0.1.

VTU Question Papers

0.1 VTU Question Papers

a k 10 
2020-JULY-6b, For the circuit shown in Figure 1 find
i) i(0+), v(0+), di(0+) dv(0+)
dt , dt , i(∞), v(∞) .
b
i 1H
20 V
1 F
t=0

i 6 4
12 V i2
Figure 4: Example
2H
10 F v
Solution:

Figure 1: Example When switch is at position a and reached steady

state, which is as shown in Figure 5(a).
Solution:
Ri(0− ) = V
When the switch is closed at t = 0+ the capacitor
V 20
acts as short circuit and inductor acts as open circuit i(0− ) = = =2A
which is as shown in Figure 3. R 10
When the switch is at position b, the circuit is as
6 4 shown in Figure 5 (b)
i (0 )

a k 10  10 
12 V
vc (0 )

i 20 V i 1H
20 V
Figure 2: Example 1 F

(a) (b)
i(0+) = 0
Figure 5: Example
v(0+) = 0
Z
di 1
Ri + L + idt = 0 (1)
dt C
di(0+) At t = 0+
= 0
dt + di 1
Z
dv(0+) Ri(0 ) + L (0+) + i(0+ )dt = 0
= 0 dt C
dt
It is given that capacitor is initially uncharged
When the switch is closed at t = ∞ the capacitor 1
Z
acts as open circuit and inductor acts as short circuit i(0+ )dt = vc (0+ )) = 0
C
which is as shown in Figure ??. di
Ri(0+ ) + L (0+ ) = 0
i ( ) 6 4 dt
di
12 V 10 × 2 + 1 (0+) = 0
vc () dt
di +
(0 ) = −20 A/sec
dt
Differentiating equation 1
Figure 3: Example
di d2 i i
R +L 2 + =0
dt dt C
12 Substituting initial conditions
i(∞) = = 2A
6 di d2 i i(0+ )
v(∞) = 12V R (0+ ) + L 2 (0+ ) + = 0
dt dt C
d2 i 2
10 × (−20) + 1 2 (0+ ) + −6
= 0
2020-Aug JAN-2014) For the circuit shown in Figure dt 1 × 10
4 switch K is changed from position a to b at t=0,
steady state condition having been reached before d2 i +
di d2 i (0 ) = 200 − 2 × 106
switching. Find the values of i, dt and dt 2 b at dt2
t = 0+ . = −1.9998 × 106 A/sec2

Dr. Manjunatha P Professor Dept of E&CE, JNN College of Engineering, Shivamogga 1

0.1. VTU Question Papers

di +
Ri(0+ ) + L (0 ) = 0
dt
JULY-2019-CBCS In the circuit shown in Figure 6 di
switch S is changed from position a to b at t = 0. 100 × (1) + L (0+ ) = 0
di d2 i + if R = 100Ω,
dt
Solve for i, dt and dt 2 at t = 0 di
L = 0.1H and C = 0.25µF and V=100 V. Assume L (0+) = −100
dt
that the capacitor is initially uncharged. di −100
(0+) =
a K R dt 0.1
b = −1000 A/sec
i L
V C
Differentiating equation 2

Figure 6: JULY-2019 di d2 i i
R +L 2 + =0
dt dt C
Solution: Substituting initial conditions
When the switch is at position a at t = inductor0− , d2 i + di + i(0+ )
acts as a short circuit which is as shown in Figure 7. L (0 ) = −R (0 ) −
dt2 dt C
a K R d2 i 1
0.1 2 (0+ )+ = −100 × (−1000) −
dt 0.25 × 10−6
i
V L d2 i
0.1 2 (0+ ) = 0.1 × 106 + 4 × 106
dt
d2 i +
Figure 7: JULY-2019 (0 ) = 39 × 106 A/sec2
dt2

JULY-2018-CBCS The switch in the network shown

Ri(0− ) = V in Figure 9 is closed at t = 0. Determine the voltage
V 100 across the capacitor.
i(0− ) = = =1A
R 100
K 10 
Current through inductor cannot change instanta-
neously.
i(0+ ) = i(0− ) = 1 A 10 V 10  2F vc (t )
It is given that capacitor is initially uncharged.

vc (0− ) = 0 = vc (0+ )V Figure 9: 2018-CBCS-Question Paper

Solution:
When the switch is at position b, and at t = 0+ , the
circuit is as shown in Figure 8. Before closing the switch at t = 0− the voltage across
R the capacitor is

i
vc (0− ) = i(0− )R2 (3)
L
C
The switch is closed at t = 0at t = 0+

Figure 8: JULY-2019 vc (0+ ) = i(0+ )10

10
By KVL around the loop vc (0+ ) = × 10
10 + 10
= 5V
Z
di 1
Ri + L + idt = 0 (2)
dt C
JAN-2017-CBCS In the circuit shown in Figure 10
At t = 0+ V=10 v R = 10 Ω L = 1 H and C = 10 µF and
di + d2 i +
vc (0) = 0, find i(0+ ), dt (0 ) and dt2 (0 ).
Z
di 1
Ri(0 ) + L (0 +) +
+
i(0+ )dt = 0
dt C K L
R
It is given that capacitor is initially uncharged
Z V i(t ) C
1
i(0+ )dt = vc (0+ ) = 0
C

Dr. Manjunatha P Professor Dept of E&CE, JNN College of Engineering, Shivamogga 2

0.1. VTU Question Papers

Figure 10: 2017-CBCS-Question Paper When switch is opened and steady state reached
Solution: inductor acts as short circuit which is as shown in
Figure 13 (a)
10  10 
The switch is closed at t = 0+ the inductor acts as
open circuit and capacitor acts as short circuit which
va va
is as shown in Figure 11. At t = 0− , i(0− ) = i(0+ ) = vb vb
0 10  20  10  20 
5V 5V SC
SC
10  10 
R

(a) (b)
V i (0+ )
Figure 13: 2017-CBCS-Question Paper

Figure 11: Example

Va (0− ) − 5 Va (0−) − Vb (0− )
Z + = 0
di 1 10
Ri + L + idt = 10 (4) 20 
dt C 1 1 5
Va (0− ) + =
At t = 0+ 10 20 10
0.5
di + 1
Z Va (0− ) = = 3.333V
Ri(0+ ) + L (0 ) + i(0+ )dt = V 0.15
dt C
Va (0−) 5
di
(0+) =
V iL (0− ) = iL (0+ ) = [0.15] = + = 0.667A
dt L 20 10
= 10A/sec When switch is closed, 10 Ω resistor is connected to
a point va steady state reached inductor acts as short
Differentiating equation 4 circuit which is as shown in Figure 13 (b)

di d2 i i
R +L 2 + =0 (5) va − 5 va − vb va
dt dt C + + = 0
 10 20  10
Substituting initial conditions 1 1 1 vb 5
va (0+ ) + + − =
10 10 20 20 10
di + d2 i i(0+ )
R (0 ) + L 2 (0+ ) + =0 (6) 0.25va (0+ ) − 0.05vb (0+) = 0.5
dt dt C

vb − va vb − 5
d2 i i(0 +) + + iL = 0
L 2 (0+ ) = −10 × 10 − 20 10
dt C −0.05va (0+ ) + 0.15vb (0+) = 0.5 − 0.667A
2
d i 0
1 2 (0+ ) = 100 − −0.05va (0+ ) + 0.15vb (0+) = −0.1667
dt C
d2 i +
(0 ) = −100A/sec2 JAN-2017-NON-CBCS For the circuit shown in
dt2
Figure 14 the switch S is changed from position 1
to 2 at t = 0. The circuit was under steady state
2020-July-5b-CBCS JAN-2017-6b-CBCS In the net- before this action. Determine the value v and i at
+
work shown in Figure 12 a steady state is reached t = 0 and their first and second derivatives.
with the switch K open. At t=0, the switch is S 20 
1
2
v
closed. For the given element values, determine
va (0− ) and va (0+ ) i
50 V 2H 2F
10 Ω

va
vb Figure 14: Example
10 Ω 20 Ω
5V 2H Solution:
10 Ω
When switch was at position 1 at t = 0− , under
Figure 12: 2017-CBCS-Question Paper steady state condition capacitor charges with voltage
of v(0− ) = 50 = v(0+ ) and after that it acts as an
Solution: open circuit which is as shown in Figure 15

Dr. Manjunatha P Professor Dept of E&CE, JNN College of Engineering, Shivamogga 3

0.1. VTU Question Papers

S 20  20  Figure 16: Example

1
2
i vC (0)  50V 2H i (t ) Solution:
50 V 2F
Before connecting to position B switch was at
(a) (b)
position A at t=0- under steady state condition
capacitor charges with voltage of v(0−) = 100 =
Figure 15: Example v(0+) and after that it acts as an open circuit which
At t = 0− , inductor is in open circuit and is as shown in Figure 17(a)
S 1H
capacitor is after fully charging it is also in open
circuit state. That is A SC
B
i vC (0)  100V i (t )
100 V
10  F
− +
i(0 ) = 0 and also i(0 ) = 0 (7)

(a) (b)
When switch is at position 2, and at t = 0+ the
circuit diagram is as shown in Figure 15
Figure 17: Example
Applying KVL for the circuit we have
At t = 0- , inductor is in short circuit and
Z capacitor is after fully charged and it is also in open
di 1 circuit state.
Ri + L + idt = 0
dt C
di i(0−) = 0 and also i(0+) = 0 (9)
Ri + L + vc (t)dt = 0
dt When switch is at position B, and at t=0+ the circuit
diagram is as shown in Figure 15 (b)
At t = 0+ and vc (0+ ) = 50 Applying KVL for the circuit we have

di + Z
Ri(0+ ) + L (0 ) + vc (0+ ) = 0 di
L +
1
idt = 0
dt dt C
di
20 × 0 + 2 (0+ ) + 50 = 0 di
dt L + vc (t)dt = 0
di + −50 dt
(0 ) = = −25
dt 2
At t = 0+ and vc (0+) = 100
Differentiating equation (1)
di
L (0+) + vc (0+) = 0
di d2 i
i dt
R +L 2 + =0 (8)
dt dt C di
1 (0+) + 100 = 0
dt
Substituting initial conditions di
(0+) = −100
di + d2 i i(0+ ) dt
R (0 ) + L 2 (0+ ) + = 0
dt dt C Differentiating equation (1)
d2 i 0
20 × (−25) + 2 2 (0+) + = 0 d2 i i
dt C L 2+ =0 (10)
dt C
d2 i + 500
(0 ) = = 250A/sec2 Substituting initial conditions
dt2 2
d2 i i(0+)
(0+) + = 0
dt2 C
July-2016 For the circuit shown in Figure 16 the
d2 i 0
switch K is changed from position A to B at t=0. 1 2 (0+) + = 0
After having reached steady state in position A. Find dt C
di d2 i d3 i d2 i
i dt , dt2 , and dt 3 at t=0+. (0+) = 0A/sec2
dt2
A 1H d3 i
3
(0+) = 0A/sec2
K dt
B
c =10μF

i
100 V
July-2016-2 For the circuit shown in Figure 18 the
di
switch K is opened at t=0. Find i dt , vc , dv
dt at t=0+.
c

Dr. Manjunatha P Professor Dept of E&CE, JNN College of Engineering, Shivamogga 4

0.1. VTU Question Papers

R=2Ω L=2H
Vk
C=1F K
L=1H
1
C= F
V=4V i K V=2V 2 i R=1Ω

Figure 20: Example

Figure 18: Example
Solution: Before opening switch and at t=0-
Solution: When switch is at position a at t=0-
circuit diagram is as shown in Figure 21 (a)
circuit which is as shown in Figure 19
Vk L=1H
SC
R=2Ω S C OC R=2Ω L=2H C=1F
1
C= F
V=2V i R=1Ω V=2V 2 i R=1Ω
V=4V i V=4V i
(a) (b)

(a) (b)
Figure 21: Example
Figure 19: Example
When switch is at opened, at t=0+ circuit which V = Ri(0−)
is as shown in Figure 19 (a) V 2
i(0−) =
= = 2 A = i(0+)
R 1
V = Ri(0−) (11)
When switch is opened at t=0+ circuit diagram
V 4 is as shown in Figure 21 (b)
i(0−) = = =2A (12)
R 2 Applying KVL
When switch is at opened, at t=0+ circuit which Z
is as shown in Figure 19 (b) 1 di
V = idt + L + Ri (16)
Applying KVL C dt

1
Z
di At t=0+
V = idt + L + Ri (13)
C dt di(0+)
2=0+1× + 1 × i(0+) (17)
At t=0+ dt
di(0+)
2=0+1× + 1 × i(0+) (14)
dt di(0+)
2 = 0+1× + 1 × i(0+)
dt
di
di(0+) (0+) = 2 − 1 × 2 = 0
2 = 0+1× + 1 × i(0+) dt
dt
di Differentiating Equation 16
(0+) = 2 − 1 × 2 = 0
dt
The voltage across capacitor is i d2 i di
0 = +L 2 +R
C dt dt
Z
1
vc (t) = i (15) d2 i1 di i(0+)
C 1 × 2 (0+) = −R (0+) −
dt dt C
2
d i(0+) 2
dvc (t) 1 = −1 × 0 − (0+) = −4 A/sec2
= i dt2 1/2
dt C
dvc (t) 1
(0+) = i(0+) Differentiating Equation 16
dt C
dvc (t) 1
(0+) = 2 = 2V
dt 1 1 di d3 i d2 i
0 = +L 3 +R 2
C dt dt dt
July-2015-6-b For the circuit shown in Figure 20 the 3
d i1 2
d i(0+) 1 d(0+)i
switch K is opened at t = 0 after reaching the steady 1 × 3 (0+) = −R −
dt dt2 C dt
state condition. Determine voltage across switch and d3 i(0+)
its first and second derivatives at t = 0+ . = −1 × (−4) − 0 = 4 A/sec2
d32

Dr. Manjunatha P Professor Dept of E&CE, JNN College of Engineering, Shivamogga 5

0.1. VTU Question Papers

The voltage across capacitor is

Z
di 1
di Ri + L + idt = 0
Vk + L +R×i=2 (18) dt C
dt
di
Ri + L + vc (t)dt = 0
dt
dVk d2 i di
+L 2 +R× = 0 At t = 0+ and vc (0+) = 50
dt dt dt
dvc (t) 1 di
(0+) = (5 − 5) = 0 Ri(0+) + L (0+) + vc (0+) = 0
dt C dt
di
Differentiating equation (1) 20 × 0 + 1 (0+) + 50 = 0
dt
di −50
d2 Vk d3 i d2 i (0+) = = −50 A/sec
+ L + R × =0 (19) dt 1
dt2 dt3 dt2
Differentiating equation (1)

d2 Vk (0+) d3 i(0+) d2 i(0+) di d2 i i

= −L + R × R
+L 2 + =0 (21)
dt2 dt3 dt2 dt dt C
2
d Vk (0+) Substituting initial conditions
= −1 × 4 − 1 × (−4) = 0 V /sec2
dt2 di d2 i i(0+)
R (0+) + L 2 (0+) + = 0
dt dt C
DEC-2015 6-a For the circuit shown in Figure 22 the d2 i 0
switch K is changed from position A to B at t=0, the 20 × (−50) + 1 2 (0+) + = 0
dt C
steady state having been reached before switching. d2 i 1000
di
Calculate i, dt d2 i
, and dt2 at t=0+. 2
(0+) = = 1000A/sec2
dt 1
K 20 
A
B
Q DEC-2015 6b) In the circuit shown in Figure 24 the
i
1H
steady state is reached with switch K is open. The
50 V
1 F switch K is closed at t = 0. Solve for i1 , i2 , didt1 , didt2 at
t = 0+.
Figure 22: Example
K

Solution: 20  10  10 
i1
100 V i2
Before connecting to position 2 switch was at
1 F
position 1 at t=0- under steady state condition 1H
capacitor charges with voltage of v(0−) = 50 =
v(0+) and after that it acts as an open circuit which Figure 24: Example
is as shown in Figure 23 (a)
Solution:
S 20  20 
1 When switch is opened and when steady state is
2
i vC (0)  50V 1H i (t ) reached capacitor acts as open circuit and inductor
50 V
1 F acts as short circuit which is as shown in Figure 25(a).
(b)
20 
(a)
10  10  i1 (0 ) 10  10 
i1 (0 ) i2 (0 )
Figure 23: Example i2 (0 ) 100 V
100 V + 33.3 V
vc (0 ) 3.3 A -
At t = 0- , inductor is in open circuit and
capacitor is after fully charging it is also in open
(a) (b)
circuit state. That is
Figure 25: Example
i(0−) = 0 and also i(0+) = 0 (20)

When switch is at position 2, and at t=0+ the circuit 100

i1 (0−) = = 3.33A
diagram is as shown in Figure 23 (b) 20 + 10
Applying KVL for the circuit we have i2 (0−) = 0

Dr. Manjunatha P Professor Dept of E&CE, JNN College of Engineering, Shivamogga 6

0.1. VTU Question Papers

Voltage across capacitor is voltage across R2 When the switch is at position a, and at t = 0− the
circuit is as shown in Figure ??. When the steady
vc (0−) = i1 (0−) × 10 = 3.33 × 10 = 33.33V state is reached, capacitor is fully charged with a
capacitor voltage vc (0− ) = 40V = vc (0+ ) and current
When switch is closed at t = 0 20 Ω is short circuited. in the circuit i (0− ) = 0 = i (0+ ).
L L
Inductor acts as current source with a value of 3.33
A and capacitor acts as voltage source with a value a S 20 
of 33.33 V which is as shown in Figure 25(b).

100 − 33.33 20 V vc (0- )  20V

i2 (0+) = = 6.667
10
Apply KVL for the inductor branch
Figure 27: 2014-JULY
di1 At t = 0+ the circuit is redrawn and is as shown in
100 = 10i1 + L
dt Figure 28 (a).
At t = 0+
Z
1
i(0+ )dt = vc (0+ ) = 20V
C
di1 (0+ )
10i1 (0+ ) + L = 100
dt 20  20 
di1 (0+ )
1 = 100 − 10 × 3.33 b b
dt 
i (0 ) 20V +- i 1 F
di1 (0+ ) 1H
= 66.7A/sec
dt
(a) (b)
Apply KVL for the capacitor branch.

1
Z Figure 28: 2014-JULY
100 = 10i2 + i2 dt
C At t > 0+
the circuit is redrawn and is as shown in
Figure ?? (b).
At t = 0+ Z
di 1
1
Z Ri + L + idt = 0 (22)
100 = 10i2 (0+) + i2 (0+)dt dt C
C
Z
+ di + 1
Differentiating we get Ri(0 ) + L (0 ) + i(0+ )dt = 0
dt C
di2 (0+) 1 di
0 = 10 + i2 (0+) 20 × 0 + 1 (0+ ) + 20 = 0
dt C dt
di2 (0+) 1 di +
= − i2 (0+) (0 ) = −20A/sec
dt 10 × C dt
1 Differentiating equation 22
= − × 6.667
10 × 1 × 10−6
di d2 i i
= −0.667 × 106 A/sec +L 2 +
R =0
dt dt C
——————— Substituting initial conditions
2014-JULY) In the circuit shown in Figure 26 the di + d2 i i(0+ )
R (0 ) + L 2 (0+ ) + = 0
switch S is changed from position a to b at t = 0, dt dt C
steady state condition having been reached before d2 i 0
di d2 i + 20 × (−20) + 1 2 (0+ ) + = 0
switching. Find the values of i, dt and dt2 at t = 0 . dt C
d2 i +
a S 20  (0 ) = 400A/sec2
dt2
b
20 V 1 F ———————
1H
Q 2012-JULY-6b and 2013-DEC-6a) In the circuit
Figure 26: 2014-JULY shown in Figure 29 the switch K is changed from
position 1 to 2 at t = 0, steady state condition having
di d2 i
Solution: reached before switching. Find i, dt , dt2 at t = 0+ .

Dr. Manjunatha P Professor Dept of E&CE, JNN College of Engineering, Shivamogga 7

0.1. VTU Question Papers

1 K
10 
K
2 100
10 A V 1 μF
i 1H
20 V 20 

Figure 29: 2013-JULY-6a-1 Figure 32: 2013-JULY-6a-1

Solution: Solution:
−
When switch is at position 1 and when steady state The switch is closed at t = 0 . When switch is
is reached inductor acts as short circuit which is as opened at t = 0 and which is as shown in Figure
shown in Figure 30. At t = 0− ??. At t = 0−

20 v(0− ) = 0 = v(0+ )
i(0− ) = = 2A
10

K
1 K 10 A V 100
10  SC

i
20 V Figure 33: 2013-JULY-6a-1
At t ≥ 0+ the circuit is as shown if Figure 34
Figure 30: 2013-JULY-6a-1
K
Current cannot change instantaneously = i(0+ ) 10 A V 100 1 μF
i(0− )= 2A, at t = 0+ the circuit is as shown in
Figure 31
Figure 34: 2013-JULY-6a-1
di
30i + L = 0
dt
di(0+ ) V (t) dV (t)
30i(0+ ) + L = 0 +C = I
dt R dt
di(0+ ) V (0+ ) dV (0+ )
= −30i(0+ ) = −30 × 2 +C = 10
dt R dt
= −60 A/sec dV (0+ ) 10
=
dt 1 × 10−6
Differentiating = 10 × 106 V /sec
d2 i(0+) 30di(0+ ) Differentiating
= −
dt2 dt
= −30 × (−60) 1 dV (t) d2 V (t)
+C = 0
= 1800 A/sec2 R dt dt2
1 dV (0+ ) d2 V (0+ )
+C = 0
R dt dt2
10 
d V (0+ )
2 1 dV (0+ )
= −
2 dt2 RC dt
i 1H 10 × 106
20  = −
100 × 1 × 10−6
= −1 × 1012 V /sec2
Figure 31: 2013-JULY-6a-1
———————
————————- Q 2013-JULY-6c ) In the circuit shown in Figure
Q 2013-DEC-6b) In the circuit shown in Figure 32 35 the switch K is closed at t = 0, all capacitor
d2 v
the switch K is opened at t = 0. Find v, dv
dt , dt2 at voltages and inductor currents are zero. Find
t = 0+ . v1 , v2 , v3 , dv1 dv2 dv3
dt , dt , dt at t = 0+.

Dr. Manjunatha P Professor Dept of E&CE, JNN College of Engineering, Shivamogga 8

0.1. VTU Question Papers

L1 Q 2011-DEC-6b) In the circuit shown in Figure 37 the

K R1 V1 d2 d2
V3 switch K is closed at t = 0. Find i, didt1 , dt12 , didt2 , dt22
R2 at t = 0+ .
V2
C1 K 2 μF 10 
V
C2 C3
L2
i1 10  i2 1H
10 V

Figure 35: 2013-JULY-6c

Figure 37: 2013-JULY-6a-1
Solution:
Solution:
K R1 V1 V3
At t = 0−
R2
V2
vc (0− ) = 0 = v(0+ )
V
C2

i1 (0− ) = i2 (0− ) = i2 (0+ ) = 0

Figure 36: 2013-JULY-6c The switch is closed at t = 0 and at t = 0+ the circuit

When switch K is closed at t = 0 Capacitors is as shown in Figure 37.
C1 , C2 and C3 acts as a short circuit and inductors
L1 and L3 acts as a open circuit. 10
+ i1 (0+ ) = = 1A i2 (0+ ) = 0A
KCL for node V1 and at t = 0 10

V1 − v(t) dV1 V1 − V2
+ C1 + = 0
R1 dt R2 SC 10 
+
V1 − v(0 ) dV1 (0 ) V1 (0 ) − V2 (0+ )
+ +
+ C1 + = 0
R1 dt R2
+
0 − v(0 ) +
dV1 (0 ) 0 − 0 i1 10  i2 OC
+ C1 + = 0 10 V
R1 dt R2

dV1 (0+ ) v(0+ )

= Figure 38: 2013-JULY-6a-1
dt C1 R1
KCL for node V2 and at t = 0+ 2 μF 10 

V2 − V1
Z
dV2 1
+ C2 + (V2 )dt = 0
R2 dt L2 i1 10  i2 1H
dV2 (0+ )
Z 10 V
0 + C2 + L2 (V2 (0+ ))dt = 0
dt
dV2 (0+ ) Figure 39: 2013-JULY-6a-1
= 0
dt
Applying KVL for the loops
KCL for node V3 and at t = 0+
Z
1
Z
dV3 1
(V3 − V1 )dt + C3 + = 0 i1 (t)dt + 10[i1 (t) − i2 (t)] = 10 (23)
L1 dt C
dV3 (0+ )
Z
1
(V3 (0+ ) − V1 (0+ ))dt + C3 + = 0
L1 dt
di2
dV3 (0+ ) 10[i2 (t) − i1 (t)] + 10i2 (t) + 1 =0 (24)
= 0 dt
dt
——————– At t = 0+ the equation 24 becomes

Dr. Manjunatha P Professor Dept of E&CE, JNN College of Engineering, Shivamogga 9

0.1. VTU Question Papers

Figure 40: 2011-JULY-6C1

di2 (0+ ) Solution:
10[i2 (0+ ) − i1 (0+ )] + 10i2 (0+ ) + 1 = 0
dt At t = 0− the switch is closed
di2 (0+ )
10[0 − 1] + 10 × 0 + 1 = 0
dt iL (0− ) = 0
di2 (0+ )
At t = 0+ the switch is open which is as shown in
= 10 A/sec
dt
Figure 41
Differentiating Equation 23
V (0+ ) = 2A × 200 = 400V
i1 di1 di2
+ 10[ − ]=0 (25)
C dt dt
At t = 0+ K
2A V 200
i1 (0+ ) di2 (0+ ) di2 (0+ ) OC
+ 10[ − ]=0
C dt dt

i1 (0+ ) di1 (0+ ) di2 (0+ ) Figure 41: 2011-JULY-6C1

+ 10[ − ] = 0
C dt dt At t ≥ 0+ the s is as shown in Figure 42
1 di1 (0+ )
+ 10[ − 10] = 0
2 × 10−6 dt K
di1 (0+ ) 1 2A V 200 1H
10 = 100 −
dt 2 × 10−6
di1 (0+ )
= −49990 A/sec
dt Figure 42: 2011-JULY-6C1
Differentiating Equation 24
Z
V (t) 1 1
di2 di1 di2 d2 i
2 + V (t)(t)dt = 2 (27)
10 − 10 + 10 +1 2 =0 (26) R LC
dt dt dt dt
Differentiating Equation 27
At t = 0+
1 dV (t) 1
d2 i2 (0+ ) + V (t) = 0
= −10 × 10 + 10 × (−49990) − 10 × 10 R dt L
dt2
d i2 (0+ )
2 At t = 0+
= −500100 A/sec2
dt2 1 dV (0+ ) 1
+ V (0+ ) = 0
Differentiating Equation 25 R dt L
1 di1 d2 i1 d2 i2
+ 10 2 − 10 2 = 0
C dt dt dt 1 dV (0+ ) 1
+ V (0+ ) = 0
At t = 0+ R dt L
1 dV (0+ ) 1
d2 i1 (0+ ) d2 i2 (0+ ) 1 di1 (0+ ) = − V (0+ ) = −400V
10 = 10 − 200 dt L
dt2 dt2 2 × 106 dt dV (0+ ) 1
d i1 (0+ )
2 = − V (0+ ) = −8 × 104 V /sec
= −50010 − 0.5 × 105 (−49990) dt L
dt2
d i1 (0+ )
2
= 2.499 × 109 A/sec2 Differentiating
dt2
Q 2020-JULY-6a, 2011-JULY-6c) Determine 1 d2 v(t) 1 dV (t)
=
dV d2 V +
V, dt , dt2 at t = 0 when the switch K is opened R dt2 L dt
at t = 0 for the circuit shown in Figure 40. At t = 0+
V 1 d2 v(0+ ) 1 dV (0+ )
=
R dt2 L dt
K
2A 200 1H
d2 v(0+ )
= 200 × 8 × 104 = 16 × 104 V /sec2
dt2

Dr. Manjunatha P Professor Dept of E&CE, JNN College of Engineering, Shivamogga 10

0.1. VTU Question Papers

Q Prep-Q1 ) In Figure 47 the switch was closed Q Prep-Q1 ) In Figure 47 the switch was closed
for a long time before it is opened at t=0. Find for a long time before it is opened at t=0. Find
i1 (0− ), i2 (0− ) i1 (0+ )i2 (0+ ). i1 (0− ), i2 (0− ) i1 (0+ )i2 (0+ ).
t0 15 k t0 15 k
15 k i2 i1 15 k i2 i1
9V 15 k 30 mH
9V 15 k 30 mH

Figure 43: Prep-Q1 Figure 45: Prep-Q1

Solution:
Solution:
At t = 0− the switch was closed and the modified
circuit is as shown in Figure 44 Q Prep-Q1 ) In Figure 47 the switch was closed
15 k for a long time before it is opened at t=0. Find
15 k i2 i1 (0− ), i2 (0− ) i1 (0+ )i2 (0+ ).
i1
9V 15 k t0 15 k
15 k i2 i1
Figure 44: Prep-Q1 9V 15 k 30 mH
The impedance of the circuit is
15 × 15
Req = 15 + kΩ Figure 46: Prep-Q1
15 + 15
= 15 + 7.5 = 22.5kΩ Solution:
Total current supplied form the battery is
Q Prep-Q1 ) In Figure 47 the switch was closed
9 9 for a long time before it is opened at t=0. Find
I = = 0.4mA
Req 22.5kΩ i1 (0− ), i2 (0− ) i1 (0+ )i2 (0+ ).

15 t0 15 k
i1 (0− ) = 0.4mA 0.2mA
15 + 15 15 k i2 i1
15
i2 (0− ) = 0.4mA 0.2mA 9V 15 k 30 mH
15 + 15
At t = 0+ the switch is open
i1 (0+ ) = 0.2mA Figure 47: Prep-Q1
i2 (0+ ) = −0.2mA Solution:

Dr. Manjunatha P Professor Dept of E&CE, JNN College of Engineering, Shivamogga 11