A.

Requirements
Code (90%)
You can write your code in Java, Python, C, or C++. The time limit may vary among di↵erent
languages, depending on the performance of the language. Your code must be a complete excutable
program instead of only a function. We guarantee test data strictly compliance with the requirements
in the description, and you do not need to deal with cases where the input data is invalid.
Libraries in this assignment:
• For C/C++, you can only include standard library.
• For Java, you can only import java.util.*
• For Python, you can only import standard library. In other words, you cannot import libraries
such as numpy.

Report (10%)
You also need to write a report in pdf type to explain the following:
• What are the possible solutions for the problem?
• How do you solve this problem?
• Why is your solution better than others?
Please note that the maximum number of pages allowed for your report is 5 pages.
Remember that the report is to illustrate your thinking process. Keep in mind that your report is
supposed to show your ideas and thinking process. We expect clear and precise textual descriptions
in your report, and we do not recommend that you over-format your report.

B. Example Problem: A + B Problem

Description
Given 2 integers A and B, compute and print A + B

Input
Two integers in one line: A, and B

Output
One integer: A + B

Sample Input 1 Sample Output 1

1 2 3

Problem Scale & Subtasks

For 100% of the test cases, 0  A, B  106

1
Solutions
Java
import java . util .*;

public class Example {

public static void main ( String [] args ) {
int a , b ;
Scanner scanner = new Scanner ( System . in );
a = scanner . nextInt ();
b = scanner . nextInt ();
scanner . close ();
System . out . println ( a + b );
}
}

Python
AB = input (). split ()
A , B = int ( AB [0]) , int ( AB [1])
print ( A + B )

C
# include < stdio .h >

int main ( int argc , char * argv [])

{
int A , B ;
scanf ( " % d % d " , &A , & B );
printf ( " % d \ n " , A + B );
return 0;
}

C++
# include < iostream >

int main ( int argc , char * argv [])

{
int A , B ;
std :: cin > > A >> B ;
std :: cout < < A + B << std :: endl ;
return 0;
}

C. Submission
After finishing this assignment, you are required to submit your code to the Online Judge System
(OJ), and upload your .zip package of your code files and report to BlackBoard.

C.1 Online Judge

Once you have completed one problem, you can submit your code on the page on the Online Judge
platform (oj.cuhk.edu.cn, campus only) to gain marks for the code part. You can submit your
solution of one problem for no more than 80 times.
After you have submitted your program, OJ will test your program on all test cases and give you a
grade. The grade of your latest submission will be regarded as the final grade of the corresponding
problem. Each problem is tested on multiple test cases of di↵erent difficulty. You will get a part of
the score even if your algorithm is not the best.

2
Note: The program running time may vary on di↵erent machines. Please refer to the result of
the online judge system. OJ will show the time and memory limits for di↵erent languages on the
corresponding problem page.
If you have other questions about the online judge system, please refer to OJ wiki (campus network
only). If this cannot help you, feel free to contact us.

C.2 BlackBoard
You are required to upload your source codes and report to the BlackBoard platform. You need
to name your files according to the following rules and compress them into A1_<Student ID>.zip :
A1_ < Student ID >. zip
| - - A1_P1_ < Student ID >. java / py / c / cpp
| - - A1_P2_ < Student ID >. java / py / c / cpp
| - - A1_Report_ < Student ID >. pdf

For Java users, you don’t need to consider the consistency of class name and file name.
For example, suppose your ID is 123456789, and your problem 1 is written in Python, problem 2 is
written in Java then the following contents should be included in your submitted A1_123456789.zip:
A1_123456789 . zip
| - - A1 _P 1_ 1 23 45 67 8 9 . py
| - - A1 _P 2_ 1 23 45 67 8 9 . java
| - - A 1 _ R e p o r t _ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 . pdf

C.3 Late Submissions

Submissions after Mar 27, at 23:59 PM (UTC+8) would be considered as LATE. A late submission
contest will open after deadline.
Submisson time = max{latest submisson time for every problem, BlackBoard submisson time}
There will be penalties for late submission:
• 0–24 hours after deadline: final score = your score⇥0.8
• 24–72 hours after deadline: final score = your score⇥0.5
• 72+ hours after deadline: final score = your score⇥0

FAQs
Q: I cannot access to Online Judge.
A: First, please ensure that you are using the campus network. If you are not on campus, please use
the university VPN. Second, please delete cookies and refresh browser or use other browser. If you
still cannot access to Online Judge, try to visit it via the IP address 10.26.200.13.
Q: My program passes samples on my computer, but not get AC on OJ.
A: Refer to OJ Wiki Q&A

Authors
If you have questions for the problems below, please contact:
• Problem 1. Xuanzhuo Liu: [email protected]
• Problem 2. Yingli Zhou: [email protected]
• Problem 3. Yohandi: [email protected]

3
 CSC3100 Data Structures Spring 2024

Programming Assignment 2

Due: Mar 27 2024 23:59:00

Assignment Link: http://oj.cuhk.edu.cn/contest/csc310024spa2

Access code: Waaagh
Question 1, question 2, and question 3 weigh 40%, 25%, and 25% of the total grade, respectively.
Please note that you are not recommended to use AI tools such as chatGPT to complete
your assignment for potential plagiarism issue.

1 Find the winner (40% of this assignment)

1.1 Description
Suppose you are playing a game with n people (labeled from 0 to n-1) and each person is allowed to
leave a secret note to one or more people in this game. There may exist one winner. The definition of
a winner is that all the other (n-1) people leave a note to him/her but he/she does not leave a note to
any of them.
Now you want to figure out who the winner is or verify that there is not one. The only thing you are
allowed to do is to ask questions like “Hello, A. Did you leave a note to B?” to get information of
whether A leaves a note to B. You need to find out the winner by asking as few questions as possible.
You are given a square N*N matrix M[ ][ ] which is used to represent people in the game. If an element
of row i and column j is set to 1 ( M[i][j] = 1) it means ith person leaves a note to jth person. Otherwise
it is set to 0. There will be exactly one winner or no winner in the game. Return the winner’s label if
there is a winner in the game. If there is no winner, return -1.

1.2 Input
The first line of input contains an integer n, representing the number of players. The next n lines
follow. The i-th line represents i-th player. If i-th player leaves a note to j-th player, the j-th entry is
1.

1.3 Output
For each test case, output the winner’s label if there is a winner in the game. If there is no winner,
return -1.

Sample Input 1 Sample Output 1

4 2
0 0 1 0
0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0

4
Sample Input 2 Sample Output 2
4 -1
0 0 1 0
0 0 1 0
0 1 0 0
0 0 1 0

Problem Scale & Subtasks

There are 5 tests in total, with the same weight.

Test Case No. Constraints

1 1n5
2-4 1  n  100
5-6 1  n  1000
7-8 1  n  104
9-10 1  n  105

Hint
You may try to find the winner in O(N) time.

2 Find out the tallest house (25% of this assignment)

2.1 Description
Imagine you’re living in a small town called Arrayville, where every house is represented by a number
that indicates its height. The town has a tradition: every year, they organize a parade. As a member
of the parade committee, your task is to find out the tallest house visible from the float at each stop,
to ensure the float’s decorations do not obstruct the view of the spectators. Due to the float’s width,
at each stop, you can only see k houses located consecutively, including the house right in front of the
float. Given an array houses representing the heights of the houses in the order they appear along the
main street, and an integer k representing the width of the float, your challenge is to return an array
that lists the tallest house visible from the float at each stop during the parade.

2.2 Input
The first line of input contains an integer n, representing the number of houses, and an integer k. The
second line of input contains an array houses with length n.

2.3 Output
An array that lists the tallest house visible.

Sample Input 1 Sample Output 1

4
8 3 4
2 3 4 2 6 2 5 1 6
6
6
5

5
Sample Input 2 Sample Output 2
5
8 3 7
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 9
11
13
15

Sample Input 3 Sample Output 3

40
8 4 50
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 60
70
80

Problem Scale & Subtasks

There are 16 tests in total, with the same weight, we use n to denote the length of “houses”, and a[i]
to denote the element in “houses”.

Test Case No. Constraints

1-3 100  a[i], n  1000, 1  k  50
4-8 103  a[i], n  104 , 250  k  3000
9-12 104  a[i], n  105 , 103  k  104
13-16 105  a[i], n  106 , 10  k  104

3 Encrypting the Numeral Scroll (25% of this assignment)

3.1 Description
Being trusted by your master, you are to encrypt an artifact. This artifact, known as ”Numeral Scroll”,
features a sequence of digits that forms the key to unlock a vault.
However, you know that the sequence has exactly n figures, whereas the input in the vault only accepts
n m digits to be filled with. That’s when you realize there is another note in the artifact stating that
”create the smallest possible number without changing the original sequence’s order”. This means you
must take out m digits away from the sequence to construct the smallest possible number.

3.2 Additional Note

If m is exactly n, you have to return 0 as the answer. Moreover, a sequence that has leading zero(s)
is still considered a valid answer, for example, 05; however, you will still need to print it as 5 (without
the leading zero(s)).

3.3 Input
You are given a sequence of n digits and an integer m.

3.4 Output
The smallest possible number after taking out m digits away from the given sequence.

6
Sample Input 1 Sample Output 1
1234 4 0

Sample Input 2 Sample Output 2

1942056387 5 5387

The smallest possible number is 05387; hence, 5387 is the answer.

Problem Scale & Subtasks

For all test cases:
• 1  n  1 000 000
• 1mn

Test Case No. Constraints

1-4 n  10
5-6 n  10 000, m = 1
7-8 m=1
9-10 m=n 1
11-14 All digits in the sequence are either 1 or 2.
15-20 No additional constraints.