Visit https://testbankfan.

com to download the full version and

explore more testbank or solution manual

C++ Programming From Problem Analysis to Program

Design 6th Edition Malik Solutions Manual

_____ Click the link below to download _____

https://testbankfan.com/product/c-programming-from-
problem-analysis-to-program-design-6th-edition-malik-
solutions-manual/

Explore and download more testbank at testbankfan.com

Here are some suggested products you might be interested in.
Click the link to download

C++ Programming From Problem Analysis to Program Design

6th Edition Malik Test Bank

https://testbankfan.com/product/c-programming-from-problem-analysis-
to-program-design-6th-edition-malik-test-bank/

C++ Programming From Problem Analysis to Program Design

7th Edition Malik Solutions Manual

https://testbankfan.com/product/c-programming-from-problem-analysis-
to-program-design-7th-edition-malik-solutions-manual/

C++ Programming From Problem Analysis to Program Design

8th Edition Malik Solutions Manual

https://testbankfan.com/product/c-programming-from-problem-analysis-
to-program-design-8th-edition-malik-solutions-manual/

Campbell Essential Biology 6th Edition Simon Test Bank

https://testbankfan.com/product/campbell-essential-biology-6th-
edition-simon-test-bank/
Computing Essentials Intro 2014 24th Edition OLeary
Solutions Manual

https://testbankfan.com/product/computing-essentials-intro-2014-24th-
edition-oleary-solutions-manual/

Introduction to Bankruptcy Law 6th Edition Frey Test Bank

https://testbankfan.com/product/introduction-to-bankruptcy-law-6th-
edition-frey-test-bank/

Framework for Marketing Management Global 6th Edition

Kotler Test Bank

https://testbankfan.com/product/framework-for-marketing-management-
global-6th-edition-kotler-test-bank/

Consumer Behavior 6th Edition Hoyer Solutions Manual

https://testbankfan.com/product/consumer-behavior-6th-edition-hoyer-
solutions-manual/

Moral Issues in Business Australia New Zealand 3rd Edition

Shaw Solutions Manual

https://testbankfan.com/product/moral-issues-in-business-australia-
new-zealand-3rd-edition-shaw-solutions-manual/
Logic of American Politics 8th Edition Kernell Test Bank

https://testbankfan.com/product/logic-of-american-politics-8th-
edition-kernell-test-bank/
C++ Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design, Sixth Edition 9-1

Chapter 9
Records (structs)

At a Glance

Instructor’s Manual Table of Contents

• Overview

• Objectives

• Teaching Tips

• Quick Quizzes

• Class Discussion Topics

• Additional Projects

• Additional Resources

• Key Terms
C++ Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design, Sixth Edition 9-2

Lecture Notes

Overview
In Chapter 9, students will be introduced to a data type that can be heterogeneous. They
will learn how to group together related values that are of differing types using records,
which are also known as structs in C++. First, they will explore how to create
structs, perform operations on structs, and manipulate data using a struct.
Next, they will examine the relationship between structs and functions and learn
how to use structs as arguments to functions. Finally, students will explore ways to
create and use an array of structs in an application.

Objectives
In this chapter, the student will:
• Learn about records (structs)
• Examine various operations on a struct
• Explore ways to manipulate data using a struct
• Learn about the relationship between a struct and functions
• Discover how arrays are used in a struct
• Learn how to create an array of struct items

Teaching Tips
Records (structs)

1. Define the C++ struct data type and describe why it is useful in programming.

Discuss how previous programming examples and projects that used parallel
Teaching
arrays or vectors might be simplified by using a struct to hold related
Tip
information.

2. Examine the syntax of a C++ struct.

3. Using the examples in this section, explain how to define a struct type and then
declare variables of that type.

Accessing struct Members

1. Explain how to access the members of a struct using the C++ member access
operator.
C++ Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design, Sixth Edition 9-3

2. Use the code snippets in this section to illustrate how to assign values to struct
members.

Mention that the struct and class data types both use the member access
operator. Spend a few minutes discussing the history of the struct data type
and how it relates to C++ classes and object-oriented programming. Note that the
struct is a precursor to the class data type. Explain that the struct was
introduced in C to provide the ability to group heterogeneous data members
together and, for the purposes of this chapter, is used in that manner as well.
Teaching However, in C++, a struct has the same ability as a class to group data and
Tip
operations into one data type. In fact, a struct in C++ is interchangeable with
a class, with a couple of exceptions. By default, access to a struct from
outside the struct is public, whereas access to a class from outside the
class is private by default. The importance of this will be discussed later in the
text. Memory management is also handled differently for structs and
classes.

Quick Quiz 1
1. True or False: A struct is typically a homogenous data structure.
Answer: False

2. The components of a struct are called the ____________________ of the struct.

Answer: members

3. A struct statement ends with a(n) ____________________.

Answer: semicolon

4. True or False: A struct is typically defined before the definitions of all the functions
in a program.
Answer: True

Assignment

1. Explain that the values of one struct variable are copied into another struct
variable of the same type using one assignment statement. Note that this is equivalent to
assigning each member variable individually.

Note how memory is handled in assignment operations involving struct

Teaching
variables of the same type; namely, that the values of the members of one
Tip
struct are copied into the member variables of the other struct.
C++ Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design, Sixth Edition 9-4

Comparison (Relational Operators)

1. Emphasize that no relational aggregate operations are allowed on structs. Instead,

comparisons must be made member-wise, similar to an array.

Ask your students why they think assignment operations are permitted on
Teaching
struct types, but not relational operations. Discuss the issue of determining
Tip
how to compare a data type that consists of other varying data types.

Input/Output

1. Note that unlike an array, aggregate input and output operations are not allowed on
structs.

Mention that the stream and the relational operators can be overloaded to provide
Teaching
the proper functionality for a struct type and, in fact, that this is a standard
Tip
technique used by C++ programmers.

struct Variables and Functions

1. Emphasize that a C++ struct may be passed as a parameter by value or by reference,

and it can also be returned from a function.

2. Illustrate parameter passing with structs using the code snippets in this section.

Arrays versus structs

1. Using Table 9-1, discuss the similarities and differences between structs and arrays.

Spend a few minutes comparing the aggregate operations that are allowed on
Teaching structs and arrays. What might account for the differences? Use your previous
Tip exposition on the history of structs and memory management to facilitate this
discussion.

Arrays in structs

1. Explain how to include an array as a member of a struct.

2. Using Figure 9-5, discuss situations in which creating a struct type with an array as a
member might be useful. In particular, discuss its usefulness in applications such as the
sequential search algorithm.
C++ Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design, Sixth Edition 9-5

Ask your students to think of other applications in which using an array as a

member of a struct might be useful. For example, are there applications in
Teaching
which parameter passing might be reduced by using struct members in
Tip
conjunction with arrays? Also, are there other data members that would be useful
to include in the listType struct presented in this section?

3. Discuss situations in which a struct should be passed by reference rather than by

value. Use the sequential search function presented in this section as an example.

structs in Arrays

1. Discuss how structs can be used as array elements to organize and process data
efficiently.

2. Examine the employee record in this section as an example of using an array of

structs. Discuss the code for the struct as well as the array processing code. Use
Figure 9-7 to clarify the code.

Emphasize that using a structured data type, such as a struct or class, as the
Teaching element type of an array is a common technique. Using the vector class as an
Tip example, reiterate that object-oriented languages typically have containers such
as list or array types that in turn store objects of any type.

structs within a struct

1. Discuss how structs can be nested within other structs as a means of organizing
related data.

2. Using the employee record in Figure 9-8, illustrate how to reorganize a large amount of
related information with nested structs.

3. Encourage your students to step through the “Sales Data Analysis” Programming
Example at the end of the chapter to consolidate the concepts discussed in this chapter.
C++ Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design, Sixth Edition 9-6

Quick Quiz 2
1. What types of aggregate operations are allowed on structs?
Answer: assignment

2. Can struct variables be passed as parameters to functions? If so, how?

Answer: struct variables can be passed as parameters either by value or by reference.

3. True or False: A variable of type struct may not contain another struct.
Answer: False

4. True or False: A variable of type struct may contain an array.

Answer: True

Class Discussion Topics

1. With the advent of object-oriented programming, is it ever necessary to use C-type
structs rather than classes? If so, when? What are the advantages or disadvantages of
each approach?

2. Discuss how the object-oriented concept of reusability relates to structs, structs

within arrays, arrays within structs, and structs within structs. Ask students to
think of some applications in which defining these data types for later use would be
beneficial.

Additional Projects
1. In Chapter 8, you were asked to write a program that keeps track of important birthdays.
Modify this program to store one person’s birthday information in a struct data type.
The struct should consist of two other structs: one struct to hold the person’s
first name and last name, and another to hold the date (day, month, and year). Consider
including other information as well, such as a vector of strings with a list of possible
gift ideas.

2. In Chapter 8, you were asked to write a program that listed all the capitals for countries
in a specific region of the world. Modify this program to use an array of structs to
store this information. The struct should include the capital, the country, and the
continent. You might include additional information as well, such as the languages
spoken in each capital.
C++ Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design, Sixth Edition 9-7

Additional Resources
1. Data Structures:
www.cplusplus.com/doc/tutorial/structures.html

2. struct (C++):
http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/64973255.aspx

3. Classes, Structures, and Unions:

http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/4a1hcx0y.aspx

Key Terms
 Member access operator: the dot (.) placed between the struct and the name of one
of its members; used to access members of a struct
 struct: a collection of heterogeneous components in which the components are
accessed by the variable name of the struct, the member access operator, and the
variable name of the component
Discovering Diverse Content Through
Random Scribd Documents
“Butcha,” 326
Butchers, 299
Buttermilk, 171
Buy a horse, 206
grapes for wine-making, 229
Buying horses, 58

C⸺, Major, 3
Cah (Kah), 174
Calico printers, 200
rinsers, 193
Call to the bath, 72
Camel, bite of the, 243
fight, 242
tics, 392
Camels, mode of procuring fighting, 242
Campanile, the, Julfa, 157
Camp out, 348
Captain Burke, 344
Hansard, 343
S⸺, 179
T⸺, R.E., 278
Carapet, Mr., 357
Caravanserai Gulshan, 200
Mokhlis, 182
Carboys, 236
Card-playing, 96
Carpets, Persian, 149;
1883, 150
 all wool, 151
Bath, 152
colours of, 150
fast colours, 149
faults in, 150
“Gelīm,” 152
increase in price of, 153
“Jejīm,” 152
Meshed, 149
mode of laying, 152
“Nammad,” 152
of great value, 151
of Mūrghāb, 151
old, 149
patterns of, 150
quality of, 150
value, 151
why they last, 150
Carvings, Abadeh, 332
Cashmere shawls, 274
Caspian steamer, 211
Cathedral of Julfa, 100
Cats, long-haired, 305
ordinary, 305
Causeways, 198
Cavalry, irregular, 266
Cells of students, 197
Cemetery, Armenian, 162
Chaff beds, 20, 25
Chah Ali Bunder, 275
Chambers, Captain, 127, 176
Character of Armenians, 316
Persians, 314
Char Bagh, 135, 196
Chardūr, 325
Chargāt, the, 322
Charlesiah, 132
Charms, 291
Cheap freehold, a, 206
Cheapness of ice, 240
Cheese, tale of the phantom, 172
Chelinjeh Khan, 223
Chess, 97
Chibouque, 32
Children, dress of, 325
Cholar wine, 229
grape, 232
Cholera, 224
Chuppering, rules of, 259
Chupper khana, interior, 25
a, 386
whip, 22
Church Missionary Establishment, 165
Church Missionary Schools, 144, 163
Church Missionary Society, educational work of, 144
Church of England, 166
Jesuits, 143
Civil suits, 189
Claim to sanctity of Armenians, 73
Classical Persian, 278
Clay biscuits, 334
Cleanliness of Persians, 316
Clemency, royal, 317
Climate, variable, 339
Clothes of Persians, 318
Cocculus indicus, 129
Coffee à la Turca, 6
Coinage, new, 371
Collars, difficulty of washing, 153
College at Ispahan, 196
Teheran, 338
Collins, Sergeant, 293
place of murder of, 351
Colonel Prideaux, 346
Colt, anecdote of a, 103
grey, 239
Comfort of travelling, 55
Common flowers, 172
Complexion of women, 324
Compliments, Persian, 28
Concubines, 326
Confiscation, 155
Constantinople, 5
Conversation with king’s son, 165
Cook, my, tries to take priest’s orders, 139
Cooks, 297
Cook-shops, 298
Coral reef, 342
Cossack regiments, 370
Cost of living, 186
Costume, Persian, 317
of women, 322
Court costume, 50
Courtiers, 199
Cream, mode of obtaining, 171
Credit, 188
Crickets, mole, 216
Crops, 173
Croquet lawn, 167
Crucifixions, 204
Cruelty to horses, 329
to a nun, 140
to Yari, 78
Cruelties to Mirza Naim, 272
Crying off, 188
Cucumber jam, 92
Cuisine, Persian, 296
Curdled milk, 171
Curio buying, 332
Curious accident, 128
ring, 376
Cursing Baab, 155
Curtain in Armenian church, 140
Custom-house, 267
Custom of Shiraz, 379
the Kūrūk, 370
Cut straw, 174
Cyrus, tomb of, 355

D⸺, Mr., 51
Damage to telegraph line, 113
Damascening, 189
Dar, the, 201, 282
Darius, treasure of, 78
Daroga, the, 371
Day in Ispahan, 200
Day of Judgment, picture of the, 161
Debauchee, a, 244
Decorated pond, 50
Decorations, church interior, 160
Dehbeed, 356
tax-man at, 133
Delleh, 69
Demarvend, 373
Dervish and puppets, tale of, 285
at tomb of Hafiz, 278
Dervishes, 42
at Tazzia, 281
garden, 46
hats, 44
horn, 46
 mode of begging, 44
vices, 46
vows, 43
Desht-i-arjeen, 350
Diana, temple of, reputed, 107
Dig for treasure, we, 79
Dilgoosha, 220, 274
Dinner on road, 107
sent away, 245
with a Persian prince, 114
Discipline, 71
Disguise of robbers, 264
Dispensary, my, 200
over the prison, 182
Doctors, 33
Doctors, studies of, 338
Dog-cart, my, 248
Dog, loss of, 129
Dogs, varieties of, 306
Doherty, Mr., 401
Dome, tiled, 196
Donkeys, 365
handsome, 342
Doogh, 171
Doong, 391
Door, substitute for, 394
Doors at Erzeroum, 213
silver, 196
Double snipe, 107
Dozd-gah, 262
Dr. Hoernle, 163
Dr. Odling, 351
Dressel’s, 408
Dresses of honour, 51
Dress of dervishes, 43
Dried bread, 336
fruits, preparing, 169
Drink in Julfa, 141
Drive to Ispahan, 373
Drunkards, Persian, 141
Dubbeh, 188
Ducks, wild, 176
Dunaberg, 407
Dung beetles, 216
Duration of journey, 412
Durbend, 404
Dyah, 326
Dying twice, 203

Early rising, 33, 116

Eating opium, 181
Ecbatana, 80
Economy of trading class, 172
Educated women, 339
Education, 337
of Armenians, 144
Effects of Bastinado, 148
Egglesiah Wang, 138, 157
Embassy, the English, 372
Embroideries, 333
Enamels, 331
English missionaries, 155
Engraving on metal, 332
seal, 184
Enzelli, 210, 402
Episcopal throne, 160
Erivan, 19
Eructation, politeness of, 91
Erzeroum, 212
Esther, tomb of, 75
Etiquette, 28
Evil eye, the, 325
Exaggeration, 315
Execution of a Baabi, 154
of a Prince, 125
of a woman, 275
of women, 122
Executions, 202
Expelled nun, 163
Expenses, our, 187
Eyebrows, painting the, 325
Eyn-ul-Molk, 38
Fair hair at a discount, 324
Faithless women, fate of, 275
Faizabad, 356
Fallen fruit, 311
Fals, 277
Famine, 251 to 255
at Ispahan, 253
at Kūmishah, 254
at Shiraz, 253
grain seized during the, 252
rise in mule-hire during the, 251
Fantails, 94
Fards, use of, 323
Farnooses, 115
Fars, 272
Fast of Ramazan, 284
Fasts, Armenian, 144
Father, the, 314
Fathmeh, 387
Fee, compulsory, of a vizier, 255
Feen, 386
Fellek, 147
Fellow-travellers, Persian, 215
Felt coats, 152, 320
Feramūsh Khana, 124
Ferhad and Shireen, 119
Feridan, 131
Fermenting of wine, 232
Ferns and bush vegetation, 400
Fight amongst robbers, 265
Fighting rams, 308
Figures of (?) Fame, 119
Finn, Mr., 310
Firdūsi, 338
Fire temple, 364
Firewood as a crop, 364
weighing, 25
Fireworks, 377
Firman, Royal, 257
First cousins, 326
fruits, 168
professional, visit, 41
Fish in hot spring, 348
in kanāats, 128
poison, 129
poisoning, 386
Flap-jacks, 335
Flat, the, 405
Flirtations, the Prince’s, 280
Flowers, common, 172
near Caspian, 400
wild, 173
Foods of poor, 336
Forests near Caspian, 400
Forged antiquities, 76
Fortune-tellers, 120
Freehold, my cheap, 206
Frogs, 398
Frozen wine, 58
Fruit, fallen, 311
Fruits, 168
“Furder,” 126
Furniture, black-wood, 345
want of, 123
Fussa, 240, 243
fertility, 247
Governor of, 244
Futteh Ali Shah’s family, 59

G⸺, Colonel, 2
G⸺, Mr., 97
Gambling in Pera, 9
Game, 299
Games, 97
Gardening, 309
Garden-parties, 311
Gardens at Shiraz, 223
Gate of Royal Garden, 198
Gelim, 152
Georgian ladies, 17
Gersteiger Khan, the Baron, 370
Gez, 158, 383
Ghilān shoes, 399
Gholam, a bold, 178
Girls’ school, 165
Goggles, 54
Golden pipes, 112
Goldsmid, Sir F., 56, 157, 417
Goor Khur, 308
Gougas, 127
Governor of Fars, 135
Fussa, 244
Governor’s garden, 199
Grain, extracting, 174
stores, curious, 385
Grape feeding of horses, 103
sugar, 171
Grapes as horse feed, 171
varieties of, 171
Grateful Armenian, 93
Graves, Armenian, 162
Great square of Teheran, 52
Gregor, Saint, 160
Greyhounds, 305
“Grimes,” 344
Guebre-abad, 385
Guebre gardener, 369
Gulf Arabs, 106
Gulhaek, 369
road, 36
Gūlpigon, 127, 132
Gulshan caravanserai, 200
Gūmrūkji, anecdote of a, 237
Gun at sunset, 284
Gunge, a, 77
Guns, blowing from, 202
Gurken, 216
Gymnastics, 98

H⸺, Mr., 128

Habashi, 326
Hadji, 121
Hadjiabad, 354
Hadji Ali Akbar, 229
Baba, 3
Kawam, 272
Khalleel, 109
Mahomed, 381
Saduk Ispahani, 192
Hadji Mirza Kerim, 192
Hafiz, tomb of, 276
Hailstones, large, 391
Hair of women, 323
wearing the, 321
Hajeeb, 392
Hakim-bashi, 201
princes, the, 145
Hamadan, 57, 64
vines at, 311
wine, 57
Hamilton poles, 301
Handicrafts, 189
Hansard, Captain, 343
Harem, the, 39
Hassir, 197
Hats, 223, 320
Headgear, 321
Head-rolling dervish, 43
Health of the staff, 296
Henna, 334
High priest, anecdote of, 290
Highway robbers, 263
Hippocrates, 82
Hissam-es-Sultaneh, 204
Hockey, Sergeant, 127
Hoernle, Dr., 163
Home-life of families, 92
Honesty of Ispahanis, 192
Hornet, death from sting of, 250
Horse-breaking, 352
Horse clothing, 90
feed, 102
market, the, 201
Horses, breeds of, 104
grape feeding on, 103
height of, 100
on grass, 103
price of, 106
Hospitality, strange want of, 267
Hotel at Kasvin, 395
de Byzance, 212
Hot spring, 348
Houssein and Hassan, 279
Khari, 201
Kūli Khan, death of, 262
name of, 281
House-building, 126
House, I buy a, 206
snakes, 307
Huge tent, 280
Hughes, Mr., 127
Hunting party, 84

I am mobbed, 82
I am robbed, 263
Ibrahim, 383
Ice, cheapness of, 246
mode of making, 241
Ices, 240
I commence the cornet, 72
I decorate a house, 206
Idleness of Armenians, 359
I fall among brigands, 259
Illness, 207
of Zil-es-Sultan, 255
Imādieh, 118
Imād-u-Dowlet, 108
looted, 119
Imād-u-Dowlet’s bad son, 124
Imām-i-Juma, 153, 199
Imām Riza, 387
Imāmzādeh Hāshem, 400
Immorality of Armenians, 138
pigeon-flying, 94
Impregnable village, 262
Impromptu entertainment, 312
Indelicate dress of ladies, 40
Indian lottery, 340
Industry of Armenian women, 360
Infants, 325
Inlaid work, 332
Interest, rate of, 76
Interior of house of a grandee, 39
mosque, 97
Intricate carpentry, 39
Intrigues of Shiraz women, 276
Ironing, 333
Iron poles, 301
Irregular cavalry, 266
Irreligion common, 339
Irrigation, artificial, 127
Iskender, 378
Ispahan, 215
 arrival at, 135
Ispahan bridge, 135
cobs, 105
Ispahani, honesty of, 192
Ispahan priests, 197
start for, 127
Istikhara, 277
Istikhbal, 56, 109

J⸺, Colonel, V.C., 217

J⸺, Mr., 387
Jack and Jill, 83
Jade teapot, 201
Jaffir Kūli, 381
Jahn-i-ma Garden, 276
Japanese embassy, 377
Jars of sweets, broken, 258
Jeddah, 342
Jejim carpets, 152
Jesuits, church of, 143
Jewelled belts, 320
wand, 258
Jewellery, 323
Jewish sacrifice, 258
shrines, 75
Jews, 74, 146
at Erzeroum, 213
burial-ground, 293
 oppression of, 146
thrown into tank, 52
treatment of, 377
Jika, the, 322
Johannes, Mr., 144, 163
Jokes of robbers, 267
Journey home, 208, 381
through Turkey, 213
Juba, the, 318
Judicious bishop, 139
Julfa, 135, 137
ancient, 161
cathedral, 157
cemetery, 162
customs, 359
doorways, 142
emigration, 143
nunnery, 139
origin of, 161
priests, 363
quarters, 206
Justice, 146
Persian, 295

Kabobs, 89, 297

Kafsh, 321
Kah, 174
Kah-gil, 369
Kahtam, 332
Kakheite wine, 18
Kalāat, meeting the, 255
my, 258
of Kawam, 258
Kalam-dan, 288
Kalian, 15
Kalians, details as to, 29
Kalifa, Kuchek, 138
Kammer, 142
Kanāats, 127
Kangawar, fish in, 128
temple at, 107
Kanjar, 320
Karabagh, 219
horses, 105
Karageus, 6
Kara Sū, the river, 108
Kashan, 385
Kashish Mardyros, 141
Kasim, wedding of, 282
Kasvin, Syud at, 208
Kawam, 257
Kalāat of, 258
Kawamabad, 355
Kawam-u-Dowlet, 239
Kawam-ul-Molk, 270
Kazerūn, 349
Keesa, the, 334
Kemball, Sir A., 208
Welcome to our website – the ideal destination for book lovers and
knowledge seekers. With a mission to inspire endlessly, we offer a
vast collection of books, ranging from classic literary works to
specialized publications, self-development books, and children's
literature. Each book is a new journey of discovery, expanding
knowledge and enriching the soul of the reade

Our website is not just a platform for buying books, but a bridge
connecting readers to the timeless values of culture and wisdom. With
an elegant, user-friendly interface and an intelligent search system,
we are committed to providing a quick and convenient shopping
experience. Additionally, our special promotions and home delivery
services ensure that you save time and fully enjoy the joy of reading.

Let us accompany you on the journey of exploring knowledge and

personal growth!

testbankfan.com