KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN AGRA REGION

PRE BOARD EXAMINATION-2024-25

MARKING SCHEME
CLASS X, SOCIAL SCIENCE
1- C- The power of government is separated into legislative, executive and judicial branches,
each with distinct responsibilities and authority.
2- A- Only II
3- D- II, III and IV
4- (a) Both A and R are true, and R. is the correct explanation of A.
5- B- Only II and III are true.
6- A- Experimental projects are set up in Puga Valley, Ladakh.
7- B- Otto one Bismarck
OR
D- Holland was partition at the end of 18th century by three great powers, Russia, Prussia, and
Austria.
8- B- Power looms (In Hosiery)
9- B- A-2, B-1, C-3
10- A- Statements 1 and 2 are appropriate.
11- D-Both A and C
12-B- IV, II, I, III
13-C- Paper, instructing the bank to pay a specific amount.
14- C- Bangar and Khadar
15- C- Passion for respect and freedom
16- C-The Constitution ensures that at least one third of seats in local government bodies are
reserved for women.
17- C- Bajra, and Ragi

18- A. Aluminium

19- C- Both I and II

20-B- Hungry, children resorted to digging for leftover potatoes in harvested fields.

21. Innovations in printing technology (19th-20th century) enabled:

- Mass production
- Faster printing
- Lower costs
- Increased accessibility
- Wider distribution of printed materials (books, newspapers, magazines)

22. Rice is a subsistence crop in Odisha because:

- Majority of farmers grow rice for personal consumption
- Primary source of food and livelihood
- Low market orientation
- Limited commercialization

23- Key characteristics and outcomes of democratic government:

Characteristics:
- Free elections
- Rule of law
- Separation of powers
- Protection of individual rights

Outcomes:
- Accountability
- Transparency
- Representation
- Social justice
- Economic development

24- Communalism:

Communalism refers to:

- Ideology emphasizing religious or ethnic identity over national identity
- Division of society into religious or ethnic groups
- Promotion of group interests over collective well-being
- Potential for conflict and social unrest.

25. Diversification of Print Uses in China

By the 7th century, as urban culture flourished in China, print uses expanded beyond Buddhist
scriptures. Examples include:
- Literary works: Poetry, novels, and plays were printed, spreading literacy and cultural
knowledge.
- Educational materials: Textbooks and study guides helped standardize education.
- Government documents: Official notices, laws, and tax records were printed, increasing
transparency.
- Art and entertainment: Woodblock prints featured artwork, music, and drama performances.

26. Pressure on Freshwater Resources in India

Intensive industrialization and urbanization have strained India's freshwater resources due to:
- Increased water demand for industries and urban populations.
- Pollution from industrial effluents and domestic wastewater.
- Disruption of natural water cycles and depletion of groundwater.

27. Panchayati Raj and Democracy in India

The Panchayati Raj system has strengthened Indian democracy by:

- Decentralizing power: Empowering local governments to make decisions.
- Increasing representation: Ensuring participation of marginalized communities.
- Improving accountability: Holding local leaders accountable to their constituents.

Alternative Answer

India is a Federal Republic with the following features:

- Division of power: Central government shares power with state governments.
- Autonomy of states: States have significant authority over local matters.

28. Minimizing Underemployment in Agriculture

To reduce underemployment in agriculture:

- Diversify crops: Encourage farmers to grow high-value crops.
- Invest in irrigation: Improve water management for consistent yields.
- Provide training: Enhance farmers' skills in modern agricultural practices.

29. Globalization and Indian Markets

Globalization has led to a wide range of goods in Indian markets, including:
- Foreign brands: International companies offer products in India.
- E-commerce platforms: Online marketplaces connect consumers to global suppliers.
- Quality and affordability: Global competition drives quality and affordability.

30. Liberal nationalism in Europe during the 19th century focused on political and economic
aspects, including:
Equality before the law: Liberal nationalists believed that everyone should be treated equally in
front of the law.
End of aristocracy and clergy privileges: Liberal nationalists wanted to end the privileges of the
aristocracy and clergy.
Freedom of markets: Liberal nationalists believed in a free market economy, with no state
restrictions on goods and capital.
Representative government: Liberal nationalists believed in representative government through
Parliament.
Individual freedom: Liberalism stood for freedom for the individual.
Government by consent: Liberalism emphasized the concept of government by consent.

31. Solving Land Degradation

Land degradation can be addressed through:
- Afforestation and reforestation.
- Sustainable agriculture practices.
- Soil conservation techniques.
- Watershed management.
- Crop rotation and organic farming.
Example: India's National Programme for Soil Health Management.

Alternative Answer

Resource planning is crucial for developing India:

- Identifies and allocates resources efficiently.
- Ensures sustainable development.
- Supports infrastructure growth.
- Enhances economic stability.

32. Multi-Party System in India

India's multi-party system:

- Promotes diversity of opinions.
- Ensures representation of marginalized groups.
- Fosters coalition governments.
- Encourages healthy competition.
Example: 2019 Lok Sabha elections saw multiple parties contesting.

Alternative Answer

Dynastic succession challenges political parties:

- Nepotism undermines meritocracy.
- Limits opportunities for new leaders.
- Creates internal conflicts.
- Damages party image.

33. Unfavorable Credit Terms for Small Farmers

Small farmers face unfavorable credit terms:
- High interest rates.
- Short repayment periods.
- Collateral requirements.
Example: Moneylenders charging exorbitant interest.
Cheap credit sources:

- National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD).

- State Cooperative Banks.
- Kisan Credit Card Scheme.
- Microfinance institutions.

Alternative Answer

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) supervises banks to ensure financial stability and maintain
public trust. RBI's supervisory functions include:
1. Licensing and regulation
2. Monetary policy implementation
3. Inspection and audit
4. Capital adequacy monitoring
5. Lending and credit management
RBI supervision is necessary to:

1. Prevent bank failures and protect depositors

2. Maintain financial stability and public trust
3. Regulate credit flow and prevent excessive lending
4. Prevent money laundering and fraudulent activities
5. Support economic growth and development

RBI's supervision ensures a sound and efficient banking system.

34- CASE BASED ANSWERS (MAY VARY SO CONSIDER THE RELEVANT ONE)
1. Gandhi said that passive resistance is not the weapon of the weak because it requires intense
activity and strength, not just inaction or submission ¹. He believed that true power lies in non-
violent resistance, which demands courage, conviction, and self-control.

2. "Satyagraha is pure soul-force" because it's driven by truth, love, and non-violence,
empowering individuals to stand against injustice without inflicting harm or pain on others ¹.
This philosophy emphasizes the strength of the human spirit over physical force.

3. According to Mahatma Gandhi, the best weapon to collapse British rule in India is non-
cooperation ¹. He argued that British rule relied on Indian cooperation and would collapse within
a year if Indians withdrew their support. Gandhi's non-cooperation movement involved
boycotting British institutions, goods, and services to achieve Indian self-rule or swaraj.
35- a) Power sharing is an essential component of democracy. One example to prove this
statement is the federal structure of government in India. In this system, power is divided
between the central government and various state governments, ensuring that multiple levels of
government share power and responsibilities.

(b) In a democracy, power sharing is a key component that ensures power doesn't remain in one
person's hands. When no single party has a majority after an election, political parties may form
a coalition government to share power.
(c) a. in a democracy, the citizens must have freedom to choose their representatives from
various contenders for power.
b.In contemporary democracy, this takes place in the form of competition among different
parties. Such competition ensures that power does not remain in one hand.
c.Sometimes, the power is shared among various political parties, which is called coalition
Government.
d. In a democracy, we find interest groups of traders, businessmen, Industrialists, farmers
and industrial workers. They also have a share in governmental powers, either through
participation or having influence on the decision-making process.

36-1. Significance of Per Capita Income:

Per capita income is significant because it:

- Measures the average standard of living in a country

- Allows comparison between countries with different population sizes
- Indicates the purchasing power of individuals

2- Classifications of Countries based on Per Capita Income:

The World Bank classifies countries into:

- High-income countries: $49,300 or more per annum (2019)

- Low-income countries: $2,500 or less per annum (2019)
- Middle-income countries: between $2,500 and $49,300 per annum (2019)

The World Bank's World Development Reports use per capita income as the primary criterion
for classification.

37- A-(a) –Culcutta

(b)- Champaran
B- As per Location