ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT I

Sessional
Lecture Sheet: 02
EEE- 0713 1122
Session: 2023-24
Dept. of EEE
Sylhet Engineering College

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 Determining resistor values using color codes

Experiment No: 02

Experiment Name: Determination of Resistor Values Using Color Codes

Objective:
1. To learn and apply the resistor color code system to identify resistor values
2. To verify resistor values using a multimeter.

Apparatus:
1. Resistors (different values)
2. Resistor color code chart
3. Digital multimeter
4. Breadboard (optional)
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 Determining resistor values using color codes

Theory: Resistors are marked with a series of colored bands that represent their resistance value, tolerance
and sometimes the temperature coefficient. The resistor color code uses the following convention:

• The first two (or three) bands represent significant digits.

For example, a resistor with bands Red, Violet, Orange, and Gold corresponds to:
 Red (2), Violet (7): Significant digits = 27
 Orange: Multiplier =103 = 1000
 Gold: Tolerance = ±5%
Resistance value: 27×1000 = 27 kΩ ±5%

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 Determining resistor values using color codes

Theory:
3-Band Resistor

Structure: Three color bands.

Significance:
First Band: First significant digit of resistance.
Second Band: Second significant digit of resistance.
Third Band: Multiplier (power of 10).

Tolerance: Not specified.

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Determining resistor values using color codes

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 Determining resistor values using color codes

Theory:
4-Band Resistor

Structure: Four color bands.

Significance:
First Band: First significant digit.
Second Band: Second significant digit.
Third Band: Multiplier (power of 10).
Fourth Band: Tolerance (e.g., Gold = ±5%, Silver = ±10%).

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Determining resistor values using color codes

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 Determining resistor values using color codes

Theory:
5-Band Resistor

Structure: Five color bands.

Significance:
First Band: First significant digit.
Second Band: Second significant digit.
Third Band: Third significant digit.
Fourth Band: Multiplier (power of 10).
Fifth Band: Tolerance (e.g., Brown = ±1%, Red = ±2%).

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Determining resistor values using color codes

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 Determining resistor values using color codes

Theory:
6-Band Resistor

Structure: Six color bands.

Significance:
First Band: First significant digit.
Second Band: Second significant digit.
Third Band: Third significant digit.
Fourth Band: Multiplier (power of 10).
Fifth Band: Tolerance (e.g., Brown = ±1%).
Sixth Band: Temperature coefficient (ppm/°C, e.g., Brown = 100 ppm/°C).

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Determining resistor values using color codes

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Determining resistor values using color codes

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 Determining resistor values using color codes

Procedure:
A. Observation of Color Bands
1. Select a resistor from the sample set.
2. Observe and note the sequence of colored bands on the resistor.
3. Use the resistor color code chart to identify the significant digits, multiplier, and tolerance.

B. Calculate Resistance
1. Using the color code, calculate the theoretical resistance value.
2. Record the value in a table.

C. Verification with a Multimeter

D. Repeat for All Resistors

Observations and Data Table:

Measured
Sl. Calculated
Color Bands Resistance Deviation
No Resistance (Ω)
(Ω)
1. Red, Violet, Orange, and Gold 27 kΩ ± 5% 27.25 kΩ

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 Determining resistor values using color codes

Discussion: The experiment demonstrated the reliability of the resistor color code
system, as the calculated resistance values closely matched the measured values
obtained using a multimeter. Minor deviations observed were within the specified
tolerance range, primarily due to manufacturing tolerances and measurement
uncertainties. Errors such as misreading color bands or loose multimeter connections
could also have contributed.

Despite these challenges, the results confirmed the practicality of the color code
system for quick resistor identification. To improve accuracy, better tools like
automated color readers and precise multimeter calibration could be used. Overall, the
method is effective, with deviations well within acceptable limits.

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 ! Thank You !
For ur valuable
time.
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