Parts of Speech in English Language

What is a Adjective?

An adjective is a word that describes or modifies a noun or pronoun by providing additional

information about its qualities, quantity, size, color, shape, and so on. Adjectives are crucial
because they help make language more specific and descriptive, allowing for a clearer
understanding of the subject being discussed.

Types of Adjective

1. Descriptive (Qualitative) Adjectives: Descriptive adjectives are the most common type
of adjective, used to describe the quality or characteristics of a noun or pronoun.

Examples: The tall man walked into the room.

She has a beautiful dress.

They live in a small house.

2. Quantitative Adjectives: These adjectives provide information about the quantity or

amount of the noun.

Examples: I have three books.

She ate some rice.

We need more sugar.

3. Numeral Adjectives: Numeral adjectives specify the number or order of nouns.

Types of Numeral Adjectives:

Cardinal: One, Two, Three, etc.

Example: I have five apples.

Ordinal: First, Second, Third, etc.

Example: This is my second attempt.

4. Demonstrative Adjectives: Demonstrative adjectives point to specific nouns or pronouns

and include words like this, that, these, and those.

Examples: This book is interesting.

Those students are smart.

5. Possessive Adjectives: Possessive adjectives show ownership or possession and include

words like my, your, his, her, its, our, and their.

Examples: My car is new.

Her bag is on the table.

6. Interrogative Adjectives: Interrogative adjectives are used to ask questions about nouns
or pronouns and include words like which, what, and whose.

Examples: Which book do you like?

Whose pen is this?

7. Distributive Adjectives: Distributive adjectives refer to individual members of a group

and include words like each, every, either, and neither.

Examples: Each student must submit their homework.

Neither of the cars is available.

8. Articles (Definite & Indefinite):

An article is a type of adjective used before a noun to indicate whether the noun is specific or
general. Articles help determine if the noun refers to a particular thing or to something more
general.
 Kinds of Articles

i. Definite Article: "The"

The definite article "the" is used when referring to a specific or particular noun that both the
speaker and the listener are familiar with. It can be used with both singular and plural nouns,
as well as countable and uncountable nouns.

Examples: The sun rises in the east. (Everyone knows which sun is being talked
about.)

I saw the movie you were talking about. (A specific movie that both
people know.)

Please give me the blue pen. (Referring to a particular pen out of many.)

2. Indefinite Articles: "A" and "An"

The indefinite articles "a" and "an" are used when referring to a non-specific noun,
something that is not particular or previously mentioned. These articles are only used with
singular countable nouns.

A: Used before a word beginning with a consonant sound.

Examples: I saw a dog in the park. (Any dog, not a specific one.)

She wants to buy a car. (Any car, not a particular one.)

An: Used before a word beginning with a vowel sound (a, e, i, o, u).

Examples: Can I have an apple? (Any apple, not a specific one.)

He is an honest man. (Here, "honest" starts with a vowel sound even

though the letter is "h".)

Note: The choice between "a" and "an" is based on sound, not just the first letter. For
example, you say "an hour" (because "hour" starts with a vowel sound) but "a house"
(because "house" starts with a consonant sound).
 Degrees of Adjectives

Adjectives have three degrees that show comparison: Positive, Comparative, and
Superlative.

1. Positive Degree: The positive degree simply describes a noun without any comparison.

Examples: She is tall.

This flower is beautiful.

2. Comparative Degree: The comparative degree compares two nouns and usually ends in -
er or uses the word more or less before the adjective.

Examples: She is taller than her sister.

This book is more interesting than that one.

3. Superlative Degree: The superlative degree compares three or more nouns and usually
ends in -est or uses most or least.

Examples: He is the tallest boy in the class.

This is the most beautiful flower in the garden.

Activity 1: Adjective Challenge – Fill in the Blank

Choose the correct adjective from the options and indicate its type (Descriptive,
Quantitative, Demonstrative, Possessive, etc.) and degree (Positive, Comparative,
Superlative).

1. That is the __________ car I've ever seen.

(Options: fast, faster, fastest)
Type: ______
Degree: ______
2. She received __________ advice from her teacher.
(Options: some, a few, each)
Type: ______
3. __________ students in the class passed the test.
(Options: Several, That, Many)
Type: ______
4. The __________ mountains are covered in snow.
(Options: these, those, this)
Type: ______
5. The __________ cake on the table is for the guests.
(Options: delicious, more delicious, most delicious)
Type: ______
Degree: ______

Activity 2: Article Challenge – Correct the Sentence

In the following sentences, correct the usage of articles (add, remove, or replace as needed).
Indicate which type of article (definite or indefinite) is used.

1. I saw an stars in the sky.

i. Correction: ________________
ii. Type of article: _____________

2. She is the best singer in a group.

i. Correction: ________________
ii. Type of article: _____________

3. A Eiffel Tower is in Paris.

i. Correction: ________________
ii. Type of article: _____________

4. I saw a elephant at the zoo.

i. Correction: ________________
ii. Type of article: _____________

5. I need the book from a shelf.

i. Correction: ________________
ii. Type of article: _____________

Activity 3: Identify and Classify Adjectives and Articles

In the following sentences, identify both the adjectives and articles, and classify them.

Example: Sentence: "The small cat jumped over the fence."

o Adjectives: small (Descriptive, Positive degree)

o Articles: The (Definite article)

1. The green house on the corner belongs to my friend.

i. Adjectives: __________
ii. Articles: __________
iii. Types: __________

2. I received a beautiful letter from an old friend.

i. Adjectives: __________
ii. Articles: __________
iii. Types: __________

3. He lives in the largest house in the neighborhood.

i. Adjectives: __________
ii. Articles: __________
iii. Types: __________
4. We visited a famous museum during our trip.

i. Adjectives: __________
ii. Articles: __________
iii. Types: __________

5. An intelligent student always asks questions in class.

i. Adjectives: __________
ii. Articles: __________
iii. Types: __________

Challenge: Create Your Own Sentences

Create a sentence using two adjectives of different types (e.g., one descriptive and one
possessive) and both definite and indefinite articles.
Example: The blue car is faster than an old one.

1. Write a sentence using an adjective in the superlative degree and the definite article.
2. Write a sentence using a demonstrative adjective and indefinite article together.