: 
Auditors
Governance and Peacebuilding Department
Senior Vice President MIYAZAKI Katsura October 1, 2022
Human Development Department Director General, Governance and Peacebuilding Department, JICA
Previous Position: 

Economic Development Department

Senior Vice President IKURA Yoshinobu December 1, 2022
Infrastructure Management Department Director General, Human Resources Department, JICA
Previous Position: 

Global Environment Department

Auditor SANO Keiko July 1, 2022
Domestic Strategy and Partnership Department
Director General, Economic Development Department, JICA
Previous Position: 

Financial Cooperation Implementation Department

Auditor SEKIGUCHI Noriko July 1, 2022
Infrastructure Engineering Department
Previous Position: Representative of Sekiguchi Noriko CPA Office
Credit Risk Analysis and Environmental Review Department
Auditor AKAHANE Takashi December 1, 2022
Operations Support Department
Previous Position: Managing Partner at Anderson Mori & Tomotsune
Evaluation Department
(Senior Vice Presidents and Auditors are listed in the order of their appointment.)
Secretariat of Japan Overseas Cooperation Volunteers

Secretariat of Japan Disaster Relief Team

JICA Ogata Sadako Research Institute for Peace and Development

Domestic Offices

Overseas Offices

*Including Chief Digital Officer (CDO) Note) Please refer to pages 80 to 81 for a list of JICA's Offices.

JICA’s website: Board Members

76 77
 Organizational Information Organizational Information

Overview of Financial Statements Budget

General Account Finance and Investment Account 1 General Account Revenue and Expenditure Budget (FY2023)
1. Overview of Balance Sheet 1. Overview of Balance Sheet (¥ million)
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023, total assets amounted to ¥386,578 For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023, total assets amounted to ¥15,473,216 Items FY2023
million, increasing ¥29,965 million from the previous fiscal year, primarily due million, increasing ¥1,232,006 million from the previous fiscal year, primarily
to the ¥35,655 million increase in cash and deposits. The ending balance of due to the ¥1,072,421 million increase in loans. Total liabilities were ¥5,258,958 Revenues 152,739
cash and deposits of ¥303,887 million includes donated funds for grant aid million, increasing ¥1,127,034 million year-on-year, primarily due to the ¥927,822
projects which amount to ¥225,035 million. Total liabilities were ¥330,619 million, million increase in borrowings from government fund for Fiscal Investment and Operational grants 150,302
increasing ¥96,767 million year-on-year, primarily due to the ¥63,662 million Loan Program. Subsidies for facilities, etc. 1,549
increase in operational grant liabilities which was ¥0 in the previous fiscal year
and the ¥39,895 million increase in funds for grant aid. Interest income and miscellaneous income 298
(Unit: Millions of yen) (Unit: Millions of yen)
Contracted programs 513
Assets Amount Liabilities Amount Assets Amount Liabilities Amount
Current assets Current liabilities Current assets Current liabilities Donations 78
Cash and deposits 303,887 Operational grant liabilities 63,662 Cash and deposits 302,830 Current portion of borrowings
Others 24,920 Funds for grant aid 218,148 Loans 15,125,568 from government fund for Fiscal 141,879 Other revenue —
Non-current assets Others 26,714 Allowance for loan losses (240,443) Investment and Loan Program
Tangible assets 39,822 Non-current liabilities Others 84,993
Others 74,287 Reversal of reserve fund carried over from the previous Mid-term Objective period —
Non-current liabilities
Intangible assets 2,734 Contra accounts for assets 8,348 Non-current assets
Investments and other assets 15,215 Provision for retirement benefits 13,261 Tangible assets 9,137
Bonds
Borrowings from government
1,204,619
Expenditures 152,739
Others 486 Intangible assets 9,227
fund for Fiscal Investment and 3,828,725
Total liabilities 330,619 Investments and other assets Loan Program Operating expenses 137,105
Net assets Claims probable in bank- Others 9,447
Capital ruptcy, claims probable in
rehabilitation and other
87,063 Total liabilities 5,258,958 (Excluding special operating expenses) 136,225
Government investment 61,152 Net assets
Capital surplus (24,255)
Allowance for loan losses (87,063)
Capital Facilities 1,549
Others 181,903
Retained earnings 19,062 Government investment 8,296,278
Total net assets 55,959 Retained earnings
Contracted programs 513
Total assets 386,578 Total of liabilities and net assets 386,578 Reserve fund 1,855,344 Donation programs 78
Others 54,348
Valuation and translation
8,288
General administrative expenses 13,494
adjustments
Total net assets 10,214,257 Notes) 1. In some cases, the numbers do not correspond to the figures reflected in the "Total" section because of rounding estimates.
Total assets 15,473,216 Total of liabilities and net assets 15,473,216 2. Because Grant Aid planning is determined by cabinet decision, the budget, income and expenditure plan, and financial plan prescribed in Article 13, Paragraph 1, Item 3 (i)
of the JICA Act (Act No. 136 of 2002), are not included.

2. Overview of Statement of Income 2. Overview of Statement of Income

For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023, ordinary expenses amounted For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023, ordinary expenses amounted to
to ¥265,331 million, increasing ¥38,247 million from the previous fiscal year. ¥112,819 million, decreasing ¥16,727 million from the previous fiscal year. The
The major factor of the increase was the ¥51,117 million increase in expenses major factors of the decrease were the ¥37,633 million decrease in provision for
for grant aid. Ordinary revenues totaled ¥218,791 million, decreasing ¥54,902 allowance for loan losses and the ¥11,829 million increase in interest on bonds
million year-on-year. The major factors of the decrease were the ¥104,937 million and notes. Ordinary revenues increased ¥14,757 million to ¥167,170 million. The
decrease in revenues from operational grants and the ¥51,117 million increase major factor of the increase was the ¥8,759 million increase in interest on loans 2 Financial Plan for the Finance and Investment Account (FY2023)
in revenues from grant aid. from the previous fiscal year. In addition to the ordinary income noted above, there
(¥100 million)
were extraordinary losses of ¥9 million, including loss on disposal of non-current
assets and other losses, and extraordinary income of ¥5 million as gain on sales FY2023
of non-current assets. As a result, total income for the current fiscal year was Investment and loan ODA loans 17,685
¥54,348 million, increasing ¥31,537 million from the previous fiscal year.
(Unit: Millions of yen) (Unit: Millions of yen)
Private-sector investment finance 1,255
Amount Amount Total 18,940
Ordinary expenses 265,331 Ordinary expenses 112,819
Operating expenses
Expenses for priority sectors and regions
253,465
74,602
Expenses related to operations of cooperation through finance and investment
Interest on bonds and notes
112,819
20,260
Source of funds Capital investment from the Government of Japan (GOJ)’s General Account 478
Expenses for domestic partnership and acceptance of foreign human resources 13,009 Interest on borrowings 16,902 Borrowings from the Fiscal Investment and Loan Program (FILP) 12,686
Expenses for operation support 41,802 Interest on interest rate swaps 6,350
Expenses for grant aid 108,682 Operations consignment expenses 21,899
FILP Agency Bonds 800
Others 15,369 Operating and administrative expenses 9,525
General administrative expenses 11,856 Others 14,294
Other Own funds, etc. 4,976
Others 11 Ordinary revenues 167,170
Ordinary revenues 218,791 Revenues from operations of cooperation through finance and investment 161,290
Revenues from operational grants 103,454 Interest on loans 127,304
Total 18,940
Revenues from grant aid 108,682 Dividends on investments 9,127
Others 6,655 Others 24,859
Extraordinary losses 87 Others 5,881
Extraordinary income 86 Extraordinary losses 9
Reversal of reserve fund carried over from the previous Mid-term Objective Period 49,217 Extraordinary income 5
Total income for the current fiscal year 2,675 Total income for the current fiscal year 54,348

Notes) ⋅Because the amounts are rounded to the nearest million, the total amount does not Notes) ⋅Because the amounts are rounded to the nearest million, the total amount does not
always match the sum of each amount. always match the sum of each amount.
⋅See JICA Annual Report Data Book 2023 for detailed financial conditions. ⋅See JICA Annual Report Data Book 2023 for detailed financial conditions.

78 79
 Organizational Information Organizational Information

Offices
(As of July 1, 2023)

Headquarters Overseas Offices (Alphabetical order)

(Kojimachi) (Ichigaya/JICA Global Plaza)

TEL: +81-3-5226-6660 through 6663 TEL: +81-3-3269-2911
Nibancho Center Building, 5-25 Niban-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Ichigaya Building, 10-5 Ichigayahonmuracho, Shinjuku-ku,
Tokyo 102-8012, Japan Tokyo 162-8433, Japan

(Takebashi)
TEL: +81-3-5226-6660 through 6663
Takebashi Building, 4-1 Ohtemachi 1-chome, Chiyoda-ku,
Tokyo 100-0004, Japan

Domestic Offices

Hokkaido Center
(Sapporo/Hokkaido Global Plaza)
TEL: +81-11-866-8333
4-25, Minami, Hondori 16-chome, Shiroishi-ku, Sapporo City, Asia North & Latin America Gabon Office
Hokkaido 003-0026 Afghanistan Office Argentine Office Ghana Office
Bangladesh Office Belize Office Kenya Office
(Obihiro) Bhutan Office Bolivia Office Madagascar Office
TEL: +81-155-35-1210 Cambodia Office Brazil Office Malawi Office
1-2, Nishi 20-jo Minami 6-chome, Obihiro City, China Office Chile Office Mozambique Office
Hokkaido 080-2470 Georgia Office Colombia Office Namibia Office
Tohoku Center India Office Costa Rica Office Niger Office
TEL: +81-22-223-5151 Indonesia Office Cuba Office Nigeria Office
20th Floor, Sendai Daiichi Seimei Tower Bldg., Kyrgyz Republic Office Dominican Republic Office Rwanda Office
6-1, Ichiban-cho 4-chome, Aoba-ku, Sendai City, Laos Office Ecuador Office Senegal Office
Chubu Center/Nagoya Global Plaza Malaysia Office El Salvador Office Sierra Leone Office
Miyagi 980-0811
TEL: +81-52-533-0220 Maldives Office Guatemala Office South Africa Office
Nihonmatsu Training Center 60-7, Hiraike-cho 4-chome, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya City, Mongolia Office Haiti Office South Sudan Office
TEL: +81-243-24-3200 Aichi 453-0872 Myanmar Office Honduras Office Sudan Office
4-2, Aza Nagasaka, Nagata, Nihonmatsu City, Nepal Office Jamaica Office Tanzania Office
Kansai Center
Fukushima 964-8558 Pakistan Office Mexico Office Uganda Office
TEL: +81-78-261-0341
Tsukuba Center 1-5-2, Wakinohama Kaigandori, Chuo-ku, Kobe City, Philippines Office Nicaragua Office Zambia Office
TEL: +81-29-838-1111 Hyogo 651-0073 Sri Lanka Office Panama Office Zimbabwe Office
3-6, Koyadai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki 305-0074 Tajikistan Office Paraguay Office
Chugoku Center
Thailand Office Peru Office Middle East
Tokyo Center TEL: +81-82-421-6300
Timor-Leste Office Saint Lucia Office Egypt Office
TEL: +81-3-3485-7051 3-1, Kagamiyama 3-chome, Higashi Hiroshima City,
Uzbekistan Office Uruguay Office Iran Office
49-5, Nishihara 2-chome, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-0066 Hiroshima 739-0046
Viet Nam Office USA Office Iraq Office
Yokohama Center Shikoku Center Venezuela Office Jordan Office
TEL: +81-45-663-3251 TEL: +81-87-821-8824 Pacific Morocco Office
3-1, Shinko 2-chome, Naka-ku, Yokohama City, First Floor, Kagawa Sanyu Bldg., 3 Kajiya-machi, Takamatsu Fiji Office Africa Palestine Office
Kanagawa 231-0001 City, Kagawa 760-0028 Marshall Islands Office Angola Office Syria Office
Micronesia Office Benin Office Tunisia Office
Komagane Training Center Kyushu Center
Palau Office Botswana Office Yemen Office
TEL: +81-265-82-6151 TEL: +81-93-671-6311
Papua New Guinea Office Burkina Faso Office
15, Akaho, Komagane City, Nagano 399-4117 2-1, Hirano 2-chome, Yahata Higashi-ku, Kitakyushu City,
Samoa Office Cameroon Office Europe
Fukuoka 805-8505
Hokuriku Center Solomon Islands Office Côte d’Ivoire Office Balkan Office
TEL: +81-76-233-5931 Okinawa Center Tonga Office Democratic Republic of Congo Office France Office
4th Floor, Rifare (Office Tower), 5-2, Honmachi 1-chome, TEL: +81-98-876-6000 Vanuatu Office Djibouti Office Turkey Office
Kanazawa City, Ishikawa 920-0853 1143-1, Aza Maeda, Urasoe City, Okinawa 901-2552 Ethiopia Office

Contact information for overseas offices JICA’s website: Overseas Offices

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Organization

Title Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)

President TANAKA Akihiko

Headquarters (Kojimachi)
Nibancho Center Building, 5-25 Niban-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8012, Japan
Tel: +81-3-5226-6660 through 6663

Headquarters (Takebashi)
Takebashi Building, 4-1 Ohtemachi 1-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
Tel: +81-3-5226-6660 through 6663

Headquarters (Ichigaya)
Ichigaya Building, 10-5, Ichigayahonmuracho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8433, Japan
Tel: +81-3-3269-2911

Establishment October 1, 2003

Capital ¥8,366 billion (as of July 2023)

Full-time Staff 1,968 (as of July 2023)

Objectives Established as an Incorporated Administrative Agency under the Act of the Incorporated Administrative
Agency - Japan International Cooperation Agency (Act No. 136, 2002), JICA aims to contribute to the
promotion of international cooperation as well as the sound development of Japanese and global economy
by supporting the socioeconomic development, recovery or economic stability of developing regions.

Guide to JICA’s Website and Other Sources

For detailed information on JICA’s JICA’s website

activities, please see our website.
JICA also publishes Sustainable Reports,
https://www.jica.go.jp/english/
which introduce JICA’s efforts to support
sustainable socioeconomic development
in developing countries, including JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY
measures to fight climate change; and ANNUAL REPORT 2023
Annual Evaluation Reports, which provide
information on current evaluation activities
as well as summaries of evaluation results. Published in December 2023

Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)

Nibancho Center Building, 5-25 Niban-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8012, Japan
Tel. +81-3-5226-6660 through 6663
JICA Sustainability Report 2022 https://www.jica.go.jp/english/
https://www.jica.go.jp/Resource/english/our_work/social_environmental/c8h0vm0000013og5-att/report_2022.pdf
Edited in cooperation with
JICA Annual Evaluation Report 2022
Takayama Printing Co., Ltd.
https://www.jica.go.jp/english/activities/evaluation/reports/2022/index.html 2nd Floor, NT Bldg., 1-1-12 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0034, Japan
Tel. +81-3-3257-0231
POLICY DESIGN Inc.
20th Floor, Shinjuku-I-Land Tower, 6-5-1 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku,
Tokyo 163-1320, Japan
Tel. +81-3-6880-3072
JICA Annual Report 2023 Figures
1. This annual report summarizes the activities of JICA in fiscal 2022 (April 1, 2022, to March 31, 2023).
2. The figures contained in the report are those for the fiscal year mentioned above in the case of JICA and for the calendar year 2022 (January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2022) in the Photo credits: If this publication arrives damaged, please contact us for a replacement copy.
case of ODA. Please note that some figures are provisional values and figures may vary according to the timing and method of calculation. Page 2: Photos by Kaku Suzuki (top left) © 2023 Japan International Cooperation Agency
3. All sums indicated with a dollar sign ($) refer to US dollars. and Kenshiro Imamura (lower left) Printed in Japan

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Japan International Cooperation Agency
https://www.jica.go.jp/english/