Original Cards

in This Pack
● Animate a Name Coding Cards
● Imagine a World Coding Cards
● Chase Game Coding Cards
● Make Music Coding Cards (see new Sound
and Music Cards for more)
● Animate a Character Coding Cards
● Create a Story Coding Cards
● Pong Game Coding Cards
● Let’s Dance Coding Cards
● Jumping Game Coding Cards
● Virtual Pet Coding Cards
● Catch Game Coding Cards
● Video Sensing Coding Cards
● Make It Fly Coding Cards
● micro:bit Coding Cardsards

Coding Cards scratch.mit.edu

New Cards in This Pack
● Sprite Creation Cards
● Sound and Music Cards
● Conditional Statements Coding Cards
● Variables and Lists Coding Cards
● My Blocks Coding Cards

● Makey Makey Coding Cards

● Bring Yourself In Lesson Coding Cards

● Paper Planes, Turtle Graphics, and
Computational Concepts Lesson Coding
Cards
● Scratch Lab Face Sensing Lesson Coding
Cards

Coding Cards scratch.mit.edu

 Specialized Cards
in This Pack
● Build the Change Coding Cards
● Designing for Creative Learning Prototype
to Scratch Cards
● Hour of Code 2024 with Scratch: Invention
Station Coding Cards
● Hour of Code 2024 with Scratch: Spreading
Kindness Coding Cards

Note: This digital card set differs from the physical card set you
can purchase, which only includes the original cards minus
“Make It Fly” and “micro:bit.” This digital card set includes newer
cards.

Coding Cards scratch.mit.edu

 Animate a Name
Cards

Animate the letters of your name,

initials, or favorite word.

scratch.mit.edu 1 Set of 7 cards

 Animate a Name
Cards
Try these cards in any order:

• Color Clicker
• Spin
• Play a Sound
• Dancing Letter
• Change Size
• Press a Key
• Glide Around

scratch.mit.edu 2 Set of 7 cards

 Color Clicker
Make a letter change color when you click it.

Animate a Name 1
3
Color Clicker
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a letter Choose a Boardwalk

from the Sprite backdrop.
Library.

To see just the letter sprites, click the Letters

category at the top of the Sprite Library.

ADD THIS CODE

Try different numbers.

TRY

Click your letter.

 Spin

Make a letter turn when you click it.

Animate a Name 2
Spin
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Go to the Sprite Click the Letters

Library. category. Choose a letter
sprite.

ADD THIS CODE

Try different numbers.

TRY IT

Click your letter.

TIP
Click this block to reset the sprite’s direction.
 Play a Sound

Click a letter to play a sound.

Animate a Name 3
Play a Sound
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Go to the Sprite Click the Letters

Library. category. Choose a letter sprite.

Click the Sounds tab.

Choose a backdrop. Boardwalk

Choose a sound.

ADD THIS CODE

Click the Code tab.

Choose a sound from

the menu.

TRY IT
Click your letter.
 Dancing Letter

Make a letter move to the beat.

Animate a Name 4
Dancing Letter
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a Spotlight Choose a letter from

backdrop. the Sprite Library.

Click the Extensions button Then click Music to

(at the bottom left). add the music blocks.

ADD THIS CODE

Type a minus sign to Choose a drum

move backward. from the menu.

TRY IT
Click your letter.
 Change Size

Make a letter get bigger and then smaller.

Animate a Name 5
Change Size
scratch.mit.edu
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Go to the Sprite Click the Letters

Library. category. Choose a letter sprite.

ADD THIS CODE

Type a minus sign

to get smaller.

TRY IT
Click your letter.

TIP
Click this block to reset the size.
 Press a Key

Press a key to make your letter change.

Animate a Name 6
Press a Key
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Wall 1
Choose a Choose a letter from
backdrop. the Sprite Library.

ADD THIS CODE

Try different
numbers.

TRY IT
Press the space key.

TIP

You can choose a different key from the menu.

Then press that key!
 Glide Around

Make a letter glide smoothly from place to

place.

Animate a Name 7
Glide Around
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a Jurassic Choose a letter from

backdrop. the Sprite Library.

ADD THIS CODE

Try different numbers.

TRY IT
Click your letter to start.

TIP
When you move a sprite, you can see the
numbers for x and y update.

x is the position from left to right.

y is the position up and down.
 Imagine a World

Imagine a world where anything is possible!

scratch.mit.edu Set of 9 cards

 Imagine a World
Try these cards in any order:

• Say Something
• Fly Around
• Go Right and Left
• Go Up and Down
• Change Costumes
• Glide from Here to There
• Grow and Shrink
• Change Backdrops
• Add a Sound

scratch.mit.edu Set of 9 cards

 Say Something

Type what you want your sprite to

say.

Imagine a World Dance1Party!

Say Something
scratch.mit.edu

GET
READY

Sprite1

Select the sprite you want to talk.

ADD THIS CODE

Sprite1

Type what you want to

say.

TRY IT

Click the green flag to start.

 Fly Around

Press the space key to glide glide.

Imagine a World 2
Fly Around
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a sprite. Butterfly 2 Choose a backdrop. Savanna

ADD THIS CODE

Butterfly 2

TRY IT

Press the space key to glide.

 Go Right and Left

Press arrow keys to move right and left.

Imagine a World 3
Go Right and Left
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a sprite. Ben Choose a backdrop. Playing Field

ADD THIS CODE

Change x to move your character side to side.

Ben

Type a minus sign to move left.

TRY IT

Press the right and left arrow keys on your keyboard.

 Go Up and Down

Press arrow keys to move up and down.

Imagine a World 4
Go Up and Down
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a sprite. Hedgehog Choose a backdrop. Woods and Bench

ADD THIS CODE

Change y to move your character up and down.

Hedgehog

Type a minus sign to move down.

TRY IT

Press the up and down arrow keys on your keyboard.

Change Costumes

Animate a sprite when you click it.

Imagine a World Dance5Party!

Change Costumes
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a sprite. Rooster Choose a backdrop. Blue Sky

ADD THIS CODE

Choose one costume.

Rooster

Choose another.

TRY IT
Click your sprite.
Glide From Here to There

Make a sprite glide from one point to

another.

Imagine a World Dance6Party!

Glide From Here to There
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a sprite. Earth Choose a backdrop. Stars

ADD THIS CODE

Earth Set the starting point.

Set the end point.

TRY IT
Click the green flag to start.

TIP
When you move a sprite, you can see the numbers for
x and y update.

x is the position from left to right.

y is the position up and down.
 Grow and Shrink

Make a sprite change size when you click it.

Imagine a World Dance7Party!

Grow and Shrink
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a backdrop. Theater 2 Choose a sprite. Drums Tabla

ADD THIS CODE

Drums Tabla
Type a larger number
to make it bigger.

Type 100 to return to

original size.

TRY IT

Click your sprite.

Change Backdrops

Change scenes by switching backdrops.

Imagine a World Dance8Party!

Change Backdrops
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose two backdrops. Choose a sprite.

Savanna Metro Avery

ADD THIS CODE

Avery Choose the backdrop

you want to start with.

Choose the second

backdrop.
Type what you want
to say.

TRY IT
Click the green flag to start.
Create a
Story
 Add a Sound
Add your voice or other sounds
to your project.

Imagine a World 9
DanceDance
PPararty!ty!
Add a Sound
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a sprite. Champ99

Click the Sounds tab.

Then click Record

from the pop-up menu. To record your voice or other
sound, click the red button.
Or, click here to
choose a sound If your device is unable to
from the record, you can choose a sound.
library.

ADD THIS CODE

Click the Code tab. Select your sound.

Type what you want to say.

TRY IT.
Click the green flag to start.
 Chase Game
Cards

Make a game where you chase a character to

score points.

scratch.mit.edu Set of 7 cards

 Chase Game
Cards
Use these cards in this order:

1. Move Left and Right

2. Move Up and Down
3. Chase a Star
4. Play a Sound
5. Add a Score
6. Level Up!
7. Victory Message

scratch.mit.edu Set of 7 cards

Move Left and Right

Press arrow keys to move left and right.

Chase Game 1
Move Left and Right
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a Galaxy Choose a character. Robot

backdrop.

ADD THIS CODE

Choose right arrow.

Robot

Choose left arrow.

Type a minus sign to move left.

TRY IT
Press the arrow keys.

TIP
Type a negative number to Type a positive number to
move to the left. move to the right.
Move Up and Down

Press arrow keys to move up and down.

Chase Game 2
Move Up and Down
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Click your character to select it.

ADD THIS CODE

Choose up arrow.

Use the change y by block to move up.

Robot

Choose down arrow.

Type a minus sign to move down.

TRY IT
Press the arrow keys.

TIP
y is the position on the Stage from top to bottom.

Type a positive number to move up.

Type a negative number to move down.

 Chase a Star

Add a sprite to chase.

Chase Game 3
Chase a Star
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a sprite to Star

chase, like Star.

ADD THIS CODE

Type a smaller number (like 0.5)

Star to make it glide faster.

TRY IT

Click the green flag to start. Click the stop sign to stop.
 Play a Sound
Play a sound when your character touches the
star.

Chase Game 4
Play a Sound
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Click the Sounds tab.

Robot

Click to select the Choose a sound from the

Robot sprite. Sounds Library, like Collect.

ADD THIS CODE

Click the Code tab and add this code.

Insert the touching

block into the
Robot if then block.

Choose your
sound from the
menu.

TRY IT
Click the green flag to start.
 Add a Score

Score points when you touch the star.

Chase Game 5
Add a Score
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY
Choose Variables.

Score
Click the Make a
Variable button.

Name this variable

Score and then click OK.

ADD THIS CODE

Add this block to

Robot reset the score.

Select Score
from the menu. Add this block to
increase the score.

TIP
Use the set variable block to reset the score to zero.

Use the change variable block to increase the score.

 Level Up!

Go to the next level.

Chase Game 6
Level Up!
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Nebula Robot
Choose a second
backdrop, like Nebula. Select the Robot

ADD THIS CODE

Robot Choose your first

backdrop.

Choose the backdrop

to switch to.
Insert the Score
block into the equals
block (from the
Operators category).

Choose a sound.

TRY IT
Click the green flag to start the game!
 Victory Message
Show a message when you go to
the next level.

Chase Game 7
Victory Message
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Use the Text tool to write a

message, like “Level Up!”

Click the Paint icon You can change the font

to make a new sprite. color, size, and style.

ADD THIS CODE

Sprite2 Hide the message at the beginning.

Choose the backdrop

for the next level.
Show the message.

TRY IT
Click the green flag to play your game.
 Make Music
Cards

Choose instruments, add sounds,

and press keys to play music.

scratch.mit.edu Set of 9 cards

 Make Music
Cards
Try these cards in any order:
• Play a Drum
• Make a Rhythm
• Animate a Drum
• Make a Melody
• Play a Chord
• Surprise Song
• Beatbox Sounds
• Record Sounds
• Play a Song

scratch.mit.edu Set of 9 cards

 Play a Drum

Press a key to make a drum sound.

Make Music 1
Play a Drum
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a Theater 2
backdrop.

Choose a drum. Drum

ADD THIS CODE

Select the sound you

want from the menu.

TRY IT

Press the space key on your keyboard.

 Make a Rhythm

Play a loop of repeating drum sounds.

Make Music 2
Make a Rhythm
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a Choose a drum from

Theater 2 Drum Tabla
backdrop. the Music category.

To see just the music sprites, click the Music

category at the top of the Sprite Library.

ADD THIS CODE

Type how many times you want to repeat.

Try different numbers to change the rhythm.

TRY IT

Press the space key on your keyboard.

 Animate a Drum

Switch between costumes to animate.

Make Music 3
Animate a Drum
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Click the Costumes tab

to see the costumes.

Choose You can use the paint

Drum Conga
a drum. tools to change colors.

ADD THIS CODE

Click the Code tab.

Choose a sound
from the menu.

TRY IT
Press the left arrow key on your keyboard.
 Make a Melody

Play a series of notes.

Make Music 4
Make a Melody
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose an Saxophone To see just the music sprites, click

instrument, like the Music category at the top of the
Saxophone. Sprite Library.

ADD THIS CODE

Choose up arrow
(or another key).

Choose different sounds.

TRY IT
Press the up arrow key.
 Play a Chord
Play more than one sound at a time to make a
chord.

Make Music 5
Play a Chord
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

To see just the music sprites, click

Choose an Trumpet the Music category at the top of the
instrument, like Sprite Library.
Trumpet.

ADD THIS CODE

Choose down arrow

(or another key).

Choose different sounds.

TRY IT
Press the down arrow key.

TIP
Use to play sounds play at the same time.

Use to play sounds one after another.

 Surprise Song

Play a random sound from a list of sounds.

Make Music 6
Surprise Song
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Click the sounds tab to see how many

sounds are in your instrument.

Choose and instrument,

like Guitar.

Guitar

ADD THIS CODE

Click the Code tab.

Choose right arrow.

Insert a pick random block.

Type the number of sounds in your

instrument.

TRY IT
Press the right arrow key.
 Beatbox Sounds

Play a series of vocal sounds.

Make Music 7
Beatbox Sounds
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Click the Sounds tab to see how

many sounds are in your instrument.
Choose the
Microphone sprite.

Microphone

ADD THIS CODE

Click the Code tab.

Choose b (or another key).

Insert a pick random

block.

Type the number of sounds

in this sprite.

TRY IT
Press the B key to start.
 Record Sounds

Make your own sounds to play.

Make Music 8
Record Sounds
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a Beach Malibu Choose any sprite. Beachball

backdrop.

Click the Sounds tab.

Then choose Record

from the pop-up menu.

Click the Record button

to record a short sound.

ADD THIS CODE

Click the Code tab.

Choose c
(or another key).

TRY IT
Press the C key to start.
 Play a Song

Add a music loop as background music.

Make Music 9
Play a Song
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Click the Sounds tab.

Choose a sound from

Choose a sprite, the Loops category,
like Speaker. Speaker like Drum Jam.

To see just the music loops, click the Loops

category at the top of the Sounds Library.

ADD THIS CODE

Click the Code tab.

Choose your sound from

the menu.

TRY IT
Click the green flag to start.
Animate a Character
Cards

Bring characters to life with animation.

scratch.mit.edu Set of 8
Animate a Character
Cards
Try these cards in any order:

• Move with Arrow Keys

• Make a Character Jump
• Switch Poses
• Glide from Point to Point
• Walking Animation
• Flying Animation
•Talking Animation
• Draw an Animation

scratch.mit.edu Set of 8 cards

Move with Arrow Keys

Use the arrow keys to move your

character around.

Animate a Character 1
Move with Arrow Keys
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a backdrop. Soccer 2 Choose a character. Pico Walking

ADD THIS CODE

Change x Change y
Move your character side to side. Move your character up and down.

Type a minus sign to move left. Type a minus sign to move down.

TRY IT
Press the arrow keys on your keyboard to move
your character around.
 Make a Character
Jump
Press a key to jump up and down.

Animate a Character 2
Make a Character Jump
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a backdrop. Blue Sky Choose a character. Giga Walking

ADD THIS CODE

Giga
Type how high to
jump.

Type a minus sign to

go back down.

TRY IT

Press the space key on your keyboard.

 Switch Poses
Animate a character when you press a key.

Animate a Character 3
Switch Poses
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY
Choose a character with
multiple costumes, like Max.
Click the Costumes
tab to view all of your
sprite’s costumes.
Max

Scroll over sprites in the

Sprite Library to see if they
have different costumes.

ADD THIS CODE

Click the Code tab.

Max Choose a costume.

Choose a different
costume.

TRY IT
Press the space key on your keyboard.
Glide from Point to Point

Make a sprite glide from point to point.

Animate a Character 4
Glide from Point to Point
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a backdrop. Nebula Choose a character. Rocketship

ADD THIS CODE

Set the starting point.

Rocketship
Set another point to
glide to.

Set the end point.

TRY IT
Click the green flag to start.

TIP
When you drag a sprite, its
x and y positions will update
in the blocks palette.
Walking Animation
Make a character walk or run.

Animate a Character 5
Walking Animation
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a Jungle Choose a walking Unicorn Running

backdrop. or running sprite.

ADD THIS CODE

Unicorn Running

TRY IT TIP

Click the green flag If you want to slow down the

to start. animation, try adding a wait block
inside the repeat block.
Flying Animation
Have a character flap its wings as it moves
across the stage.

Animate a Character 6
Flying Animation
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a Canyon Choose Parrot Parrot

backdrop. (or another flying sprite).

ADD THIS CODE

Glide across the screen Flap the wings

Set the starting point.

Choose one costume.

Set the end point. Choose another.

TRY IT
Click the green flag to start.
Talking Animation
Make a character talk.

Animate a Character 7
Talking Animation
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Click the Costumes tab

Choose Penguin 2. to view the penguin’s
other costumes.

Penguin

ADD THIS CODE

Click the Code tab.

Choose one costume.

Choose another.

Type what you want

your character to say.

TRY IT
Click the green flag to start.
Draw an Animation
Edit a sprite’s costumes to create your
own animation.

Animate a Character 8
Draw an Animation
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Now you should have

Click the Costumes tab. two identical costumes.

Choose a
character.

Frog Right-click (on a Mac, Click a costume to select

control-click) a costume to and edit it.
duplicate it.

Click the Select a part of the costume Drag the handle to rotate an
Select tool. to squeeze or stretch it. object you’ve selected.

ADD THIS CODE TRY IT

Click the Code tab.

Use the next Click the green flag

costume block to start.
to animate your
character.
 Create a Story
Cards

Choose characters, add conversation,

and bring your story to life.

scratch.mit.edu Set of 9 cards

 Create a Story
Cards
Start with the first card, and then try
the other cards in any order:

• Start a Story
• Start a Conversation
• Switch Backdrops
• Click a Character
• Add Your Voice
• Glide to a Spot
• Walk onto the Stage
• Respond to a Character
• Add a Scene

scratch.mit.edu Set of 9 cards

 Start a Story
Set the scene and have a character
say something.

Create a Story 1
Start a Story
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a Witch House Choose a Wizard

backdrop. character.

ADD THIS CODE

Wizard

Type what you want your character to say.

TRY IT

Click the green flag to start.

Start a Conversation

Make two characters talk to each other.

Create a Story 2
Start a Conversation
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose two characters, Witch Elf

like Witch and Elf.

ADD THIS CODE

Click the thumbnail for each character, and then add its code.

Witch

Type what you want

each character to say.

Elf

TIP
To change the direction a character is facing, click
the Costumes tab, then click Flip Horizontal.
 Switch Backdrops

Change from one backdrop to another.

Create a Story 3
Switch Backdrops
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a character. Choose two backdrops.

Elf Witch House Mountain

ADD THIS CODE

Choose the backdrop you

Elf
want to start with.

Choose the second

backdrop.

TRY IT
Click the green flag to start.
Create a
Story
 Click a Character

Make your story interactive.

Create a Story 4
Click a Character
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a Mountain Choose a Unicorn

backdrop. character.

ADD THIS CODE

You can choose

different effects.
Unicorn

Select a sound from

the menu.

TRY IT
Click your character.
 Add Your Voice

Record your voice to make a character talk.

Create a Story 5
Add Your Voice
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY
Click the Sounds tab. Click Record.

Choose a
sprite.

When you’re
done, click Save.
Princess
Choose Record from
the pop-up menu.

ADD THIS CODE

Click the Code tab.

Princess __________
Select your
recording from
the menu.

TRY IT
Click the green flag to start.
Create a
Story
 Glide to a Spot

Make a character move across the Stage.

Create a Story 6
Glide to a Spot
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a Mountain Choose a Owl

backdrop. character.

ADD THIS CODE

Owl

TRY IT
Click the green flag to start.

TIP
When you drag a sprite, the
numbers for x and y will update
in the blocks palette.
Create a
Story
Walk onto the Stage

Have a character enter the scene.

Create a Story 7
Walk onto the Stage
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a Mountain Choose a Dragon

backdrop. character.

ADD THIS CODE

Type -240 to place your sprite

Dragon
at the left edge of the Stage.

Change this number to glide faster or slower.

TIP
Change the size of a sprite by typing
a smaller or larger number.

Create a
Story
Respond to a Character
Coordinate a conversation so that
one character talks after another.

Create a Story 8
Respond to a Character
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a Mountain Choose two Goblin Princess

backdrop. characters.

ADD THIS CODE

Click the thumbnail for each character, and then add its code.

Goblin
Broadcast a message.

Tell this character

Princess what to do when it
receives the broadcast.

TIP
You can click the menu to add a
new message.
Create a
Story
 Add a Scene
Create multiple scenes with
different backdrops and characters.

Create a Story 9
Add a Scene
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose two backdrops. Choose a character.

Witch House Mountain Fox

ADD THIS CODE

Fox

Choose the backdrop name

from the menu.

TRY IT
Click the green flag to start.
 Pong Game
Cards

Make a bouncing ball game and score points

to win!

scratch.mit.edu Set of 6 cards

 Pong Game
Cards
Use these cards in this order:

1. Bounce Around
2. Move the Paddle
3. Bounce off the Paddle
4. Game Over
5. Score Points
6. Win the Game

scratch.mit.edu Set of 6
 Bounce Around

Make a ball move around the Stage.

Pong Game 1
Bounce Around
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a Neon Tunnel Choose a ball.

backdrop.

ADD THIS CODE

Ball

Type a larger number

to move faster.

TRY IT
Click the green flag to start.
 Move the Paddle
Control a paddle by moving
your mouse pointer.

Pong Game 2
Move the Paddle
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Paddle

Choose a sprite for hitting Then, drag your paddle to

the ball, like Paddle. the bottom of the Stage.

ADD THIS CODE

Insert the mouse x block

into the set x to block.
Paddle

TRY IT
Click the green Move your mouse pointer
flag to start. to move the paddle.

TIP
You can see the x position of the paddle
change as you move the mouse pointer
across the Stage.
Bounce Off the Paddle

Make the ball bounce off the paddle.

Pong Game 3
Bounce Off the Paddle
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Click to select the Ball sprite.

ADD THIS CODE

Add this new stack of blocks to your Ball sprite.

Choose Paddle
from the menu.
Ball

Insert the pick random

block and type in 170 to 190

TRY IT
Click the green flag to start.
 Game Over

Stop the game if the ball hits the red line.

Pong Game 4
Game Over
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Line

Choose the sprite called Line. Drag the Line sprite to the
bottom of the Stage.

ADD THIS CODE

Line Set the position of the Line.

Choose Ball
from the menu.

TRY IT
Click the green flag to start.
 Score Points
Add a point each time you hit the ball
with the paddle.

Pong Game 5
Score Points
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY
Choose Variables.

Click the Make a Score

Variable button.

Name this variable Score

and then click OK.

ADD THIS CODE

Click to select the
Ball sprite.

Add this block and

choose Score from
the menu.

Use this block to reset the score.

Choose Score from the menu.
 Win the Game
When you score enough points, display a
winning message!

Pong Game 6
Win the Game
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY
Use the Text tool to write a
message, like “You Won!”

Click the Paint icon You can change the font

to make a new sprite. color, size, and style.

ADD THIS CODE

Click the Code tab.

Type the number of points

needed to win the game.
Sprite 2

Insert the Score block into

the equals block from the
Operators category.

TRY IT
Click the green Play until you score
flag to start. enough points to win!
 Let’s Dance
Cards

Design an animated dance scene

with music and dance moves.

scratch.mit.edu Set of 9 cards

 Let’s Dance
Cards
Try these cards in any order:
• Dance Sequence
• Dance Loop
• Play Music
•Take Turns
• Starting Position
• Shadow Effect
• Interactive Dance
• Color Effect
• Leave a Trail

scratch.mit.edu Set of 9 cards

 Dance Sequence

Make an animated dance.

Let’s Dance Dance1Party!

Dance Sequence
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Click the Costumes

tab to see the different
Choose a Ten80 Dance dance moves.
dancer.

To see just the dance sprites, click the Dance

category at the top of the Sprite Library.

ADD THIS CODE

Click the Code tab.

Ten80 Dance

Type how long to Pick different

wait between
dance moves.
dance moves.

TRY IT
Click the green flag to start
 Dance Loop

Repeat a series of dance steps.

Let’s Dance Dance2Party!

Dance Loop
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Go to the Ten80 Dance

Sprite Library. Click the Dance category. Choose a dancer.

ADD THIS CODE

Choose a dance pose.

Ten80 Dance

Type how many times

you want to repeat the
dance.

Add a repeat
block around your
dance sequence.

TRY IT
Click the green flag to start.
 Play Music

Play and loop a song.

Let’s Dance 3
Play Music
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Click the Sounds tab.

Choose a Concert Choose a song from the

backdrop. Loops category.

ADD THIS CODE

Click the Code tab.

Type how many times you

want the song to repeat.
Concert

TIP
Make sure to use (not )
or else the music won’t finish playing before it begins again.
 Take Turns
Coordinate dancers so that one
begins after the other finishes.

Let’s Dance 4
Take Turns
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose two dancers from

Anina Dance Champ99
the Dance category.

ADD THIS CODE

Anina Dance

Broadcast a message.

Tell this dancer sprite

what to do when it
Champ99 receives the message.

TRY IT
Click the green flag to start.
 Starting Position

Tell your dancers where to start.

Let’s Dance 5
Starting Position
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Go to the LB Dance
Sprite Library. Click the Dance category. Choose a dancer.

ADD THIS CODE

LB Dance Tell your sprite where to start.

Set the sprite’s size.

Choose a starting costume.

Make sure the sprite is showing.

TIP

Use to set a sprite’s position on the Stage.

x is the position on the Stage from left to right.

y is the position on the Stage from top to bottom.
 Shadow Effect

Make a dancing silhouette.

Let’s Dance 6
Shadow Effect
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Jouvi Dance
Go to the Click the Dance category.
Sprite Library. Choose a dancer.

ADD THIS CODE

Choose brightness Set the brightness to -100 to

from the menu. make the sprite completely dark.

TRY IT

Click the green flag to start. Click the stop sign to stop.
 Interactive Dance

Press keys to switch dance moves.

Let’s Dance 7
Interactive Dance
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Jouvi Dance
Go to the Click the Dance category
Sprite Library. Choose a dancer.

ADD THIS CODE

Choose a different key to press Pick a dance move from the menu.
for each dance move.

TRY IT

Press the arrow keys on your keyboard.

 Color Effect

Make the backdrop change colors.

Let’s Dance 8
Color Effect
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a backdrop. Spotlight

ADD THIS CODE

Try different numbers.

Spotlight

TRY IT
Click the green flag to start.
 Leave a Trail

Stamp a trail as your dancer moves.

Let’s Dance Dance9Party!

Leave a Trail
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a dancer from LB Dance Click the Extensions button, and

the Dance category. then click Pen to add the blocks.

ADD THIS CODE

LB Dance Type how many times to repeat.

Stamp an image of the sprite

on the Stage.

Clear all the stamps.

TRY IT

Click the green flag to start.

 Jumping Game
Cards

Make a character jump over moving obstacles.

scratch.mit.edu Set of 7 cards

 Jumping Game
Cards
Use these cards in this order:

1. Jump
2. Go to Start
3. Moving Obstacle
4. Add a Sound
5. Stop the Game
6. Add More Obstacles
7. Score

scratch.mit.edu Set of 7 cards

 Jump

Make a character jump.

Jumping Game 1
Jump
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a Blue Sky Choose a character, Chick

backdrop. like Chick.

ADD THIS CODE

Chick

Type a minus sign

to go back down.

TRY IT

Press the space key on your keyboard.

 Go to Start
Set the starting point for your sprite.

Jumping Game 2
Go to Start
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

When you move your

character, its x and y
position will update in
the blocks palette.

Drag your character to where Now when you drag out a go to block, it will
you want it. set to your character’s new position.

ADD THIS CODE

Chick

Set the starting position.

(Your numbers may be different.)

TIP

Change the size of a sprite by typing a smaller or larger number.

 Moving Obstacle

Make an obstacle move across the Stage.

Jumping Game 3
Moving Obstacle
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a sprite to be an
Egg
obstacle, such as Egg.

ADD THIS CODE

Egg Start at the right

edge of the Stage.

Glide to the left

edge of the Stage.
Type a smaller number
to go faster.

TRY IT

Click the green Press the space key

flag to start. on your keyboard.
 Add a Sound

Play a sound when your sprite jumps.

Jumping Game 4
Add a Sound
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY
Click to select the Chick sprite.

ADD THIS CODE

Chick

Add the start sound block,

and then select a sound.

TRY IT

Click the green Press the space key

flag to start. on your keyboard.
 Stop the Game

Stop the game if your sprite touches the egg.

Jumping Game 5
Stop the Game
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY
Click to select the
Egg sprite.
Click the Costumes
tab to see the Egg
sprite’s costumes.

ADD THIS CODE

Click the Code tab and add this code.

Insert the touching block

and choose Chick from
the menu.
Egg

Choose a second costume for

the Egg sprite to change to.

TRY IT

Click the green Press the space key

flag to start. on your keyboard.
Add More Obstacles

Make the game harder by adding more

obstacles.

Jumping Game 6
Add More Obstacles
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

To duplicate the Egg sprite, right- Click to select Egg2.

click (Mac: control-click) on the
thumbnail, and then choose
duplicate.

ADD THIS CODE

Egg2 Add these blocks to wait before

showing the second egg.

TRY IT
Click the green flag to start.
 Score

Add a point each time your sprite jumps over

an egg.

Jumping Game 7
Score
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY
Choose Variables.

Score
Click the Make a
Variable button.

Name this variable Score

and then click OK.

ADD THIS CODE

Click the Chick sprite and add two blocks to your code:

Chick

Add this block to Add this block to

reset the Score. increase the score.
Choose Score Choose Score from
from the menu. the menu.

TRY IT
Jump over the eggs to score points!
 Virtual Pet
Cards

Create an interactive pet that can

eat, drink, and play.

scratch.mit.edu Set of 7 cards

 Virtual Pet
Cards
Use these cards in this order:

1. Introduce Your Pet

2. Animate Your Pet
3. Feed Your Pet
4. Give Your Pet a Drink
5. What Will Your Pet Say?
6. Time to Play
7. How Hungry?

scratch.mit.edu Set of 7 cards

Introduce Your Pet

Choose a pet and have it say hello.

Virtual Pet 1
Introduce Your Pet
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY
Pick a sprite with more
than one costume.

Choose a backdrop, Choose a sprite to be

like Garden Rock. your pet, like Monkey.

Scroll over sprites in the

Sprite Library to see their
Garden Monkey
different costumes.

ADD THIS CODE

Drag your pet to where you want it on the Stage.

Set its position. (Your numbers

Monkey may be different.)

Type what you want your pet to say.

TRY IT

Click the green flag to start.

 Animate Your Pet

Bring your pet to life.

Virtual Pet 2
Animate Your Pet
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Click the Costumes tab to see

your pet’s costumes.

ADD THIS CODE

Click the Code tab and add this code.

Monkey

Choose a costume.

Choose a different
costume.

TRY IT
Click your pet.
 Feed Your Pet

Click the food to feed your pet.

Virtual Pet 3
Feed Your Pet
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Click the Sounds tab.

Bananas
Monkey Choose a food sprite,
Choose a sound from the like Bananas.
Sounds Library, like Chomp.

ADD THIS CODE

Click the Code tab.

Bananas

Select New message

and name it food.
Broadcast the food message.

Select your pet.

Choose food from the menu.
Choose Bananas from the menu.

Monkey

Glide to the starting position.

TRY IT
Click the food.
Give Your Pet a Drink

Give your pet some water to drink.

Virtual Pet 4
Give Your Pet a Drink
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY
Choose a drink sprite, like Glass Water.

Glass

ADD THIS CODE

Glass Water
Broadcast a new message.

Switch to the empty glass.

Switch to the full glass.

Tell your pet what to do when it receives the message.

Choose drink from the menu.

Choose Glass Water from the
Monkey menu.

Glide to the starting position.

TRY IT
Click the drink to start.
What Will Your Pet Say?

Let your pet choose what it will say.

Virtual Pet 5
What Will Your Pet Say?
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY
Choose Variables.
Choic
Click the Make a e

Variable button.

Name this variable Choice

and then click OK.

ADD THIS CODE

Insert the pick
random block.
Monkey

Insert the Choice

block into the equals Type things for
block from the your pet to say.
Operators category.

TRY IT
Click your pet to see what it says.
 Time to Play

Have your pet play with a ball.

Virtual Pet 6
Time to Play
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY
Choose a sprite,
like Ball.
Ball

ADD THIS CODE

Ball
Broadcast a new message.

Choose Monkey from

the menu.

Type a minus sign to make

Insert the touching block the ball move down.
into the wait until block.
A positive number makes
the ball move up.

Choose play from the menu.

Pick Ball from the menu.
Monkey

TRY IT
Click the ball.
 How Hungry?

Keep track of how hungry your pet is.

Virtual Pet 7
How Hungry?
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY
Choose Variables.

Hunger
Click the Make a
Variable button.

Name this variable Hunger

and then click OK.

ADD THIS CODE

Monkey

Choose food from the menu.

Reset hunger level.

Increase hunger level

every 5 seconds. Type a minus sign to make
your pet less hungry when it
gets food.

TRY IT
Click the green flag to Then click the food.
start.
 Catch Game
Cards

Make a game where you catch things

falling from the sky.

scratch.mit.edu Set of 7 cards

 Catch Game
Cards
Use these cards in this order:

1. Go to the Top
2. Fall Down
3. Move the Catcher
4. Catch It!
5. Keep Score
6. Bonus Points
7. You Win!

scratch.mit.edu Set of 7 cards

 Go to the Top
Start from a random spot at the top of the
Stage.

Catch Game 1
Go to the Top
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a backdrop, Choose a sprite,

Boardwalk Apple
like Boardwalk. like Apple.

ADD THIS CODE

Apple
Type 180 to go to the
top of the stage.

TRY IT
Click the green flag to start.

TIP
y is the position on the Stage from top to bottom.
y = 180

x = –240 x = 240

y = –180
 Fall Down

Make your sprite fall down.

Catch Game 2
Fall Down
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Click to select the

Apple sprite.

ADD THIS CODE

Keep the previous code as is, and add this second stack of blocks:

Type a minus sign

Ap- to fall down.

Check if near the

bottom of the Stage.

Insert the y position Go back to the top

block into this block from of the Stage.
the Operators category.

TRY IT
Click the green flag to start. Click the stop sign to stop.

TIP
Use to move up or down.
 Move the Catcher
Press the arrow keys so that the catcher
moves left and right.

Catch Game 3
Move the Catcher
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Drag the bowl

to the bottom
of the Stage.
Choose a catcher Bowl
like Bowl.

ADD THIS CODE

Choose the right arrow

Bowl from the menu.

Choose the left arrow

from the menu.

TRY IT

Click the green flag Press the arrow keys

to start. to move the catcher.
 Catch It!

Catch the falling sprite.

Catch Game 4
Catch It!
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Click to select
the Apple.

ADD THIS CODE

Choose Bowl from the menu.

Apple

Choose a sound.

TIP

Click the Sounds tab if Click the Code tab

you want to add a Then choose a sound when you want to
different sound. from the Sounds Library. add more blocks.
 Keep Score
Add a point each time you catch the falling
sprite.

Catch Game 5
Keep Score
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY
Choose Variables. Name this variable
Scor Score and then
e
Click the Make a click OK.
Variable button.

ADD THIS CODE

Add two new blocks to your code:

Add this block to reset

Apple
the score.
Choose Score from
the menu.

Add this block to

increase the score.

TRY IT
Click the green flag to start.
Then, catch apples to score points!
 Bonus Points
Get extra points when you catch a golden
sprite.

Catch Game 6
Bonus Points
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY
To duplicate your sprite,
right-click (Mac: control-click).
Click the Costumes tab.

You can use the paint tools to make

Choose duplicate. your bonus sprite look different.

ADD THIS CODE

Click the Code tab.

Apple2

Type how many points you get

for catching a bonus sprite.

TRY IT
Catch the bonus sprite to increase your score!
 You Win!

When you score enough points, display a

winning message!

Catch Game 7
You Win!
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Use the Text tool to write a

message, like “You Win!”

Click the Paint icon You can change the font color,
to make a new sprite. size, and style.

ADD THIS CODE

Click the Code tab.

Insert the Score block from

Sprite2 the Variables category.

TRY IT
Click the green flag to start. Play until you score
enough points to win!
 Video Sensing
Cards

Interact with projects using video sensing.

scratch.mit.edu Set of 7 cards

 Video Sensing
Cards
Try these cards in any order:

• Pet the Cat

• Animate
• Pop a Balloon
• Play the Drums
• Keep Away Game
• Play Ball
• Start an Adventure

scratch.mit.edu Set of 7 cards

 Pet the Cat

Make the cat meow when you touch it.

Video Sensing 1
Pet the Cat
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Click the Extensions button Choose Video Sensing

(at the bottom left of the screen). to add the video blocks.

ADD THIS CODE

This will start when it
senses video motion on
a sprite.

Type a number between

1 and 100 to change the
Cat
sensitivity.

1 will start with very little

movement, 100 requires
a lot of movement.

TRY IT

Move your hand to pet the cat.

 Animate

Move around to bring a sprite to life.

Video Sensing 2
Animate
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY
Pick a sprite with more
than one costume.

Click the Extensions Choose a sprite

button, then choose to animate.
Video Sensing.

Scroll over sprites in the

Sprite Library to see their
different costumes.

ADD THIS CODE

__
Choose one costume.

__ Choose a different
costume.

TRY IT
Move around to animate the dragon.
 Pop a Balloon

Use your finger to pop a balloon.

Video Sensing 3
Pop a Balloon
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Click the Extensions button, Choose a sprite, like Balloon1.

then choose Video Sensing.

ADD THIS CODE

__ Type a larger number to

make it harder to pop.

TRY IT

Use your finger to pop the balloon.

 Play the Drums

Interact with sprites that play sounds.

Video Sensing 4
Play the Drums
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Drum Drum-cymbal

Click the Extensions button, Choose two sprites,

then choose Video Sensing. like Drum and Drum-cymbal.

ADD THIS CODE

Click on a drum to select it, then add its code.

Drum Drum-cymbal

Type a minus sign to get Choose a different costume.

smaller.

TRY IT
Use your hands to play the drums!
 Keep Away Game

Move around to avoid a sprite.

Video Sensing 5
Keep Away Game
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Click the Extensions Choose a backdrop, Choose a sprite,

button, then choose like Ocean. like Jellyfish.
Video Sensing.

ADD THIS CODE

Type a number between 0

and 100.
(0 to show the video, 100 to
make the video transparent.)

TRY IT
Move around to avoid the jellyfish.
 Play Ball
Use your body to move a sprite across the
screen.

Video Sensing 6
Play Ball
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Beachball

Click the Extensions button, Choose a sprite, like Beachball.

then choose Video Sensing.

ADD THIS CODE

Beachball

Choose direction
from the menu.

TRY IT
Use your hands to push the beach ball around the screen.
Try it with a friend!
Start an Adventure!
Interact with a story by
moving your hands.

Video Sensing 7
 Start an Adventure!
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Click the Costumes

tab to see your sprite's
other costumes.
Click the Choose a Choose a
Extensions button. backdrop. sprite.

Winter Fox

Choose Video Sensing.

ADD THIS CODE

Click the Code tab.

Set a starting point.

Choose a costume.
Insert the video motion
on sprite block into
the greater than block Choose another costume.
from the Operators Set the position your
category. sprite will glide to.

TRY IT
Click the green flag. Then wave to wake up the fox.
 Make It
it Fly
Cards

Choose any character and make it

fly!

scratch.mit.edu Set of 7 cards

 Make it Fly
Cards
Use these cards in this
order:
1. Choose a Character
2. Start Flying
3. Switch Looks
4. Make it Interactive
5. Floating Clouds
6. Flying Hearts
7. Collect Points

scratch.mit.edu Set of 7 cards

Choose a Character
Choose a character to fly.

Make It Fly 1
Choose a Character
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a backdrop,
such as “blue
sky2”.

Choose a sprite from

the Flying theme.

ADD THIS CODE

Type what you want

your sprite to say.

TRY IT

Click the green flag to start

 Start Flying
Move the scenery so your
character looks like it’s flying.

Make It Fly 2
Start Flying
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a sprite to
fly by, such as
Buildings

ADD THIS CODE

Start from the right

end of the stage.

Type a negative
number to move left.

TIP
x is the position on the Stage from left to right.
y = 180

x = -240 x = 240

y = -180
 Switch Looks
Add variety to your scenery.

Make It Fly 3
Switch Looks
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY
Then, click the
Click to select the
Costumes tab to
Buildings sprite.
see the different
building
costumes.

ADD THIS CODE

Click the tab.

Add this block to
switch costumes.

TRY IT
Click the green flag to start
Make It Interactive
Make your character move
when you press a key.

Make It Fly 4
Make It Interactive
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY
Click to select your flying sprite.

ADD THIS CODE

Change x Change y
Move your character side to side. Move your character up and down.

Type a minus sign to move left. Type a minus sign to move down.

TRY IT
Press the arrow keys on your keyboard to move
your character around.
 Floating Clouds
Make clouds float by in the sky!

Make It Fly 5
Floating Clouds
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose Clouds from the library.

ADD THIS CODE

Type 180 to keep

Drag the pick random block Clouds in top half.
into the set y to block.

TIP
y is the position on the Stage from top to bottom.
y = 180

x = -240 x = 240

y = -180
 Flying Hearts
Add hearts or other floating objects to

Make It Fly 6
Flying Hearts
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose a sprite, such as Heart.

ADD THIS CODE

Moves the sprite up and down

Sets your sprite’s position at the far

right of the stage

Moves the sprite across the stage

TRY IT

Click the green flag to start

 Collect Points
Add a point each time you
touch a heart or other object.

Make It Fly 7
Collect Points
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Select Variable

Click the Make a Points

Variable button.

Name this variable Points

and then click OK.

ADD THIS CODE

Resets points at the start.

Select your Choose Heart

flying sprite. from the menu.

Add a point.

TRY IT
Click the green flag to start
 A
B

micro:bit
Cards

Make projects that connect to the

physical world with micro:bit!

scratch.mit.edu/microbit Set of 7 cards

A
 A
B

micro:bit
Cards
B

Try these cards in any order:

•Cast a Spell
•Squeak
•Move Around
•Press a Button
•Jump
•Move Back and Forth
•Create an Emoji

bit.ly/scratchbit Set of 7 cards

A
 Cast a Spell A

Make something happen when you move

the micro:bit.

micro:bit 1
Cast a Spell A

scratch.mit.edu/microbit B

GET READY

Woods Dragon
Choose a Choose a
backdrop. sprite.

Click the Extensions Then, click to add the micro:bit

button. extension.

ADD THIS CODE

Dragon

TRY IT
Move the micro:bit to start.
 Squeak A

Make a sound when you

shake the micro:bit.

micro:bit 2
Squeak A

scratch.mit.edu/microbit B

GET READY

Monkey

Choose a sprite, like

Monkey.

ADD THIS CODE

Monkey

TRY IT

Shake the Click the stop sign

micro:bit to start. to reset the pitch.

TIP

You can click the Sounds tab to Click this button to add a sound
view your character's sounds. from the Sound library.
 Move Around
A

Make a character glide around the

screen.

micro:bit 3
Move Around A

scratch.mit.edu/microbit B

GET READY

Ghost

Choose a sprite, like

Ghost.

ADD THIS CODE

Ghost

To move faster, type a

smaller number, like 0.5

TRY IT

Move the micro:bit

to start.
 Press a Button
A

Make something happen when you press

the micro:bit button.

micro:bit 4
Press a Button A

scratch.mit.edu/microbit B

GET READY

Click the tab.

Hatchling

Choose a sprite with multiple Choose a sound,

costumes, like Hatchling. like Chirp.

ADD THIS CODE

Click thetab.

Hatchling

Choose your
sound from the
menu.

TRY IT
Press the A button on the micro:bit to start.
 Jump
A

Have a character jump up

and down.

micro:bit 5
Jump A

scratch.mit.edu/microbit B

GET READY

Wizard-toad

Choose a sprite, like

Wizard-toad.

ADD THIS CODE

Type a minus
sign to move
down.

TRY IT

Jump with the micro:bit to start.

 Move Back and A

Forth
B

Move a character from side to side

when you tilt the micro:bit.

micro:bit 6
Move Back and Forth A

scratch.mit.edu/microbit B

GET READY

Witch House Witch

Choose a backdrop, like Witch Choose a sprite, like

House Witch

ADD THIS CODE

Witch

Insert the tilt

angle block into
the set x block.

TRY IT

Tilt the micro:bit to move your character from side to side.

 Create an Emoji
A

Make your own emoji on

the micro:bit display.

micro:bit 7
Create an Emoji A

scratch.mit.edu/microbit B

GET READY

Drag out a block and click on the

grid.

Click the individual

squares to turn them
on or off in your
design.

ADD THIS CODE

TRY IT
A B

Press the A and B buttons to show your emojis on the micro:bit.

 Create a Sprite

Explore digital drawing, remixing, or

uploading to create original sprites

scratch.mit.edu Set of 10 cards

 Cards in This Pack
● Design Your Sprite
● Using the Paint Editor
● Options to Customize Sprites
● Create a Sprite by Remixing
● Bring Your Drawings into Scratch
● Animate Your Sprite
● Code the Sprite
● Create an Asset Pack
● Collaborate: Export or Backpack /
Collaborate: Remix

scratch.mit.edu Set of 10 cards

 Design Your Sprite

What sprite do you want to create? When you

are brainstorming ideas, ask yourself:
● What items are unique to your culture,
community, language, or location that
would be fun to animate in Scratch or
share with your peers?
● What is your favorite activity or hobby?
Food? Native animal or family pet? Native
plant? Item of dress? Book character?
● Is there already a sprite in the library
that you’d want to remix or change?
Sprite examples by pondermake, SaffronChai, Chumie, algorithmar,
and watse166.

Design Your Sprite 2

 Design Your Sprite

● There are two modes for using the Paint

Editor in Scratch:
○ Vector-mode allows you to create and
edit shapes (Scratch default).
○ Bitmap-mode allows you to edit
photos and paint with pixels.
● We recommend using vector-mode, when
drawing sprites, as it allows other users to
make adjustments and add and remove
elements if they remix your creations.

Design Your Sprite 2

Using the Paint Editor
TOOLS TO TRY

Click and drag with the Line, Circle, or Rectangle tools to create a
shape. Hold down the Shift key while dragging to create equal sides,
or 45 and 90 degree angles with lines.

Using the Select tool, select a shape and click and drag one of the
corner points to resize it.

To rotate a shape once you’ve made it, use the Select tool to grab the
anchor under the shape and drag it. Hold down the Shift key while
dragging to rotate at 45 degree angles.

Using the Reshape tool, click on one of the points of a shape and
move the point around to alter the shape. Click + Shift key to select
and move multiple points at once.

Using the Reshape tool, click on a part of the shape that doesn’t have
a point to add a new point, or click on a point and press “Delete” to
remove a point.

Using the Paint Editor 3

Using the Paint Editor
scratch.mit.edu

Using the Reshape tool, click on a point and choose whether it is

curved or pointed. Click on a point and drag rotate the handles
attached to the point to alter the shape of a curve.

Using the Select tool, select a shape and click the buttons on the top
menu to copy and paste a duplicate.

Using the Select tool, select a shape and click the flip horizontal or flip
vertical buttons on the top menu to flip a shape.

Using the Select tool, select a shape and click the Forward, Backward,
Front, or Back buttons to change the layer order.

Select the fill from the dropdown and use the fill (paint bucket) tool to
adjust a shape’s color. Or using the Select tool, select a shape and
then use the Fill and Outline dropdowns to adjust the color,
saturation, brightness, and outline. You can also choose to use a
gradient. Use the eyedropper to select a color from another shape.
Use the red strikethrough to fill with no color.

Using the select tool and holding down the “Shift” key, select multiple
shapes to group them (helpful to move several shapes together).

Use the brush tool for freehand line drawing. The example to the right
shows hand drawn whiskers.

Use the eraser tool to remove parts of the drawing from all shapes
and layers it comes into contact with when clicking and dragging. You
can use the reshape tool to then adjust the new points created.

The text tool comes with a dropdown list of font options to choose
from, and Fill and Outline dropdowns to change text color and outline.
 Options to
Customize Sprites

● Let’s explore different ways to rotate

sprites, change their size, change their
color or brightness, etc.

● We can adjust the look of sprite costumes

using the Paint Editor tools.

● Or we can adjust sprites using code

blocks.

Customize Sprites 4
Options to Customize Sprites
scratch.mit.edu

EDIT THE COSTUME IN THE PAINT EDITOR

Rotate with Select Recolor with Fill Resize with Select

ADJUST THE SPRITE WITH CODE

Experiment!

Do you notice any

differences between
using these code blocks
to adjust a sprite versus
using the Paint Editor
tools above?

What happens if you

use both methods?
 Create a Sprite by
Remixing

● Remixing parts of existing sprites could

make creating a new unique sprite faster
and easier.
● The sprite library contains a mix of bitmap
and vector sprites. You can remix and
re-imaging either type of sprite, but for this
exercise, we are going to focus on vector
sprites because they are easier to edit and
customize, mix and match.
Sprite remix examples by algorithmar, bgordi0077, RealAimkidBunni,
and Chumie.

Create a Sprite by Remixing 5

Create a Sprite by Remixing
scratch.mit.edu

Choose two or more vector sprites

with elements you like. Remember,
some sprites have multiple costumes
with elements/poses.

Recolor with Fill Resize with Select Use Reshape

 Bring Your Drawings
into Scratch

You can upload an original hand-drawn image

or photograph to create a sprite. Keep in mind:
● You can choose a JPG, PNG, or SVG file.
● Keep each of your files under 10MB.
● Do not upload materials under copyright.
● Be sure that your upload follows the
Community Guidelines and does not
reveal personal information (like a photo
with your face).
Sprite example drawings by algorithmar’s two daughters.

Bring Your Drawings In 6

Bring Your Drawings In
scratch.mit.edu

Options to Remove the Background:

● Before you upload the file, use online tools or

software

● Use the tools in the Scratch Paint Editor after a

file has been uploaded

○ In bitmap-mode, use the eraser tool to remove

the image background or other pieces you don’t
want from your image.

○ You’ll know you are in bitmap-mode when you

see the “Convert to Vector” button at the bottom
of the screen.

● You can choose to convert it to vector when done

using the “Convert to vector” button to more easily
rotate or resize, if desired.
 Animate Your Sprite

There are many ways you might choose to

animate your character. For instance:
● Try moving or gliding your character to a
new location.
● Try changing the direction of the character
to tilt back and forth.
● Or try adding additional costume drawings
to change the position of certain elements
and create movement as costumes are
changed. Flip this card over for more.

Animate Your Sprite 7

Animate Your Sprite
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY
Duplicate Use the select tool,
your sprite then click and drag on
costume on the canvas to select
the costume multiple items.
tab.
(Right click, Try rotating and moving
Duplicate.) incrementally.

ADD CODE
There are many ways to animate.
Try looping through the costumes.
 Code Your Sprite

Click the Code tab, then try adding a few

blocks! A great place to find tips for getting
started, tutorials, Scratch Coding Cards, and
more is the Scratch Ideas page
(scratch.mit.edu/ideas). Try:
● using blocks to hear or see what you want
to say on the stage
● adding text or custom backgrounds
● using motion blocks to give the sprite
movement
● using event blocks (like “broadcast” or
“when clicked”) to trigger action or make
the project interactive.

Code Your Sprite 8

Code Your Sprite
scratch.mit.edu

BLOCKS TO
TRY
 Create an Asset Pack

Assets, in Scratch, can include:

● sprites
● costumes
● sounds
● backdrops
● code snippets

An asset pack is a collection of assets related

to a specific theme, project type, cultural
event, cultural symbols or customs,
geographical region, or idea.
Asset Pack example made by STEAM for Vietnam.

Create an Asset Pack 9

 Create an Asset Pack
● Name your sprite and costumes with
something descriptive.
● Consider creating multiple costumes for
your sprite to show animation or variation.
● Consider adding at least one related
sound for each sprite you create. Upload
a sound or create an original sound by
recording yourself, or noises in your
environment.
● When creating an asset pack to share, we
recommend creating your backdrop as a
sprite instead, for easy backpacking or
exporting.
● If you did not make a sound or an image
yourself or you remixed someone else’s
creation, it is important to provide credit
in the Notes and Credits section.

Create an Asset Pack 9

 Collaborate:
Export or Backpack

Options:
● Export a sprite, costume, or sound:
Right-click the asset. Choose “export.” To
add the asset to a project, choose the
upload option in the sprite, costume, or
sound menu to upload from your files.
● Backpack a sprite, costume, or sound:
You must be logged in to access the
backpack at the bottom of the editor
screen. Click it to open the backpack and
drag-and-drop a sprite, costume, or
sound inside. To add the asset to a
different project, open the backpack and
drag-and-drop the asset into the sprite,
costume, or sound area.

Export or Backpack 10
 Collaborate: Remix

Scratch embraces remix culture. Remixing is

when you build upon someone else’s projects,
code, ideas, images, or anything else shared
on Scratch to make your own unique creation.
When remixing an asset, make changes like:
● adding code to animate the asset
● placing it in a new scene with other
assets or add related sounds
● using the tools in the paint or sound
editor to make adjustments to it
● adding additional elements you felt were
missing
Just make sure that you give credit to
whomever created the original asset in the
Notes and Credits section.

Remix 10
 Sound and Music
Cards

Make some noise while exploring the sound

and music extension blocks in Scratch.

scratch.mit.edu Set of 15 cards

 Cards in This Pack
● Sound Blocks
● Pitch and Volume
● Loudness
● Create a Face Sensing Sound Board
● Music Extension Blocks
● Alternative Pianos
● Makey Makey Foil Piano
● Make or Re-Create a Song
● My Block: Music
● Musical List
● Generate a Melody: Repeat through a List
● From the earlier card sets:
○ Animate a Drum
○ Surprise Song
○ Play the Drums (video sensing)
○ Squeak (using the micro:bit)

scratch.mit.edu Set of 15 cards

 Sound Blocks

● Click on a sprite or the backdrop and select

the “Sounds” tab. Hover over the Sounds
menu at the bottom of the tab, and select
“Choose a Sound,” “Record,” or “Upload
Sound.”
● Rules for uploaded sounds:
○ You can choose a MP3 or WAV file.
○ Please keep each of your files under 10MB.
○ Do not upload materials under copyright.
○ Uploads must follow the Community
Guidelines.

Sound Blocks 1
Sound Blocks
scratch.mit.edu

1. Explore the difference between “start sound” and “play

sound until done.” Try each in a “forever” loop or add
another block, like a “say” block, after the sound block
to see the difference. Note when the script moves to the
next block after the sound block.

2. Try using the sound editor tools to make edits, like

shortening the length or adjusting the volume or adding
an effect like fade in and out or reversing it.

3. Check out our starter project “DJ Scratch Cat”

(scratch.mit.edu/projects/11640429). Explore and remix
this project to think about how to pair sounds or layer
sounds to create something new.
 Pitch and Volume

● One way is to customize sounds is to use the

sound editor tools to make edits, Another way
to customize and manipulate sound in
Scratch is via code blocks.
● Explore blocks in the Sounds category that
can set or change the pitch or the volume.
There are also blocks to stop all sounds
currently playing or clear sound effects, like
pitch. How might you use such blocks in a
project?

Pitch and Volume 2

Pitch and Volume
scratch.mit.edu

1. You could give users control over hearing or muting

continuous background sound in a project. There are a
number of ways to approach this. Here is one to try:

2. Or add emotion and excitement to a game by playing

with the pitch of a sound. Check out our starter project
“Catch the Fish, Increase the Pitch” (scratch.mit.edu/
projects/1106268602). Explore and remix this project.

Notice as you
click on all 30 fish
that the music
gets higher in
pitch creating a
feeling of urgency.
How can sound
add an emotional
component to a
project?
 Loudness

● Did you know there is also a “loudness”

reporter block under the Sensing category
that records the “loudness” of the noise that a
microphone receives, on a scale of 0 to 100,
to control things in Scratch?
● You must enable your microphone in the
browser (nothing will be recorded or stored).
● How could you use this in a project? Try
using it in the “set size” block inside a
“forever” loop. Then, make some noise!

Loudness 3
Loudness
scratch.mit.edu

1. Check out our starter projects “Sound Graph”

(scratch.mit.edu/projects/1105532968) and
“SoundFlower” (scratch.mit.edu/projects/1111537402).

2. Explore! See how singing, playing music, or just making

fun noises at different volumes creates an effect.

3. Remix and change the sprites, or adjust the numbers to

see the effects.

How might you create

an interactive art piece
to accompany a musical
performance?
Create a Face Sensing
Sound Board

● Go to lab.scratch.mit.edu/face.
● Choose a variety of fun sounds or
record your own and code a sound
board. Or code effects controlled by
your face.
● Optional: On the Face Sensing
homepage, click on the “Sound
Board” starter project to experiment
with the sprites and sample code.

Sound Board 4
Sound Board
lab.scratch.mit.edu/face

GET READY

Choose a sound
from the sound
library for each
Choose a few sprite, or record
sprites, or Sound 1
your own.
draw your
own.

ADD CODE

1. Add code to each sprite to play a sound, change an

effect, or perform another animation when parts of your
face touch them.

2. Try adding multiple sounds to a sprite. Use the “pick

random” operator so each time is a surprise.
Music Extension Blocks

● Add the Music extension by clicking on the

extension menu in the lower-left corner of the
project editor and choosing “Music.”
● The beat or BPM (beats per minute) is a basic
rhythmic unit of a measure. You can make the
beat faster or slower by changing the number
in that input bubble.
● A standard tempo is 60 BPM, which means
one beat will be played each second. What
happens if you create a sequence of “play
note” blocks and use the same beat but
change the tempo?

Music Extension Blocks 5

Music Extension Blocks
scratch.mit.edu

1. Check out our starter project “Piano”

(scratch.mit.edu/projects/1106245381).
We’ve set up a basic piano using the
“play note _ for _ beats” block.

2. Click in the note input bubble to see the piano keys that
appear so that you can choose a note attached to a
number.

3. Adjust the beat using different numbers and test the

difference.

4. Try changing the instrument, either via the slider we

have provided or by changing the script. Note that
changing the instrument on one sprite does not change
it for all sprites in a project, so you could have a
separate instrument for each key. How does using a
variable make it easier to adjust the instrument for all
keys at once?

5. In your remix,
you could change
what the piano
looks like, add
computer keyboard
shortcuts, change
the tempo, or add
higher and lower
notes.
 Alternative Pianos

● What about creating an alternate piano

keyboard? For instance, you could use video
motion or the position of the mouse to play
notes.
● You could also make your piano keyboard
more accessible by adding visual effects
when notes play for those hard of hearing or
deaf. By making your musical projects visual
as well as audio, more people can experience
them, or experience them in different ways.

Alternative Pianos 6
Alternative Pianos
scratch.mit.edu

1. Check out our starter project “Musical Buttons using

Video” (scratch.mit.edu/projects/1105110383).

2. Check out our starter project “Musical Droplets”

(scratch.mit.edu/projects/1111576868) that uses mouse
y-position.

3. Check out our starter project “Drum Sequencer”

(scratch.mit.edu/projects/1111562971) where the user
creates the beat. The starter project uses sounds from
the library, but you could experiment with additional
drum sounds by using the “play drum _ for _ beats”
block from the music extension.
Makey Makey Foil Piano

You can make a physical piano with some foil and

a Makey Makey (see our Makey Makey Coding
Cards for more information).
Instructions:

1. Connect one alligator clip to EARTH and

various alligator clips to multiple keyboard
keys, which will represent various musical
notes.
2. Code a project so key presses play different
notes.
3. Use foil, bananas, Play-doh, or other
conductive materials as external keys.

Makey Makey Foil Piano 7

Makey Makey Foil Piano
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose any sprite Keyboard Optional: add the

or draw your own. Music Extension.

ADD CODE AND TEST

Select note sounds in the Sound

library to play when different
keyboard keys are pressed.

Or add the Music Extension and

You can use either the “when
select notes to play when different
[space] key pressed” block under
keyboard keys are pressed. Notes
the Events category or the blocks
can be customized for beat count
in the Makey Makey Extension.
and instrument.

Close the circuit to register each

keyboard press by touching EARTH and
a keyboard input.
 Make or Re-Create
a Song

● Think about the structure of a piece of music.

Typically there are verses and choruses that
are repeated throughout the song.
● You can use the music or sound blocks to
compose your own original composition or
recreate a song!
● Are you creating a song with a simple
melody, or are you creating chords and
layering sounds? There are different
approaches you can try using sound blocks
and instrument sounds from the library or
music blocks. Experiment!

Make or Re-Create a Song 8

Make or Re-Create a Song
scratch.mit.edu

Here is an example of two different ways to create a

melody. How to choose? Explore which instruments are
available in the sound library vs the music blocks. Think
about how much control you need over the beat.

Are you creating chords/layering sounds or notes to play

at the same time? Here is an example of two different
ways.
 My Block: Music

● You can use music blocks from the Music

extension to create a song in Scratch.
● Rather than write the same sequence of
notes over and over when they repeat in
your song, you can place those notes in a
My Block and simply call that block each
time you need it, for instance each time a
chorus is called.

My Block: Music 9
My Block: Music
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose any Add Music

Keyboard
sprite. extension.

ADD CODE

1. Compose the sections of your song. You can create

multiple My Blocks for different sections/parts.

2. My Blocks can also be placed within other My Blocks to

further simplify the code.

3. Use My Blocks in the main program, along with repeat

blocks (if applicable) to compose a whole song. Set the
instrument and the tempo.
 Musical List

● You can use a predefined list to

determine animation.
● Try creating a melody project, storing
song notes in a list that creates a
musical score that can be played.
● As a bonus, you can use the Pen
extension to stamp notes on a scale
and produce a visual representation of
your musical score.

Musical List 10
Musical List
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Add the Music Choose any

Keyboard
extension. sprite.

ADD CODE
1. Create a list. Add song
notes to the list via the
stage monitor (add rows
manually and type note
numbers in) or by using
the “add to [list]” block.

You can find note

numbers by clicking on
the input of the “play
note” music block.

2. Write a script to play

each note on the list by
item number, or let the
program pick the note
to play randomly.

See the next card to learn how to create a “counter” variable

to automate moving/repeating through the list in order.
 Generate a Melody:
Repeat through a List

● While there is no “next item of list” block,

you can create a script that loops through
the items of a list in order.
The ability to automate moving or
repeating through a list can speed up
your coding process and make editing
scripts quicker.
● This can be useful if you want to add
items of a list together, speak or say
items in a list, etc.

Generate a Melody 11
Generate a Melody
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Create a Create a
list. variable.

ADD CODE
Step through the code on the card front to see what it does:
1. Changes the “counter” variable (that stores a number
to represent an item number on the list) by one.

2. Plays the note number associated with that item

number (the number entered on that line of the list).
Note: This is why it is important to first set “counter”
to zero first each time the program runs.

3. Repeat as many times as there are

rows in the list/for the length of the list.
 Animate a Drum

Switch between costumes to animate.

Make Music 12
Animate a Drum
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Click the Costumes

tab to see the
costumes.
Choose You can use the paint
Drum Conga
a drum. tools to change colors.

ADD THIS CODE

Click the Code tab.

Choose a sound
from the menu.

TRY IT
Press the left arrow key on your keyboard.
 Surprise Song

Play a random sound from a list of sounds.

Make Music 13
Surprise Song
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Click the sounds tab to see how many

sounds are in your instrument.

Choose and instrument,

like Guitar.

Guitar

ADD THIS CODE

Click the Code tab.

Choose right arrow .

Insert a pick random

block.

Type the number of sounds in your

instrument.

TRY IT
Press the right arrow key.
 Play the Drums

Interact with sprites that play sounds.

Video Sensing 14
Play the Drums
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Drum Drum-cymbal

Click the Extensions Choose two sprites,

button, then choose Video like Drum and Drum-cymbal.
Sensing .

ADD THIS CODE

Click on a drum to select it, then add its code.

Drum Drum-cymbal

Type a minus sign to get Choose a different costume.

smaller.

TRY IT
Use your hands to play the drums!
 Squeak A

Make a sound when you

shake the micro:bit.

micro:bit 15
Squeak A

scratch.mit.edu/microbit B

GET READY

Monkey

Choose a sprite, like

Monkey.

ADD THIS CODE

Monkey

TRY IT

Shake the Click the stop sign

micro:bit to start. to reset the pitch.

TIP

You can click the Sounds tab to Click this button to add a sound
view your character's sounds. from the Sound library.
 Conditional
Statements

Create dynamic programs that are interactive

or offer multiple outcomes

scratch.mit.edu Set of 9 cards

 Cards in This Pack
● Fish Game: Code the Fish
● Different Code, Similar Results
● Conditional Statements: “If Then”
● Conditional Statements: “Until”
● Operators in Conditional
Statements
● Fish Game: Nested Condtional
Statements
● Nested Conditional Statements
● Create a Maze Game
● Create a Math Game

scratch.mit.edu Set of 9 cards

Fish Game: Code the Fish

● Have you ever wanted to create a Scratch

program that is interactive or offers
multiple outcomes? Let’s create a fish
game that the user can interact with, and
code different animations triggered by
conditional statements.
● First, let’s code a sprite to be controlled by
the user’s mouse. Then, use a conditional
statement to trigger costume changes
when sprites touch.
● See additional cards to code other sprites
and trigger additional animations.

Fish Game: Code the Fish 1

Fish Game: Code the Fish
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose two Fish and Choose any

sprites. Pufferfish backdrop. Underwater

ADD CODE

1. Add code to make the fish

continuously follow your
mouse.

2. Create an additional
costume for the fish that
will show when it touches
the pufferfish. You can
duplicate and edit the fish
costume to show stars or
a funny face, etc.

3. Create a second script

that uses a conditional
statement to make the fish
change costumes when it
touches the pufferfish.
Test and debug!
 Different Code,
Similar Results

● There is often more than one

solution/more than one way to code a
program to get a similar result.
● Experiment with using different types of
conditional statements (like “wait until”
versus “if then else”). What differences, if
any, do you notice?

Fish Game: Code the Fish 2

Different Code, Similar Results
scratch.mit.edu

COMPARE CODE
1. The first code stack
on the right is the
code tried on the
“Fish Game: Code
the Fish” card.

2. Compare it to the
second code stack
below that uses an “if
than else” statement
instead of a “wait
until” conditional
statement. What is
the same and what is
different?

3. Test each code stack.

Make the fish touch
the pufferfish and
then move it away
quickly, what do you
observe happening?

4. Experiment and
customize! What
solution works best
for your game?
Conditional Statements:
“If Then”

CONDITION

Boolean blocks that report "true" or "false" are

used in conditional statement blocks. Try using:
● user actions, such as pressing keyboard
keys or mouse positioning or clicking
● sprite interactions (touching another sprite),
comparisons (distance between sprites), and
touching colors of sprites or backdrops
● data input by users, data stored in variables
and lists, or data stored in reporter blocks

“If Then” Conditional 3

Conditional Statements: “If Then”
scratch.mit.edu

Experiment with “if (something) is true or false then”

conditional statement blocks. What is the difference
between these scripts below?
IF THEN

IF THEN ELSE

Try different conditions and customize the results. What is

the difference if the condition block is not in a forever loop?
Conditional Statements:
“Until”

CONDITION

Boolean blocks that report "true" or "false" are

used in conditional statement blocks. Try using:
● user actions, such as pressing keyboard
keys or mouse positioning or clicking
● sprite interactions (touching another sprite),
comparisons (distance between sprites), and
touching colors of sprites or backdrops
● data input by users, data stored in variables
and lists, or data stored in reporter blocks

“Until” Conditional 4
Conditional Statements: “Until”
scratch.mit.edu

Experiment with “until (something) is true or false”

conditional statement blocks. What is the difference
between these scripts below?

WAIT UNTIL

REPEAT UNTIL

Try different conditions and customize the results. What is

the difference if the condition block is inside a forever loop?
Operators in Conditional
Statements

Using operators in conditional statements with

sensing blocks or reporter blocks can give you
a wider range of conditions to choose from.
Scratch comes with some built-in reporter
blocks that store information, like the x or y
position of a sprite, the volume in the project,
the sprite’s size, etc. Looks for these oval
blocks under a number of the block categories.

Operators in Conditions 5
Operators in Conditions
scratch.mit.edu

Experiment with
different operators in
your condition, such as:

“NOT” OPERATOR

COMPARISON OPERATORS

Try using “and” or “or.” What is the effect of two conditions

needing to be true, or multiple options that make it true?
 Fish Game: Nested
Conditional Statements

● Imagine a project where multiple effects

can be triggered based on the distance
between sprites, colors sprites are
touching, or other conditions.
● Nested conditional statements are where
one conditional statement is placed inside
another. Use them to add additional
complexity to your program.
● You could use nested statements to add
scoring, or use color as another condition.

Fish Game: Nested Condition 6

Fish Game: Nested Condition
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose two Fish and Choose any

sprites. Pufferfish backdrop. Underwater

ADD CODE
1. Add an “if then else” block to the pufferfish so it changes
costumes when it touches the fish.
2. Try nesting another “if then else”
statement inside the first. Add a
condition like “if the distance to the
Fish is less than 150 pixels then…”

3. Choose a third costume

to change to when the
fish is close.

Test the code.

What is the
difference if the
sequence is
reversed and it
checks the
distance first?
 Nested Conditional
Statements

CONDITION 1

CONDITION 2

Nested conditional statements are where one

conditional statement is placed inside another.
The first condition is checked and, depending
on if it is true or false, the program may then
move forward to check the nested condition
inside.
This means that the sequence of the nested
statements is important.

Nested Conditional 7
Nested Conditional Statements
scratch.mit.edu

Experiment with nested conditional statements using two or

more “until (something) is true or false” or “if (something) is
true or false then” conditional statement blocks.
GET READY

Choose two
sprites. Cat Dog2

ADD CODE

These code stacks use the same blocks. The difference is

the sequence (which conditional statement is nested). Code
each sprite with a different stack. Click the mouse when
touching each sprite and when not touching each sprite.
What differences do you notice? Customize and experiment!
 Create a Maze Game

● Use the line tool to create maze walls with

color. Use the “touching color” condition
to stop sprite movement through the
walls. To select the
color, use the eyedropper tool.
● Make sure your sprite can fit through all
passages and around all corners.
● Bonus: Try using another conditional
statement to code a winning animation
when the end is reached!

Create a Maze Game 8

Create a Maze Game
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY
Create maze
backdrops
using the
Choose any paint editor
sprite. Cat
line tool.

ADD CODE
1. Add code to move the
sprite up and down when
arrow keys are pressed
by changing y, and move
left and right by changing
x. Use positive and
negative numbers.

2. Add an “if then”

conditional statement to
reverse the move if
touching the maze wall
color.

3. If necessary, add code to

change maze backdrops.
You could add a sprite at maze end and use a conditional
statement to change the backdrop when touched.
 Create a Math Game

● Choose addition, subtraction, division, or

multiplication questions to ask a user.
● Use a conditional statement to check the
answer given, and have the program
respond differently if the answer is correct
or incorrect.
● Use a score variable to record points.
● Bonus: Try using My Blocks to make your
program more efficient to write and edit.

Create a Math Game 9

Create a Math Game
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Create a
“score”
Choose any variable
sprite. Frank

ADD CODE
1. Use the ask block to ask
a math question.

2. Add an “if then else”

conditional statement
block. Then, use an
equals operator block to
set the condition to
“answer” equals the
correct answer.

3. Add blocks to say

“Correct” if the answer is
correct, else “Wrong.”
Customize with sounds or
other effects.

4. Use variable blocks to set

and change the score.
Variables and Lists

Store and recall information to create

customized animations, stories, and games

scratch.mit.edu Set of 6 cards

 Cards in This Pack
● Reporter Blocks in Scratch
● Brightness Slider
● Interactive Storytelling
● Musical List
● Generate a Melody: Repeat
through a List
● Generate a Sum: Repeat through
a List
Perhaps you have used a variable to store a game
score, but did you know a variable can hold numbers
or text (also known as a “string”)? See these cards for
examples of non-score uses for variables and lists.
See our in-editor tutorials or other coding cards for
instructions on how to set up a basic score.

scratch.mit.edu Set of 6 cards

 Reporter Blocks
in Scratch

● Variables and lists hold information you

can use in your program, but Scratch
comes with some built-in reporter blocks
that also store information.
● Unlike a stack block, reporter blocks go
inside another block to serve as an input.
● You can click on a reporter block in the
block palette or in the script area to see
the piece of data it currently holds or the
value it reports. Or check a box next to
many of these reporter blocks to display
them on the stage via a stage monitor.

Reporter Blocks 1
Reporter Blocks in Scratch
scratch.mit.edu

EXPERIMENT WITH SOME REPORTERS

When you use the “ask”

block to pose a question to
a user, the answer they
enter into the dialogue box
is stored in a reporter block
called “answer.”

The “volume” reporter block

stores the number
representing the current
volume of the sprite, clone,
or stage.

You can use reporter blocks

that store the position,
direction, and size of sprites
to perform calculations or
mirror properties.
 Brightness Slider

● Scratch comes with some built-in reporter

blocks that store information, but what if
you want to store and recall information for
which there is no reporter block, like the
sprite color or brightness?
● Let’s create a project where a variable
controls the brightness of the sprite.
● And let’s put the power in the hands of
users, by letting them control the value in
the variable with a slider.

Brightness Slider 2
Brightness Slider
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Create a
variable Right-click its
called stage monitor
“brightness.” and make the
readout a slider.

ADD CODE
1. Create a short
script that sets the
“brightness”
variable to 0.

2. Then, have the

program forever
set the brightness
effect to the
number in the
“brightness”
variable. Test it out!

3. Try adding code to

make another
sprite or the
backdrop have the
opposite effect.
Interactive Storytelling

● You can pass information to a variable or

list by clicking or moving a sprite, adjusting
a slider, via code blocks, and more!
● You can also pass information from one
reporter block, variable, or list to another.
This could be helpful because variables
and reporter blocks can only hold one
piece of information at a time.
● Let’s create a project that collects the
user’s answers to multiple questions, and
repeats them back in the form of a story!

Interactive Storytelling 3
Interactive Storytelling
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Create
multiple
variables. Choose any
sprite. Cat

ADD CODE
1. Create individual variables
for each answer you are
collecting. The “answer”
reporter block can only
hold one piece of data at a
time, so use the “set
[variable] to” block to pass
the “answer” into a
variable for storage after
each related question is
asked.

2. Use a “say” block and a “join” block to weave each

answer stored in a variable into a story sentence.

Alternative: Store and retrieve answers from a list!

 Musical List

● You can use a predefined list to

determine animation.
● Try creating a melody project, storing
song notes in a list that create a
musical score that can be played.
● As a bonus, you can use the Pen
extension to stamp notes on a scale
and produce a visual representation of
your musical score.

Musical List 4
Musical List
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Add the Music Choose any

Keyboard
extension. sprite.

ADD CODE
1. Create a list. Add song
notes to the list via the
stage monitor (add rows
manually and type note
numbers in) or by using
the “add to [list]” block.

You can find note

numbers by clicking on
the input of the “play
note” music block.

2. Write a script to play

each note on the list by
item number, or let the
program pick the note
to play randomly.

See the next card to learn how to create a “counter” variable

to automate moving/repeating through the list in order.
 Generate a Melody:
Repeat through a List

● While there is no “next item of list” block,

you can create a script that loops through
the items of a list in order.
The ability to automate moving or
repeating through a list can speed up
your coding process and make editing
scripts quicker.
● This can be useful if you want to add
items of a list together, speak or say
items in a list, etc.

Generate a Melody 5
Generate a Melody
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Create a Create a
list. variable.

ADD CODE
Step through the code on the card front to see what it does:
1. Changes the “counter” variable (that stores a number
to represent an item number on the list) by one.

2. Plays the note number associated with that item

number (the number entered on that line of the list).
Note: This is why it is important to first set “counter”
to zero first each time the program runs.

3. Repeat as many times as there are

rows in the list/for the length of the list.
 Generate a Sum:
Repeat through a List

● While there is no “next item of list” block,

you can create a script that loops through
the items of a list in order.
The ability to automate moving or
repeating through a list can speed up
your coding process and make editing
scripts quicker.
● This can be useful if you want to add
items of a list together, speak or say
items in a list, etc.

Generate a Sum 6
Generate a Sum
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Create a Create two

list. variables.

ADD CODE
Step through the code on the card front to see what it does:
1. Changes the “i” variable (that stores a number to
represent an item number on the list) by one.

2. Adds the amount associated with that item number

(the number entered on that line of the list) to the value
already stored in the “sum” variable, creating a new
“sum” value. Note: This is why it is important to set
“sum” and “i” to zero first each time the program runs.

3. Repeat for the length of the list.

 My Blocks

Explore procedures/routines and

modularizing your code for effeciency

scratch.mit.edu Set of 6 cards

 Cards in This Pack
● Create a My Block
● My Block: Fade In and Out
● My Block: Music
● My Block with Parameters:
Speak and Say
● My Block with Parameters: Move,
Move
● My Block vs Broadcast

scratch.mit.edu Set of 6 cards

 Create a My Block

● Click on the “Make a block” button under

the “My Blocks” category.
● Give your block any name you want, but it
is best if it is a descriptive name so you
can recall later what the block does.
● For a basic block, once you’ve provided a
name, simply click “OK.”
● For an advanced block, add any additional
inputs or labels needed.
● You can always edit blocks later.

Create a My Block 1
 ● Once a new block is created, a “define”
event handler block will appear on the
scripts area. Place all the blocks to
make up your steps (procedure) under it.
● Once defined, you can use your custom
block in your main program.
● Creating separate procedures as custom
blocks makes the code faster to write
and read, and easier or quicker to edit.
● Note: A custom block is specific to the
sprite where it was defined.

Create a My Block 1
 My Block:
Fade In and Out

● Say you are creating an animation and you

want a sprite to fade in and out as the
scene changes/change opacity (also
known as the “ghost” effect in Scratch).
● Rather than write the same steps over
multiple times in a program, you can place
those steps in a My Block and simply call
that block each time you need it.

My Block: Fade In and Out 2

My Block: Fade In and Out
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose any Choose any

sprite. Cat backdrop. Basketball

ADD CODE
1. Create a My Blocked called
something like “fade in and
out.”

2. Under the “define” block that

appears on the stage, add
steps to change the ghost
effect to 100, switch the
backdrop, and then change
the ghost effect to 0.

3. Use the My Block in your

main program each time you
want the sprite to
fade in and out and
the backdrop to
change.
 My Block: Music

● You can use music blocks from the Music

extension to create a song in Scratch.
● Rather than write the same sequence of
notes over and over when they repeat in
your song, you can place those notes in a
My Block and simply call that block each
time you need it, for instance each time a
chorus is called.

My Block: Music 3
My Block: Music
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose any Add Music

Keyboard
sprite. extension.

ADD CODE

1. Compose the sections of your song. You can create

multiple My Blocks for different sections/parts.

2. My Blocks can also be placed within other My Blocks to

further simplify the code.

3. Use My Blocks in the main program, along with repeat

blocks (if applicable) to compose a whole song. Set the
instrument and the tempo.
 My Block with
Parameters:
Speak and Say

● What if you want to perform the same

procedure (set of steps) each time the
custom block is called in the main
program, but with a small modification
each time (like the text shown or spoken)?
Create a My Block with parameters!
● With an input in place, the custom block
will use the parameter (the data provided
in the input bubble) when running.

My Block: Speak and Say 4

My Block with Parameters:
Speak and Say
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Add Text to
Choose any
Dragon Speech
sprite.
extension.

ADD CODE
1. Add an input when
creating your My Block.

2. When defining the block

steps, click on the input
label and drag it out to
place it in a code block. In
this case, add it to the first
“say” and “speak” blocks.

3. Now, when you use this

custom block in the main
program, you can see the
blank input bubble where
you can enter the
parameter. In this case,
the parameter is the text to
say and speak.
 My Block with
Parameters:
Move, Move

● What if you want to perform the same

procedure (set of steps) each time the
custom block is called in the main
program, but with a small modification
each time (like the sprites coordinates)?
Create a My Block with parameters!
● With an input in place, the custom block
will use the parameter (the data provided
in the input bubble) when running.

My Block: Move, Move 5

My Block with Parameters:
Move, Move
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose any Choose any

sprite. Cat backdrop. Baseball

ADD CODE
1. Add two inputs when
creating your My Block
(for x and y position). Add
a label (descriptive text)
between the inputs to help
you remember what each
input bubble is for when you
use it in your main program.

2. When defining the block steps, click on the

input label and drag it out to place it in a
code block. In this case, x and y position.
(Note, this My Block also sends a broadcast.)

3. Now, when you use this

custom block in the main
program, enter the new
parameters each time.
My Block vs Broadcast

● My Block: the program pauses and runs

through all the steps under the “define”
block before preceding.
● Broadcast: the program sends the
message and then proceeds with the next
steps in the program, so code sequences
may run simultaneously.
● Note: Unlike a broadcast that can be sent
globally between all sprites and
backdrops, a My Block is local, usable
only by the sprite it is defined on. The call
for the custom block isn’t received by any
other sprites, even if their custom block
has the same name.

My Block vs Broadcast 6
My Block vs Broadcast
scratch.mit.edu

EXPERIMENT
Try these two code sequence pairings to see the
difference between calling for a custom block and
calling for a broadcast.

What else could you try? Costume changes? Motion?

What if you used

“broadcast and wait”?
 Makey Makey
Cards

Make projects that connect to the

physical world with Makey Makey!

scratch.mit.edu Set of 5 cards

 Cards in This Pack

● Set Up Makey Makey

Try These Cards In Any Order:

● Electric High Five
● Makey Secret Code
● Foil Piano
● Art Comes Alive
Or combine with other cards like “Make It
Fly” to create an external keyboard to
control a game!

scratch.mit.edu Set of 5 cards

 Set Up Makey Makey

Instructions:

1. Plug the Makey Makey Board into

your computer using the provided
cable. You should see a light turn on
on the board to know it is connected
properly. (There is no need to install
drivers, etc.)
2. Open Scratch and create a new
project.

Makey Makey 1
3. Connect an alligator clip to any set of
holes along the “EARTH” strip on the
bottom of the board.
4. Connect an alligator clip to any of the
holes aligned with a keyboard key.
5. Create a script to run when that
keyboard key is pressed.
6. Close the circuit to make the program
register that keyboard key was pressed
by holding the metal part of each
alligator clip (key and EARTH).

Makey Makey 1
 Electric High Five

Instructions:

1. Connect one alligator clip to EARTH.

2. Connect a second alligator clip to a
keyboard key.
3. Have each person touch an alligator
clip and give a high five to close the
circuit and see the result!

Makey Makey 2
Electric High Five
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Find a
partner.
Choose any sprite. Pico Walking

ADD CODE AND TEST

Add code to One person holds the alligator

happen when the clip connected to the keyboard
keyboard key is key. The other holds the clip
pressed. connected to EARTH.

Now, give a high five to close the circuit

and run your code!
 Makey Secret Code

Instructions:

1. Use the blocks available under the

Makey Makey Extension.
2. Select a keyboard combination to
activate your secret code program.
3. Touch the alligator clips or connected
conductive objects in the right order
to close the circuit and see the result!

Makey Makey 3
Makey Secret Code
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose any sprite. Pico Walking Add the Makey Makey

Extension.

ADD CODE AND TEST

Choose the block combination to activate

your program, and write a script to run
when received.

Close the circuit to register

each keyboard press by
touching EARTH and each
keyboard input in order.

Debug your code and test the

conductivity of materials by
trying actual keyboard keys
versus the Makey Makey.
 Foil Piano

Instructions:

1. Connect one alligator clip to EARTH

and various alligator clips to multiple
keyboard keys, which will represent
various musical notes.
2. Code a project so key presses play
different notes.
3. Use foil, bananas, Play-doh, or other
conductive materials as external keys.

Makey Makey 4
Foil Piano
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose any sprite Keyboard Optional: add the

or draw your own. Music Extension.

ADD CODE AND TEST

Select note sounds in the Sound

library to play when different
keyboard keys are pressed.

Or add the Music Extension and

You can use either the “when
select notes to play when different
[space] key pressed” block under
keyboard keys are pressed. Notes
the Events category or the blocks
can be customized for beat count
in the Makey Makey Extension.
and instrument.

Close the circuit to register each

keyboard press by touching EARTH and
a keyboard input.
 Art Comes Alive

Instructions:

1. Create a drawing, informational sheet,

poem, or poster you want to connect
to the digital space.
2. Use a graphite pencil, foil, conductive
tape, or conductive paint to create
connection points with pieces.
3. Use Makey Makey and Scratch to
provide additional information when
participants interact with your work.

Makey Makey 5
Art Comes Alive
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Create your
drawing.
Choose any sprite. Pico Walking

ADD CODE AND TEST

Connect different pieces of your

drawing to alligator clips. Make
sure the conductive pieces don’t
overlap, so only one key is
registered as pressed at a time.

Don’t forget to connect EARTH.

Add code to play a sound (like a

recording of your voice) or have your
sprite say something when different
pieces of the drawing are touched.
 Bring Yourself
Into Scratch:
Sharing Identity,
Voice & Creativity

Explore creating and animating an

original Scratch sprite

scratch.mit.edu Set of 7 cards

 Cards in This Pack
● “About Me” Brainstorm
● Design Your Sprite
● Using the Paint Editor
● Code the Sprite (fewer blocks; for
Grades 3-5 or new Scratchers)
● Code the Sprite (additional
blocks; for Grades 5+ or
experienced Scratchers)
● Create an Asset Pack
● Collaborate: Export or Backpack /
Collaborate: Remix

scratch.mit.edu Set of 7 cards

“About Me” Brainstorm
● What is your favorite activity or hobby?
Or is there an activity that is particular to
the region where you live?
● What is your favorite family or community
tradition?
● What food is important to you or your
culture? Or is there a food that is
particular to the region where you live?
● Do you have a family pet? Or are there
native animals or plants that have special
meaning to you or your culture?
● Is there an item of dress that has
significance in your family, culture, or the
region where you live?
● Who/what is your favorite book
character?

Brainstorm 1
“About Me” Brainstorm
● Is there an important landmark, style of
architecture, or landscape feature that
has meaning to you or the region where
you live?
● How do you get from place to place? Is
there a mode of transport that is unique
or significant to your culture or the region
where you live?
● What other items unique to your
community, culture, language, or location
would be fun to animate in Scratch or
share with your peers?

Now, it is time to pick one idea to turn into a

unique asset (a character or a “sprite” in
Scratch).

Brainstorm 1
 Design Your Sprite

Options:
● Create a sprite using the Scratch
paint editor tools.
● Hand-draw: Create a hand-drawn
image to scan/photograph and upload
as a sprite.
● Remix: Mix, match, and edit desired
pieces of vector sprites already in the
Scratch Library, as well as add missing
elements with shape and line tools.
Sprite examples by pondermake, SaffronChai, Chumie, algorithmar,
and watse166.

Design Your Sprite 2

 Design Your Sprite

● There are two modes for using the

paint editor in Scratch:
○ Vector-mode allows you to create
and edit shapes (Scratch default).
○ Bitmap-mode allows you to edit
photos and paint with pixels.
● We recommend using vector-mode, as
it allows other users to make
adjustments and add and remove
elements if they remix your creations.

Design Your Sprite 2

Using the Paint Editor
scratch.mit.edu

TOOLS TO TRY

Click and drag with the Line, Circle, or Rectangle tools to create a
shape. Hold down the Shift key while dragging to create equal sides,
or 45 and 90 degree angles with lines.

Using the Select tool, select a shape and click and drag one of the
corner points to resize it.

To rotate a shape once you’ve made it, use the Select tool to grab the
anchor under the shape and drag it. Hold down the Shift key while
dragging to rotate at 45 degree angles.

Using the Reshape tool, click on one of the points of a shape and
move the point around to alter the shape. Click + Shift key to select
and move multiple points at once.

Using the Reshape tool, click on a part of the shape that doesn’t have
a point to add a new point, or click on a point and press “Delete” to
remove a point.

Paint Editor 3
Using the Paint Editor
scratch.mit.edu

Using the Reshape tool, click on a point and choose whether it is

curved or pointed. Click on a point and drag rotate the handles
attached to the point to alter the shape of a curve.

Using the Select tool, select a shape and click the buttons on the top
menu to copy and paste a duplicate.

Using the Select tool, select a shape and click the flip horizontal or flip
vertical buttons on the top menu to flip a shape.

Using the Select tool, select a shape and click the Forward, Backward,
Front, or Back buttons to change the layer order.

Select the fill from the dropdown and use the fill (paint bucket) tool to
adjust a shape’s color. Or using the Select tool, select a shape and
then use the Fill and Outline dropdowns to adjust the color,
saturation, brightness, and outline. You can also choose to use a
gradient. Use the eyedropper to select a color from another shape.
Use the red strikethrough to fill with no color.

Using the select tool and holding down the “Shift” key, select multiple
shapes to group them (helpful to move several shapes together).

Use the brush tool for freehand line drawing. The example to the right
shows hand drawn whiskers.

Use the eraser tool to remove parts of the drawing from all shapes
and layers it comes into contact with when clicking and dragging. You
can use the reshape tool to then adjust the new points created.

The text tool comes with a dropdown list of font options to choose
from, and Fill and Outline dropdowns to change text color and outline.
 Code Your Sprite

Communicate to a viewer why you chose to

create this asset/this sprite.

Options:

● Write text on the screen using the text

tool in the paint editor
● Record your voice and use a block to
play the sound
● Have the sprite talk
Project example is a remix of an original project by cantalloupe.

Code Your Sprite 4

Code Your Sprite
scratch.mit.edu

BLOCKS TO TRY

Animate your original sprite. Options include:

● using blocks to hear or see what you want to say on the stage

● adding text or custom backgrounds

● using motion blocks to give the sprite movement

Code Your Sprite 4

 Code Your Sprite

Communicate to a viewer why you chose to

create this asset/this sprite.

Options:

● Write text on the screen using the text

tool in the paint editor
● Record your voice and use a block to
play the sound
● Have the sprite talk
Project example is a remix of an original project by cantalloupe.

Code Your Sprite 5

Code Your Sprite
scratch.mit.edu

BLOCKS TO TRY

Animate your original sprite, along with one or more other sprites, in a digital
collage. Use motion blocks and event blocks (like “broadcast” or “when
clicked”) to trigger action or make the project interactive.

Code Your Sprite 5

 Create an Asset Pack

Assets, in Scratch, can include:

● sprites
● costumes
● sounds
● backdrops
● code snippets

An asset pack is a collection of assets related

to a specific theme, project type, cultural
event, cultural symbols or customs,
geographical region, or idea.
Asset Pack example made by STEAM for Vietnam.

Asset Pack 6
 Create an Asset Pack
● Name your sprite and costumes with
something descriptive.
● Consider creating multiple costumes for
your sprite to show animation or variation.
● Consider adding at least one related
sound for each sprite you create. Upload
a sound or create an original sound by
recording yourself, or noises in your
environment.
● When creating an asset pack to share, we
recommend creating your backdrop as a
sprite instead, for easy backpacking or
exporting.
● If you did not make a sound or an image
yourself or you remixed someone else’s
creation, it is important to provide credit
in the Notes and Credits section.

Asset Pack 6
 Collaborate:
Export or Backpack

Options:
● Export a sprite, costume, or sound:
Right-click the asset. Choose “export.” To
add the asset to a project, choose the
upload option in the sprite, costume, or
sound menu to upload from your files.
● Backpack a sprite, costume, or sound:
You must be logged in to access the
backpack at the bottom of the editor
screen. Click it to open the backpack and
drag-and-drop a sprite, costume, or
sound inside. To add the asset to a
different project, open the backpack and
drag-and-drop the asset into the sprite,
costume, or sound area.

Export or Backpack 7
 Collaborate: Remix

Scratch embraces remix culture. Remixing is

when you build upon someone else’s projects,
code, ideas, images, or anything else shared
on Scratch to make your own unique creation.
When remixing an asset, make changes like:
● adding code to animate the asset
● placing it in a new scene with other
assets or add related sounds
● using the tools in the paint or sound
editor to make adjustments to it
● adding additional elements you felt were
missing
Just make sure that you give credit to
whomever created the original asset in the
Notes and Credits section.

Remix 7
 Paper Planes,
Turtle Graphics, and
Computational
Concepts

Explore Decomposition and Sequencing

scratch.mit.edu Set of 5 cards

 Cards in This Pack

● Fold a Paper Plane /

Reflection
● Customize Your Plane /
Practice Decomposition
● Turtle Graphics /
Draw with a Virtual Pen
● Key Points /
Reflection
● Advanced Challenge /
Creating Patterns (Looping)

scratch.mit.edu Set of 5 cards

 Fold a Paper Plane

Instructions:

1. Fold the paper in half.

2. Unfold and then fold the top two
corners into the center line.
3. Repeat step one and fold the paper in
half again.

Paper Plane 1
 Reflection
● Does your plane fly? How far? What was
the flight path (straight, in a circle, up then
down)?
● Does the size of the paper matter? Does
the material (tissue paper, construction
paper, printer paper…) matter? Does the
condition of the paper matter (is it crisp or
wrinkled)? Experiment! Test different
materials and conditions and see the
results.
● Can you debug any issues? How could
the instructions be written in a different
way to help you achieve different results?
● What additional steps would you add to
make your plane fly straighter or fly
further?

Paper Plane 1
 Customize Your Plane

Options:

● Write a message on your paper plane.

What message would you share with
learners in a different part of the world
or with your future self or with a
classmate if you could throw your
plane far enough to reach them?
● Add designs, your name, characters,
etc., to help you identify your plane
among all the others.

Paper Plane 2
Practice Decomposition
Think of a simple activity you know how to do
well (kick a ball, make a food, go through a
morning routine, etc.) and write out the steps
to describe it to a computer. Share these steps
with a peer. Determine if they are ordered
correctly and clearly enough/contain enough
detail that one could follow without asking for
additional clarification.

Activity: _______________________________
Step 1: _________________________________
Step 2: _________________________________
Step 3: _________________________________
Step 4: _________________________________
Step 5: _________________________________

Decomposition 2
 Turtle Graphics

Instructions:

1. Look at these shapes and pick one to

recreate in Scratch.
2. Study your shape. Are the sides the
same length or different length? Are
the angles the same or different? Are
there any points where the steps
you’d take might be the same/repeat?

Turtle Graphics 3
Draw with a Virtual Pen
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Choose any sprite. Pico Walking Add Pen Extension.

ADD CODE

Position Sprite Blocks to Try

TRY IT
You don’t have to use all of these blocks, and you can use any of these blocks
as many times as you need. Create your script, test, and debug.
 Key Points

Remember:

1. Details matter.
2. Sequential order matters.
3. We can’t make assumptions about the
computer’s knowledge. A programmer
has to be very explicit in their
instructions.

Turtle Graphics 4
 Reflection
● Did your shape look as expected? If not,
can you spot the problem and debug?
● Do you need to slow down the action?
How can you use the wait block to help?
● Sequential order matters: Where have you
used blocks like erase all, pen up, and
pen down in your sequence? What
happens if you place these blocks at the
beginning or end of a sequence or in a
different order?
● There is often more than one solution or
path to accomplish a task. Compare your
code with other solutions drawing the
same shape (in pairs or a small group).
Was your solution similar or different?
Analyze the other solution(s) and discuss
why you chose the blocks you did.

Turtle Graphics 4
 Advanced Challenge

Options:

● Customize your shape using

additional blocks (such as set pen
size and color)
● Create a paper plane sprite or turtle
sprite by drawing one using the Paint
Editor tools
● Create a complex shape using a loop

Turtle Graphics 5
Creating Patterns
scratch.mit.edu

BLOCKS TO TRY

Select a “repeat” Select a block that sets or

block from the changes the pen size or color
Control category. from the Pen category.

CREATE YOUR CODE

Examine this example script:

What shape do you think the

interior repeat script makes?

A circle is 360 degrees. You

can use a math equation to
determine how many times to
repeat the shape and how
many degrees to turn. In this
script: 30 x 12 = 360.

What happens if you move

the “change pen color” block
inside the interior repeat
script?

Create your script, test, and

debug.
 Scratch and AI:
Face Sensing

Explore ways AI can be integrated into

Scratch projects on Scratch Lab

lab.scratch.mit.edu/face Set of 6 cards

 Cards in This Pack

● Try Out Face Sensing

● Create a Face Filter
● Create a Face Sensing
Game
● Create a Face Sensing
Sound Board
● Use Your Nose As a Pen
● Fool the AI /
Save Your Project

Or combine with other cards like “Pong

Game” or “Catch Game” but alter the
code to make your face control the player!

lab.scratch.mit.edu/face Set of 6 cards

 Try Out Face Sensing

● Go to lab.scratch.mit.edu/face and
click the “Try it out” button.
● Select the “go to nose” block.
● Click the block while your face is
visible on the stage. Did the sprite go
to your nose? Move and click again.
● What happens if you click on the
dropdown list and choose another
feature for the sprite to go to?

Try Face Sensing 1

Try Out Face Sensing
lab.scratch.mit.edu/face

GET READY

Choose any Choose a

Pico Walking
sprite. facial feature.

ADD CODE

1. Add a “when green

flag clicked” block to 2. Next, add a “forever” loop
the “go to nose” block. to have the sprite stick to
Click the green flag. your chosen feature.

3. Try adding additional

blocks from the Motion
or Looks category to
animate the sprite.
 Create a Face Filter

● Go to lab.scratch.mit.edu/face.
● Draw your own hat, glasses, or other
accessory with the Scratch paint
editor tools and code a face filter.
● Optional: On the Face Sensing
homepage, click on the “Hat and
Glasses” starter project to experiment
with the sprites and sample code.

Face Filter 2
Create a Face Filter
lab.scratch.mit.edu/face

GET READY

Choose “Paint” Use the

from the tools to
sprite draw a hat
menu. costume
or two.

ADD CODE

1. Add code so it sticks 2. Next, add blocks so the

to the top of your sprite scales to match the
head. size and points in the
direction of your face.
Have multiple costumes? Add code to switch costumes.
 Create a Face
Sensing Game

● Go to lab.scratch.mit.edu/face.
● Code a game that uses your face to
score points or control a player
sprite.
● Optional: On the Face Sensing
homepage, click on the “Flapping
Bird” starter project to experiment
with the sprites and sample code.

Face Sensing Game 3

Face Sensing Game
lab.scratch.mit.edu/face

GET READY

Choose a first Parrot

Choose a Strawberry
sprite. second sprite.

ADD CODE
1. Add code to the first 2. Add code to the second
sprite so you can control sprite so it moves to a
it with your face. This will random position on the
be the player. stage and gives the player
a point when they touch.

3. Create a score variable to

track points. Don’t forget
to reset it each time a
new game is started.
Make customizations!
 Create a Face Sensing
Sound Board

● Go to lab.scratch.mit.edu/face.
● Choose a variety of fun sounds or
record your own and code a sound
board. Or code effects controlled by
your face.
● Optional: On the Face Sensing
homepage, click on the “Sound
Board” starter project to experiment
with the sprites and sample code.

Sound Board 4
Sound Board
lab.scratch.mit.edu/face

GET READY

Choose a sound
from the sound
library for each
Choose a few sprite, or record
sprites, or Sound 1
your own.
draw your
own.

ADD CODE

1. Add code to each sprite to play a sound, change an

effect, or perform another animation when parts of your
face touch them.

2. Try adding multiple sounds to a sprite. Use the “pick

random” operator so each time is a surprise.
Use Your Nose As a Pen

● Go to lab.scratch.mit.edu/face and
click the “Try it out” button.
● Add the Pen Extension.
● Select the “go to nose” block.
● Put the pen down and use your nose
to draw.
● Optional: Use your head tilt to put the
pen up and down. Or try adjusting the
pen size based on your face size.

Nose Pen 5
Use Your Nose As a Pen
lab.scratch.mit.edu/face

GET READY

Choose any Add Pen

Pico Walking
sprite to act as Extension.
the Pen.
ADD CODE
1. Add a Pen block to put the pen
down. Then have the pen follow
your nose.

2. Try variations like changing the

pen color or setting the pen size
based on your face size.

3. Want more control? Use “when face tilts” to control

when the pen is up and when it is down.
 Fool the AI
Face Sensing blocks try to detect if a face exists,
but they are not able to identify who the face is,
or even if it is a human face! That means
sometimes the AI makes interesting mistakes.
Identifying these mistakes can help us see the
difference between our own human intelligence
and AI.
Can the AI find the parts of a face if:
● you are in disguise, your face is covered, or
your face is tilted or upside down?
● the lighting in the room is very bright or
very dark?
● you step out of frame and hold up a
drawing of a smiley face? a stuffed animal?
a pet? two googly eyes attached to
fingertips? or another facelike object made
of different materials or from nature?
What variables can you change to try to fool it
into thinking it sees a face? What limitations can
you find?

Fool the AI 6
 Save Your Project

Projects created on Scratch Lab cannot be

saved to an account on scratch.mit.edu. But
the file can be saved to your computer and
uploaded to the Scratch Lab project page if
you want to continue working on your project.
● Click “File,” then choose “Save to your
computer.”
● Next time you want to work on your
project, go to lab.scratch.mit.edu/face
and click “File,” choose “Load from your
computer,” and upload your project.

Save Your Project 6

 Build the Change

What design features are important to

consider if you are creating a building that is
good for the well-being of the environment
and people in the community?

The LEGO Group X Scratch

Creating Sustainable Futures

scratch.mit.edu Set of 7 cards

 Cards in This Pack
● Create Your Sprites
● Remove Image Backgrounds
● Code Your Sprite
● Add Digital Elements
● Using the Paint Editor
● Collaborate: Export or Backpack /
Collaborate: Remix
● Interactive Prototype with Makey
Makey
Combine with other cards like “Imagine a
World,” “Animate a Character,” or “Create a
Story” to learn how to animate your sprites!

scratch.mit.edu Set of 7 cards

 Create Your Sprites

Options:
● Upload a picture: Take a picture of
your physical prototype and upload it
into Scratch as a sprite.

You may want to take pictures of

individual pieces to animate seperately.

● Create a sprite using the Scratch

paint editor tools.

Create Your Sprites 1

● There are two modes for using the paint
editor in Scratch:
○ Vector-mode allows you to create
and edit shapes (Scratch default).
○ Bitmap-mode allows you to edit
photos and paint with pixels.
● To upload a file as a sprite, hover over the
sprite menu in the lower-right corner of the
sprite area and choose “Upload.” Then,
select the file you want to create a sprite
from. Your image will appear on the costume
tab as bitmap when it has been uploaded.

Create Your Sprites 1

 Remove Image
Backgrounds

It is best if the images you chose have a

transparent background, such as a PNG with
transparent background or SVG file.
Options:
● You can remove the background using
the tools in the Scratch paint editor
after a file has been uploaded.
● Or, before you upload the file, using
online tools or software.

Remove Background 2
● In the Scratch paint editor in
bitmap-mode, use the eraser tool to
remove the background or other
pieces you don’t want from your
image.
● You’ll know you are in bitmap-mode
when you see the “Convert to Vector”
button at the bottom of the screen.

Remove Background 2
 Code Your Sprite

Options:
● Create an informational project.

● Create a story with characters and

your prototype as a background.

● Animate elements or add interactivity.

Example project scratch.mit.edu/projects/981427021 by algorithmar

Code Your Sprite 3

Code Your Sprite
scratch.mit.edu

IDEAS TO TRY

Combine photos
and vector shapes
to create multiple
costume changes.

Add sounds or
voice recordings
with information.

Add animations, like

turning or moving or
color changes.

Use “say” or “speak”

blocks to
communicate
information.
 Add Digital Elements

Options:
● Add a narrator sprite(s) to share
information.
● Create a background (or two!) to
represent how your prototype would fare
in different seasons
● What additional elements did you want
to represent (like animals or plants) that
you could add and animate digitally?

Digital Elements 4
Add Digital Elements

● What environmental sounds could you

add or create that represent the area
where your prototype resides? (Birds or
other animals, water, electricity…)
● Have others created relevant sprites that
you can remix and use in your project to
add additional elements? (Just make
sure to give credit to the original creator
on your project page.)

Digital Elements 4
Using the Paint Editor
scratch.mit.edu

TOOLS TO TRY

Click and drag with the Line, Circle, or Rectangle tools to create a
shape. Hold down the Shift key while dragging to create equal sides,
or 45 and 90 degree angles with lines.

Using the Select tool, select a shape and click and drag one of the
corner points to resize it.

To rotate a shape once you’ve made it, use the Select tool to grab the
anchor under the shape and drag it. Hold down the Shift key while
dragging to rotate at 45 degree angles.

Using the Reshape tool, click on one of the points of a shape and
move the point around to alter the shape. Click + Shift key to select
and move multiple points at once.

Using the Reshape tool, click on a part of the shape that doesn’t have
a point to add a new point, or click on a point and press “Delete” to
remove a point.

Paint Editor 5
Using the Paint Editor
scratch.mit.edu

Using the Reshape tool, click on a point and choose whether it is

curved or pointed. Click on a point and drag rotate the handles
attached to the point to alter the shape of a curve.

Using the Select tool, select a shape and click the buttons on the top
menu to copy and paste a duplicate.

Using the Select tool, select a shape and click the flip horizontal or flip
vertical buttons on the top menu to flip a shape.

Using the Select tool, select a shape and click the Forward, Backward,
Front, or Back buttons to change the layer order.

Select the fill from the dropdown and use the fill (paint bucket) tool to
adjust a shape’s color. Or using the Select tool, select a shape and
then use the Fill and Outline dropdowns to adjust the color,
saturation, brightness, and outline. You can also choose to use a
gradient. Use the eyedropper to select a color from another shape.
Use the red strikethrough to fill with no color.

Using the select tool and holding down the “Shift” key, select multiple
shapes to group them (helpful to move several shapes together).

Use the brush tool for freehand line drawing. The example to the right
shows hand drawn whiskers.

Use the eraser tool to remove parts of the drawing from all shapes
and layers it comes into contact with when clicking and dragging. You
can use the reshape tool to then adjust the new points created.

The text tool comes with a dropdown list of font options to choose
from, and Fill and Outline dropdowns to change text color and outline.
 Collaborate:
Export or Backpack

Options:
● Export a sprite, costume, or sound:
Right-click the asset. Choose “export.” To
add the asset to a project, choose the
upload option in the sprite, costume, or
sound menu to upload from your files.
● Backpack a sprite, costume, or sound:
You must be logged in to access the
backpack at the bottom of the editor
screen. Click it to open the backpack and
drag-and-drop a sprite, costume, or
sound inside. To add the asset to a
different project, open the backpack and
drag-and-drop the asset into the sprite,
costume, or sound area.

Export or Backpack 6
 Collaborate: Remix

Scratch embraces remix culture. Remixing is

when you build upon someone else’s projects,
code, ideas, images, or anything else shared
on Scratch to make your own unique creation.
When remixing an asset, make changes like:
● adding code to animate the asset
● placing it in a new scene with other
assets or add related sounds
● using the tools in the paint or sound
editor to make adjustments to it
● adding additional elements you felt were
missing
Just make sure that you give credit to
whomever created the original asset in the
Notes and Credits section.

Remix 6
 Interactive Prototype
with Makey Makey

1. Plug the Makey Makey Board into a

computer using the provided cable.
2. Add conductive materials (conductive
paint or tape, foil, Play-doh, scrap metal,
etc.) to points on your prototype, and
attach alligator clips connected to
keyboard inputs on the Makey Makey.
3. Open Scratch. Create a new project
where sprites provide additional
information or are animated when
participants interact with your work.

Makey Makey 7
Interactive Prototype
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY

Optional: Add the

Makey Makey
Choose any sprite. Pico Walking Extension, or use the
“when [space] key
pressed” block under
the Events category.

ADD CODE AND TEST

Connect the conductive

points on your prototype to
alligator clips. Don’t forget to
establish EARTH.

Close the circuit to register

each keyboard press by
touching EARTH and each
spot on the prototype.

Add code to play a sound (like a

recording of your voice) or have your
sprite say something when different
pieces of the prototype are touched.
From Prototypes to
Public Service
Announcements

Exploring Creative Problem Solving

scratch.mit.edu Set of 4 cards

 Cards in This Pack

● Project Message

● Prototype Your Solution

● Code Your Sprite

● Scratch Project Inspiration /

Reflection
Combine with other cards like “Imagine a
World” or “Create a Story” to learn how to
animate your sprites!

scratch.mit.edu Set of 4 cards

 Project Message

1. Identify a real world problem.

2. Imagine a world where the problem is
solved: What would it look like, feel like,
sound like, etc.?
3. Research the problem.
4. Brainstorm possible solutions.

Project Message 1
 Possible Places to Research:
● Kiddle Safe Search
https://www.kiddle.co

● Global Goals Project Podcast

https://www.globalgoals.org/podcast

● Interview a Community Member

https://www.climatehubs.usda.gov/sites/
default/files/Interview--Lesson%20plan.pdf

Choose one of your solutions to explore.

Water Filtration System Drawing Petition for Awareness Scratch Project

Image Source: Tracy Tang Image Source: @shoothoops00

Project Message 1
Prototype Your Solution

Options:
● Unplugged: Use art materials and
recyclables to create your prototype
● Digital: Use applications like Tinkercad
● Digital: Use the Scratch paint editor

Example solutions shown above: unplugged and Tinkercad

versions of a water filtration fountain.

Prototype a Solution 2
Prototype in Scratch
● Open scratch.mit.edu
● Choose “Create”
● Design your own solution by drawing
sprites and backdrops
○ use the paint editor tools
○ upload photos of your prototype
○ remix available sprites
● Consider adding a narrator sprite(s) to
share information
● Consider adding sounds related to
your prototype

Prototype a Solution 2
 Code Your Sprite

Options:
● Create an informational project.

● Create a story with characters and

your prototype as a background.

● Animate elements or add interactivity.

Example project scratch.mit.edu/projects/725319255 by pixelmoth

Code Your Sprite 3

Code Your Sprite
scratch.mit.edu

IDEAS TO TRY

Combine photos
and vector shapes
to create multiple
costume changes.

Add sounds or
voice recordings
with information.

Add animations, like

turning or moving or
color changes.

Use “say” or “speak”

blocks to
communicate
information.
 Scratch Project
Inspiration

Plastic Pollution Simulation Help Save the Earth!

By Action_project By Maltese_Falcon

Graffiti Public Service Announcement Global Warming Simulation

By NutMeg_Coder By Owen-Wong

Inspiration 4
 Reflection
● Step back and examine the process:
○ What have you learned about the
problem?
○ Where did you get stuck?
○ How did you get unstuck?
● What would you change about your
solution? Have others explored a
similar real world problem? What was
their solution? If you’ve learned new
information, how might you iterate on
your solution?
● What is something you are looking for
feedback on?

Reflection 4
Hour of Code™ 2024
with Scratch

Inventing with Gitanjali Rao

scratch.mit.edu Set of 8 cards

 Cards in This Pack
● Meet Gitanjali Rao / Gitanjali’s
Innovation Process
● Invention Station Project
● Options to Customize Sprites
● Record Your Message

● Make Sprites Draggable

● Conditional Statements
● Create a Sprite to Represent You /
Create a Sprite by Remixing
● Using the Paint Editor
The 'Hour of Code™'/'Hora del Código®' is a global
initiative by Computer Science Education Week and
Code.org to introduce millions of students to one hour
of computer science and computer programming.

scratch.mit.edu Set of 8 cards

 Meet Gitanjali Rao

For Hour of Code™, Scratch has teamed up with

inspiring young scientist and innovator Gitanjali
Rao (gitanjalirao.net).
At the Scratch Foundation, we design products and
programs that support learners as they develop
their thinking, their voice, and their identity. So, the
Scratch Team is excited to create and explore with
Gitanjali for Hour of Code because she inspires
young innovators to try new ideas and develop
meaningful solutions in community with others.
When thinking about a new invention, Gitanjali
relies on the design thinking, creativity, and
curiosity skills, as well as her Innovation Process.
Flip this card over for more.

Meet Gitanjali Rao 1

Invention Station Project

● As Gitanjali shares in ScratchCat’s “Hour of

Code 2024 - Invention Station Starter
Project” (projects/1047946712), “When I’m
inventing, I like to build my idea as soon as
possible, so that I'm able to visualize it and
I have more motivation to keep going.”
● We will build/prototype an invention
following her process, and design a solution
to a problem that you identify. Let’s create
something awesome that helps change the
world!

Invention Station Project 2

 Step 1: Click, drag, or hover over objects. Some
sprites will respond to your mouse or when
touching the box or are close to the box.
Experiment to see!
Step 2: Remix the project.
Step 3: Drag each sprite to the box and create your
own invention.
Step 4: Customize sprites in the costume editor
and/or add your own.
Step 5: Animate! Explore code blocks to rotate
sprites, change their size, change their
color/brightness/other effect, switch
costume, play a sound, etc., when touching
the box or when clicked…
Step 6: Share details about your invention! Record
and/or write a message to play about what
your invention does, and give it a name and
description.
Optional: Add a sprite to represent you to the project.

See cards in this set for more information.

 Options to
Customize Sprites

● Let’s explore different ways to rotate

sprites, change their size, change their
color or brightness, etc.

● We can adjust the look of sprite costumes

using the Paint Editor tools.

● Or we can adjust sprites using code

blocks.

Customize Sprites 3
Options to Customize Sprites
scratch.mit.edu

EDIT THE COSTUME IN THE PAINT EDITOR

Rotate with Select Recolor with Fill Resize with Select

ADJUST THE SPRITE WITH CODE

Experiment!

Do you notice any

differences between
using these code blocks
to adjust a sprite versus
using the paint editor
tools above?

What happens if you

use both methods?
 Record Your Message

● You can add sounds to project by:

○ Adding a Sound from the Library
○ Uploading a Sound
○ Recording a Sound
○ Using Text to Speech Blocks

● Try sharing details about your invention by

recording a message to play about what
your invention does using Scratch’s record
and sound editing functions.

● Add code to the the “My Invention Button”

sprite to play your recording.

Record Your Message 4

Record Your Message
scratch.mit.edu

RECORD AND EDIT

1. Select the “Sounds” tab.
Hover over the Sounds
menu at the bottom of the
tab, and select “Record.”

2. See the audio meter on

the side registering sounds
it is hearing.

3. Press the record button

and then stop when done.
You check the recording
and edit out blank air
before and after your
recording using the sliders.
Save when done.

4. Then, use the sound editor

tools to make edits, if
necessary, like shortening
the length or adjusting the
volume.

ADD CODE
5. Add code to a sprite to
make it play.
Make Sprites Draggable

● By default, sprites can only be

dragged/moved around with the mouse
when working in the Project Editor, but
not when viewed on the Project Page.
● So how do we make objects draggable
when on the Project Page? Set the drag
mode.

Make Sprites Draggable 5

Make Sprites Draggable
scratch.mit.edu

TRY THIS!
Set the drag mode on your sprite as “draggable” or “not
draggable.” View the project full screen or view the Project
Page. See if you can drag the sprite around with a mouse.

How will you use this? Try these scripts to see what they do.
Conditional Statements

CONDITION

Boolean blocks that report "true" or "false" are

used in conditional statement blocks. Try using:
● user actions, such as pressing keyboard
keys or mouse positioning or clicking
● sprite interactions (touching another sprite),
comparisons (distance between sprites), and
touching colors of sprites or backdrops
● data input by users, data stored in variables
and lists, or data stored in reporter blocks

Conditional Statements 6
Conditional Statements
scratch.mit.edu

TRY THIS
In ScratchCat’s “Hour of
Code 2024 - Invention
Station Starter Project”
(projects/1047946712),
some sprites are coded
using the “touching
box” sensing block
inside an “if then” or “if
then else” conditional
statement.

Create a code stack to

make something happen
if a sprite is touching the
“Box” sprite, if touching
the mouse pointer, if a
key is pressed…

Sprites could rotate,

change their size,
change their color/
brightness/other effect,
switch costume, play a
sound, etc.
 Create a Sprite to
Represent You

● Perhaps you want to add a character to

your project to represent you that can
speak about your invention and why you
chose to invent it.
● What if you don’t have a representation
character, or you want to create or change
a character to represent you better? You
could draw and upload one, create one
using our Paint Editor tools, or…
● Let’s explore remixing sprites to create
your own. Flip this card over for more.

Create a Sprite by Remixing 7

Create a Sprite by Remixing
scratch.mit.edu

Choose two or more vector sprites

with elements you like. Remember,
some sprites have multiple costumes
with elements/poses.

Recolor with Fill Resize with Select Use Reshape

 Using the Paint Editor
TOOLS TO TRY

Click and drag with the Line, Circle, or Rectangle tools to create a
shape. Hold down the Shift key while dragging to create equal sides,
or 45 and 90 degree angles with lines.

Using the Select tool, select a shape and click and drag one of the
corner points to resize it.

To rotate a shape once you’ve made it, use the Select tool to grab the
anchor under the shape and drag it. Hold down the Shift key while
dragging to rotate at 45 degree angles.

Using the Reshape tool, click on one of the points of a shape and
move the point around to alter the shape. Click + Shift key to select
and move multiple points at once.

Using the Reshape tool, click on a part of the shape that doesn’t have
a point to add a new point, or click on a point and press “Delete” to
remove a point.

Using the Paint Editor 8

Using the Paint Editor
scratch.mit.edu

Using the Reshape tool, click on a point and choose whether it is

curved or pointed. Click on a point and drag rotate the handles
attached to the point to alter the shape of a curve.

Using the Select tool, select a shape and click the buttons on the top
menu to copy and paste a duplicate.

Using the Select tool, select a shape and click the flip horizontal or flip
vertical buttons on the top menu to flip a shape.

Using the Select tool, select a shape and click the Forward, Backward,
Front, or Back buttons to change the layer order.

Select the fill from the dropdown and use the fill (paint bucket) tool to
adjust a shape’s color. Or using the Select tool, select a shape and
then use the Fill and Outline dropdowns to adjust the color,
saturation, brightness, and outline. You can also choose to use a
gradient. Use the eyedropper to select a color from another shape.
Use the red strikethrough to fill with no color.

Using the select tool and holding down the “Shift” key, select multiple
shapes to group them (helpful to move several shapes together).

Use the brush tool for freehand line drawing. The example to the right
shows hand drawn whiskers.

Use the eraser tool to remove parts of the drawing from all shapes
and layers it comes into contact with when clicking and dragging. You
can use the reshape tool to then adjust the new points created.

The text tool comes with a dropdown list of font options to choose
from, and Fill and Outline dropdowns to change text color and outline.
Hour of Code™ 2024
with Scratch

Spreading Kindness with Gitanjali Rao

scratch.mit.edu Set of 6 cards

 Cards in This Pack
● Meet Gitanjali Rao / Scratch
Community Guidelines

● Kindness Community Project

● Create a Sprite to Represent You /
Create a Sprite by Remixing

● Using the Paint Editor

● Animate Your Sprite
● Record Your Message

The 'Hour of Code™'/'Hora del Código®' is a global

initiative by Computer Science Education Week and
Code.org to introduce millions of students to one hour
of computer science and computer programming.

scratch.mit.edu Set of 6 cards

 Meet Gitanjali Rao

For Hour of Code™ 2024, Scratch has teamed up

with inspiring young scientist and innovator
Gitanjali Rao (gitanjalirao.net).
One of Gitanjali’s inventions is Kindly, an AI-based
anti-cyberbullying service that aims to detect and
prevent cyberbullying at an early stage.
At Scratch, we have a strong focus on building
community, kindness, and respect through our
Community Guidelines, which include “Treat
everyone with respect” and “Help keep the site
friendly” by reporting inappropriate comments or
projects to our moderation team and welcoming
fellow Scratchers to share about things that excite
them and are important to them.

Meet Gitanjali Rao 1

Kindness Community Project

● Use our starter project to share a unique

message of kindness inspired by Gitanjali’s
work to combat cyberbullying.
● You can remix ScratchCat’s Hour of Code
2024 - Kindness Starter
(projects/1047946877) to create and share
your message and join our Kindness
Community!
● Or create your own project about spreading
kindness.

Kindness Community Project 2

Step 1: Play the project to hear Gitanjali's
message on kindness.

Step 2: Remix the project.

Step 3: Add your message of kindness to the

“Your Message Here!” sprite provided
by editing the sprite costume.

Step 4: Add a character to represent you to the

“Your Character Here” sprite provided
by editing the sprite costume.

This could be a vector drawing you

create with the Paint Editor, an
uploaded drawing (best with the
background removed), or a remixed
sprite from the sprite library.

Optional: Animate your sprite. Record your

message of kindness. Further customize with
new backgrounds, dialog, etc.
 Create a Sprite to
Represent You

● In projects, like our Kindness Community

project (projects/1047946877), you may be
invited to add your character to a scene.
● What if you don’t have a representation
character, or you want to create or change
a character to represent you better? You
could draw and upload one, create one
using our Paint Editor tools, or…
● Let’s explore remixing sprites to create
your own. Flip this card over for more.

Create a Sprite by Remixing 3

Create a Sprite by Remixing
scratch.mit.edu

Choose two or more vector sprites

with elements you like. Remember,
some sprites have multiple costumes
with elements/poses.

Recolor with Fill Resize with Select Use Reshape

Using the Paint Editor
TOOLS TO TRY

Click and drag with the Line, Circle, or Rectangle tools to create a
shape. Hold down the Shift key while dragging to create equal sides,
or 45 and 90 degree angles with lines.

Using the Select tool, select a shape and click and drag one of the
corner points to resize it.

To rotate a shape once you’ve made it, use the Select tool to grab the
anchor under the shape and drag it. Hold down the Shift key while
dragging to rotate at 45 degree angles.

Using the Reshape tool, click on one of the points of a shape and
move the point around to alter the shape. Click + Shift key to select
and move multiple points at once.

Using the Reshape tool, click on a part of the shape that doesn’t have
a point to add a new point, or click on a point and press “Delete” to
remove a point.

Using the Paint Editor 4

Using the Paint Editor
scratch.mit.edu

Using the Reshape tool, click on a point and choose whether it is

curved or pointed. Click on a point and drag rotate the handles
attached to the point to alter the shape of a curve.

Using the Select tool, select a shape and click the buttons on the top
menu to copy and paste a duplicate.

Using the Select tool, select a shape and click the flip horizontal or flip
vertical buttons on the top menu to flip a shape.

Using the Select tool, select a shape and click the Forward, Backward,
Front, or Back buttons to change the layer order.

Select the fill from the dropdown and use the fill (paint bucket) tool to
adjust a shape’s color. Or using the Select tool, select a shape and
then use the Fill and Outline dropdowns to adjust the color,
saturation, brightness, and outline. You can also choose to use a
gradient. Use the eyedropper to select a color from another shape.
Use the red strikethrough to fill with no color.

Using the select tool and holding down the “Shift” key, select multiple
shapes to group them (helpful to move several shapes together).

Use the brush tool for freehand line drawing. The example to the right
shows hand drawn whiskers.

Use the eraser tool to remove parts of the drawing from all shapes
and layers it comes into contact with when clicking and dragging. You
can use the reshape tool to then adjust the new points created.

The text tool comes with a dropdown list of font options to choose
from, and Fill and Outline dropdowns to change text color and outline.
 Animate Your Sprite

There are many ways you might choose to

animate your character. For instance:
● Try moving or gliding your character to a
new location.
● Try changing the direction of the character
to tilt back and forth.
● Or try adding additional costume drawings
to change the position of certain elements
and create movement as costumes are
changed. Flip this card over for more.

Animate Your Sprite 5

Animate Your Sprite
scratch.mit.edu

GET READY
Duplicate Use the select tool,
your sprite then click and drag on
costume on the canvas to select
the costume multiple items.
tab.
(Right click, Try rotating and moving
Duplicate.) incrementally.

ADD CODE
There are many ways to animate.
Try looping through the costumes.
 Record Your Message

● You can add sounds to project by:

○ Adding a Sound from the Library
○ Uploading a Sound
○ Recording a Sound
○ Using Text to Speech Blocks

● Consider recording your message of

kindness to play when it is visible on your
screen by using Scratch’s record and
sound editing functions.

Record Your Message 6

Record Your Message
scratch.mit.edu

RECORD AND EDIT

1. Select the “Sounds” tab.
Hover over the Sounds
menu at the bottom of the
tab, and select “Record.”

2. See the audio meter on

the side registering sounds
it is hearing.

3. Press the record button

and then stop when done.
You check the recording
and edit out blank air
before and after your
recording using the sliders.
Save when done.

4. Then, use the sound editor

tools to make edits, if
necessary, like shortening
the length or adjusting the
volume.

ADD CODE
5. Add code to a sprite to
make it play.