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2.6 Transformations of Graphs

Course DP IB Maths
Section 2. Functions
Topic 2.6 Transformations of Graphs
Difficulty Medium

Time allowed: 110

Score: /89

Percentage: /100

Page 1 of 19

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Question 1
The point {"language":"en","fontFamily":"Times New Roman","fontSize":"18","autoformat":true} lies on the curve with
equation {"language":"en","fontFamily":"Times New Roman","fontSize":"18","autoformat":true}.
State the coordinates of the image of point
{"language":"en","fontFamily":"Times New Roman","fontSize":"18","autoformat":true} on the curves with the following
equations:
(i)
{"language":"en","fontFamily":"Times New Roman","fontSize":"18","autoformat":true}
(ii)
{"language":"en","fontFamily":"Times New Roman","fontSize":"18","autoformat":true}
(iii)
{"language":"en","fontFamily":"Times New Roman","fontSize":"18","autoformat":true}
(iv)
{"language":"en","fontFamily":"Times New Roman","fontSize":"18","autoformat":true}
[4 marks]

Question 2
The point P ( − 3, − 4) lies on the curve with equation y = f (x ) .

State the coordinates of the image of point P on the curves with the following equations:

(i)
y = f ( − x)
(ii)
y = − f (x )
[2 marks]

Page 2 of 19

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Question 3
The point P (3,2) lies on the curve with equation y = f (x ) .
(i)
On the graph of y = f (x ) + a , where a is a constant, the point P is mapped to the point (3, − 5) . Determine the value of a .
(ii)
On the graph of y = f (x + b ) , where b is a constant, the point P is mapped to the point ( − 1,2) . Determine the value of b .
(iii)
On the graph of y = cf (x ) , where c is a constant, the point P is mapped to the point (3,1) . Determine the value of c .
(iv)
On the graph of y = f (dx ) , where d is a constant, the point P is mapped to the point (1,2) . Determine the value of d .
[4 marks]

Page 3 of 19

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Question 4
The diagram below shows the graph of y = f (x ) . The two marked points A ( − 1,5) and B (3, − 3) lie on the graph.

In separate diagrams, sketch the curves with equation

On each diagram, give the coordinates of the images of points A and B under the given transformation.
[4 marks]

Page 4 of 19

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Question 5a
The diagram below shows the graph of y = f (x ) . The marked point B (4,8) lies on the graph, and the graph meets the origin at
the marked point A .

In separate diagrams, sketch the curves with equation

On each diagram, give the coordinates of the images of points A and B under the given transformation.
[4 marks]

Page 5 of 19

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Question 5b
On the graph of y = a f (x ) the image of one of the two marked points has a y coordinate of 4. Find the value of a .
[2 marks]

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Question 6a
The diagram below shows the graph of y = f (x ) . The graph intersects the coordinate axes at the two marked points A (0,6)
20 10
and B (3,0) . The graph has two asymptotes as shown, with equations y = 3
and x = 3
.

In separate diagrams, sketch the curves with equation

On each diagram, give the coordinates of the images of points A and B under the given transformation, as well as stating
the equations of the transformed asymptotes.
[6 marks]

Page 7 of 19

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Question 6b
The graph of y = f (x + a ) has an asymptote at one of the coordinate axes. Find the value of a .

[2 marks]

Question 7
Describe, in order, a sequence of transformations that maps the graph of y = f (x ) onto the following graphs:
(i)
y = 3f (x + 2) ,
(ii)
y = f ( − x ) − 1.
[3 marks]

Page 8 of 19

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Question 8
Given that f (x ) = 3x 2 − 2x find an expression for g (x ) , where g (x ) is obtained by applying the following sequence of
transformations to f (x ) .
⎛2 ⎞
1. Translation by ⎜⎜⎜ ⎟⎟⎟
⎝0 ⎠
2. Vertical stretch of scale factor 4
⎛ 0 ⎞⎟
3. Translation by ⎜⎜⎜ ⎟⎟
⎝ −3 ⎠
[4 marks]

Question 9a
(i)
Sketch the graph of y = p (x ) , where p (x ) = 3x − 4 .
(ii)
On the same set of axes, sketch the graph of y = p −1 (x ) .
Label the coordinates of the points where each graph crosses the coordinate axes.
[4 marks]

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Question 9b
(i)
Find an expression for p −1 (x ) .
(ii)
1
Find an expression for 9 [p (x ) + 16] .
(iii)
1
What can you deduce about the sequence of transformations given by 9 [p (x ) + 16]?

[4 marks]

Page 10 of 19

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Question 10a
The equation y = f (x ) , where f (x ) = (x − a) 2 , with a > 1 , is shown below.

The points A and B are the points where the graph intercepts the coordinate axes.
Write down, in terms of a , the coordinates of A and B .
[2 marks]

Question 10b
Sketch the graph of y = − f ( − x ) , labelling the images of the points A and B stating their coordinates in terms of a .

[3 marks]

Page 11 of 19

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Question 10c
Write down the value of a such that the point A is three times as far from the origin as the point B .

[1 mark]

Question 11
The function f (x ) is to be transformed by a sequence of functions, in the order detailed below:
1. A horizontal stretch by scale factor 2
2. A reflection in the x -axis
⎛0 ⎞
3. A translation by ⎜⎜⎜ ⎟⎟⎟
⎝2 ⎠
Write down an expression for the combined transformation in terms of f (x ) .
[3 marks]

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Question 12a
The diagram shows the graph of y = f (t ) , where f (t ) = sin 2t , 0° ≤ x ≤ 180°.

(i)
Write down the maximum value of y when y = 3f (t ) .
(ii)
Write down the first value of t for which this maximum occurs.
[2 marks]

Question 12b
(i)
Write down the minimum value of y when y = 5f (t + 30°) .
(ii)
Write down the first value of t for which this minimum occurs.
[2 marks]

Page 13 of 19

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Question 12c
Find, in terms of f (t ) , the combination of transformations that would map the graph of y = f (t ) onto the graph of
y = 2 + sin t , 0° ≤ x ≤ 180°.
[2 marks]

Question 13a
Let f (x ) = 3x 2 + 18x + 27 .

Write down the value of f ( − 3) .

[1 mark]

Question 13b
The function f can be written in the form of f (x ) = a (x − h ) 2 + k .
Find the values of a, h and k .
[3 marks]

Question 13c
⎛0 ⎞
The graph of g is obtained from the graph of f by a reflection in the x -axis followed by a translation by the vector ⎜⎜⎜ ⎟⎟⎟ .
⎝1 ⎠
Find g (x ) , giving your answer in the form of g (x ) = rx 2 + sx + t .
[4 marks]

Page 14 of 19

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Page 15 of 19

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Question 14
The graph of f is shown below. The points A( − 2, 10) and B(4, − 10) lie on the curve.

Sketch the graph of:

Page 16 of 19

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Question 15
Describe a sequence of transformations that map the graph of y = ln x onto the graph of y = 5 + ln ( 2 x + 4) .
1

[4 marks]

Question 16a
The function f is defined by
⎧⎪
⎪⎪ ax + 1 if x ≤ 7,
f (x ) = ⎨⎪⎪ 2
⎪⎩ x − 2x + 1 if x > 7 .

Find the value of a such that the graph of f is continuous at x = 7 .

Page 17 of 19

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Question 16b
⎛ 1 ⎞⎟
The graph of the function g is obtained by translating the graph of f by the vector ⎜⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ , followed by a reflection in the x -
⎝ −1 ⎠
axis.
Find g (x ) .
[4 marks]

Question 17
1 x +1
Let f (x ) = and g (x ) = .
x x −2
Explain fully the transformations of the graph of f to obtain the graph of g .
[5 marks]

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