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2.1 Atomic Structure & The Periodic Table

Unit 2 covers the properties of materials, focusing on atomic structure, the Periodic Table, and the reasons elements react to form compounds. Key learning objectives include understanding atomic structure, predicting properties of elements, and calculating density. The unit also includes activities and quizzes to reinforce the concepts learned.

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nhisuri2027
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269 views23 pages

2.1 Atomic Structure & The Periodic Table

Unit 2 covers the properties of materials, focusing on atomic structure, the Periodic Table, and the reasons elements react to form compounds. Key learning objectives include understanding atomic structure, predicting properties of elements, and calculating density. The unit also includes activities and quizzes to reinforce the concepts learned.

Uploaded by

nhisuri2027
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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8th Grade

UNIT 2
PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS
UNIT 2: Properties of Materials

2.1 2.2
Atomic structure and the Trends in groups of the
Periodic Table Periodic Table

2.3 2.4
Why elements react to form
Simple and giant structures
compounds
What is matter?
Can you recall?

BELL RINGER
2.1
Atomic structure and the Periodic Table

“Never trust an atom, they make up everything”


New Terms & Definitions
ATOMIC NUMBER ELECTRON SHELLS ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE
The number of protons in an The layers of electrons arranged The arrangement of electrons in
atom; each type of atom has a around the nucleus of an atom the shells or levels around the
unique atomic number nucleus of an atom

ELECTROSTATIC FORCES ENERGY LEVELS MASS NUMBER


Forces of attraction between The layers of shells of electrons The number of protons and
particles with opposite electrical are referred to as being at neutrons in an atom added
charges different energy levels together

PERIODIC TABLE DENSITY UNIT 2 QUIZLET SET


A table of all the elements Mass per unit volume LINK
placed in order of their atomic (mass/volume) g/cm³ or kg/m³
number
Learning Objectives

By the end of Unit 2.1 you should be able to:

1. Draw and label the structure of an atom using the Rutherford-Bohr model.
2. Describe how the elements are arranged in the Periodic Table.
3. Predict the structure and properties of an element using the Periodic Table.
4. Explain what is meant by, and calculate the density of, a substance.
THE ATOM

In your notebook:

1. List the parts of an atom


2. Write 1 fact about each of these parts
3. Use the parts and facts to write a description of the atom

Compare your work with your partners, did you or they miss anything?
Is there anything you can add?
The Periodic Table

Where can I find metals? Where can I find non-metals?


Can you name a few non-metals? Can you name a few metals?
Scientific Words

N N N N
E E E E
U U U U
T T T T
R R R R
O O O O
N N N N
The Periodic Table

What do you notice about the numbers at the TOP of each element?
This is called the ATOMIC NUMBER which tells you about the NUMBER OF
PROTONS
The Periodic Table

What do you notice about the numbers at the BOTTOM of each element?
This is called the MASS NUMBER which tells you about the NUMBER OF PROTONS AND
NEUTRONS
Worked Example:
SMALL NUMBER =
PROTONS Lithium (metal)

➔ Atomic number = 3
➔ Mass number = 7
➔ Number of protons = 3
➔ Number of electrons = 3
➔ Number of neutrons = 4

BIG NUMBER = PROTONS + NEUTRONS

LO2: Describe how the elements are arranged in the Periodic Table.
PRACTICE
Start with the red elements , if you
Name of element (metal OR feel comfortable more on to the
non-metal) yellow elements and then to the
green elements
➔ Atomic number =
➔ Mass number =
➔ Number of protons = Raise your hand for me to check your
➔ Number of electrons = answer when you are finished
➔ Number of neutrons =
Calculating Density
Density is mass per unit volume
(g/cm³) Density = mass/volume

Calculate the density of 1cm³ of Sodium with a mass


of 0.97g

Calculate the density of 2cm³ of Iron with a mass of


15.74g

Which is more dense?


LO4: Explain what is meant by, and calculate the density of, a substance.
Recall:
NUMBER OF PROTONS What is the charge of a proton?
= What is the charge of an electron?
NUMBER OF What is the charge of a neutron?
ELECTRONS
How can I find the number of electrons on the Periodic Table?
ARRANGEMEN
T OF
ELECTRONS
ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE
The arrangement of electrons in the shells or levels around the nucleus of an atom

How many electrons are there in the first shell?

How many electrons are there in the second shell?

How many electrons are there in the third shell?


PRACTICE
Start with the red elements , if you
feel comfortable more on to the
Name of element
yellow elements and then to the
green elements
Number of electrons =

Write the electronic structure Raise your hand for me to check your
of the element answer when you are finished

LO4: Predict the structure and properties of an element using the Periodic Table.
ACTIVITY: A MODEL ATOM

Build a model of an
element

Follow the instructions


on page 45

LO4: Predict the structure and properties of an element using the Periodic Table.
QUIZ
ROUND 1

1. How many electrons are there in an atom of carbon?

2. How many protons are there in an atom of beryllium?


ROUND 2

1. How many neutrons are there in an atom of boron?

2. What is the name of the element that has the electronic


structure 2,8,3?
ROUND 3
1.Draw a diagram to show the 2. Draw a labeled atomic diagram of
structure of an atom of magnesium. the element fluorine.

LO1: Draw and label the structure of an atom using the Rutherford-Bohr model.
SUCCESS CRITERIA
1. I can draw and label the structure of an atom using
Not Yet Almost Got it
the Rutherford-Bohr model.
2. I can draw the atomic structure of the first 20
Not Yet Almost Got it
elements using the data from the Periodic Table.
3. Describe how the elements are arranged in the
Not Yet Almost Got it
Periodic Table.

4. I can predict the structure and properties of an


Not Yet Almost Got it
element using the Periodic Table.
5. Explain what is meant by, and calculate the density of,
Not Yet Almost Got it
a substance.
If you answered not yet or almost please join the extra class on Wednesday 12:00

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