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01 - JKD - Introduction To DIP

The Digital Image Processing course (CSE 314) aims to teach fundamental concepts, basic operations, and current applications of digital image processing techniques. The syllabus includes modules on image enhancement, restoration, segmentation, color processing, and compression, with assessments based on mid-term exams, assignments, and practicals. The course uses 'Digital Image Processing' by Gonzalez and Woods as the primary textbook, supplemented by various reference materials.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

16 views40 pages

01 - JKD - Introduction To DIP

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tarunvaka6767

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Digital Image Processing

Course Code: CSE 314

Dr. Jatindra Kumar Dash

(Jatin)
[email protected]
Cabin No: 34, Level 2, Admin Block

1
“One picture is worth more than ten
thousand words”
Anonymous

Jatindra Kumar Dash, SRM University - AP,

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Andhra Pradesh
Objective of this course
• To learn fundamental concept of Digital Image
Processing
• To study basic image processing operations
• To understand image analysis algorithms
• Expose the student to the current applications
of digital image processing techniques.
• To help the students working on image
processing as a topic for major project.
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Text Book

“Digital Image Processing”, Rafael C.

Gonzalez & Richard E. Woods,
Pearson Prentice Hall, 3rd edition.

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Reference Books
1. S.Sridhar, Digital Image Processing, Oxford
University Press, 2011
2. Milan Sonka, Vaclav Hlavac and Roger
Boyele,Image processing, analysis, and
machine vision. 3e, Cengage Learning, 2014.
3. Computer Vision A modern approach, David A.
Forsyth and Jeam Ponce, Pearson Education

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Marks Distribution

Assessment Conducting Converting Final

Internal
Tool Marks Marks Conversion
Mid-term-I 25 10
Theory Mid-term-II 25 10 30
Assignment 10 10
Lab
Practical 20 20 20
Performance
Total 50

Conducting Final
Final Assessment tool
Marks Conversion
End semester theory
Final exam 100 30
exam
End semester Practical Final Practical/Term
100 20
exam Project
Total 50
6
Syllabus
Module - I
Introduction
• Digital Image fundamentals:
• Image sampling and quantization
• relationship between pixels
Image Enhancement
– Spatial Domain Techniques
• Intensity transformations and spatial filtering
• Histogram processing: Equalisation, Specifiation
• Spatial filters for smoothing and sharpening
(Chapt:1, 2 & 3 of Text book 1)

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Module - II
-Frequency Domain Techniques
• Basic filtering in the frequency domain,
• Image smoothing and sharpening
(Chapt: 4 of Text book 1)

Image Restoration and Reconstruction:

• Image restoration/degradation model
• Noise models
• Restoration in the presence of noise only
• Estimating the degradation function
(Chapt: 5 of Text Book 1)
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Module - III

- Image segmentation
What is segmentation
Point and line detection
Basic edge detection techniques,
Thresholding:
basic global threholding,
optimal thresholding using Otsu’s method,
multi-spectral thresholding,
Region based segmentation, region growing,
region splitting and merging.
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Module - IV
Color Image Processing:
• Color models
• Color transformation (Chapt: 6 of Text book 1)

Wavelets and Multi-resolution Processing:

• multiresolution expansions
• wavelet transforms in one and two dimension
(Chapt: 7 of Text book 1)

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Module - V
Image Compression:
• Fundamentals
• Some basic compression methods (Chapt: 8 of
Text book 1)

Morphological Image Processing:

• Erosion and Dilation,
• opening and closing (Chapt: 9 of Text book 1)

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Module - V
• Image Representation: Shape features
(Region-based representation and
descriptors), area, Euler’s number,
eccentricity, elongatedness, rectangularity,
direction, compactness, moments, covex hull,
texture features, color features.
• Object and Pattern Recognition: Pattern and
pattern classes, Matching, minimum distance
or nearest neighbor classifier, matching by
correlation, Optimum statistical classifier,
Neural network classifier.
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Introduction
This lecture will cover:
– What is a digital image?
– What is digital image processing?
– Applications of digital image processing
– Steps involved in digital image processing

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What is a Digital Image?
A digital image is a representation of a two-
Images taken from Gonzalez & Woods, Digital Image Processing (2002)

dimensional image as a finite set of digital

values, called picture elements or pixels

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What is a Digital Image? (cont…)
Pixel values typically represent gray levels,
Images taken from Gonzalez & Woods, Digital Image Processing ((2002)

colours, heights, opacities etc

Remember digitization implies that a digital
image is an approximation of a real scene
1 pixel

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What is a Digital Image? (cont…)
Common image formats include:
– 1 sample per point (B&W or Grayscale)
– 3 samples per point (Red, Green, and Blue)

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What is Digital Image Processing?
Digital image processing focuses on two major
tasks
– Improvement of pictorial information for human
interpretation
– Processing of image data for storage, transmission
and representation for autonomous machine
perception

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Application of DIP
Today: The use of digital image processing
techniques has exploded and they are now used
for all kinds of tasks in all kinds of areas
– Image enhancement/restoration
– Artistic effects
– Medical visualisation
– Industrial inspection
– Law enforcement
– Human computer interfaces

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Examples: Image Enhancement
One of the most common uses of DIP
Images taken from Gonzalez & Woods, Digital Image Processing ((2002)

techniques: improve quality, remove noise etc

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Examples: The Hubble Telescope
Launched in 1990 the Hubble
telescope can take images of
very distant objects
However, an incorrect mirror
made many of Hubble’s
images useless
Image processing
techniques were
used to fix this

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Examples: Artistic Effects
Artistic effects are
used to make images
more visually
appealing, to add
special effects and to
make composite
images

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Examples: Medicine
Take slice from MRI scan of canine heart, and
Images taken from Gonzalez & Woods, Digital Image Processing (2002)

find boundaries between types of tissue

– Image with gray levels representing tissue density
– Use a suitable filter to highlight edges

1/31/2020Original MRI Image of a Jatindra

Dog HeartKumar Dash, SRM University -
AP, Andhra Pradesh Edge Detection Image 22
Examples: GIS
Geographic Information Systems
Images taken from Gonzalez & Woods, Digital Image Processing (2002)

– Digital image processing techniques are used

extensively to manipulate satellite imagery
– Terrain classification
– Meteorology (Predicting the weather)

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Examples: GIS (cont…)
Night-Time Lights of the
Images taken from Gonzalez & Woods, Digital Image Processing (2002)

World data set

– Global inventory of
human settlement
– Not hard to imagine
the kind of analysis
that might be done
using this data

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Examples: Industrial Inspection
• Human operators are
Images taken from Gonzalez & Woods, Digital Image Processing (2002)

expensive, slow and

unreliable
• Make machines do the
job instead
• Industrial vision systems
are used in all kinds of
industries
Can we trust them?
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Examples: PCB Inspection
Printed Circuit Board (PCB) inspection
– Machine inspection is used to determine that all
components are present and that all solder joints
are acceptable
– Both conventional imaging and x-ray imaging are
used

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Examples: Law Enforcement
Image processing
Images taken from Gonzalez & Woods, Digital Image Processing ((2002)

techniques are used

extensively by law
enforcers
– Number plate
recognition for speed
cameras/automated toll
systems
– Fingerprint recognition
– Enhancement of CCTV
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Examples: HCI
Try to make human computer
interfaces more natural
– Face recognition
– Gesture recognition