CIRCLE 1

EXERCISE - 1 : BASIC OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

The general form of the equation of a circle 2x2 + 2y2 – 6x + 8y + 1 = 0 and of double its area is
(a) 2x2 + 2y2 – 12x + 16y + 1 = 0
1. The equation ax2 + by2 + 2hxy + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 represents
a circle only if (b) 4x2 + 4y2 – 3x + 16y + 2 = 0

(a) a = b, h = 0 (c) 4x2 + 4y2 – 12x + 16y – 21 = 0

(b) a = b  0, h = 0 (d) None of these

(c) a = b  0, h = 0, g2 + f2 – c > 0 Ans. (c)

(d) a = b  0, h = 0, g2 + f2 – ac > 0 Sol. Equation can be written as

Ans. (d) 1 3
x 2  y 2  3x  4 y   0 . Its center is  , 2 
Sol. Equation can be written as 2 2 

b 2 2h 2g 2f c
x2  y  xy  a x  a y  a  0 9 1 23
a a radius  4 
4 2 2
 It will represent a circle if
radius of the required circle will be 2 times the radius of
b the given circle.
 1 b  a  0 and h  0
a
23 23
Also radius should be real  radius  2  
2 2
2 2
g  f  c  equation of circle is
        0  g 2  f 2  ac  0
a a a
2 2
 3 2
 23 
2. Equation of the circle which passes through the centre of  x    ( y  2)   
the circle x2 + y2 + 8x + 10y – 7 = 0 and is concentric with the  2  2 
circle 2x2 + 2y2– 8x – 12y – 9 = 0 is
(a) x2 + y2 – 4x – 8y – 97 = 0  4 x 2  4 y 2  12 x  16 y  21  0

(b) x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y – 87 = 0 4. The equation of a circle which passes through the

point (1, –2) and (4, –3) and whose centre lies on the
(c) x2 + y2 – 2x – 8y – 95 = 0
line 3x + 4 y = 7 is
(d) None of these
(a) 15 (x2 + y2) – 94 x + 18 y – 55 = 0
Ans. (b)
(b) 15 (x2 + y2) – 94 x + 18 y + 55 = 0
Sol. Center of the circle x 2  y 2  8 x  10 y  7  0 is (-4, -5) (c) 15 (x2 + y2) + 94 x – 18 y + 55 = 0
9 (d) none of these
Center of the circle x 2  y 2  4 x  6 y   0 is (2,3)
2 Ans. (b)

 required cicle is passing through (-4, -5) and its center is Sol. Perpendicular bisector of (1, –2) and (4, –3) is
(2, 3). 3x  y  10  0
 radius of the circle is (2  4)2  (3  5)2  10  center of the circle is intersection of 3x  y  10  0
 equation of circle is ( x  2) 2  ( y  3) 2  (10)2
 x 2  y 2  4 x  6 y  87  0
3. Equation of a circle concentric with the circle
 2 CIRCLE

and 3x  4 y  7 , 2
 1  4
( x  0) 2   y   
 3 3
 47 3 
Which is  ,  
 15 5 
2
 x2  y2  y 1  0
 equation of circle is 3
2 2 2 2
 47   3   47   3
 x     y     1     2  
15   5   15   5
 
 3 x2  y2  2 y  3  0

6. Equation of the circle of radius 5 whose centre lies on
94 6 94 12 y-axis in first quadrant and passes through (3, 2) is
 x2  y2  x  y  1  4  
15 5 15 5 (a) x2 + y2 – 12y + 11 = 0 (b) x2 + y2 – 6y – 1 = 0
(c) x2 + y2 – 8y + 3 = 0 (d) None of these
15( x 2  y 2 )  94 x  18 y  55  0
Ans. (a)
5. Two vertices of an equilateral triangle are (–1, 0) and
(1, 0), and its third vertex lies above the x-axis. Then the Sol. Let center is (0, a), a  0
equation of the circumcircle of the triangle is :
(a) x2 + y2 = 1  5  (3  0) 2  (2  a ) 2  (2  a ) 2  25  9  16

(b) 3 (x2 + y2) + 2y – 3 = 0  2  a  4

(c) 3 (x2 + y2) – 2y – 3 = 0  a  6, 2

(d) none of these a  6
Ans. (c) Center is (0, 6), radius = 5
Sol. Mid-point of AB is (0, 0). Clearly, point C lies on y-axis.  equation of circle is
Since, it lies above y-axis. So, let the coordinate of point C
be (0, k). ( x  0) 2  ( y  6) 2  (5) 2

 k  x 2  y 2  12 y  11  0
Coordinate of centroid G is  0,  . We also know that
 3 7. Centre of the circle x2 + y2 – 2x + 4y + 1 = 0 is –
circumcenter, centroid and incenter of the equilateral (a) (–1, 2) (b) (1, –2)
triangle coincides. (c) (1, 2) (d) (–1, –2)

 k Ans. (b)
Hence, the coordinates of circumcenter is  0,  .
 3 Sol. On comparing the given equation with
x2 + y2 +2gx + 2fy + c = 0
Since, ABC is equilateral triangle.
AB = AC 2 g  2  g   1
2 2 2 f  4 f  2
  AB    AC 
 Center  ( g ,  f )  (1, 2)
k  3
8. The equation of a circle which passes through the three
 1  points (3, 0), (1, –6), (4, –1) is-
So, the coordinate of circumcenter is  0, .
 3 (a) 2x2 + 2y2 + 5x – 11y + 3 = 0
(b) x2 + y2 – 5x + 11y – 3 = 0
2
Radius CG  (c) x2 + y2 + 5x – 11y + 3 = 0
3
(d) 2x2 + 2y2 – 5x + 11y – 3 = 0
Equation of circumcircle is Ans. (d)

Sol. A  (3, 0), B  (1, 6), C  (4, 1)

 CIRCLE 3

 equation of perpendicular bisector of AB is 2 2

25   25 
x  3y  7  0  equation of circle is  x  2
  ( y  0)   
 6   6 
Equation of perpendicular bisector of BC is
25
3x  5 y  10  0  x2  y 2  x0
3
 center of the circle is point of intersection of
 3( x 2  y 2 )  25 x  0
x + 3y + 7 = 0 and 3x + 5y + 10 = 0
10. The length of the diameter of the circle which touches the
 5 11  x-axis at the point (1, 0) and passes through the point (2, 3)
 centre is  ,  
4 4 is

 equation of circle is 10 3
(a) (b)
2 2 2 2 3 5
 5  11   5  11 
 x     y    3   0  
 4  4  4  4 6 5
(c) (d)
5 3
 2 x 2  2 y 2  5 x  11 y  3  0
Ans. (a)
9. The equation of the circle which touches the axis of y at
the origin and passes through (3, 4) is- Sol. Let us assume that the coordinates of the centre of the

(a) 4 (x2 + y2) – 25x = 0 circle are C(h, k) and its radius is r..

(b) 3 (x2 + y2) – 25x = 0 Now, since the circle touches X-axis, hence its radius
(c) 2 (x2 + y2) – 3x = 0 should be equal to ordinate of centre.

(d) 4 (x2 + y2) – 25x + 10 = 0 rk

Ans. (b) Equation of circle is (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = k2
Hence, given that the circle passes through points (1, 0)
and (2, 3). Hence, substituting them in the equation of the
circle, we get

(1  h) 2  (0  k) 2  k 2 ...(i)

(2  h) 2  (3  k) 2  k 2 ....(ii)

Sol. From Eq. (i), we get h=1

On substituting in Eq. (ii), we get

(2  1)2  (3  k) 2  k 2

5
k
3

10
The diameter of the circle is 2k 
Center is (a, 0), radius = a 3
11. The equation of the circle touches y axis and having centre
 a  ( a  3) 2  (4  0) 2  a 2  a 2  6a  9  16
(–2, –3) is

25 (a) x2 + y2 – 4x – 9y – 4 = 0
a 
6 (b) x2 + y2 + 4x + 9y + 4 = 0
(c) x2 + y2 + 4x + 6y + 9 = 0
 4 CIRCLE

(d) x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y – 9 = 0 APQ is :
Ans. (c) (a) (x + g) (x – 2) + (y + f) (y – 1) = 0
Sol. Radius is, r = 2 (b) (x + g) (x – 2) – (y + f) (y – 1) = 0
 equation of circle is (c) (x – g) (x + 2) + (y – f) (y + 1) = 0

( x  2) 2  ( y  3) 2  2 2 (d) none of these

Ans. (a)
2 2
 x  y  4x  6 y  9  0

Sol.

A  (2,1), C  ( g ,  f )

 equation of circle circumscribing APQ will also pass

through point C and AC is diameter.
Diametric form of a circle  equation of circle is (diametric form)
12. The abscissae and ordinates of the points A and B are the ( x  2)( x  g )  ( y  1)( y  f )  0
roots of the equations x 2 + 2ax + b = 0 and 14. The intercept on the line y = x by the circle x2 + y2 – 2x = 0 is
x2 + 2cx + d = 0 respectively, then the equation of circle with AB. Equation of the circle on AB as a diameter is
AB as diameter is
(a) x2 + y2 + x + y = 0 (b) x2 + y2 – x + y = 0
2 2
(a) x + y + 2ax + 2cy + b + d = 0
(c) x2 + y2 – x – y = 0 (d) x2 + y2 + x – y = 0
(b) x2 + y2 – 2ax – 2cy – b – d = 0
Ans. (c)
(c) x2 + y2 – 2ax – 2cy + b + d = 0
(d) x2 + y2 + 2ax + 2cy – b – d = 0
Ans. (a)

Sol. Let A  ( x1 , y1 ), B  ( x2 , y2 )

 x1  x2  2a, x1 x2  b, y1  y2  2c, y1 y2  d
Equation of circle is (diametric form) Sol.

( x  x1 )( x  x2 )  ( y  y1 )( y  y2 )  0

 x 2   x1  x2  x  x1 x2  y 2   y1  y2  y  y1 y2  0
Given circle x 2  y 2  2 x  0 and line be y  x
 x 2  y 2  2ax  2cy  b  d  0.
on solving them we get
13. A point A(2, 1) is outside the circle
x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 & AP, AQ are tangents to the x  0,1 and y  0,1
circle. The equation of the circle circumscribing the triangle
 A(0, 0), B (1,1) and equation of circle in the diameter from
 CIRCLE 5

is

( x  0)( x  1)  ( y  0)( y  1)  0

 x2  y 2  ( x  y)  0

Intercept made by a circle

15. A circle touches x axis at +3 distance and cuts an intercept

of 8 in +ve direction of y axis. Its equation is–
(a) x2 + y2 + 6x + 10y – 9 = 0 (b) x2 + y2 – 6x – 10y – 9 = 0
(c) x2 + y2 – 6x – 10y + 9 = 0 (d) x2 + y2 + 6x + 10y + 9 = 0
Sol.
Ans. (c)
Sol. Equate the radius

c  4  (3  0) 2  (c  4  c ) 2

 c  4  5  c 1 Centre of the circle is intersection of perpendicular bisector

of the chord.
 center (3, 5), radius = 5
Equation of circle is   5 5
 Centre, C   , 
2 2
( x  3)  ( y  5)  5 2 2 2

 x 2  y 2  6 x  10 y  9  0 5 5
2
5 5
2

radius        2  
2 2 2 2

 equation of circle is
(0, c + 8) 2 2 2
 5  5  5 
x   y    
 2  2  2 

C(3, c+4)  x 2  y 2  5 x  5 y  0.
17. The circle x2 + y2 – 3x – 4y + 2 = 0 cuts x-axis at
radius
(a) (2, 0), (–3, 0) (b) (3, 0), (4, 0)
(0, c)
(c) (1, 0), (–1, 0) (d) (1, 0), (2, 0)
(3, 0)
Ans. (d)
Sol. put y = 0

 x 2  3 x  2  0  x  1, 2

 points are, (1, 0) and (2, 0).

16. The equation to a circle passing through the origin and
cutting of intercepts each equal to 5 of the axes is- Position of a point wrt circle
(a) x2 + y2 + 5x – 5y = 0
18. The range of values of     for which
(b) x2 + y2 – 5x + 5y = 0 (1 + cos , sin ) is on interior points of the circle
(c) x2 + y2 – 5x – 5y = 0 x2 + y2 = 1, is
(d) x2 + y2 + 5x + 5y = 0 (a)  (b) 
Ans. (c)
 6 CIRCLE

(c)  (d) 

 2  10
Ans. (d)

Sol.  (1  cos  ,sin  ) is inside the circle 

   ,5 2  ...(ii )

Intersection of (i) and (ii) is

 (1  cos  ) 2  (sin  ) 2  1

 1  cos 2   2 cos   sin 2   1


  4 2  14,5 2 
 2 cos   1 20. The point (sin , cos ), being any real number, lie inside
the circle x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y +  = 0, if
1
 cos    (a)  1  2 2 (b)   2 2 1
2

(c)   –1– 2 2 (d)  1  2 2

 2 4 
   , 
 3 3  Ans. (c)

Sol.  (sin  , cos  ) lie inside the circle

   
19. If the point   5  , 3   is an interior point of
 2 2  sin 2   cos 2   2sin   2 cos     0
2 2
the larger segement of the circles x + y = 16 cut off by the
line x + y = 2, then 1 
 sin   cos  
2

(a)   ,5 2 
1   
  2 sin    
2  4

(b)   4 2  14, 5 2 
1 

(c)   4 2  14, 4 2  14  
2
  2    1  2 2.

(d) none of these 21. The co-ordinate of the point on the circle
Ans. (b) x2 + y2 – 12x – 4y + 30 = 0, which is farthest from the origin
are:
   
Sol.   5  , 3   is interior point of the circle. (a) (9, 3) (b) (8, 5)
 2 2
(c) (12, 4) (d) none of these
2 2 Ans. (a)
     
  5     3    16
 2   2

2 2
 25   5 2  9   3 2  16
2 2 Sol.

  2  8 2  18  0


   4 2  14, 4 2  14  ...(i )

 Point lie on the larger segment of the circle.

 centre(0,0) and the point are on the same side.
Centre, C  (6, 2) , radius  10
   
 5    3  2  0
2  2
 7 CIRCLE

OC  62  22  2 10

OC 2 10
   2 :1
CP 10

2h  1  0
6  h9
2 1
Sol.
2k  1  0
2 k 3
2 1
 farthest point is (9, 3).
Condition of tangency in circle  In centre will lie on the line y= x (angle bisector)
22. The equation of circle with centre (1, 2) and tangent Let center is (a, a), a  0
x + y – 5 = 0 is
 perpendicular distance from x-axis = perpendicular
(a) x2 + y2 + 2x – 4y + 6 = 0 distance from 4 x  3 y  6
(b) x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y + 3 = 0
(c) x2 + y2 – 2x + 4y + 8 = 0 4a  3a  6 7a  6
a  
2 2
(d) x + y – 2x – 4y + 8 = 0
2
4 32 5
Ans. (b)
1
Sol. radius   distance of (1, 2) from x  y  5  0  5a  7a  6  a  3,
2

1 2  5 2 1 1

2 2
  2  (3,3) is not inside the triangle. Hence centre is  , 
1 1 2 2 2
2 Equation of in circle is
 Equation of circle is ( x  1)  ( y  2)   2 
2 2

2 2 2
 1  1 1
 x2  y 2  2 x  4 y  3  0 x   y    
 2   2 2
23. The equation of the incircle of the triangle formed by the
axes and the line 4x + 3y = 6 is 1
 x2  y2  x  y  0
4
(a) x2 + y2 – 6x – 6y + 9 = 0
(b) 4(x2 + y2 – x – y) + 1 = 0  4( x 2  y 2  x  y )  1  0
(c) 4(x2 + y2 + x + y) + 1 = 0 24. The line 3x – 2y = k meets the circle x2 + y2 = 4r2 at only one
(d) none of these point, if k2 is
Ans. (b) (a) 20r2 (b) 52r2

52 2 20 2
(c) r (d) r
9 9
Ans. (b)
Sol. The line meet the circle at one point if the perpendicular
distance from the centre (0, 0) to the line is equal to radius
2r.
 8 CIRCLE

k  x  2 y  2 5
  2r
32  ( 2) 2 27. The equations of the tangents to the circle
x2 + y2 – 6x + 4y – 12 = 0 which are parallel to the line
 k  2r  13 4x + 3y + 5 = 0, are
(a) 4x + 3y + 11 = 0 and 4x + 3y + 8 = 0
 k 2  52r 2
(b) 4x + 3y – 9 = 0 and 4x + 3y + 7 = 0
Equation of tangents in circle (c) 4x + 3y + 19 = 0 and 4x + 3y – 31 = 0
(d) 4x + 3y – 10 = 0 and 4x + 3y + 12 = 0
25. The angle between the tangents to the circle x2 + y2 = 25 at
(3, 4) and (4, –3) is : Ans. (c)
Sol. Equation of circle can be written as
 
(a) (b)
2 3 ( x  3)2  ( y  2) 2  25

 Any equation of tangent to the circle is

 
(c) (d)
4 6 y  2  m( x  3)  5 1  m 2
Ans. (a)
4
Sol. The equations of tangents to x2 + y2 = 25 at (3, 4) and given, m  
3
(4,–3) are
3x + 4y = 25 ... (1)
4 16 4( x  3) 25
and 4x – 3y = 25 ... (2)  y  2   ( x  3)  5 1    
3 9 3 3
3
Now slope of (1)    m1 (say)  3 y  6  4 x  12  25
4
 4 x  3 y  19  0 or 4 x  3 y  31  0
4
and slope of (2)   m 2 (say) 28. If the equation of the tangent to the circle
3
x2 + y2 – 2x + 6y – 6 = 0 parallel to 3x – 4y + 7 = 0 is
Clearly, m1m2 = –1 3x – 4y + k = 0, then the values of k are
Hence (1) and (2) are perpendicular to each other. (a) 5, – 35 (b) –5, 35
2 2
26. The equation of the tangents to the circle x + y = 4, which (c) 7, –32 (d) –7, 32
are parallel to x + 2y + 3 = 0, are
Ans. (a)
(a) x – 2y = 2 (b) x  2y   2 3 Sol. Equation of circle can be written as

( x  1) 2  ( y  3) 2  16
(c) x  2y   2 5 (d) x  2y   2 5

Ans. (c)  Any equation of tangent to the circle is

Sol. Any equation of tangent to the circle x 2  y 2  4 is y  3  m( x  1)  4 1  m 2

y  mx  2 1  m 2 ( a  2) 3
given, m 
4
1
given m   3 9 3
2 y3  ( x  1)  4 1   ( x  1)  5
4 16 4
1 1 x
 y   x  2 1    5  4 y  12  3x  3  20
2 4 2

 2 y  x  2 5
 CIRCLE 9

 3x  4 y  5  0 or 3x  4 y  35  0 (a) (12, 32) (b) (18, 42)

(c) (12, 24) (d) (18, 48)
 k  5, 35
Ans. (b)
29. The equation of a tangent to the circle x2 + y2 = 25 passing
Sol. Given circles are
through (–2, 11) is
(a) 4x + 3y = 25 (b) 7x – 24y = 320 x 2  y 2  4 x  4 y  6  0 and
(c) 3x + 4y = 38 (d) 24x + 7y + 125 = 0
x 2  y 2  10 x  10 y    0
Ans. (a)
C1   2, 2  r1  4  4  6  2
Sol. Equation of tangent is y  mx  5 1  m 2

 The tangent passes through (-2, 11) C2   5,5  r2  50  

11  2m  5 1  m 2 For exactly two common tangents

| r1  r2 | C1C2  r1  r2
 (11  2m)2  25(1  m2 )
Now, C1C2 | r1  r2 |
 121  4m 2  44m  25  25m2
 50    2  3 2
 21m 2  44m  96  0
 50    32    18
4 24
m   ,
3 7
and C1C2  r1  r2  50    2  3 2
 equation of tangent is
 50    8    42
4x 16 4 x 25
y  5 1      18, 42 
3 9 3 3
31. For the two circles x2 + y2 = 16 and x2 + y2 - 2y = 0, there is/
 3 y  4 x  25
are:
Here 3 y  4 x  25 does not satisy (-2, 11) (a) one pair of common tangents
(b) two pairs of common tangents
 4 x  3 y  25 is one tangent.
(c) three common tangents
2nd equation (d) no nommon tangent

24 576 24 125 Ans. (d)

y x  5 1  x
7 49 7 7 Sol. Given circles

 7 y  24x  125 x 2  y 2  16  C1   0, 0  and r1  4

(Here 7 y  24 x  125 does not satisfy (-2, 11)) and x 2  y 2  2 y  0  C2   0, 1 and r2  1

 7 y  24 x  125 is another tangent.
C1C2  1, r1  r2  3
Common tangents
C1C2  r1  r2
30. The set of all real values of  for which exactly two common  No common tangent will be possible.
tangents can be drawn to the circles
x2 + y2 - 4x - 4y + 6 = 0 and x2 + y2 - 10x - 10y +  = 0 is the
interval:
 10 CIRCLE

32. The centre of the circle passing through (0, 0) and (1, 0) (c) (5, –2) (d) (–2, 5)
and touching the circle x2 + y2 = 9 is Ans. (c)

1 1 1  Sol. The system of circles touches the line y = 0 at the point

(a)  ,  (b)  , 2  (3,0) is given by
2 2  2 
( x  3) 2
 y 2 )   y  0
3 1 1 3
(c)  ,  (d)  ,  As the circle passes through (1,-2), we can determine
2 2 2 2
 which gives 4  4  2  0
Ans. (b)
  4
Sol. Let equation of circle be x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0.
The circle is ( x  3)2  y 2  4 y  0 .
As it passes through (0,0) so, c = 0
A simple calculation shows that (5, –2) lies on the circle
1
and as it passes (1, 0) so,  g  , 34. The equation of the circle passing through (1, –3) & the
2
points common to the two circle,
Now x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  0 and x 2  y 2  9 touches x2 + y2 – 6x + 8y – 16 = 0, x2 + y2 + 4x – 2y – 8 = 0 is.
(a) x2 + y2 – 4x + 6y + 24 = 0
each other.
(b) 2x2 + 2y2 + 3x + y – 20 = 0
 Equation of common tangent is 2 gx  2 fy  9  0 (c) 3x2 + 3y2 – 5x + 7y – 19 = 20
and distance from the center of circle x 2  y 2  9 to the (d) none of these
common tangent is equal to the radius of circle Ans. (b)
2 2
x  y 9 Sol. Family of circle through two given circle is

x 2  y 2  6 x  8 y  16   ( x 2  y 2  4 x  2 y  8)  0
009
 3
4g 2  4 f 2  The circle passes through (1, -3)
1  9  6  24  16   (1  9  4  6  8)  0
 9 2  4( g 2  f 2 )9
  3
1 
9  4  f 2 
 Equation of circle is
 4 
4 x 2  4 y 2  6 x  2 y  40  0
9  1 4 f 2
 2 x 2  2 y 2  3 x  y  20  0
f2 2 35. The circle x2 + y2 – 2x – 3ky – 2 = 0 passes through the fixed
point :
f  2

(a) 1 3 ,0  
(b)  1 3 ,0 
 Center of the required circle be
(c)   3  1,1  (d) 1  3,1
1  1 
 , 2 , , 2 
2  2  Ans. (a)

Family of circle Sol. Given x 2  y 2  2 x  3ky  2  0

33. The circle passing through (1, –2) and touching the axis of  x 2  y 2  2 x  2  3ky  0
x at (3, 0) also passes through the point
 x 2  y 2  2 x  2  0 and y  0
(a) (–5, 2) (b) (2, –5)
 CIRCLE 11

 x 2  2 x  2  0 and y  0 x 2  y 2  3x  3 y  a 2  9  0
38. The equation of the circle described on the chord
 x  1  3,1  3 and y  0
3x + y + 5 = 0 of the circle x2 + y2 = 16 as diameter is
36. If y = 2x is a chord of the circle x2 + y2 = 10x, then the (a) x2 + y2 + 3x + y - 11 = 0
equation of the circle whose diameter is this chord is
(b) x2 + y2 + 3x + y +1 = 0
(a) x2 + y2 + 2x + 4y = 0 (b) x2 + y2 + 2x – 4y = 0
(c) x2 + y2 + 3x + y - 2 = 0
(c) x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y = 0 (d) None of these
(d) x2 + y2 + 3x + y - 22 = 0
Ans. (c)
Ans. (a)
Sol. Family of circle through the circle and line is
Sol. Equation of required circle is
x 2  y 2  10 x   ( y  2 x)  0
2 2
x 2

 y 2  16  .  3x  y  5   0
 x  y  (10  2 ) x   y  0
 x 2  y 2  3 x   y  5  16  0
 
 centre   5   ,  
 2  3 
Centre =   ,  
 2 2
 y  2 x should be the diameter
 line 3x + y + 5 = 0 is diameter of circle

  2(5   )    20  4
2  3  
 3     5  0
 2  2
   4
 equation of circle is   9    10  0    1

x2  y 2  2 x  4 y  0  Equation of circle is

37. If the line y =x +3 meets the circle x2 + y2 = a2 at A and B, x 2  y 2  3x  y  11  0

then the equation of the circle having AB as a diameter will be-
Chords of a circle
(a) x2 + y2 + 3x – 3y – a2 + 9 = 0
(b) x2 + y2 + 3x + 3y – a2 + 9 = 0 39. If the chord y = mx + 1 of the circle x2 + y2 = 1 subtends an
(c) x2 + y2 – 3x + 3y – a2 + 9 = 0 angle of measure 45° at the major segment of the circle
then value of m is
(d) None of these
Ans. (a) (a) 2  2 (b)  2  2
Sol. Equation of family of circle through given circle and line is
(c)  1 2 (d) ±1
x 2  y 2  a 2   ( y  x  3)  0 Ans. (d)
 x 2  y 2   x   y  a 2  3  0 Sol. Equation of chord y  mx  1

  Equation of circle x 2  y 2  1
 centre   2 ,  2 
Joint equation of the curve through the intersection of
line and circle be given by homogenization, i.e.,
 AB has to be diameter. Hence centre should be on
equation of AB. x 2  y 2  ( y  mx ) 2 ,
 

2
  3    3
2
 
x 2 1  m 2  2mxy  0

 equation of circle is
 12 CIRCLE

 chord subtends a right angle at the centre of circle quadratic equation

(origin)
 coefficient of x2 + coefficient of y2 = 0
m2 –1 = 0 m = ± 1
40. Let C be the circle with centre (0, 0) and radius 3 units. The
equation of the locus of the mid points of chord of the
circle C that subtend an angle of 2/3 at its centre is

3
(a) x2 + y2 = (b) x2 + y2 = 1
2

27 9
(c) x2 + y2 = (d) x2 + y2 =
4 4
Ans. (d)
Sol. Let AB is chord of circle and M(h,k) be mid point AB and
AOM  60
Now OA=OB=3 and
OM  AB (By properties of circle) A  ( p, q).C is mid-point and coordinate of C is (h,0) then,
coordinates of B are (–p + 2h, –q)
Now , OM  h2  k 2 , OM  r cos 
As B lies on the circle x 2  y 2  px  qy
h 2  k 2  3cos 60
 (  p  2h ) 2  (  q ) 2  p (  p  2h )  q (  q )
3
h2  k 2   p 2  4h 2  4 ph  q 2   p 2  2 ph  q 2
2
 2 p 2  2q 2  6 ph  4h 2  0
9 9
 h2  k 2   x2  y 2 
4 4  2h 2  3 ph  p 2  q 2  0 (i )
There are given two distinct chords which are bisected at
X-axis then, there will be two distinct values of h satisfying
Eq.(i)
So, discriminant of this quadratic equation must be >0.
D0

 ( 3 p ) 2  4.2( p 2  q 2 )  0

 9 p 2  8 p 2  8q 2  0
41. If two distinct chords, drawn from the point (p, q) on the
circle x2 + y2 = px + qy (where pq  0) are bisected by the  p 2  8q 2  0
x-axis, then :
 p 2  8q 2
(a) p2 = q2 (b) p2 = 8q2
(c) p2 < 8q2 (d) p2 > 8q2 Pair of tangents in circle
Ans. (d)
42. The equation of tangent drawn from the origin to the circle
Sol. In solving a line and a circle there often generate a quadratic x2 +y2 –2rx –2hy + h2 =0 is-
equation and futher we have to apply condition of
(a) y = 0 (b) x – y =0
Discriminant so equation converts from coordinate to
(c) (h2 – r2) x – 2rhy =0 (d) None of these
 CIRCLE 13

Ans. (c) 44. If from any point P on the circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0
Sol. Pair of tangent from (0,0) to the given equation of circle are tangents are drawn to the circle
x2 +y2 +2gx +2fy + csin2+ (g2 + f 2) cos2 = 0,
( x 2  y 2  2rx  2hy  h2 )(0  0  0  0  h2 ) 
(is acute) then the angle between the tangents is :
( x  0  y  0  r ( x  0)  h( y  0)  h ) [ SS1  T ]
2 2 2
(a)  (b) 2 

 h 2 ( x 2  y 2  2 rx  2 hy  h 2 )  ( h 2  rx  hy ) 2 (c) (d) none of these
2
 h4  r 2 x2  h2 y2  2rh2 x  2h3 y  2rhxy Ans. (b)

 h 4  2h3 y  h 2 x 2  h 2 y 2  2rh 2 x

 ( h 2  r 2 ) x 2  2rh xy  0

 x  ( h 2  r 2 ) x  2rhy   0
Sol.
 x  0 or ( h 2  r 2 ) x  2rhy  0 are two tangent.
43. The angle between the tangents from () to the circle
x2 + y2 = a2 is –

 a   a 
(a) tan  
1
(b) 2 tan 1  
 S   S 
 1  1
Let P  ( x1 , y1 )

 S1 
1 
 x12  y12  2 gx1  2 fy1  c  0 ...(i )
(c) 2 tan  (d) None of these
 a  radius,
 

Where S1 = – a2 AC  g 2  f 2  c sin 2   ( g 2  f 2 ) cos 2 

Ans. (b)
 g 2 .sin 2   f 2 .sin 2   c sin 2 

 sin  g2  f 2  c

Length of tangent, PA 
Sol.
x12  y12  2 gx1  2 fy1  c sin 2   ( g 2  f 2 ) cos2 

`  c  c sin 2   ( g 2  f 2 ) cos 2 

From(i)

 a  cos  g2  f 2  c
 tan 
2 S1
 AC sin  g2  f 2  c
 tan   | tan  |
  a  2 AP cos  g2  f 2  c
1
  tan  
2  S 
 1

      2
 a  2
  2 tan 1  
 S 
 1
 14 CIRCLE

Position of two circles with respect to each other

3 1
(c) (d)
45. The circles x2 + y2 + 2x – 2y + 1 = 0 and 2 2
x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y + 1 = 0 touch each other Ans. (a)
(a) externally at (0,1) (b) internally at (0,1) Sol. Center of T  (0, y ) and radius =y
(c) externally at (1,0) (d) internally at (1,0)
C1C2  r1  r2
Ans. (a)

Sol. C1  (1, 1), r1  1, C2  (1, 1), r2  1, r1  r2  1  ( y  1) 2  ( y  1)

C1C2  ( 1  1) 2  (1  1) 2  2  r1  r2  1 y2  2 y  1  y2  2 y  1

 Circle will touch each other externally at middle point of 1

 4y 1 y 
C1 and C2 , i.e., (0, 1). 4
46. If the two circles (x – 1)2 + (y – 3)2 = r2 and 48. The centre of a circle passing through the points (0, 0),
x2 + y2 – 8x + 2y + 8 = 0 intersect in two distinct points, (1, 0) and touching the circle x2 + y2 = 9 is :
then (a) (3/2, 1/2) (b) (1/2, 3/2)
(a) r < 2 (b) r = 2
1 
(c) r > 2 (d) 2 < r < 8 (c) (1/2, 1/2) (d)   2 
 2 
Ans. (d)
Ans. (d)
Sol. ( x  1)2  ( y  3)2  r 2
Sol. Let C1 (h, k ) be the centre of the required circle. Then,
 C1 (1,3) and r1  r
( h  0) 2  ( k  0) 2  ( h  1) 2  ( k  0) 2
( x  4)2  ( y  1) 2  9
 h 2  k 2  h 2  2h  1  k 2
 C2 (4, 1) and r2  3
1
 2h  1  0  h 
2
So C1C 2  (4  1)  (3  1)  5 2 2

Now, for intersecting circles Since, (0,0) and (1, 0) lie inside the circle x 2  y 2  9 .

r1  r2  C1C2 and | r1  r2 | C1C2 Therefore , the required circle can touch the given circle
internally.
 r  3  5 and | r  3 | 5
i.e., C1 .C2  r1  r2
 r  2 and  5  r  3  5
 h2  k 2  3  h2  k 2
 r  2 and  2  r  8
1
 r  (2,8)  2 h2  k 2  3  2  k2  3
4
47. Let C be the circle with centre at (1, 1) and radius = 1. If T
is the circle centred at (0, y), passing through origin and 1 3 1 9
touching the circle C externally, then the radius of T is   k2    k2 
4 2 4 4
equal to :
 k2  2  k   2
1 3
(a) (b)
4 2
 CIRCLE 15

49. The circles x2 + y2 + 6x + 6y = 0 and x2 + y2 – 12x – 12y =0

(a) touch each other internally
(b) touch each other externally
(c) intersect in two points
(d) cut orthogonally
Ans. (b)
Sol.

Sol.

Centre and radius of x 2  y 2  6 x  6 y  0 are 5  1

C1  (1,  3), r1  2, C2   , 3  , r2 
2  2
C1   3,  3 , r1  32  32  0  3 2
2
 5 3
2 2
Centre and radius of x  y  12 x  12 y  0 are C1C2   1    (3  3)2   r1  r2
 2  2

C2   6, 6  , r2  62  62  0  6 2  circle will touch each other internally..

51. Which of the following statements is true regarding the
C1C2  Distance between centres following two circles ?
x2 + y2 – 4x – 8y = 0 and x2 + y2 – 8x – 6y + 20 = 0
 (6  3) 2  (6  3) 2  9 2
(a) These circles do not touch each other
 C1C2  r1  r2 (b) These circles touch each other internally

 circle will touch externally (c) These circles touch each other externally
50. The two circles x2 + y2 – 2x + 6y + 6 = 0 and (d) None of these
x2 + y2 –5x + 6y + 15 = 0 Ans. (b)
(a) intersect (b) are concentric
(c) touch internally (d) touch externally
Ans. (c)
Sol.

C1  (2, 4), r1  2 5, C2  (4, 3), r2  5

C1C2  (2  4) 2  (4  3) 2  5  r1  r2

 circle will touch each other internally..

52. The locus of the centre of a circle, which touches externally
the circle x2 +y2 –6x –6y +14 =0 and also touches the
y-axis is given by the equation :
(a) x2 – 6x – 10y + 14 = 0 (b) x2 – 10x – 6y + 14 = 0
 16 CIRCLE

(c) y2 – 6x – 10y + 14 = 0 (d) y2 – 10x – 6y + 14 = 0  4h  6k  19  0 (i )

Ans. (d)
Sol. Let (h,k) be the centre of the circle which touches the k 4
Also, slope of OA  and slope of tangent at (2,4) to
h2
circle x 2  y 2  6 x  6 y  14  0 and y- axis
y  x 2 is 4 [using differentiation]
The centre of given circle is (3,3) and radius is
And (slope of OA). (slope of tangent at A) = –1
32  32  14  9  9  14  2 (as they are perpendicular to one another)
Since, the circle touches Y-axis, the distance from its centre
to Y-axis must be equal to its radius, therefore its radius is k 4
 .4  1
h. Again, the circles meet externally, therefore the distance h2
between two centre = sum of the radii of the two circles.
 4k  16   h  2
Hence, (h  3) 2  (k  3) 2  (2  h) 2
h  4k  18 (ii )
2 2 2
h  9  6h  k  9  6k  4  h  4h On solving Eqs.(i) and (ii), we get

i.e, k 2  10h  6k  14  0 53
k
10
Thus, the locus of ( h, k ) is y 2  10 x  6 y  14  0

Misc examples-circles 16
And h  
5
53. The centre of the circle passing through the point (0,1)
and touching the curve y = x2 at (2, 4) is :  16 53

 Centre coordinates are   5 , 10 
 16 27   16 53 
(a)   ,  (b)   ,  54. For the circle x2 + y2 +4x –7y +12 =0 the following statement
 5 10   7 10 
is true-
 16 53  (a) the length of tangent from (1, 2) is 7
(c)   ,  (d) none of these
 5 10  (b) Intercept on y-axis is 2

Ans. (c) (c) intercept on x-axis is 2– 2

Sol. Let centre of circle be (h, k) (d) None of these
2
So that OA  OB 2
Ans. (d)

Sol. Length of tangents from (1, 2)

 (1) 2  (2) 2  4  1  7  2  12  7

Intercept on y axis, put x = 0

 y 2  7 y  12  0, y1  y2  7, y1 y2  12

( y1  y2 ) 2  ( y1  y2 )2  4 y1 y2  49  48  1

 y1  y2  1

Intercept on x axis, put y = 0

 x 2  4 x  12  0, x1  x2  4, x1 .x2  12

 h 2  ( k  1) 2  ( h  2) 2  ( k  4) 2
 CIRCLE 17

 ( x1  x2 )2  ( 4) 2  4  12  32(ve)  radius  (3  1)2  (0  2) 2  2 2

 circle will not cut the x-axis 58. The greatest distance of the point P (10, 7) from the circle
55. The line joining (5, 0) to (10 cos, 10 sin) is divided x2 + y2 – 4x –2y – 20 = 0 is-
internally in the ratio 2 : 3 at P. If varies then the locus of Ans. (15)
P is :
(a) a pair of straight lines (b) a circle
(c) a straight line (d) none of these
(10, 7) C
Ans. (b) Sol.
P (2, 1)
 2 10cos   3  5 2 10sin   3  0 
Sol. P  ,   (h, k )
 23 23 

 h  4 cos   3, k  4sin  Centre, C  (2,1) , radius = 5

 (4 cos  ) 2  (4sin  ) 2  ( h  3) 2  k 2  CP  (10  2) 2  (7  1) 2  10

 ( h  3) 2  k 2  16  greatest distance  10  r  10  5  15 .
59. The length of intercept on y-axis, by a circle whose diameter
 locus is ( x  3) 2  y 2  16 , which is equation of circle. is the line joining the points (–4, 3) & (12, –1) is-
56. The centres of a set of circles, each of radius 3, lie on the Ans. (14.42)
circle x2 + y2 = 25. The locus of any point in the set is Sol. Equation of circle is
(a) 4  x2 + y2  64 (b) x2 + y2  25
( x  4)( x  12)  ( y  3)( y  1)  0
(c) x2 + y2  25 (d) 3  x2 + y2  9
Ans. (a)  x 2  y 2  8 x  2 y  51  0

Sol. Let C lie on x 2  y 2  25 To find length of y intercept put x = 0

Let S be the set of circles with radius 3 and center (h, k)  y 2  2 y  51  0

any point P(h, k) on S will be 3 units from center C. Distance
y1  y2  2, y1 . y2  51
from origin will be at least 5  3  2 and 5  3  8
( y1  y2 ) 2  ( y1  y2 ) 2  4 y1 y2  4  204  208
2 2
2 h k 8
 y1  y2  208  4 13.
4  h 2  k 2  64
60. The circle x2 + y2 + 4x – 7y + 12 = 0 cuts an intercept on y-
Locus is
axis which is equal to
4  x 2  y 2  64 Ans. (1.00)

Numerical Valued Type Questions Sol. put x = 0

y 2  7 y  12  0, y1  y2  7, y1 . y2  12
57. The radius of the circle passing through the points
(1, 2), (5, 2) & (5, –2) is :
 ( y1  y2 ) 2  (7) 2  4  12  1
Ans. (2.83)
 y1  y2  1
Sol. A  (1, 2), B  (5, 2), C  (5, 2)
61. The length of the chord of the circle (x – 3)2 + (y – 5)2 = 80
 equation of perpendicular bisector of AB is x =3
cut off by the line 3x – 4y – 9 = 0 is
Equation of perpendicular bisector of BC is y = 0
Ans. (16)
 centre of the circle is (3, 0)
 18 CIRCLE

A  (1, 2), r  5
Equation of tangent at B

x  7 y  ( x  1)  2( y  7)  20  0

Sol.  5 y  35  0

 y  7 ...(i )

Distance of centre from the given line, Equation of tangent at D

3 3  4  5  9 4 x  2 y  ( x  4)  2( y  2)  20  0
20
CM   4
(3) 2  (4) 2 5  3x  4 y  20  0 ...(ii )
From (i) and (ii)
 AM  AC 2  CM 2  80  16  8
C  (16, 7)
 length of chord AB = 2AM = 16.
62. The value of |c| for which the line y = 2x + c is a tangent to  Length of tangent
the circle x2 + y2 = 16, is BC  256  49  32  28  20  15
Ans. (8.94)
 area ABCD  2  areaABC
Sol. a  radius of circle,  a  4
The line will be tangent if 1
 2   5  15  75
2
c 2  a 2 (1  m 2 )  16(1  2 2 )  80
65. The area of the triangle formed by the tangents from the
 c  4 5 point (4, 3) to the circle x² + y² = 9 and the line joining their
point of contact is :
63. The square of the length of the tangent from (3, –4) to the
circle x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y + 3 = 0 is Ans. (7.68)

Ans. (40)
Sol. Length of tangent

 (3) 2  (4) 2  4  3  6  ( 4)  3

 40
 square of length of tangent = 40 Sol.
64. Let A be the centre of the circle x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y – 20 = 0,
and B (1,7) and D (4, –2) are points on the circle then, if
tangents be drawn at B and D, which meet at C, then area
of quadrilateral ABCD is-
Ans. (75)

Length of tangent  (4) 2  (3)2  9  4  T

equation of chord of contact is 4 x  3 y  9  0

Sol.
 Length of perpendicular from (4, 3) to chord of contact
 CIRCLE 19

4  4  3 3  9 16 C1C2  (3  3) 2  (0  1) 2  37
P 
2
(4)  (3) 2 5
 C1C2  r1  r2

2  circle will not intersect

 16  12
 MC  ( AC ) 2  AM 2  (4) 2    
 5 5  no.of common targent is 4.
68. The number of common tangents to the circles
 area of ABC  2  area of AMC x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y + 1 = 0 and x2 + y2 – 12x – 16y + 91 = 0 is
Ans. (4)
1
 2   AM  MC
2 Sol. C1  (1, 2), r1  2, C2  (6, 8), r2  3

16 12 192 C1C2  (1  6) 2  (2  8) 2  61
  
5 5 25
 C1C2  r1  r2
66. The angle between the two tangents from the origin to the
circle (x – 7)² + (y + 1)² = 25 equals :  Both circle will not intersect.
Ans. (90)  no.of common tangent is 4.
69. The value of , for which the circle
x2 + y2 + 2x + 6y + 1 = 0 inersects the circle
x2 + y2 + 4x + 2y = 0 orthogonally, is
Ans. (–1.25)
Sol. Sol.  intersection is orthogonal. Hence
2 g1 g 2  2 f1 f 2  c1  c2

 2    2  2  3 1  1  0

5
  
4
C  (7, 1), AC  r  5
70. The value of k for which the circles x2 + y2 + 5x + 3y + 7 = 0
Length of tangent PA and x2 + y2 – 8x + 6y + k = 0 intersects orthogonally.
 (0  7) 2  (0  1)  25  5 Ans. (–18)

Sol. 2 g1 g 2  2 f1 f 2  c1  c2
 AC 5
 tan   1
2 AP 5 5 3
 2   (4)  2   3  7  k
2 2
 
  45 
2 4  k  18


 
2
67. The number of common tangents that can be drawn to two
circles x2 + y2 = 6x and x2 + y2 + 6x + 2y + 1 = 0 is
Ans. (4)

Sol. C1  (3, 0), r1  3, C2  (3, 1), r2  3