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2024
PHYSICS HONOURS
-
Paper : CC-14
(Solid State Physics)
Full Marks : 50

figures in the margin indicate full marks.

The

Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words

as far as practicable.

Answer question no. I and any four questions from the rest.

1. Answer any Jive questions : 2x5

(a) A crystal cannot diffract uv radiation. - Explain.
(b) What is Bravais lattice? What are the maximum number of Bravais lattices possible?
(c) A plane makes intercepts of 1A, 2A and 3A on the crystallographic axes of an orlhorhombic
crystal rvith a : b: c:3 :2:1. Determine the Miller indices of this plane.
(d) What is Hali effect in solid?
(e) What are the basic assumptions of Kronig-Penny Model?
(1) For a certain gas molecule, the permanent dipole moment is 1.35 Debye unit. Calculate the
orientational polarizability at room temperature.
(g) Distinguish between paramagnetic and feromagnetic substances r,vith examples.

2. (a) Show that the reciprocal lattice corresponding to an FCC lattice is a BCC lattice.
(b) Write down Bragg's law and explain its role for the determination of crystal structure.
(c) if the lattice parameter of a cubic lattice is a, then show that lattice constant (inter-planer spacing)

(d) Find out the angle between two directions normal to (212) and (122) planes for a cubic crystal.
3+(1+1)+3+2

Please Turn Over

B (6th Sm. ) -P hy sics -H I C C- I 4 I CB CS (2)
3. (a) What do you mean by lattice vibration and phonon?
Show that the expression for the angular frequency (w) for diatomic lattice vibration
is
(b)

I 1 l-
* :ul#.;l-
-f
4sin2 ka
u
_+_l where the symbols have their usual sigrificance
M m) mM

(M> m). Hence, show that for optical branch k-+0,w* =

"l*. *)
, - t3
(c) At a very low temperature, the specific heat of rock salt is given by c, = Al + I according to
' [eo,/
Debye,s F law. Find the quantity of heat require to raise the temperature of 3 moles of rock salt
from 10K to 50K. fGiven A:464 callmol/K, eD:281K] (1+1)+(4+2)+2

4. (a) From the Weiss fieid theory, find out the expression of magnetic susceptibility for a ferromagnetic
material and show how does it vary above and below Curie temperature.
(b) The Curie temperature of iron is 1043K. If each iron atom has a magnetic moment of two Bohr
magneton, caliulate the values of the Weiss constant and the Curie constant. Assume that the
saturation magnetisation of iron is 1 .75 x 106 ampere/meter'
Iron is B.c.c with iattice parameter a:0.286 nm. Given vs:9.274111024 ln
(3+t%+1%)+(2+2)

(a) Kronig-penny Model gives a simplified form of energy levels in periodic lattice as

+ coscra = coska, where P ='''orob , o' =2*^E

aa
"sin*a h- h2

and symbols have their usual meaning.

(i) What is the physical significance of P?
(ii) By plotting the above equation as a function of 'cta', discuss the allowed and forbidden
regions in the plot. (Assume a fixed value of P).
(iii) What is the energy of the lowest band at k : 0 in the limit P << 11

(b) Consider the following (E - K') relation for a cubic sttucture

E:Eo-a-2y (cosftra +coskya-tcosk=a),wherect, y,Egare constants and'a' islattice
constant.
(i) Find out the points for which the energy is minimum and maximum.
(ii) Obtain an expression of the effective mass for smail values of 'k' in terms of the parameters.
(t+3+2)+(2+2)
 (3) B (6th Sm.) -Phy sic s-H I C C-l 4 I CB CS

6. (a) Discuss ditlerent types of polarizability with appropriate examples.

(b) What do you mean by local field in case of a dielectric? Establish Clausius-Mosotti relation in the
e ,. -l
forrn !:-j -
.\-cx-
?, u'here the symbols have their usual significance.
€,. +2 3e o

(c) A solid dielectric has electronic polarizability of 1g-40 p*2. If the internal dielectric field be a
Lorentz fie1d, rvhat is the dielectric constant of the material? [Density:3x1628 atoms/m3].
3+(1+3)+3

7. (a) Define rnobility of free electrons in a metal. What is its relation with conductivity?
(b) Write doltn two imporlant differences between Type-I and Type-II superconductors.
(c) Erplain briefly the Meissner effect rvith suitable diagram.
(d) The critical fields at 6K and 8K for a NbTi alloy are (1 .616 x 106 and 4.284 x t O6 A/m; respectively.
Determine the transition temperature and critical field at 0 K. (t + 1)+2+ (2+ t)+ /z)
1
( 1 %+ 1