LONG ANSWER 10M

UNIT _1
1.A .With the help of a two transistor model of SCR, explain its regenerative action. Also derive the
expression for anode current of SCR in terms of current gains of transistor? (OR) NOV/DEC 2017

B. Explain in detail the series operation of SCR .also discuss the necessity of using static and dynamic
equalizing circuits?

2.A. Using two_transistor analogy,explain different turn on methods of SCR? (OR) DEC 2015 R13?

B . A String of four series connected thyristors is provided with static and dynamic equalizing circuits.
This string has to withstand an off state voltage of 10KV.The static equalizing resistance is 25000Ω and
the dynamic equalizing circuit has Rc =40Ω and C =0.08 µF. The leakage currents for four thyristors are
21mA, 25Ma and 18mA and 16mArespectively .Determine voltage across each SCR in the off state
and the discharge current of each capacitor at the time of turn on?

3. With relevant circuit and equations ,explain the two transistor analogy of a thyristor .Also comment
on their switching characteristics ? (OR) NOV/DEC 2018

B. Mention and explain the various methods of turn of an SCR brief?

4. Explain the different modes of operation of thyristor with the help of its V_I characteristics? (OR)
JUNE 2017

B. Define the following terms with reference to SCR : (i) peak inverse volage . (ii0 voltage safety factor?

5. Discuss the different modes of operation of thyristors with the help of static VI characteristics?
(OR) JUNE 2018

B. Explai the operation of TRIAC with the help of its VI characteristics?

6. mention the important ratings of the thyristors along with their significance? (OR) JUNE 2016

B.Calculate the required parameters for snubber circuit to provide reliable dv /dt protection to a
thyristor used in a single phase fully controlled bridge. Input voltage to bridge is single
phase ,230V,50Hz,A.C and the source inductance is 150µH . The thyristor has a maximum dv/dt capacity
of 50V/µ sec.

7. Explain dynamic switching characteristics of a SCR during turn ON and turn OFF with relevant
waveforms ? (OR) JUNE/JULY 2019

B.Draw and expalian the switching characteristics of an IGBT?

B. With a neat power circuit diagram and waveform ,explain the working of single phase fully
converted rectifier under continuous conduction mode. Also derive the expression for its average
and RMS output voltage . from the average output voltage expression, draw its control
characteristics ?

2.A 3_phase full converter charges a battery from a three phase supply of 230V,50 Hz. The battery
emf is 200V and its internal resistance is 0.5Ω. on account of inductance connected in series with
the battery, charging current is constant at 20A. Compute the firing angle delay and the supply
power factor (OR)

B. The rectifier shown below has pure DC load current of 50A and Vs=220 sin314t and unity
transformer ratio . if it is required to obtain an average output voltage of 70% of the maximum
possible output voltage ,calculate:

A) T he delay angle α
B) The efficiency
C) Ripple factor
D) The peak inverse voltage (PIV) of the thyristor
E) Input displacement factor

3. (a) With relevant circuit and waveforms ,explain the operation signal phase fully controlled
converter with an RLE load? (OR)
B . A 3_phase full converter is fed by 400V, 3-Phase ,50Hz supply . the average and laod current
is 100A and the load is highly inductive .the firing angle α=60®.Find (i) output power .(ii) Average
4 rms currents .(iii) peak current through thyristor .(iv) peak inverse voltage

4.a. what are lines commulated converters ? explain briely?

b. What is half wave converter ?derive the expression for an average DC output voltage of a single phase
half wave converter with R Load
 (OR)

B.A single phase fully controlled bridge rectifier supplies R load .By assuming the constant output
current ,find the following performace factors if the supply voltage is 230V and if the firing angle is π/3
and R=5Ω. (i) average input voltage .(ii) supply RMS current .(iii) supply fundamental current .(iv)
fundamental power facror .(v) input power factor (vi) voltage ripple factor

5(a) Describe the working of three phase semi converter and derive the expressions for average output
voltage and r.m.s output voltage (OR)

b. A single phase full converter has a RL load having L=6.5mH,R=0.5Ω and E=10V . The input voltage is
Vs=120V at (r.m.s)60Hz. Determine : The average thyristor current Ia.(ii) r.m.s thristor current .(iii) The
average output current .

6. (a) explain the operation of three phase six pulse bridge converter feeding a resistive load ,wih neat
waveforms

(b) If the latching current of thyristor in series with a purely inductive load of 0.1H and d.c. voltage
source of 100V is 4mA,determine the minimum width of the firing pulse required to properly turn on the
thyristor (OR)

B.(a) Explain the operation of six pulse bridge converter feeding RLE load ,with neat waveforms.

(b).A 3 pulse coverter operates into an R_L load having an additional dc voltage of 240V . The load
resistance is 1.5Ω and the inductance is large enough to provide ripple free current. The converter has a
firing angle is 135®.Determine the following: (i) the dc load voltage (Ii) the average value of dc current .
(iii)the thyristor peak inverse voltage of thyristor .the converter transformer has a secondary voltage of
220V at 50Hz

7. with relevant circuit and waveforms ,explain the operation of 3_phase half controlled converter?
(OR)

B. A single phase rectifier for 10kw rating is required. Thyristors are of current rating 50A are to be
used.Find the rated voltage of thyristor using a safety factor of 2,if the rectifier is : (i) full wave using
center tapped transformer.(ii) full wave bridge rectifier.assume R_L load.

UNIT_ 3 10M

1. With a neat power circuit diagram ,explain the working of boost regulator .Draw the necessary
waveforms to explain its operation .Derive the expression for its output voltage? (OR)
B. For a step down chopper circuit ,source voltage Vs =220V,Chopping period T=2000µs,on
period Ton =600µs,load circuit parameters : R=1Ω,L=5mH, and E=24V
 (i) Find whether load current is continuous or not
(ii)calculate the value of average output current
(iii)calculate the maximum and minimum values of steady state output current
(iv) calculate the average value of supply current

2. A step down chopper feeding on RL load with input dc voltage of 200V ,with a load of R=5Ω
,L=5mH,Switching frequency of 1KHz and duty ratio of 0.5.calculate (i) maximum and minimum
values of load current .(ii) average value of load current .(iii0 RMS load current .(iv) effective
input resistance as seen by source .(v) RMS chopper ccurrent
(OR)
B. With a neat circuit diagram and necessary waveforms ,describe different modes of operation
of a voltage commutated chopper?

3. what is Buck converter ? with relevant circuit and waveforms, explain the operation of buck
converter with relevant equations? (OR)

B. A dc chopper has an input voltage of 200v and a load of 8Ω resistance. the voltage drops across
thyristor is 2V and the chopper frequency is 800Hz.The duty cycle is 0.4,Find (i) average output voltage
(ii)RMS output voltage.(iii)chopper frequency (iv) input resistance

4. (a) Define the time ratio control in a dc chopper?

(b) A chopper circuit is operating on time ratio control (TRC ) Principle at a frequency of 1 KHz on 220v
d.c . supply. if the load voltage is 180V, calculate the conducting and blocking period of thyristor in each
cycle ? (OR)

B. (a) Define chopper? What are the types of chopper ?what are the applications of chopper?

(b) A chopper operating on TRC constant frequency principle is feeding a dc series motor having an
armature resistance of 0.06 ohm and a field resistance of 0.03.The average circuit is 15A and the chpper
frequency is 500Hz .the back emf of the motor is 100V.Find the periods of conduction and blocking.The
chopper input is 200V.

5 .Discuss the principle of operation of DC_DC step down chopper with suitable waveforms? (OR)

B. (a) Explain the operation of step up chopper with relevant waveforms?

(b)A step- up chopper has an input voltage of 150v. the voltage output needed is 450V. Given that
thyristor has a conducting time 150µs.Calculate the chopping frequency

6. (a) Explain the operation of step down chopper with back emf load

(b) A step down chopper is supplying a resistive load of 10Ω from an ideal d.c source of 220v.when the
chopper switch remains on ,its voltage drop is 2V and the chopper frequency is 1000Hz .If the chopper
duty cycle is maintained at 0.5,calculate (i)the average and rms value of load voltage.(ii) the chopper
frequency (OR)

(a) Draw and explain the operation of stepup chopper circuit?

(b) An ideal single quadrant chopper operating in first quadrant is supplied with power form an ideal
battery source of terminal voltage 220v .The load voltage waveform consists of rectangular pulses of
duration 1m sec in over all chopper time period of 3ms .Calculate the average and rms values of the load
voltage and the voltage ripple factor

7. With relevant circuit and wavefoms , explain the operation of Buck_Boost converter and hence derive
th expression for its output voltage (OR)

B. A chopper is feeding an RL load having R=4ohm,L=6mH,V=200V ,α=0.5 and f=100Hz .Find

(ii)maximum peak to peak load ripple current

(iii)average load current

(iv) RMS load current

(v) Average input current

UNIT_4 10M
1. With a neat power circuit diagram, explain the working of full bridge voltage source inverter.
Draw its output voltage waveform (OR)
B. Draw nearly the power circuit diagram of three phase inverter with star connected
load .Explain the circuit operation in the 180® mode with necessary equivalent circuits.Mark the
ON duration of various switches and draw all the three phase output voltages?

2. Explain the operation of a series inverter with necessary waveforms? (OR)

B. Single phase half bridge inverter has a resistive load of R=3Ω and DC input voltage Edc=50V,
Calculate: (i)RMS output voltage at fundamental frequency

(ii)the output power

(iii) Average and peak current of each thyristor

B. A single phasehalf bridge inverter has a resistive load of 3Ω .The DC input voltage is 30v.Find (i)RMS
value of fundamental component of output voltage.(ii) output power (iii) peak current in each thyristor.
(iv) average current of each thyristor .(v) peak reverse blocking voltage?

4. (a) What do you mean by voltage source and current source inverters? Explain the basic operation of
a single phase voltage source inverter

(b) Explain sinusoidal pulse modulation used for PWM inverters and also write its important features
(OR)

B. What is pulse width modulation ? list the various PWM techniques .How do these differ from each
other?

5. Describe the working of a single phase half bridge inverter.What is its main drawback?Explain how
this drawback is overcome (OR)

B. What are the different PWM techniques employed for inverter? Explain sinusoidal PWM technique
with neat wave forms?

6. (a) Draw the auxillary commulated single phase half bridge inverter circuit?

(b) A Single phase half bridge inverter feeds a resistive load of R= 7.2 Ω.The DC voltage of the inverter
Vs=200V .Determine (i) RMS value of the fundamental component of the voltage at the output.(ii)
output power.(iii) Average and peak currents of the thyristor .(iv) peak inverse voltage.(v) total harmonic
distortion .(vi) distortion factor .(vii) Harmonic factor and distortion factor of lowest oreder harmonic
(OR)

B . (a) Draw the auxillary commulated single phase full bridge inverter circuit?

(b) A single phase full bridge inverter feeds a single phase load comprising a resistance of 10Ω and an
inductance of 50mH,.The inverter is supplied form 250V d.c source.Determine the load current at first 2
intervals .The frequency of the output is 50Hz

7.With relevant circuit and waveforms ,explain the operation basic series inverter with relevant
equations (OR)

B.A 3_Phase bridge inverter is fed from a 400V Battery . The load is star connected and has a resisitance
of 10Ω per phase.Find the RMS load current ,power output, peak current of thyristors, average and rms
current of thyristor .Assume 120® mode of operation.
UNIT_5 10M
1. With neat circuit diagram and waveforms, explain the working of single phase to single phase step
down cycloconverter? (OR)

B. With neat circuit diagram and waveforms , explain the working of single phase AC voltage controller?

2. With neat sketches explain different modes of operation of TRIAC? (OR)

B. Describe the operation of a single phase bridge type cycloconverter with necessary circuit and
waveforms

3. With relevant circuit and waveforms , explain the operation of 3_phase bridge inverter with 180®
(OR)

B. A single phase half wave ac voltage controller has an input voltage of 150V and a load resistive of 8Ω.
The firing angle of thyristor is 60® in each positive half cycle .find (i) Average output voltage . (ii) RMS
output voltage .(iii) power output (iv) input power factor (v) Average input current over one cycle.

4 . (a) Explain the operation of a single phase AC voltage controller with R load and derive all the
necessary equations.

(b)Explain the applications of cycloconverter (OR)

B. (a) Define the term power factor.Derive its expression for single phase voltage controller feeding a
resistive laod.

(b) For a single phase midpoint cyclocnverter ,explain the operation of the circuit when fed to R_load
with the help of circuit diagram and relevant output waveforms for α=30® and f0=Fs/4

5. (a) Explain the operation of single phase ac voltage controller with resistive load.Derive an
expression for its form factor.

(b) Load voltage in a single phase resistive circuit is controlled by symmetrical phase angle triggering of a
pair of inverse parallel connected thyristors. The load circuit resistance is 10Ω , if the supply voltage is
given by v=170 sin (314t) and the firing delay angle of thyristors is equal and maintained at α=π/2,
determine :(i) The rms value of load voltage and load current .

(ii)The input power factor

(iii)The average and the rms current of thyristors. (OR)

B. (a) Draw the general layout and ideal waveforms of cycloconverter.

(b) Draw and explain the principle of operation of bridge configuration of single phase cycloconverter
6. (a) Describe the operation of single phase full wave AC voltage controller feeding RL load with
relevant waveforms.

(b)A single phase AC votage controller has a resistive load of R=10Ω and the input voltage is
Vs=120v,60Hz.T he delay angle of thyristor is 90®.Determine (i) the rms value of output voltage Vo.(ii)
The input power factor .(iii) The average input current. (OR)

B. Explain the operation of single phase bridge configuration of cycloconverter with continuous load
current

7. With relevant circuit and waveforms ,explain the operation of single phase midpoint cycloconverter
with R_LOAD (OR)

B. A single phase full wave ac voltage controller has an input voltage of 230V ,50Hz .It feeds a load
having R=4Ω and L=22mh.The frequency angles are 60® for both thyristors.Find : (i) conduction angle of
thyristor .(ii) RMS output voltage.