PROGRESS TEST

PROGRESS TEST 1 19

ACTIVITY A
1. Write four words derived from ‘consume’.

consume

2. In about 20-30 words, say what you think about the consumer society.

ACTIVITY B
Read the following text.

FAST FOOD IN AMERICA

Fast food is cheap, easy and quick. Fast food companies spend millions of dollars each
year trying to make young people believe that fast food is cool. The average American eats
three burgers and four orders of French fries a week. Is it surprising that 14% of American
teenagers are obese? We look at America’s problem with fast food.
What’s wrong with fast food? 5

It’s fine to eat fast food occasionally as part of a healthy diet. But fast food is high in fat and
calories. So if your favourite meal is burger and fries, you could easily become obese.
Fast food in schools
There’s no escape from fast food for American teens. Fast food companies give money to US
schools to help them buy sports and computer equipment. In return, schools place advertisements 10
for the fast food companies in their hallways and on the sides of their school buses. They also sell
cheap fast food in school cafeterias and sponsor schoolbooks. There are special education days
when fast food managers talk to the students. Last March, it was “Coke in Education Day” at
Greenbrier High School in Georgia and some Coca-Cola managers visited the school and helped
15
them make a Coca-Cola cake.
What are the Americans going to do?
Now America is starting to fight back against the fast food companies. The two biggest states in
the US, California and Texas, might stop serving fast food and soda in school cafeterias. The
American government may bring in special laws for preventing and treating obesity.
TEAM (abridged)
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PROGRESS TEST 1

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1. Find evidence in the text for the following.
a) Fast food companies try to persuade young people that fast food is good.
_____________________________________________________________________________
b) We can eat fast food from time to time.
_____________________________________________________________________________
c) If you eat fast food very often, you get too fat.
_____________________________________________________________________________
d) It’s difficult for American teenagers not to eat fast food.
_____________________________________________________________________________
e) Schools advertise fast food in return for financial help.
_____________________________________________________________________________
f) Fast food companies pay for schoolbooks and provide meals.
_____________________________________________________________________________

2. Match the words on the left with their equivalents on the right.

1 a

2 b

3 c

4 d

56 e

66 f

76 g

3. Answer these questions on the text.

a) Why are so many American teenagers obese?
_____________________________________________________________________________
b) Why do people get obese if they eat too much fast food?
_____________________________________________________________________________
c) What happened on “Coke in Education Day”?
_____________________________________________________________________________
d) What are the states of California and Texas going to do?
_____________________________________________________________________________
e) What is the government going to do?
_____________________________________________________________________________
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PROGRESS TEST 1

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4. Put the words in brackets into the correct place.
a) A quarter of Americans eat fast food. (every day)
_____________________________________________________________________________
b) How do you eat fast food? (often)
_____________________________________________________________________________
c) There are about 34,000 McDonald’s restaurants all over the world. (now)
_____________________________________________________________________________
d) What are the advantages of finding McDonald’s restaurants in the world? (anywhere)
_____________________________________________________________________________
e) We’ve visited the fair. (since about 2000; regularly)
_____________________________________________________________________________

5. Put in little, a little, few or a few.

a) We must hurry. We have _______________ time.
b) There was _______________ traffic, so I got to the restaurant very early.
c) I saw Kate _______________ minutes ago.
d) There are ___________ restaurants here, so it’s difficult to find a good place to eat.
e) ‘Do you speak Spanish?’ ‘_______________.’

6. Make one sentence from two. Use so and such.

a) Fast food is high in fat and calories. You get fat.
_____________________________________________________________________________
b) My house is far from school. I have to take the bus.
_____________________________________________________________________________
c) It’s a good restaurant. I have to go there.
_____________________________________________________________________________
d) I’ve heard bad news. I’m shocked.
_____________________________________________________________________________

7. Complete with the comparative or superlative.

a) McDonald’s is the world’s _______________ (famous) brand.
b) Which burger contains _______________ (much) grams of total fat?
c) Which burger has _______________ (high) number of calories?
d) Healthy food is _______________ (good) fast food.
e) I can find the restaurant _______________ (easily) if I have a map.
f) I can’t hear. Could you speak a bit _______________ (loud)?
 PROGRESS TEST

PROGRESS TEST 1 23

8. Write each pair of sentences as one. Use the word in brackets.

a) Tom went to the restaurant. He wanted to have dinner. (to)
_____________________________________________________________________________
b) I gave Tom a map. He could find the way easily. (so that)
_____________________________________________________________________________
c) The American government may bring in special laws. They want to prevent obesity. (in
order to)
_____________________________________________________________________________
d) Fast food companies give money to US schools. They want to advertise fast food in
schools. (so as to)
_____________________________________________________________________________
e) I don’t eat fast food every day. I don’t want to get fat. (in order not to)
_____________________________________________________________________________

9. Complete with the gerund or the infinitive.

a) I hope _______________ (find) a job very soon.
b) Would you mind _______________ (close) the window?
c) The students are interested in _______________ (take) a summer course.
d) They enjoy _______________ (travel) by plane.
e) They agreed _______________ (pay) the meal.
f) Can you _______________ (lend) me your calculator?

ACTIVITY C
Fast food in US schools
Fast food companies give money to US schools to advertise fast food there.
Do you agree with that policy? Why?
What are the advantages and disadvantages of fast food?
Suggest a few solutions to the fast food problem in the US.

________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
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PROGRESS TEST 2

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INFORMAÇÃO – TESTE 2
A estrutura do teste sintetiza-se no quadro seguinte.

Tipologia Número Cotação

Ativ. Componentes Competências
de itens de itens (em pontos)
A Léxico- Competência linguística ITENS DE 1 20 pontos
semântica: • competência lexical SELEÇÃO
Young people and • competência gramatical • completamento
consumerism • associação/
• competência semântica
correspondência
• competência ortográfica
Morfossintática: • ordenação
Purpose clauses
Competência pragmática
Position and order ITENS DE
• competência funcional
of adverbs CONSTRUÇÃO
• competência
So and such • resposta curta
sociolinguística
• resposta restrita

B Competência linguística 9 100 pontos

• competência lexical
• competência gramatical
• competência semântica
• competência ortográfica

Competência pragmática
• competência discursiva
• competência
funcional/estratégica
• competência
sociolinguística

C Competência linguística ITENS DE 1 80 pontos

• competência lexical CONSTRUÇÃO
• competência gramatical • resposta extensa
• competência semântica
• competência ortográfica

Competência pragmática
• competência discursiva
• competência
funcional/estratégica

Total 200
 25

ACTIVITY A
1. Circle the odd word out.
a) Purchase / buy / afford / grasp
b) Shop / supply / market place / store
c) Record / note / cash / money
d) Possess / own / hold / have
e) Salary / expense / income / wage
f) Underwear / panties / trousers / bra
g) Waste / squander / splash out / conserve
h) Trend / tribe / craze / style

ACTIVITY B
Read the following text.

I’M NO LONGER CRAZY ABOUT SHOPPING!

Like many teenage girls, I like to go shopping with my friends. I don’t want to
wear the same clothes over and over again; they are out of date. Usually, I
spend my free time shopping for new clothes. But every time I go, I have to
face one fact: I can’t really buy all the trendy clothes out there that I want.
5 They’re so expensive! Once you buy that glittery tank top that costs around
twenty bucks, then you’ll have to buy the pants and jackets to match it, plus
there are shoes and accessories needed to put the whole outfit together. It all
adds up.
There’s never enough money to buy everything you want. No matter how
much I make, I’m still just a teenager with a part-time job. How can I keep up
10 with the newest trends? Still, I have more than enough. In fact, I have piles of
clothes in my closet that are useless, waiting to be donated to the Salvation
Army. My mom always screams at me in her loud voice, telling me not to
waste my money. I never listened to her before. But recently, I’m finding the
new styles and looks don’t really matter to me anymore. For Winter Ball at
15 my high school, students buy beautiful and expensive dresses or suits just to
wear once. What a waste of money! For everyday wear, as long as I feel
comfortable with my clothes, I’m not going to go crazy about shopping. I’ll
buy something if I like it. It doesn’t matter if it’s in style or not. Most teenagers
don’t feel this way, though. They keep up with trends because they want to
20 give a good first impression. Some people look at you and determine what
kind of a person you are by just glancing at your clothes. Many teens think
it’s important to dress the right way so that the others accept them.
If you dress geeky, most likely your group of friends dresses geeky, too.
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PROGRESS TEST 2

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Or if you dress really nice and in style, you’ll probably end up in the popular clique. The way teens 25
dress isolates and separates them from each other.
It seems corporations understand teens’ obsession with clothing. With all the magazines
and fashionable celebrities, most young people want what they see. Many get part-time jobs
in retail stores so they can get discounts. Teenagers may not be able to afford the most
expensive items, but they can purchase sale or clearance clothing. It depends. Teenagers are
big spenders, too. Once that VISA comes in the mailbox, a lot of people rely on their plastic 30
cards to pay for everything. Some teens even go into major debt.
The fact is we’re only teenagers. While commercials and magazines entice us with their
goods, we can’t buy all the clothes out there. We can’t afford to follow the trends. I’m not
going to go bankrupt just over clothing. Besides there are more important things I need to 35
save for like a computer, textbooks and tuition for college.
by Queena Lu
1. Find evidence in the text for the following.
a) Queena hates to wear worn out clothes. _______________________________________
b) She also doesn’t like to wear old-fashioned outfits. ______________________________
c) It’s impossible for her to buy everything she wishes. _____________________________
d) To have the perfect outfit you have to spend a lot of money. ______________________
e) She didn’t use to follow her mother’s advices. __________________________________

2. What’s the event mentioned in the text teenagers spend a lot of money to go to?
______________________________________________________________________________
3. Name the two reasons that explain teens’ obsession for keeping up with trends.
______________________________________________________________________________
4. Complete the sentences according to the text.
a) Magazines and celebrities influence___________________________________________
b) Some teens work in retail stores to be able_____________________________________
c) Many people use the Visa card________________________________________________
d) Queena needs to save in order to _____________________________________________

5. Explain the sentence from the text – “We can’t afford to follow the trends”. (l. 34)
______________________________________________________________________________
6. Find the synonyms for the words below in the given paragraphs.
a) fashionable (para. 1) ________________________________________________________
b) clothes (para. 1) _____________________________________________________________
c) lots (para. 2) ________________________________________________________________
d) worthless (para. 2) __________________________________________________________
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PROGRESS TEST 2

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7. Order the words to make a meaningful sentence.
a) money / is / Queena / extremely / her / careful / with
_____________________________________________________________________________
b) money / rarely / she / wastes
_____________________________________________________________________________
c) goes / shopping / once a month / she / only
_____________________________________________________________________________
d) park / their / can / people / in this shopping centre / cars / easily / at any time
_____________________________________________________________________________

8. Rewrite the sentences below using the words in brackets.

a) Teens keep up with trends because they want to give a good impression. (so that)
_____________________________________________________________________________
b) Teenagers buy trendy clothes because they want to look like famous people. (in order
to) ____________________________________________________________________
c) Many teens get a job in retail stores so they can get discounts. (so as to)
_____________________________________________________________________________

9. Put in so, such or such a (n).

a) The shop was _______________ crowded that we didn’t manage to get inside.
b) She is _______________ stylish person that she is an inspiration for everybody.
c) Miss Sixty is _______ expensive brand that few people dare to buy any of its clothes.
d) These shoes are awesome. They are _______________ comfortable.

ACTIVITY C
We’re living under economic pressure. Parents have to manage money very
carefully. However, teenagers are giving their parents a hard time by demanding too
much from them. You are going to write a text to post on the noticeboard of your
school about consumerism and its negative effects on people and on the
environment.

________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
 PROGRESS TEST

PROGRESS TEST 3 29

INFORMAÇÃO – TESTE 3

A estrutura do teste sintetiza-se no quadro seguinte.

Tipologia Número Cotação

Ativ. Componentes Competências
de itens de itens (em pontos)
A Léxico- Competência linguística ITENS DE 2 20 pontos
semântica: • competência lexical SELEÇÃO
Young people and • competência gramatical • associação/
consumerism correspondência
• competência semântica
• completamento
• competência ortográfica
Morfossintática:
Noun formation ITENS DE
Competência pragmática
Comparatives and CONSTRUÇÃO
• competência funcional
superlatives • resposta curta
• competência
Gerund • resposta restrita
sociolinguística

B Competência linguística 9 100 pontos

• competência lexical
• competência gramatical
• competência semântica
• competência ortográfica

Competência pragmática
• competência discursiva
• competência
funcional/estratégica
• competência
sociolinguística

C Competência linguística ITENS DE 1 80 pontos

• competência lexical CONSTRUÇÃO
• competência gramatical • resposta extensa
• competência semântica
• competência ortográfica

Competência pragmática
• competência discursiva
• competência
funcional/estratégica

Total 200
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PROGRESS TEST 3

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ACTIVITY A
1. Find the words/expressions.
a) a person that consumes: c __ __ __ __ __ __ __
b) a compulsive shopper: s __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
c) money for small current expenses: p __ __ __ __ __ m __ __ __ __
d) in vogue: f __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
e) a paid announcement of goods or services: a __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

2. In about 20-30 words, say if you are influenced by advertising.

ACTIVITY B
Read the following text.

ADVERTISING AND EATING HABITS

In America, the rate of obesity has risen at an astonishing rate. It can easily be
considered the epidemic rocking our nation. As one of the wealthiest countries on the
planet, the US also has the highest rate of obesity at 30.6%, according to an article in the
New Yorker. This issue causes major financial and health problems, in addition to
lowering our status against other nations. Today’s cultural media and advertising are a 5
large factor in the increasing rates of obesity. Americans are eating themselves to death,
and our culture supports these eating disorders.
One major cause of the rise in obesity is false advertising. Sugar is a main cause in
weight increase, and Americans un-knowingly ingest much more than they need to. For
example, a popular yogurt brand advertises 99% fat free on their fruit flavored yogurts but 10

a look at the nutritional content shows that this “lowfat” product still has more than five
teaspoons of sugar. According to a study conducted by MSNBC, the recommended sugar
intake for women is six teaspoons daily, whereas the intake for men is nine. So, one of
those yogurts is almost the daily amount of sugar a person needs in order to maintain a
healthy diet. Their false promotions lead people who don’t know enough about sugar 15

intake to feel like they are making a smart decision when in actuality, they aren’t.
The obesity rate has caused major healthcare and economic disadvantages in the
United States. For example, Americans’ extra bulk has cost the airlines an extra quarter
of a billion dollars annually. In hospitals, modifications have had to be made to revolving
doors to make them wider so obese patients can fit through. Medical centers have also 20
had to buy special wheelchairs and operating tables to accommodate the obese. Clearly,
obesity is a huge issue in America, and the media is encouraging this eating disorder.
http://www.teenink.com/hot_topics/health/article/341011/Advertising-and-Its-Negative-Effect-on-Our-Eating-Habits/
(abridged)
 PROGRESS TEST

31

1. Find evidence in the text for the following.

a) The world’s richest country has got the highest number of obese people.
b) Mass media and advertising contribute to high rates of obesity.
c) Americans ingest more sugar than they think.
d) Although some products are advertised as fat free, they still contain sugar.
e) Obesity is also an economic problem for that country.

2. What do the following words refer to?

a) It (l. 1)
b) themselves (l. 6)
c) who (l. 15)

3. Explain the expressions.

a) “at an astonishing rate” (l. 1)
b) “eating themselves to death” (l. 6)

4. Find synonyms in the last paragraph of the text.

a) great b) drawbacks

5. Complete the sentences according to the text.

a) In the USA obesity has _______________________________________________________
b) False advertising contributes __________________________________________________
c) It has been necessary to ______________________________________________________

6. Answer the questions.

a) What are the consequences of a high rate of obesity to the USA?
_____________________________________________________________________________
b) How does advertising contribute to that rate?
_____________________________________________________________________________

7. Add a suffix to these words to form nouns.

a) obese – ____________________________
b) friend _ _____________________________
c) manage – ___________________________
d) mother – ____________________________
e) differ – ______________________________
f) reception – ___________________________
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PROGRESS TEST 3

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8. Complete with the comparative or superlative of the words in brackets.
a) The USA is one of _____________________ (powerful) countries in the world.
b) Its population is _____________________ (obese) anywhere else.
c) Advertising makes it _____________________ (hard) to solve the problem.
d) The situation is _____________________(bad) in the past.
e) The government is working _____________________ (fast) as they can.

9. Complete the sentences with the gerund. Use the verbs in the box.
a) They are interested in _________________ the problem. • go
b) I like _________________ books about health.
c) _________________ exercise is essential to our well-being. • solve
d) In spite of all warnings, she keeps _________________ more • eat
than she should.
e) George has given up _________________. • smoke
f) I don’t mind _________________ to work on foot. • do

• read

ACTIVITY C
Your class is preparing a debate on advertising. Decide if you are for or against it.
Write a text to support your point of view.
Write about 80-100 words.

________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
 PROGRESS TEST

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INFORMAÇÃO – TESTE 4

A estrutura do teste sintetiza-se no quadro seguinte.

Tipologia Número Cotação

Ativ. Componentes Competências
de itens de itens (em pontos)
A Léxico- Competência linguística ITENS DE 2 20 pontos
semântica: • competência lexical SELEÇÃO
The world of work • competência gramatical • associação/
correspondência
• competência semântica
Morfossintática: • completamento
• competência ortográfica
Prepositions of • transformação
place
Competência pragmática
Clauses of reason ITENS DE
• competência funcional
Clauses of CONSTRUÇÃO
• competência
concession • resposta curta
sociolinguística
Relative pronouns • resposta restrita

B Competência linguística 7 100 pontos

• competência lexical
• competência gramatical
• competência semântica
• competência ortográfica

Competência pragmática
• competência discursiva
• competência
funcional/estratégica
• competência
sociolinguística

C Competência linguística ITENS DE 1 80 pontos

• competência lexical CONSTRUÇÃO
• competência gramatical • resposta extensa
• competência semântica
• competência ortográfica

Competência pragmática
• competência discursiva
• competência
funcional/estratégica

Total 200
EDITO
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PROGRESS TEST 4

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ACTIVITY A
1. Organise the jobs below in five categories. Use the words in the box.
• painter • secretary • architect • factory worker
• receptionist • agronomist • fruit packer • taxi driver
• manager • plumber • shop assistant • quality controller
• farmer • banker

Business Industry Services Construction Agriculture

2. In about 20-30 words, identify four personal qualities that make a good worker.

ACTIVITY B
Read the following text.

CELEBRITY FIRST JOBS

Who doesn’t remember their first job?
For many people, it came during their high school years. Maybe it was schlepping boxes
at the local Wal-Mart, serving up burgers at McDonald’s or sweeping the floor at Home
5 Depot. But no matter where you worked, you probably shared some common first-job
experiences: the trepidation of showing up that first day, the fear of an unfamiliar boss, the
thrill of a first paycheck.
Sound familiar? It’s common for celebrities, too. Most big achievers in business, law,
politics and entertainment can trace their working lives back to humble beginnings-busing
tables, delivering newspapers, hauling packages or shining shoes.
10 Donald Trump didn’t always command respect in the boardroom or on the real estate
scene. As a teenager, he walked around to his father’s properties and collected rent from
tenants who were generally unhappy to see him.
As a baseball star in the 1980s and 1990s, Cal Ripken Jr. always tipped the clubhouse
boys well. That’s because he spent much of his youth sweeping up and folding towels at
15 minor league ballparks.
For many, that first job was also their first experience dealing with people outside the
comfort zone of their immediate family and friends. Most learned what they liked and
disliked in a boss, and how to relate to other people.
Whatever their backgrounds or career disciplines, famous people tend to look at their
20 jobs in similar ways. Many say they’re in it for the love of the work itself, and they claim they
rejected short-term economic gain during their early years in favour of a happy and fulfilling
career. Getting rich was just a natural long-term byproduct, they say. But others say there’s
nothing wrong with being in business just for the money.
http://www.forbes.com/2006/05/20/celebrity-first-jobs_cx_tvr_06work_0523celeb.html
(abridged and slightly adapted)
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1. Complete the chart with four common first-job experiences.

First job

2. Answer the questions.

a) Identify three jobs done by celebrities before becoming famous.
_____________________________________________________________________________
b) What did Donald Trump do as a teenager?
_____________________________________________________________________________
c) How do most famous people see their current jobs?
_____________________________________________________________________________

3. What do the following words refer to?

a) it (l. 2) _______________________________________________________________________
b) their (l. 8) ___________________________________________________________________
c) he (l. 11) _____________________________________________________________________

4. Match the words from the text with their equivalents.

1 a

2 b

3 c

4 d

56 e

5. Make one sentence from two by using the word(s) given in brackets.
a) Many people are rich and famous. They started in modest jobs. (although)
_____________________________________________________________________________
b) I am going to accept that job. It is very well-paid. (since)
_____________________________________________________________________________
c) They don’t like their boss. He has a harsh personality. (due to)
_____________________________________________________________________________
 PROGRESS TEST

37

d) She works very hard. She doesn’t earn much. (in spite of)
_____________________________________________________________________________
e) The company is going through difficulties. They won’t dismiss anyone. (however)
_____________________________________________________________________________

6. Join the sentences with a relative pronoun/adverb. Omit it whenever possible.

a) This the secretary. She works for my company.
_____________________________________________________________________________
b) The shop is very large. They opened it.
_____________________________________________________________________________
c) That is the house. I lived there when I was a child.
_____________________________________________________________________________
d) The girl is my cousin. You met her yesterday.
_____________________________________________________________________________
e) He is the writer. His book hit the charts.
_____________________________________________________________________________
f) I read the article. It was about unemployment.
_____________________________________________________________________________

7. Fill in the blanks with the correct preposition.

a) I was sitting ________________ John and Mark.
b) There were many pictures ________________ the wall.
c) Let’s meet ________________ the train station.
d) The children were hiding ________________ the sofa.
e) Don’t go ________________. It’s raining heavily.

ACTIVITY C
Choose a job that you would love to do and another that you would hate to do.
Give reasons for your choice.
Write about 80-100 words.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
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PROGRESS TEST 5

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INFORMAÇÃO – TESTE 5

A estrutura do teste sintetiza-se no quadro seguinte.

Tipologia Número Cotação

Ativ. Componentes Competências
de itens de itens (em pontos)
A Léxico- Competência linguística ITENS DE 1 20 pontos
semântica: • competência lexical SELEÇÃO
The world of work • competência gramatical • associação
/correspondência
• competência semântica
Morfossintática: • completamento
• competência ortográfica
Correlative • transformação
conjunctions
Competência pragmática
Relative clauses ITENS DE
• competência funcional
Second conditional CONSTRUÇÃO
• competência
• resposta curta
sociolinguística
• resposta restrita

B Competência linguística 8 100 pontos

• competência lexical
• competência gramatical
• competência semântica
• competência ortográfica

Competência pragmática
• competência discursiva
• competência
funcional/estratégica
• competência
sociolinguística

C Competência linguística ITENS DE 1 80 pontos

• competência lexical CONSTRUÇÃO
• competência gramatical • resposta extensa
• competência semântica
• competência ortográfica

Competência pragmática
• competência discursiva
• competência
funcional/estratégica

Total 200
 PROGRESS TEST

39

ACTIVITY A
1. Complete the table with the following words, to form expressions:

• part-time • voluntary • shift • full-time • interview • place • vacancy • shop

work work

ACTIVITY B
Read the following text.

GAP YEAR
From my experience, the stereotype of the gap year being only for rich kids to live some
adventures couldn’t be further from the truth. Volunteering isn’t so expensive that it’s only
an option for the well off. I spent 10 weeks volunteering in Arizona with America
Conservation Experience (ACE), helping to preserve America’s natural beauty.
5 The trip was arranged through Bunac, a work and volunteer organisation. Altogether, it
cost me around £1,000 – a sum which I covered mostly by working in my student bar.
Despite the self-indulgent image associated with overseas volunteer projects, the work
can be hard going. I spent my time abroad maintaining trails, building fences and
implementing re-vegetation projects in some of the national parks and national monuments
10 of America.
Summer temperatures in Arizona stay well above 35C, not ideal if you’re carrying 50 kg
of concrete for 10 hours at a time. And then there’s the wildlife to deal with. One afternoon
nap took a less subdued turn when I realised that a rattlesnake was resting only 3 metres
from me. The experience, needless to say, improved my strength of character – and
15 reduced my fear of the English household spider.
Most people volunteer because they want to give something back to the world. But in reality,
you benefit just as much as the local communities and eco-systems you’re helping.
Spending 10 months in America’s most beautiful national parks and forests was an
unforgettable experience. I gained a far deeper understanding of the local environment
20 than the average tourist, meeting ex-national park rangers, who had a unique knowledge of
the area’s history and eco system.
The most challenging aspects of working abroad are also the most beneficial. Being
placed in an unfamiliar environment forces you to use your initiative and develop self-
confidence – surviving 10 days of camping in the wild is something that three years of
25 university could never provide.
But best of all, my 10 weeks were spent volunteering with young people from a mix of
cultures and backgrounds – from Belgians to South Koreans. When I left Arizona, I
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returned home having made friends with students from across the world.
http://www.guardian.co.uk/education/mortarboard/2012/aug/09/why-i-chose-to-volunteer-abroad (abridged)
 40
PROGRESS TEST 5

AREA
1. Fill in the table with information from the text.

Advantages (5) Difficulties (2)

____________________________________ ____________________________________
____________________________________ ____________________________________
___________________________________ ___________________________________
____________________________________ ____________________________________

2. What do the following words refer to?

a) my (l. 1) ______________________________________________________________________
b) it (l. 3) _______________________________________________________________________
c) which (l. 6) __________________________________________________________________

3. Find in the first paragraph of the text words/expressions that mean the same as:
a) a year out ____________________________________________________________________
b) performing a service without pay _______________________________________________
c) rich __________________________________________________________________________

4. Match the two halves in order to form sentences.

1 a

2 b

3 c

4 d

5. Answer the questions.

a) What is the stereotype that involves the gap year?
_____________________________________________________________________________
b) Does the writer agree with that idea? Give reasons.
_____________________________________________________________________________
c) In his opinion what was the best thing about his gap year?
_____________________________________________________________________________

6. Combine two sentences into one by using: both … and, not only … but also, either … or,
neither … nor.
a) He visited the monuments. He visited the museums.
_____________________________________________________________________________
b) Jim doesn’t like travelling by plane. His wife doesn’t like travelling by plane.
_____________________________________________________________________________
 PROGRESS TEST

41

c) My father works in a bank. My mother works in a bank.

_____________________________________________________________________________
d) I can go to work by bus. I can go to work by underground.
_____________________________________________________________________________

7. Join the sentences with a relative pronoun/adverb. Omit it whenever possible.

a) The trip was arranged by Brunac. It is a work and volunteer organisation.
_____________________________________________________________________________
b) This is the place. I was born here.
_____________________________________________________________________________
c) Those are the friends. I made them while travelling.
_____________________________________________________________________________
d) She is the girl. She volunteers at the children’s hospital.
_____________________________________________________________________________
e) She loved the flowers. I gave her the flowers.
_____________________________________________________________________________
f) The film was excellent. We saw it yesterday.
_____________________________________________________________________________

8. Complete the sentences.

a) If I took a gap year, ___________________________________________________________
b) I would make many friends if _________________________________________________
c) If you volunteer, _____________________________________________________________
d) They wouldn’t make any plans if ______________________________________________
e) If you had a part-time job, ____________________________________________________

ACTIVITY C
Imagine you have taken a gap year. Describe your experience to post to your blog.
Write about 80-100 words.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________
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PROGRESS TEST 6

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INFORMAÇÃO – TESTE 6

A estrutura do teste sintetiza-se no quadro seguinte.

Tipologia Número Cotação

Ativ. Componentes Competências
de itens de itens (em pontos)
A Léxico- Competência linguística ITENS DE 1 20 pontos
semântica: • competência lexical SELEÇÃO
The world of work • competência gramatical • verdadeiro/falso
• competência semântica • associação/
correspondência
• competência ortográfica
Morfossintática: • completamento
Conjunctions • transformação
Competência pragmática
Relative clauses • competência funcional
Correlative ITENS DE
• competência
conjunctions CONSTRUÇÃO
sociolinguística
Clauses of • resposta curta
concession • resposta restrita

B Competência linguística 9 100 pontos

• competência lexical
• competência gramatical
• competência semântica
• competência ortográfica

Competência pragmática
• competência discursiva
• competência
funcional/estratégica
• competência
sociolinguística

C Competência linguística ITENS DE 1 80 pontos

• competência lexical CONSTRUÇÃO
• competência gramatical • resposta extensa
• competência semântica
• competência ortográfica

Competência pragmática
• competência discursiva
• competência
funcional/estratégica

Total 200
 PROGRESS TEST

43

ACTIVITY A
1. Translate the following words.
a) employer b) employee c) manager
d) workmate e) colleague f) staff

ACTIVITY B
Read the following text.

TELEMARKETING IS THE JOB FOR YOU

It was July 2002. I was 17 and I thought there were thousands of jobs for me. I had done
a lot of voluntary work; I could type; I was friendly and motivated. What more could they ask
for? I drove all around Los Angeles filling out applications and doing interviews. Then I waited
for the phone calls. Well, the phone calls never came. I got discouraged because I couldn’t
5 even find a job at McDonald’s.

No fast-food job for me

That day I read the classified ads to find something that was interesting. I plan to work in
the health field, so I wanted something that would get me prepared for that. But all the jobs
were in grocery stores and fast-food restaurants.
10 I circled the ads that looked interesting, like “Make $16 an hour,” but I had to sell magazines
door-to-door. Finally, I found about five jobs that were good for me.
I called these places and faxed my short résumé, but they were looking for people over
18. As I continued to read the pages, I saw a big advertisement. “Telemarketing. No
experience required.”
15 This job paid $8 an hour, they offered flexible hours and had an office that I could get to in
10 minutes. I knew this job was for me, so I called immediately. The lady told me I was
qualified and gave me directions. My interview was for 2 p.m. the same day. I dressed in a
nice white blouse and a black skirt. I arrived at the office at 1.40 p.m. I felt confident and
entered the building.
By Nicole Bryant, 18
www.layouth.com
(abridged and adapted)
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PROGRESS TEST 6

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1. Are these statements true (T), false (F) or not mentioned (NM)? Quote from the text to
support your answers.
a) Nicole believed it was easy for her to find a job.
_____________________________________________________________________________
b) She had some skills and personal qualities to help her find a job.
_____________________________________________________________________________
c) She got a job at McDonald’s.
_____________________________________________________________________________
d) Nicole decided to stop looking for a job.
_____________________________________________________________________________
e) They gave her the job as a telemarketer.
_____________________________________________________________________________

2. Match the words on the left with their equivalents on the right.

friendly (l. 2) 1 a trying to find

door-to-door (l. 11) 2 b went on

looking for (l. 12) 3 c needed

continued (l. 13) 4 d amiable

required (l. 14) 56 e at once

immediately (l. 16) 66 f from building to building

3. Complete the sentences according to the text.

a) Nicole waited for the phone calls, but _________________________________________.
b) She got discouraged ________________________________________________________.
c) She read the classified ads __________________________________________________.

4. Give complete answers to these questions.

a) What sort of job was Nicole looking for and why?
_____________________________________________________________________________
b) Why couldn’t she apply for the five jobs she found in the newspaper?
_____________________________________________________________________________
c) What did she like about the telemarketing advertisement?
_____________________________________________________________________________
d) What did she have to do to get the job?
_____________________________________________________________________________
e) Do you think she got the job? Justify your answer.
_____________________________________________________________________________
 PROGRESS TEST

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46
PROGRESS TEST 6

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5. Choose the best option.
1. Nicole plays badminton ________________ she doesn’t play well.
a) and b) but c) since
2. She left early ________________ she had an interview.
a) because of b) so c) because
3. ________________ she was unemployed, she didn’t want a fast-food job.
a) Despite b) However c) Although
4. ________________ being qualified, she couldn’t find a good job.
a) In spite of b) Although c) However
5. ________________ she didn’t want to arrive late, she left home very early.
a) Due to b) Since c) Because of
6. Her interview started ________________ 2.00 ________________ the afternoon.
a) at; on b) in; on c) at; in
7. She went ________________ the office to get some fresh air.
a) into b) out of c) across

6. Complete with a relative pronoun or a relative adverb. Omit the pronoun whenever
possible.
a) A telemarketer is a person ________________ sells things and takes orders for sales by
telephone.
b) A technician is a person ________________ job is to keep a particular type of
equipment or machinery in good condition.
c) A shop is a building ________________ you can buy goods.
d) The shop ________________ sells cheap clothes is over there.
e) That is the ad ________________ I saw in the newspaper.

7. Join the sentences by using a relative pronoun or relative adverb. Omit the pronoun
whenever possible.
a) The man called my name. He was very young.
_____________________________________________________________________________
b) There was a big room. They took me there.
_____________________________________________________________________________
c) I showed him my résumé. It was filled with voluntary work.
_____________________________________________________________________________
d) He asked me some questions. I found them easy to answer.
_________________________________________________________________________________
e) There were other young people. They were doing their interviews.
_________________________________________________________________________________
 PROGRESS TEST

47

8. Combine the following sentences into one sentence by using: both … and;
not only … but also; either … or; neither … nor.
a) Nicole isn’t at home. Her mother isn’t at home either.
_____________________________________________________________________________
b) Nicole applied for the job. Paul applied for the job.
_____________________________________________________________________________
c) She can go the interview at 2.00. She can go at 3.00.
_____________________________________________________________________________
d) She will have to study hard. She will have to pass her exams.
_____________________________________________________________________________

9. Rewrite the sentences, starting them as suggested.

a) She read the classified ads but she couldn’t find any interesting job.
Although ____________________________________________________________________
b) She is friendly and motivated but she hasn’t got the required qualifications.
In spite of ___________________________________________________________________

ACTIVITY C
Nicole plans to work in the health field. What about you? What are your plans for the
future and why?
Write about 80-100 words on the subject.

________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
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PROGRESS TEST 6

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INFORMAÇÃO – TESTE 7

A estrutura do teste sintetiza-se no quadro seguinte.

Tipologia Número Cotação

Ativ. Componentes Competências
de itens de itens (em pontos)
A Léxico- Competência linguística ITENS DE 1 20 pontos
semântica: • competência lexical SELEÇÃO
Communication in • competência gramatical • associação/
the professional correspondência
• competência semântica
world • completamento
• competência ortográfica
Morfossintática: ITENS DE
Competência pragmática
Infinitive CONSTRUÇÃO
• competência funcional
Reported speech • resposta curta
• competência
The passive • resposta restrita
sociolinguística

B Competência linguística 8 100 pontos

• competência lexical
• competência gramatical
• competência semântica
• competência ortográfica

Competência pragmática
• competência discursiva
• competência
funcional/estratégica
• competência
sociolinguística

C Competência linguística ITENS DE 1 80 pontos

• competência lexical CONSTRUÇÃO
• competência gramatical • resposta extensa
• competência semântica
• competência ortográfica

Competência pragmática
• competência discursiva
• competência
funcional/estratégica

Total 200
 PROGRESS TEST

PROGRESS TEST 7 49

ACTIVITY A
1. Identify six areas of activity where the English language is used a lot.

a) ___________________ b) __________________ c) __________________

e) ___________________ f) ___________________ g) ___________________

ACTIVITY B
Read the following text.

ENGLISH – THE INTERNATIONAL LANGUAGE

POWERING WORLD TRADE
Being multi-lingual is an increasingly important business skill as world markets become more
globalised and interconnected than ever before. As new economies develop rapidly, the value of
being able to speak Mandarin, Arabic and Hindi is increasing. However, English remains the
leading international language, with an estimated 1.5 billion speakers across the world. The
dominance of English is colossal; the most widely used language the world has ever seen. It is 5

the language of modern scholarship, the Internet and technology, the global media and
advertising, international politics and diplomacy, and particularly, global business.
The enormous growth of English is both a result and cause of globalisation. The boom in
international trade has brought people from all cultures and countries together to exchange
goods and services. Yet, the role that English has played in driving global trade and reducing 10

the sense of distance between countries is often overlooked. With more people on the move
today than at any other point in human history, English has increasingly become the ‘lingua
franca’ for international trade. This is powerfully underlined by the calculation that an estimated
80 per cent of those communicating in English are non-native speakers.
English is the most widely studied second language in the world and its role as a communicative 15

currency means that ensuring consistent standards of English across the world is central to its
value. Indeed, it is currently studied by more than 1.2 million people annually who wish to pursue
higher education, immigration and employment opportunities abroad. There are English students in
all corners of the world, from Argentina and Uganda to Syria and China.
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http://www.internationaltrade.co.uk (abridged)
50
PROGRESS TEST 7

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1. Which of the following statements are true?
a) Speaking languages is not important in the business world. 
b) English is the universal language. 
c) The dominance of English is related to globalisation. 
d) The majority of people who speak English are native speakers. 
e) There are several reasons for people to study English. 

2. What do the following words refer to?

a) It (l. 6) ______________________________________________________________________
b) This (l. 13) __________________________________________________________________
c) who (l. 17) ___________________________________________________________________

3. Find in the first paragraph of the text words that mean the same as:
a) more and more ______________________________________________________________
b) calculated ___________________________________________________________________
c) gigantic _____________________________________________________________________

4. Complete the sentences according to the text.

a) English continues to be ______________________________________________________
b) Globalisation has contributed ________________________________________________
c) Nowadays people from all cultures ___________________________________________
d) More than 1.2 million people _________________________________________________

5. Answer the questions.

a) Explain why English is ‘the leading international language’.
_____________________________________________________________________________
b) What is the relationship between English and world trade?
_____________________________________________________________________________
c) Why do so many people around the world study English?
_____________________________________________________________________________

6. Rewrite the sentences in reported speech.

a) Why are you learning English?
He asked me ________________________________________________________________
b) Tell me what is worrying you.
My mother asked me ________________________________________________________
c) Does Peter work in this shop?
Mary asked Susan ___________________________________________________________
 PROGRESS TEST

51

d) Don’t telephone; send an email.

Her boss told her ____________________________________________________________

7. Fill in the blanks with the correct tense of the verbs in brackets.
a) He would like __________________ (speak) English fluently.
b) I saw the driver __________________ (run) away after the accident.
c) My friend persuaded me __________________ (tell) her everything I knew.
d) They should __________________ (pay) attention to their son’s behaviour.
e) I’d rather __________________ (go) camping than stay at a hotel.
f) He asked me __________________ (do) him a favour.

8. Rewrite the sentences in the passive.

a) Many people speak English throughout the world.
English _____________________________________________________________________
b) They asked me to participate in the debate.
I ____________________________________________________________________________
c) We should always remember that rule.
That ________________________________________________________________________

ACTIVITY C

Write an article for your school newspaper showing the importance of learning
English in the students’ future professional life.
Write about 80-100 words.

________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
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PROGRESS TEST 7

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INFORMAÇÃO – TESTE 8

A estrutura do teste sintetiza-se no quadro seguinte.

Tipologia Número Cotação

Ativ. Componentes Competências
de itens de itens (em pontos)
A Léxico- Competência linguística ITENS DE 1 20 pontos
semântica: • competência lexical SELEÇÃO
Communication in • competência gramatical • escolha múltipla
the professional • verdadeiro/falso
• competência semântica
world
• competência ortográfica • completamento
• transformação
Morfossintática:
Competência pragmática
Relative clauses
• competência funcional ITENS DE
Infinitive CONSTRUÇÃO
• competência
Reported speech • resposta curta
sociolinguística
The passive • resposta restrita
Present perfect
continuous
B Past perfect Competência linguística 10 100 pontos
continuous • competência lexical
Have something • competência gramatical
done • competência semântica
• competência ortográfica

Competência pragmática
• competência discursiva
• competência
funcional/estratégica
• competência
sociolinguística

C Competência linguística ITENS DE 1 80 pontos

• competência lexical CONSTRUÇÃO
• competência gramatical • resposta extensa
• competência semântica
• competência ortográfica

Competência pragmática
• competência discursiva
• competência
funcional/estratégica

Total 200
 PROGRESS TEST

PROGRESS TEST 8 53

ACTIVITY A
1. Tick (✓) the sentences that best suit business communication.
a) Please, send me the thing. 
b) Yes, I'll put you through. □
c) A copy of the invoice is attached. □
d) That’s cool, Dude! □
e) Let me introduce you to Mr Stuart. □
f) I’m calling to confirm your appointment. □
g) Great! CU there. □
h) I’m enclosing our latest price list. □
i) The price seems reasonable. Our firm is most likely to purchase it. □
j) Five bucks! We’ll keep it. □

ACTIVITY B
Read the following text.

TYPES OF PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION

Professional communication practices today are

growing faster than there is time to train people
adequately. At one time, professional communication
consisted of written, verbal or oral communication.
Today, professional communication has expanded to 5
include digital and technical communication.
Competent communication skills are vital to all
professional careers because all careers, to different
degrees, involve communication in one form or
another.

Effective professional verbal communication includes the ability to speak fluently, to 10

be able to go straight to the point in a manner appropriate for the occasion. The way
you communicate with people at a board meeting is different from the way you
communicate while having a working lunch or even when you meet a school friend. It’s
also important that you have the ability to listen carefully to comments from those you
15
are talking to and to observe their reactions.
Another form of verbal professional communication is public speaking or making a
formal presentation to a group of people. To be an effective public speaker, you have
to prepare the speech to fit the audience you are talking too. You cannot always trust
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your on-the-spot speaking skills but a well-organized speech will certainly convince the
listener you know what you are talking about. 20
54
PROGRESS TEST 8
.

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 PROGRESS TEST

55

Also you need to understand the importance of written communication in the world of work
to be successful. A good professional is efficient at using all forms of grammar and punctuation
to add in-depth meaning to their writing. There are a variety of types of written communication
including writing: letters, memos, marketing flyers, posters, magazines and many more. Each
25 of these types of professional written communications requires different technical and literary
skills.
Really important is digital communication in our professional world. This is evolving so
rapidly, that professionals are having problems in keeping up with so many new things and in
using them effectively. Social networking, emailing, blogging, texting, Internet conferencing
30 and research and teleconferencing are all forms of communication that effective professionals
must understand and master. Using email to communicate, rather than making a phone call,
may be time efficient, but it may not be adequate for the situation. Digital communication is the
future. Meanwhile every professional must learn which types of digital communication is the
most effective for him.
http://www.ehow.com/info_8008108_types-professional-communication.html

1. Say if the following sentences are true (T) or false (F). Quote from the text to support
your answers.
a) Communication in the professional world hasn’t changed that much
over the last years. □
b) There are jobs which don’t require any kind of communication skills. □
c) The type of speech you use depends on the person you are addressing. □
d) Communication in the business world demands only that you focus on
what you’re saying. □
e) It’s easy to keep up with digital methods of business communication. □

2. Choose the best answer.

1. go straight to the point (l. 11)
a) not lose time with useless details
b) make small talk first
2. to fit (l. 18)
a) healthy
b) to be adapted to
3. on the spot (l. 18)
a) extemporaneous
b) in a particular location
4. master (l. 31)
a) have a full command of
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b) a male teacher
56
PROGRESS TEST 8
3. Identify in the text the three types of professional communication workers have to

AREA
master nowadays. Which one do business people use more frequently?
__________________________________________________________________________________

4. Complete the sentences according to the text.

a) If you want to convince the listener you know what you’re talking about, ___________
b) A good knowledge of grammar and punctuation _________________________________
c) Each type of written communication ____________________________________________
d) Since digital communication is changing so quickly, ______________________________

5. Join these sentences by means of a relative pronoun (who, which, that, whose). Mind
the punctuation and omit the relative pronoun whenever possible.
a) Peter Smith is a successful businessman. His company has doubled its profits.
b) My sister works in the human resources department. She is always in contact with people.
c) Carol works for an international company. It sells beauty products.
d) Where’s the man? He talked to me on the phone.
e) The manager is at a meeting. I want to see him.

6. Choose the correct option.

a) I had been working / have been working for hours before I sat down to take a break.
b) They had been trying / have been trying to reach an agreement with the manager of the
software company since this afternoon.
c) John has been supervising / had been supervising factory workers until he was made
redundant.
d) Companies have been using / had been using the Internet to advertise their services.

7. Rewrite the sentences in the passive or active voice.

a) ICT is affecting our working lives.
Our working lives ___________________________________________________________
b) These days many employees are being dismissed.
Employers __________________________________________________________________
c) Mrs Stuart sent me an email cancelling the order.
I ___________________________________________________________________________
d) Emails are used to make information easier.
Most firms __________________________________________________________________
e) Companies can use the Internet to trade anywhere in the world.
The Internet _________________________________________________________________
 PROGRESS TEST

57

8. Rewrite the questions, commands and requests in reported speech.

a) ‘How do you send your invoices?’
The customer asked the secretary ____________________________________________
b) ‘Did you send the last invoice via email?’
The customer asked the secretary ____________________________________________
c) ‘Leave your email and I’ll send the invoice again.’
The secretary asked the customer ____________________________________________
d) ‘Don’t worry! I can take the invoice myself.’
The customer told the secretary ______________________________________________

9. Circle the correct option.

a) I’d rather to telephone / telephone than text message.
b) You are invited to come / come to the opening of the catering business.
c) The manager is expecting me to do / do overtime.
d) Business online allows you to increase / increase your profits.

10. Complete the sentences using the correct form of have something done.
a) Mr Stuart is _________________ (his office/repair) at the moment.
b) I must _________________ (the order/cancel). We still have the product in stock.
c) Where did you ___________ (your personal business cards/make)? They’re so nice.
d) Peter __________ (his pay/increase) by ten percent since the beginning of the year.
e) Yesterday I _________________ (hair/wash and cut) at the hairdresser’s.

ACTIVITY C

You work for a multinational company and have gone on a business trip to London.
Write the dialogue checking in at the hotel.
Write about 80-100 words.

________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
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PROGRESS TEST 9

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INFORMAÇÃO – TESTE 9

A estrutura do teste sintetiza-se no quadro seguinte.

Tipologia Número Cotação

Ativ. Componentes Competências
de itens de itens (em pontos)
A Léxico- Competência linguística ITENS DE 2 20 pontos
semântica: • competência lexical SELEÇÃO
Communication in • competência gramatical • associação/
the professional correspondência
• competência semântica
world • completamento
• competência ortográfica
• transformação
Morfossintática:
Competência pragmática
Relative clauses ITENS DE
• competência funcional
Gerund and CONSTRUÇÃO
infinitive • competência
• resposta curta
sociolinguística
Present perfect • resposta restrita
Present perfect
continuous
B Past perfect Competência linguística 10 100 pontos
continuous • competência lexical
Get/have • competência gramatical
something done • competência semântica
The passive • competência ortográfica
Reported speech
Competência pragmática
• competência discursiva
• competência
funcional/estratégica
• competência
sociolinguística

C Competência linguística ITENS DE 1 80 pontos

• competência lexical CONSTRUÇÃO
• competência gramatical • resposta extensa
• competência semântica
• competência ortográfica

Competência pragmática
• competência discursiva
• competência
funcional/estratégica

Total 200
 PROGRESS TEST

59

ACTIVITY A
1. Write four examples of equipment used in an office.
2. In about 30-40 words, say if you think mobile phones are as useful for outdoor
workers (farmers, fishermen, …) as for students and office workers.

ACTIVITY B
Read the following text.

CELLULAR PHONES ARE INDISPENSABLE

We have just welcomed in the 21st century. This is the

age of high-tech; in all aspects of our lives, we are
confronting new communication devices provided by high
5 technology. People are becoming more and more dependent
on using these devices because they make their lives easier.
Today virtually everybody uses a cellular phone. Now
people are able to carry their phones wherever they go.
10 They are making phone calls, regardless of the time, place
and situation. It is true that technology is making our lives
easier and more practical. For example, today parents like
their children to carry cellular phones so that they can reach them at anytime.
From my point of view, the cellular phone is indispensable for emergency situations and for
15 business. It’s also practical to avoid stress. Unexpected hassles are always cropping up; and
using a cellphone can eliminate the stress they cause. For example, if you are in a traffic jam and
know you will arrive late to work, you can call your boss and inform him of the situation,
overcoming this unexpected hassle. Or, if you have a small car accident, you can call people to
inform them of your situation.
20 The widespread use of this device is amazing. It has become an important part of our
daily lives. Whenever people forget their phones and leave them at home, they feel
uncomfortable or unable to function. Another advantage of having a cellular phone is that
you can connect to the Internet and check your email. In addition, you can access
information such as news or movie theater schedules. Life is now fast and hectic, and this
25
high tech communication device has become indispensable. We need cellphones to keep up
with the fast pace of life and the new demands of life in our ever changing world.
Note: The text is written in American English.
Aylin Hazan from Turkey
[email protected]
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PROGRESS TEST 9

AREA
1. Find evidence in the text for the following.
a) High technology has provided us with new means of communication.
_____________________________________________________________________________
b) We can use our cellphones wherever we go and whenever we want.
____________________________________________________________________________
c) Parents can contact their children when they want or need it.
____________________________________________________________________________
d) Aylin thinks cellphones are useful in various situations.
____________________________________________________________________________
e) People can’t live without their cellphones.
____________________________________________________________________________
f) Cellphones enable you to go online.
____________________________________________________________________________

2. Find in the third paragraph the words that mean the following:
a) essential ___________________________________
b) prevent ___________________________________
c) situations that are annoying because they involve doing something difficult or complicated
_____________________________________________
d) happening, especially unexpectedly _______________________
e) a long line of vehicles on a road that cannot move or that can only move very slowly
________________________________________________________
f) succeeding in dealing with a problem ______________________

3. Write the opposite of these words as they are used in the text.
a) more and more (l. 5) _______________________________________________________
b) easier (l. 6) ________________________________________________________________
c) everybody (l. 7) ____________________________________________________________
d) able (l. 8) __________________________________________________________________
e) more practical (l. 12) ________________________________________________________

4. Complete the sentences according to the information given in the text.

a) As new communication devices make people’s lives easier, they _________________
___________________________________________________________________________
b) A cellphone allows us _______________________________________________________
c) When you are late for work, you ______________________________________________
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5. Give complete answers to these questions.

a) What do you think are the advantages of cellphones?
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
b) What are the disadvantages of this means of communication?
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

6. Make one sentence from two to form defining and non-defining relative clauses.
Omit the pronoun whenever possible.
a) I wanted to see the doctor. He wasn’t on duty.
The doctor __________________________________________________________________
b) They live in a house. Its roof is completely ruined.
_____________________________________________________________________________
c) Aylin’s mother lives in Turkey. She’s got three grandchildren.
_____________________________________________________________________________
d) His friend Paul has just written a best-selling novel. He went to the same school as him.
_____________________________________________________________________________
e) She gave me the letter. I read it immediately.
_____________________________________________________________________________
f) I spoke to Will. He explained the situation.
_____________________________________________________________________________

7. Complete the sentences with the gerund or the infinitive (with or without to).
a) Yesterday Mary meant __________________ (talk) to you, but she didn’t.
b) My parents let me __________________ (go) to the Pizza Hut for lunch.
c) I tend __________________ (be) very careful.
d) Some students put off __________________ (do) their homework.
e) John postponed __________________ (get) dressed for the party.
f) Peter begged __________________ (come) to the meeting.

8. Complete the sentences with the present perfect, present perfect continuous or past
perfect continuous of the verbs given in brackets.
a) __________________ (you/wait) long before the train arrived?
b) It __________________ (rain) hard for several hours and the streets were very wet.
c) When I saw Diana, she told me she ________________ (not work) late in the office that
night.
d) She __________________ (work) on that report since nine o’clock this morning.
e) I __________________ (hear) a lot about you recently.
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PROGRESS

AREA
9. Choose a verb and complete the sentences in a meaningful way, using the most
suitable causative form: get/have something done.

• test • service • cut • do • design

a) We’re having our office __________________.

b) I can’t see very well. I need to have my eyes __________________.
c) My hair is too long. I need __________________.
d) I need some photocopies. Do you know where I can _______________ around here?
e) My car is making a strange noise. I need __________________.

10. Rewrite the sentences as suggested.

a) Today virtually everybody uses a cellular phone.
A cellular phone _____________________________________________________________
b) People are making phone calls and sending emails every day.
Phone calls _________________________________________________________________
c) You can inform your boss of the situation when you are late for work.
Your boss ___________________________________________________________________
d) ‘When are you leaving the office?’
Aylin asked Veronica _________________________________________________________
e) ‘Why don’t we go to the park?’
Aylin suggested _____________________________________________________________
f) ‘Shall I carry your shopping bags, Veronica?’
He offered __________________________________________________________________
g) ‘I won’t come to the party tonight.’
He said _____________________________________________________________________

ACTIVITY C
Aylin has just received an email from a computer company, which is trying to find a
sales representative.
Imagine you are Aylin. Write an email (concise) to the personnel manager in which you:
• thank him for his email of…;
• confirm the reception of the file;
• say you are interested in discussing his proposals.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________