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Dip Lab Exp1

The document outlines an experiment conducted at ARYA College of Engineering focused on image thresholding and histogram evaluation using MATLAB. It explains histogram equalization as a technique to enhance image contrast by redistributing intensity values, and discusses variations such as Adaptive Histogram Equalization and Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization. Additionally, it includes a program code snippet and a set of viva questions related to histogram equalization and its applications in digital image processing.

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5 views3 pages

Dip Lab Exp1

The document outlines an experiment conducted at ARYA College of Engineering focused on image thresholding and histogram evaluation using MATLAB. It explains histogram equalization as a technique to enhance image contrast by redistributing intensity values, and discusses variations such as Adaptive Histogram Equalization and Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization. Additionally, it includes a program code snippet and a set of viva questions related to histogram equalization and its applications in digital image processing.

Uploaded by

fiyeg25432
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ARYA College of Engineering (ACE)

SP-40, RUC
(AMHated to RTUTApproved by AICTE, New Delihi)
industrial Area, DelhiRoad, www.aryainstitutejpr.com
Kukas, Jaipur 302028I Tel. Ph. o141-28200z00 Toll Freei 1BO0 1O2 1044

Experiment-1
Object: To provides the thresholding an image and the evaluation of its histogram using
histogram equalization and illustrates the relationship among the intensities (gray levels) of
an image and its histogram.

Software: MATLAB

Theory:
Histogram is a graphical representation of the intensity distribution of an image. In simple
terms, it represents the number of pixels for each intensity value considered.
Histogram Equalization is a computer image processing technique used to improve contrast in
images. It accomplishes this by efectively spreading out the most frequent intensity values,
i.e. stretching out the intensity range of the image. This method usually increases the global
contrast of images when its usable data is represented by close contrast values. This allows for
areas of lower local contrast to gain a higher contrast.

Acolor histogram of an image represents the number of pixels in each type of color component.
Histogram equalization cannot be applied separately to the red, green and blue components of
the image as it leads to dramatic changes in the image's color balance. However, if the image
isfirst converted to another color space, like HSLUHSV color space, then the algorithm can be
applied to the luminance or value channel without resulting in changes to the hue and saturation
of the image.
Adaptive Histogram Equalization
Adaptive Histogram qualization differs from ordinary histogram equalization in the respect
that the adaptive method computes several histograms, each corresponding to a distinctsection
of the image, and uses them to redistribute the lightness values of the image. It is therefore
suitable for improving the local contrast and enhancing the definitions of edges in each region
of an image.

Contrastive Limited Adaptive Equalization


Contrast Limited AHE (CLAHE) differs from adaptive histogram equalization in its contrast
limiting. In the case of CLAHE, the contrast limiting procedure is applied to cach
neighbourhood from which a transfomation function is derived. CLAHE was developed to
prevent the over amplification of noise that adaptive histogram equalization can give rise to.

12
ARYA College of Engineering (ACE)
(Afliated to RTUT Appreved by AICE, Nrw Oeit)
Se 40, RICO industriat Area, Delhi Road, www.aryainstitutejpscom
Kukas, Jaipur-302028 |Tet. Ph. O141 2az0700 . Toll Free: 1800 102 1044

Program:
cle:

clear all;

close all:

imgetfile.
u-imread( ans):
o-Tgb2gray(u):
imshow(o):

figure:
imhist(o);
i-histeq(o):
figure:
imshow(i):
figure:
imhist(i):

image and the evaluation of its


Result: In this experiment provides for thresholding an
the relationship among the
histogram using Histogram equalization. This experiment illustrates
intensities (gray levels)of an image and its histogram.
ARYA College
(ArfiBated
of AICTE, Deihi)
Approved Engineering (ACE)
to RTU I
SP-40, RICO industriat Area, Delti Road, by New
Kukas, Jaipur-302028 I Tel. Ph. o141-2820 700 www. aryainstitutejpr.comn
" Tol Free: 180o 102 1044

Viva Question
1.
What is histogram equalization in digital image
processing?
2.
Why histogram equalization is
needed?
3.
What happens if histogram
equalization is applied twice?
4
Why histogram is used in image processing?
5
What is histogram
6
equalization in Matlab?
What is entropy image
processing?
7.
Why is a histogram
useful?
8.
What is the advantage of
histogram?
9.
What is contrast in
10.
image processing?
How do you mke a
histogram graph?

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