USN CS522T4C

Fifth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, Jan/Feb 2025

DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
(MODEL QUESTION PAPER)
Time: 3 hrs. Max. Marks: 100
Note: Answer any FIVE full questions, choosing ONE full question from each module.

Q. No. Questions Marks CL/CO

Module I
1 a. Define DBMS. Discuss the different types of user interfaces provided by the 10 CL2/CO1
DBMS
b. Define Database and list out the implicit properties of Database. Discuss the main 05 CL2/CO1
characteristics of the database approach versus file processing approach
c. Consider the following schema: 05 CL3/CO1
SAILOR (SID, SNAME, RATING, AGE)
BOAT (BID, BNAME, COLOR)
RESERVE (SID, BID, DAY)
Write the SQL Queries for the following:
1. Find the names of sailors who have reserved boat 103.
2. Find the SIDs of sailors with age over 20 who have reserved a RED boat.
OR
2 a. Explain three-schema architecture with a neat diagram. Why do we need mapping 10 CL2/CO1
between schema levels? Briefly summarize the concept of Data Independence
b. Explain the advantages of using the DBMS approach. 05 CL2/CO1
c. Consider the following schema: 05 CL3/CO1
EMPLOYEE (FName, Minit, LName, SSN, Salary, DNum)
DEPARTMENT (DName, DNum, Mgr_Ssn)
PROJECT (Pname, PNum, PLocation, DNum)
WORKSON (ESSN, PNum, Hours)
Write the SQL Queries for the following:
1. Retrieve the names of all employees who do not have supervisors.
2. Retrieve the name of each employee who has a dependent with the same
first name and is the same sex as the employee.
Module II
3 a. Design an ER Model of the COMPANY database by considering appropriate 10 CL3/CO2
Regular entities, Weak entities, 1:1 relation, 1: N relations, M: N relations and
Multivalued attributes. The model may contain Ternary relations also (optional).
Illustrate the steps involved in converting the designed ER model into its
equivalent relational model. (Show the relational model generated at the end of
every step)
b. Explain the concepts of Referential Integrity and Foreign Key constraints with 05 CL2/CO2
appropriate examples
c. Summarize the characteristics of relations. Briefly explain the concept of Values 05 CL2/CO2
and NULLs in the Tuples

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 OR
4 a. Design an ER Model of the UNIVERSITY database by considering appropriate 10 CL3/CO2
Regular entities, Weak entities, 1:1 relation, 1: N relations, M: N relations and
Multivalued attributes. The model may contain Ternary relations also (optional).
Illustrate the steps involved in converting the designed ER model into its
equivalent relational model. (Show the relational model generated at the end of
every step)
b. Explain the concept of Key constraints with appropriate examples 05 CL2/CO2
c. Explain the three basic operations that can change the state of the relations in the 05 CL2/CO2
database using appropriate examples
Module III
5 a. Consider the schema for Company Database: 10 CL3/CO3
EMPLOYEE (Fname, Minit, Lname, Ssn, Bdate, Address, Sex, Salary,
Super_ssn, Dno)
DEPARTMENT (Dname, Dnumber, Mgr_ssn, Mgr_start_date)
DLOCATIONS (Dnumber, Dlocation)
PROJECT (Pname, Pnumber, Plocation, Dnum)
WORKS_ON (Essn, Pno, Hours)
DEPENDENT (Essn, Dependent name, Sex, Bdate, Relationship)
Write SQL queries to
1. Retrieve the names of employees who have no dependents
2. Retrieve a list of employees and the projects they are working on, ordered
by department and, within each department, ordered alphabetically by last
name, then first name.
3. For all the employees of department “Research”, working on the project
“ProductX”, give a raise of 28% to the existing salary and retrieve all the
employees, whose new salary (after raise) is between Rs. 35,000 and Rs.
60,000
4. For every Project located in ‘Stafford’, list the project number, the
controlling department number and the department manager’s name and
birth date.
5. Write a trigger to check the salary of the employee and ensure that it shall
never be greater than the salary of the manager of the department. If the
salary is greater, then invoke a stored procedure to handle it.
b. Consider the following schema: 05 CL3/CO3
SAILOR (SID, SNAME, RATING, AGE)
BOAT (BID, BNAME, COLOR)
RESERVE (SID, BID, DAY)
Write the relational algebra expression for the following:
1. Find the names of the sailors who have reserved all boats
2. Find the names of the sailors who have reserved at least one boat
3. Find the name of sailors who have reserved Red Boat
c. Explain the schema change statements in SQL with examples. 05 CL2/CO3

OR

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6 a. Consider the following schema: 10 CL3/CO3
SAILOR (SID, SNAME, RATING, AGE)
BOAT (BID, BNAME, COLOR)
RESERVE (SID, BID, DAY)
Write the relational algebra expression for the following:
1. Find the colors of boats reserved by Lubber.
2. Find the names of sailors who have reserved a red or a green boat.
3. Find the names of sailors who have reserved all boats called Interlake
4. Find the SIDs of sailors with age over 20 who have not reserved a Red
boat
5. Find the names of sailors who have reserved a red and a green boat.
b. Consider the schema for Company Database: 05 CL3/CO3
EMPLOYEE (Fname, Minit, Lname, Ssn, Bdate, Address, Sex, Salary,
Super_ssn, Dno)
DEPARTMENT (Dname, Dnumber, Mgr_ssn, Mgr_start_date)
DLOCATIONS (Dnumber, Dlocation)
PROJECT (Pname, Pnumber, Plocation, Dnum)
WORKS_ON (Essn, Pno, Hours)
DEPENDENT (Essn, Dependent name, Sex, Bdate, Relationship)
Write SQL queries to
1. For each department that has more than five employees, retrieve the
department number and the number of its employees who are making more
than Rs. 40,000.
2. For each project on which more than two employees work, retrieve the
project number, the project name, and the number of employees who work
on the project.
c. Explain how to create and drop views in SQL with example. Discuss the problems 05 CL2/CO3
associated with updating views?

Module IV
7 a. Write an algorithm to find minimal cover for a set of functional dependencies and 10 CL3/CO4
apply the same for finding the minimal cover for the given set of dependencies:
F: B -> A
D -> A
AB -> D
b. Explain the 2NF and 3NF with suitable examples. 05 CL2/CO4
c. Explain the informal design guidelines for relational schema design with 5 CL2/CO4
appropriate examples
OR
8 a. Write an algorithm for Testing for Nonadditive Join Property. Consider the 10 CL3/CO4
universal relation R = {A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J} and the set of functional
dependencies: F = {AB - > C, A -> DE, B -> F, F -> GH, D -> IJ}. Determine
whether each decomposition has the lossless join property with respect to F. D1 =
{R1, R2, R3}; R1 = {A, B, C, D, E}; R2 = {B, F, G, H}; R3= {D, I, J}.

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 b. What is the need of normalization? Discuss the 1NF and BCNF with suitable 05 CL2/CO4
examples.
c. Define Functional Dependency. Test the equivalence for the following set of 05 CL2/CO4
functional dependencies: F = {A -> C, AC -> D, E -> AD, E -> H} and G = {A ->
CD, E -> AH}
Module V
9 a. Why is concurrency control needed? Illustrate the types of problems that may 10 CL3/CO5
occur when two simple transactions run concurrently?
b. Explain the working of the Two-Phase Locking Techniques for concurrency 10 CL2/CO5
control with the help of appropriate examples. Explain different variations of the
Two-Phase Locking technique.
OR
10 a. Consider the three transactions T1, T2 and T3 and the schedules S1 and S2 10 CL3/CO5
given below. Draw the serializability (precedence) graphs for S1 and S2 and
state whether each schedule is serializable or not.
T1: r1(X); r1(Z); w1(X);
T2: r2(Z); r2(Y); w2(Z); w2(Y);
T3: r3(X); r3(Y); w3(Y);
S1: r1(X); r2(Z); r1(Z); r3(X); r3(Y); w1(X); w3(Y); r2(Y); w2(Z); w2(Y);
S2: r1(X); r2(Z); r3(X); r1(Z); r2(Y); r3(Y); w1(X); w2(Z); w3(Y); w2(Y) ;
b. Explain the following: 10 CL2/CO5
1. ACID properties of the Transaction
2. Dirty Read Problem and Lost Update Problem

Cognitive Levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy

No. CL1 CL2 CL3 CL4 CL5 CL6
Level Remember Understand Apply Analyze Evaluate Create

Course Outcomes
Discuss the fundamental concepts of database technology and illustrate the fundamental concepts of
CO1 CL3
Structured Query Language (SQL) for database manipulation.
Make use of Entity Relationship (ER) model to illustrate conceptual database design and describe
CO2 CL3
the basic principles of relational model.
CO3 Examine the concepts of relational algebra and advanced SQL in database application development. CL3
Apply the functional dependency to measure the appropriateness of attribute groupings into relation
CO4 CL3
schemas and discuss the process of normalization with its algorithms.
Identify the basic concepts and theory needed for transaction processing, concurrency control in
CO5 CL3
database applications. Describe the NOSQL database with its categories.

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