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Computer Science

The document covers computer languages, including machine language, assembly language, high-level language, and fourth-generation language, detailing their characteristics and differences. It also introduces Microsoft Excel 2007, explaining its features such as workbooks, worksheets, cells, and the formula bar. Additionally, it includes exercises and answers related to the topics discussed.

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helena
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27 views

Computer Science

The document covers computer languages, including machine language, assembly language, high-level language, and fourth-generation language, detailing their characteristics and differences. It also introduces Microsoft Excel 2007, explaining its features such as workbooks, worksheets, cells, and the formula bar. Additionally, it includes exercises and answers related to the topics discussed.

Uploaded by

helena
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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St.

John’s Public School


JALLADIANPET || MEDAVAKKAM || SIRUSERI
CHENNAI – 600 100

CHAPTER -1
COMPUTER LANGUAGES
I) Fill In The Blanks:

1. A program is a set of instructions which tells computer what to


do.
2. The development of computer languages can be classified into
four categories.
3. Machine Language consists of sets of binary numbers.ie 0 and
1.
4. Spacewar was the first interactive computer game.
5. Assembly Language uses mnemonic codes or symbols.

II) Multiple Choice Questions:

1. A program written in assembly language is _________


a) Assembler b)Source Program c)Object Code

2. A __________ converts a high level language program to machine


language line by line.
a)Assembler b)Compiler c)Interpreter
3. The program converted into machine language by the translator
is called ______________
a)Source Program b)Object Program c)Assembler
4.The term software was first used by _________________
a)John MAccarthy b)John.W.Tukey c)John Von Neumann
III) Answer the following:
1. What do you mean by machine language?
Ans: Machine Language is the one that a computer understands. It is
expressed in Binary form – 0’s and 1’s where 0 means “off” state , 1
means “on” state.

2. How is assembly language different from machine language?


Ans: Assembly language uses mnemonic codes or symbols instead
of 0’s and 1’s used in machine language.
Example of mnemonic code is ADD,SUB.

3. What are the key features of high level language?


Ans: The key features of high level language are:
i) Simple and user friendly language.
ii) Language which is machine – independent.

4. What is the difference between interpreter and compiler?


Ans:

Interpreter Compiler

Scans the entire program and


Translates program one statement
translates it as a whole into
at a time.
machine code.

Interpreters usually take less Compilers usually take a large


amount of time to analyze the amount of time to analyze the
source code. source code.

No intermediate object code is Generates intermediate object


generated code

5. What are features of 4GL?


❖ 4GL is machine independent.
❖ Minimal user skills required to obtain results.
❖ It is an application development tool.

Reference material
Chapter -1
Computer Languages
What is Computer Language?
• A computer language is a system of communication with
a computer.
• Such languages are used to create computer code or program code,
the set of instructions forming a computer program which is
executed by a computer
Program is a set of instructions which tell computer what to do.
The process of writing specific instructions in a computer language is
called programming.
COMPUTER LANGUAGES
❖ MACHINE LANGUAGE
❖ ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE
❖ HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGE
❖ 4 GENERATION LANGUAGE
MACHINE LANGUAGE-
FIRST GENERATION
❖ Language that a computer understand.
❖ Binary form – 0’s and 1’s
❖ 0 – off 1- on
❖ Very high speed
❖ Low memory utilization
❖ Machine –Dependent
❖ Machine language written in one computer may or may not run on
another.
It is considered as “low level language
ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE -SECOND GENERATION
▪ Used mnemonic codes or symbols.
▪ ADD – 0010
▪ Easy to work with assembly language
▪ Computers understand only machine language , so assembly
language →machine language.
▪ Translator Programs – Assemblers were used.
▪ Source code – program written in Assembly language
▪ Object code – program converted to machine language
HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGE -
THIRD GENERATION LANGUAGE
❑ USER FRIENDLY
❑ MACHINE INDEPENDENT
❑ EASY TO LEARN
❑ Referred as “High Level Language”
❑ Eg: BASIC , C ,C ++.
❑ HLL need to be converted to machine language using two translator
programs.
* Interpreter
* Compiler
Interpreter converts high level language to machine language.
• Converts one line at a time and executes the instructions.
• If any error found they are to be immediately removed.
• Good for beginners .Slow in execution.
COMPILER
Translator program used to convert assembly language to machine
language
• It translates the whole program once.
• Generates object code for the program with list of all errors.
FOURTH GENERATION LANGUAGE(4GL)
Machine independent
Highly user friendly
Very high Speed of execution
• 4GL is closer to human languages than any other HLL.
• Minimum effort from the user to afford.
User need to specify the required output.
CHAPTER -2
Microsoft Excel 2007
I) Answer the following:
6. What do you understand by MS Excel?
Microsoft Excel is the most popular spreadsheet software.
It is a powerful tool that helps to organize, calculate and
analyze data in rows and columns.

7. Differentiate between a workbook and a worksheet.


The excel screen that appears on the screen is called workbook.
A worksheet is a grid like area made up of rows and columns.

8. What is a cell? How many characters can a cell contain?


A cell is an intersection of a column and a row in a worksheet.

9. What is a formula bar? How is it different from the name box?


Formula bar shows the characters and formulas that you enter
in an active cell whereas name box displays the location of cell
pointer.

10. How can you rename a worksheet?


To rename a worksheet double click on the worksheet tab
which we want to rename. It will be highlighted. Type a new
name and press enter key.

Book back Exercise Answers:


Answers:
1. Three
2. Merge and center
3. Formula
4. sheet
5. Column
6. tab
7. F12
Choose:
Answers:
1. Autosum
2. left
3.1048576
4. name
5. = equal to
6. three

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