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C++_Complete_Notes (2)

This document provides comprehensive notes on Object-Oriented Programming using C++, covering key concepts such as classes, inheritance, polymorphism, file handling, templates, and the Standard Template Library (STL). Each unit includes example programs to illustrate the concepts discussed. Additionally, it lists recommended textbooks and reference materials for further study.

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3 views

C++_Complete_Notes (2)

This document provides comprehensive notes on Object-Oriented Programming using C++, covering key concepts such as classes, inheritance, polymorphism, file handling, templates, and the Standard Template Library (STL). Each unit includes example programs to illustrate the concepts discussed. Additionally, it lists recommended textbooks and reference materials for further study.

Uploaded by

hasamshaikh088
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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C++ Full Notes with Important Programs

**C++ Notes from BTech Syllabus PDF**

**Course Title:** Object-Oriented Programming using C++

---

### Unit I: Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming


- Need for object-oriented programming.
- Characteristics of object-oriented languages.
- Class and objects, constructors, destructors.
- Objects as function arguments, returning objects.

**Example Program: Creating a simple class and object**


```cpp
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Student {
public:
string name;
int age;
void display() {
cout << "Name: " << name << " Age: " << age << endl;
}
};
int main() {
Student s1;
s1.name = "Rahul";
s1.age = 20;
s1.display();
return 0;
}
```

---
### Unit II: Operator Overloading and Inheritance
- Overloading unary and binary operators.
- Data conversion.
- Derived and base class, public and private inheritance.
- Multiple inheritance examples.

**Example Program: Operator Overloading**


```cpp
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex {
public:
int real, imag;
Complex(int r, int i) { real = r; imag = i; }
Complex operator + (Complex const &obj) {
return Complex(real + obj.real, imag + obj.imag);
}
void display() { cout << real << " + " << imag << "i" << endl; }
};
int main() {
Complex c1(3, 4), c2(2, 5);
Complex c3 = c1 + c2;
c3.display();
return 0;
}
```

---

### Unit III: Polymorphism


- Virtual functions, dynamic binding.
- Abstract classes and pure virtual functions.
- Friend functions, the "this" pointer.

**Example Program: Function Overloading**


```cpp
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Math {
public:
int add(int a, int b) { return a + b; }
double add(double a, double b) { return a + b; }
};
int main() {
Math obj;
cout << obj.add(5, 10) << endl;
cout << obj.add(3.5, 2.5) << endl;
return 0;
}
```

---

### Unit IV: Streams and File Handling


- Streams, stream output and input.
- Stream manipulators.
- File handling: creating, reading, and updating sequential and
random files.

**Example Program: File Handling**


```cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
ofstream file("example.txt");
file << "Hello, this is a test file!";
file.close();
string text;
ifstream readFile("example.txt");
while (getline(readFile, text)) {
cout << text << endl;
}
readFile.close();
return 0;
}
```

---

### Unit V: Templates and Exception Handling


- Function templates, overloading function templates.
- Class templates.
- Exception handling overview, need for exceptions.
- Multiple exceptions, exception specifications.

**Example Program: Function Template**


```cpp
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
template <typename T>
T square(T num) {
return num * num;
}
int main() {
cout << square(5) << endl;
cout << square(2.5) << endl;
return 0;
}
```

---

### Unit VI: Standard Template Library (STL)


- Introduction to STL: containers, iterators, algorithms.
- Sequence containers, associative containers, container adapters.

**Example Program: Using Vectors in STL**


```cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
int main() {
vector<int> v = {10, 20, 30, 40};
v.push_back(50);
for (int i : v) {
cout << i << " ";
}
return 0;
}
```

---

### Textbooks:
1. E. Balagurusamy, *Object-Oriented Programming with C++*,
McGraw-Hill.
2. Robert Lafore, *Object-Oriented Programming in C++*, Sams
Publishing.
3. Dr. B. B. Meshram, *Object-Oriented Paradigms with C++*, SPD
Publication.
4. Rajesh R. Shukla, *Object-Oriented Programming in C++*, Wiley
India.

### Reference Books:


1. P. J. Deitel, H. M. Deitel, *C++ How to Program*, PHI.
2. John Hubbard, *Programming with C++*, Schaum's Outlines,
McGraw-Hill.
3. Nicolai M. Josuttis, *Object-Oriented Programming in C++*, Wiley.

**End of Notes**

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