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L9 Trigonometric Functions

The document provides an overview of the differentiation of trigonometric functions, including objectives, types of transcendental functions, and key differentiation formulas for sine, cosine, tangent, cotangent, secant, and cosecant. It also includes examples and exercises for finding derivatives of various trigonometric functions. The document emphasizes the application of trigonometric identities and differentiation techniques in solving related problems.

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Elaisa Joyce Garcia
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14 views14 pages

L9 Trigonometric Functions

The document provides an overview of the differentiation of trigonometric functions, including objectives, types of transcendental functions, and key differentiation formulas for sine, cosine, tangent, cotangent, secant, and cosecant. It also includes examples and exercises for finding derivatives of various trigonometric functions. The document emphasizes the application of trigonometric identities and differentiation techniques in solving related problems.

Uploaded by

Elaisa Joyce Garcia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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06/11/2024

DIFFERENTIATION OF
TRIGONOMETRIC
FUNCTIONS

OBJECTIVES:
• differentiate functions involving trigonometric
functions;
• solve problems involving differentiation of
trigonometric functions; and
• apply trigonometric identities to simplify the
functions.

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06/11/2024

TRANSCENDENTAL FUNCTIONS
Kinds of transcendental functions:
1. logarithmic and exponential functions
2. trigonometric and inverse trigonometric
functions
3. hyperbolic and inverse hyperbolic functions
Note:
Each pair of functions above is an inverse to
each other.

The TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS


.
Re call :
Trigonometric Identities
A. Re ciprocal Identities C . Double Angle Formulas
1 1 1. sin 2 x  2sinxcosx
1. sin x   csc x 
csc x sin x 2. cos 2 x  cos 2 x  sin 2 x
1 1
2. cos x   sec x   1  2 sin 2 x
sec x cos x
sin x 1  2 cos 2 x  1
3. tan x  
cos x cot x 2 tan x
3. tan 2 x 
cos x 1 1  tan 2 x
4. cot x  
sin x tan x
B . Sum and Difference of Two Angles D . Squared Identities
1. sin x  y   sin x cos y  cos x sin y 1. sin 2 x  cos 2 x  1
2. cos x  y   cos x cos y  sin x sin y 2. 1  tan 2 x  sec 2 x
tan x  tan y 3. 1  cot 2 x  csc 2 x
3. tan x  y  
1  tan x tan y

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06/11/2024

DIFFERENTIATION FORMULA
Derivative of Trigonometric Function
For the differentiation formulas of the trigonometric
functions, all you need to know is the differentiation
formulas of sin u and cos u. Using these formulas
and the differentiation formulas of the algebraic
functions, the differentiation formulas of the
remaining functions, that is, tan u, cot u, sec u and
csc u may be obtained.
Derivative of sin u where u  f x 
d
sin u   cos u du
dx dx
Derivative of cos u where u  f x 
d
cos u    sin u du
dx dx

Derivative of tan u where u  f x 


d
tan x   d  sin x 
dx dx  cos x 
U sin g derivative of quotient,

d
cosx  d sin x   sinx  d cos x 
tan x   dx dx
dx cosx 2

cosxcosx   sinx  sin x 
cos 2 x
cos 2 x  sin 2 x 1
 
cos 2 x cos 2 x
d
tan x   sec 2 x
dx

d
Therefore tan u   sec 2u du
dx dx

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06/11/2024

Derivative of cot u where u  f x 


d
cot x   d  1 
dx dx  tan x 

U sin g derivative of quotient,


d
0  1 tan x  0  1 sec 2 x
d
tan x   dx 
dx tanx 2 tanx 2
1

 sec 2 x 2 1
 2
 cos2 x   csc 2 x
tan x sin x sin 2 x
cos 2 x
d
cot x   - csc 2 x
dx

d
Therefore cot u   - csc 2u du
dx dx

Derivative of sec u where u  f x 


d
sec x   d  1 
dx dx  cos x 

U sin g derivative of quotient,


d
0  1 cos x 
d 0  1 sin x 
tan x   dx 
dx cosx 2
cosx 2
 sin x sin x 1
    tan x sec x
cos 2 x cos x cos x

d
sec x   tan x sec x
dx

d
Therefore sec u   tan u sec u du
dx dx

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06/11/2024

Derivative of csc u where u  f x 


d
csc x   d  1 
dx dx  sin x 

U sin g derivative of quotient,


d
0  1 sin x 
d 0  1cos x 
csc x   dx 
dx sin x 2
sin x 2
 cos x  cos x 1
     cot x csc x
sin 2 x sin x sin x

d
csc x    cot x csc x
dx

d
Therefore csc u   - cot u csc u du
dx dx

SUMMARY:
If u is a differentiable function of x, then the
following are differentiation formulas of the
trigonometric functions

d
sin u   cos u du d
cot u    csc 2 u du
dx dx dx dx
d
d
cos u    sin u du sec u   tan u sec u du
dx dx dx dx
d
tan u   sec 2 u du d
csc u    cot u csc u du
dx dx dx dx

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06/11/2024

A. Find the derivative of each of the following


functions and simplify the result:
1. f x   2 sin 3 x 
3. h x   cos 2 1  3 x 2 

2. g  x   e sin x

A. Find the derivative of each of the following


functions and simplify the result:
1. f x   2 sin 3 x 
3. h x   cos 2 1  3 x 2 
f ' x   2cos 3 x 3   
h x   cos 1  3 x 2  2

 6 cos 3 x h'  x   2cos 1  3 x  sin 1  3 x  6 x 


2 2

 6 x2 cos1  3 x sin 1  3 x 


2 2

2. g  x   e sin x
from sin 2x  2sinxcosx

g'  x   e sin x d
sin x 
h'  x   6 x sin 2 1  3 x 2 
dx
1
 e sin x
 cos x 
2 x
e sin x
 cos x x x e sin x
 cos x
g'  x    
2 x x 2x

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06/11/2024

4. y  3 sin 4 x 3 cos 4 x 3

4. y  3 sin 4 x 3 cos 4 x 3

      
y'  3 sin 4 x 3  sin 4 x 3 12 x 2  cos 4 x 3 cos 4 x 3 12 x 2 
from cos 2x  cos 2 x  sin2 x

  
y'  36 x 2 cos 2 4 x 3

y'  36 x 2 cos 8 x 3

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06/11/2024

x
5. f  x   2 tan x
2

x
5. f  x   2 tan x
2
 x  1 
f '  x   2 sec 2    1
 2  2 

x
f ' x   sec 2 1
2

x
f '  x   tan 2
2

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06/11/2024

7. y  sec 2 x 
cos 2 x

7. y  sec 2 x 
cos 2 x

Apply ln on both sides


ln y  lnsec 2 x 
cos 2 x

ln y  cos 2 x lnsec 2 x 
By logarithmic differentiation
 1
1
 y'  cos 2 x  sec 2 x tan 2 x 2   lnsec 2 x  sin 2 x2 
y  sec 2 x 
1  2 sin 2 x 
 y'  cos 2 x    2 sin 2 x ln sec 2 x
y  cos 2 x 
 2 sin 2 x 1  ln sec 2 x 

y'  2 sin 2 x 1  ln sec 2 x y

y'  2 sin 2 x 1  ln sec 2 x sec 2 x 


cos 2 x

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06/11/2024

2 cot x
8. h x  
1  cot 2 x

2 cot x
8. h x  
1  cot 2 x

h'  x  
1  cot x 2 csc x1 2 cot x 2 cot x  csc x 1
2 2 2

1  cot x  2 2

2 cot x  1  cot x
2
2 csc x
h' x   2 2

1  cot x  2 2

cot x  1
2
2 csc x
 2

csc x 
2 2

2cot x  1  cos x 
 2 sin x 
2 2
h' x   2
 1 2
 sin x
2 
csc x  
 cos 2 x  sin 2 x 

h' x   2 sin 2 x  
sin 2 x

 

h'  x   2 cos 2 x

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06/11/2024

9. F  x   csc x 3  1 


9. F  x   csc x 3  1 

F'  x  
 cscx 3
  
 1 cot x 3  1 3 x 2
2 cscx  1
3

F' x   
3 x 2
  
csc x 3  1 cot x 3  1   
csc x 3  1

2 csc x 3  1 
 3 

F' x    x 2 cot x 3  1  csc x 3  1   
 2 

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06/11/2024

12
06/11/2024

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06/11/2024

Problem Set 5:
A. Find the derivative and simplify the result.
1. h x   ln sin 5  6. F x   sin x 
4 x3 tan x

2. f x   3 cos ln x 2  7. y  tanx  y 

sin 4 x cot 2 2 x
3. g  x   8. F  x  
2  cos 4 x 1  x2
4. F  x   2 cos x sin 2 x  2 sin 4 x cos 2 x 9. cot xy  xy  0
sin 3
5. y  10. sec 2 x  csc 2 y 0
1  3 cos x

B. SOLVE THE FOLLOWING PROBLEMS:


11. Using the A-definition, calculate d/ dx (sin x)

12. Derive the formula d/ dx (tan x) = sec^2 (x)

13. Find an equation of the normal line to the curve y = 3 sec2 x at the point
(π/6,4)

14. Find an equation of the tangent line to the curve y = tan2 x at the point
(π/3,3)

15. At what values of x does the graph of y = sec x have a horizontal tangent?

14

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