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The document outlines various problems related to oscillatory motion, including calculations for displacement, frequency, period, amplitude, and energy in different scenarios involving springs and masses. It covers topics such as simple harmonic motion (SHM), damped oscillations, and external forces acting on oscillating systems. Each section presents specific parameters and asks for derived quantities, demonstrating the principles of oscillatory motion in physics.

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Hamed Mohamed
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14 views3 pages

Sheet 1

The document outlines various problems related to oscillatory motion, including calculations for displacement, frequency, period, amplitude, and energy in different scenarios involving springs and masses. It covers topics such as simple harmonic motion (SHM), damped oscillations, and external forces acting on oscillating systems. Each section presents specific parameters and asks for derived quantities, demonstrating the principles of oscillatory motion in physics.

Uploaded by

Hamed Mohamed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Oscillatory Motion

Sheet No. (1)


1) The displacement of a particle at 𝑡 = 0.25 𝑠 is given by the expression
𝑥 = (4.0 𝑚) 𝑐𝑜𝑠(3.0 𝜋 𝑡 + 𝜋) where 𝑥 is in meters and 𝑡 is in seconds.
Determine (a) the frequency and period of the motion, (b) the amplitude of
the motion, (c) the phase constant, and (d) the displacement of the particle at
𝑡 = 0.25 𝑠.
2) A 50-g mass is attached to the bottom of a vertical spring and set
vibrating. If the maximum speed of the mass is 15 cm/s and the period is
0.50 s. Find the force constant of the spring, the amplitude of the motion,
and the frequency of oscillation.
3) A particle executes linear SHM with frequency 0.25 Hz about the point
𝑥 = 0. At 𝑡 = 0, it has displacement 𝑥 = 0.37 𝑐𝑚 and zero velocity. For
the motion, determine (a) the period, (b) the angular frequency, (c) the
amplitude, (d) the displacement at time 𝑡, (e) the velocity at time 𝑡, (f) the
maximum speed, (g) the maximum acceleration, (h) the displacement at
𝑡 = 3 𝑠, and (i) the speed at 𝑡 = 3 𝑠.
4) A 0.15-kg toy is undergoing SHM on the end of a horizontal spring with
force constant k = 300 N/m. When the object is 0.012 m from its
equilibrium position, it is observed to have a speed of 0.3 m/s. What are
(a) the total energy of the object at any point of its motion; (b) the
amplitude of the motion; (c) the maximum speed attained by the object
during its motion?

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Oscillatory Motion

5) An oscillator consists of a block attached to a spring (𝑘 = 400 𝑁/𝑚). At


some time 𝑡, the position (measured from the system’s equilibrium
location), velocity, and acceleration of the block are 𝑥 = 0.100 𝑚, 𝑣 =
−13.6 𝑚/𝑠, and 𝑎 = −123 𝑚/𝑠 2 . Calculate (a) the frequency of
oscillation, (b) the mass of the block, (c) the amplitude of the motion, and
(d) the total energy of the oscillator at any point.
6) A 2-kg mass is attached to a spring and placed on a horizontal smooth
surface. A horizontal force of 20 N is required to hold the mass at rest
when it is pulled 0.2 m from its equilibrium position (the origin of the x –
axis). The mass is now released from rest with an initial displacement of
𝑥𝑜 = 0.2 𝑚, and it subsequently undergoes Simple Harmonic
Oscillations. Find: (a) the force constant of the spring, (b) the frequency
of the oscillations, (c) the maximum speed of the mass then tell where the
maximum speed occur? (d) the maximum acceleration of the mass then
tell where the maximum acceleration occur? (e) the total energy of the
oscillating system. When the displacement x equal one – third the
maximum value, find (f) the velocity and (g) the acceleration.
7) A mechanical system in which 𝑚 = 40 g, 𝑏 = 4 N.s/m, and 𝐾 = 400
N/m. The system is set into motion. Calculate: (a) the angular frequency,
the period, and the frequency of the motion, (b) the logarithmic decrement
of damping. If an external force 𝐹 = 800 cos 𝜔𝑓 𝑡 N is applied to this
system, find: (c) the amplitude at resonance, and (d) the resonant
frequency.

37
Oscillatory Motion

8) A damped harmonic oscillator consists of a block 𝑚 = 2 kg, a spring


constant 𝐾 = 10 N/m, and a damping force 𝐹 = −𝑏𝑣. Initially it
oscillates with an amplitude of 25 cm; because of the damping, the
amplitude falls to three – fourths of this initial value in 4 s. (a) what is the
value of damping constant, and (b) how much energy has been lost during
this time?
9) A 2-kg mass attached to a spring is driven by an external force
𝐹 = 3 cos (2𝜋𝑡) N. If the force constant of the spring is 20 N/m,
determine (a) the period, and (b) the amplitude of the motion. Assume
there is no damping.
10) A 400-g mass is attached to a spring of constant K=100 N/m. the damping
constant is given by 𝑏 = 50 gm/s. Determine (a) the period of the motion,
(b) the time required for the amplitude to fall to one – fourth of its initial
value, (c) the number of oscillations made by the mass in the time
calculated in (b), and (d) the time required for the mechanical energy to
fall to one – half of its initial value.

38

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