Assignment on Differential Equations

Class XII 2024-25

1 marker / MCQs
1. What is the order of differential equation corresponding to the family of curves
𝑦 = 𝐴𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝐵𝑒 −2𝑥 ?
2
𝑑2𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑3 𝑦
2. If and q are degree and order of the differential equation (𝑑𝑥 2 ) + 3 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑑𝑥 3 = 4, then find
the value of 2p-3q.
3. Find the value of m + n , where m and n are the order and degree of the differential equation
3
𝑑2𝑦
4( 2 ) 𝑑3 𝑦
𝑑𝑥
𝑑3 𝑦
+ = 𝑥 2 − 1.
𝑑𝑥 3
𝑑𝑥3
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
4. Write the order and degree of the differential equation 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( 𝑑𝑥 ) = 0.
𝑑𝑦 𝑥 3 −𝑦𝑛
5. For what value of n is the following a homogeneous differential equation : 𝑑𝑥 = .
𝑥 2 𝑦+𝑥𝑦2
𝑑𝑦
6. Solve : 𝑑𝑥 = cos (𝑥 + 𝑦).
7. Solution of the differential equation 𝑥𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦𝑑𝑥 = 0 represents
A) A rectangular hyperbola
B) A parabola whose vertex is at origin
C) A straight line passing through the origin
D) A circle whose center is at origin
𝑑𝑥
8. The integrating factor of the differential equation (1 − 𝑦 2 ) 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦𝑥 = 𝑎𝑦, −1 < 𝑦 < 1, is
1 1 1 1
A) B) C) 𝑦2 −1 D)
𝑦2 −1 √𝑦2 −1 √1−𝑦2
𝑑𝑦
9. The differential equation 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 = 𝐶 represents the family of
A) Hyperbolas B) Parabolas C) Ellipses D) Circles
𝑑 𝑑𝑦 3
10. The sum of order and degree of the differential equation {( ) } is
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
A) 2 B) 3 C) 5 D) 0
𝑑
11. If {𝑓(𝑥)} = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 , and 𝑓(0) = 0, then 𝑓(𝑥) is equal to
𝑑𝑥
𝑎𝑥 2 𝑎𝑥 2
A) 𝑎 + 𝑏 B) + 𝑏𝑥 C) + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 D) 𝑏
2 2
𝑑 3
12. If 𝑑𝑥 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓(1) = 1, then 𝑓(𝑥) is
A) 𝑥 2 + 3 log|𝑥| + 1
B) 𝑥 2 + 3log |𝑥|
3
C) 2 − 𝑥 2
D) 𝑥 2 + 3 log|𝑥| − 4
13. The number of arbitrary constants in the particular solution of a differential equation of
second order are
A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3
𝑑𝑦
14. The integrating factor of the differential equation 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 = 1 is
𝑑𝑥
 A) cosx B) tanx C) secx D) sinx
𝑑𝑦
15. The solution of 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥 is
𝑒𝑥 𝑘 𝑒𝑦 𝑘
A) 𝑦 = + B) 𝑦 = 𝑥𝑒 𝑥 + 𝐶𝑥 C) 𝑦 = 𝑥𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑘 D) 𝑥 = +
𝑥 𝑥 𝑦 𝑦

2 / 3 / 5 Markers

16. Solve:
𝑑𝑦
i) = cos(𝑥 + 𝑦) + sin(𝑥 + 𝑦)
𝑑𝑥
ii) 𝑥 𝑦𝑑𝑥 − (𝑥 3 + 𝑦 3 ) = 0
2
𝑑𝑦 𝑦
iii) 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑦 − 𝑥𝑡𝑎𝑛 (𝑥 )
iv) 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑦
v) 𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑙𝑜𝑔 (𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑦 − 2𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0
vi) 𝑦𝑒 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 = (𝑦 3 + 2𝑥𝑒 𝑦 )𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑦
vii) − 3𝑦 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2𝑥
𝑑𝑥
−1 𝑑𝑦
viii) (1 + 𝑦 2 ) + (𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑦) = 0
𝑑𝑥
17. Solve the following initial value problems:
𝑑𝑦 𝑦 𝑦 𝜋
i) 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 sin (𝑥 ) + 𝑥 − 𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑛 (𝑥 ) = 0, 𝑦(1) = 2
𝑑𝑦 𝜋
ii) + 𝑦𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥 = 4𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥, given 𝑦 = 0 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑥 = 2
𝑑𝑥

Assertion – Reasoning Questions

Assertion- Reasoning Question :

In the following question , a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of
Reasoning (R). Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.

a) Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A

b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false but R is true.
𝑑𝑦
𝑑2 𝑦
18. A: The degree of the differential equation + 𝑒 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 = 0 is not defined.
𝑑𝑥 2
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑦
R: 𝑒 𝑑𝑥 is not a polynomial in 𝑑𝑥 .
𝑑𝑦
19. A: The integrating factor of the differential equation 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 5𝑥 2 is 𝑥 2 .
𝑑𝑥
R: Integrating factor of the differential equation 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑅𝑥 = 𝑆 𝑖𝑠 𝑒 ∫ 𝑅𝑑𝑦 .
20. A: The number of arbitrary constants in the general solution of the differential equation
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
+ 4𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 = 0 is 2.
𝑑𝑥 2
R: The number of arbitrary constants in general solution of a differential equation depends

upon the degree of the differential equation.

21. A: The equation of curve passin2g through origin represented by the differential equation
𝑑𝑦
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑥 + 2𝑦 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 + 1 𝑖𝑠 𝑦 = 𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥.
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦 1
R: Integrating factor of the differential equation 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑥 + 2𝑦 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 + 1 is 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥.

𝑑𝑦 𝑥+√𝑦2 −𝑥 2
22. A: The differential equation 𝑑𝑥 = is a homogeneous differential equation.
𝑥
R: 𝑓(𝜆𝑥, 𝜆𝑦) = 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) holds for a homogeneous equation.

Case Based Questions

23. The Newton’s law of cooling states that the temperature of a body changes at a rate which is
proportional to the difference in temperature between that of the surrounding medium and that
of the body itself.

Water at temperature 1000 C cools in 10 minutes to 800 C in a room of temperature 250 C.

Based on above information answer the following :

i) Find the temperature of water after 20 minutes

ii) Find the time when the temperature is 400C
11
( given 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑒 15 = −0.3101, log 5 = 1.6094)

24. It is known that if the interest is compounded continuously , the principal changes at the rate
equal to the product of the rate of bank interest per annum and the principal.

Based on above information , answer the following :

i) If the interest is compounded continuously at 5% per annum , in how many years will
₹100 double itself?
ii) At what interest rate will ₹100 double itself in 10 years? ( 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑒 2 = 0.6931)
iii) How much will ₹1000 be worth at 5% interest after 10 years? (Given 𝑒 0.5 = 1.648)