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DS using C notes

The document discusses various logical statements, including declarative, simple, compound, and negation statements, along with their truth values and relationships. It also covers logical operations such as conjunction, disjunction, and conditional statements, as well as quantifiers like universal and existential. Additionally, the document touches on argument structures and reasoning principles, including premises and conclusions.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
20 views29 pages

DS using C notes

The document discusses various logical statements, including declarative, simple, compound, and negation statements, along with their truth values and relationships. It also covers logical operations such as conjunction, disjunction, and conditional statements, as well as quantifiers like universal and existential. Additionally, the document touches on argument structures and reasoning principles, including premises and conclusions.

Uploaded by

arkaofficial.in
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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T t c PAT T T iT Ss F E T pe ae ae FOR P ' F TT FF F Tee GF , : T rom fer TF me T t TO F al TT (49 a3, Pmitleur : Whoever ¢ Si epuiveuent and denrted © PSD ane Agr coy gq fb the incl teuth tables ace ally _eyyuival Logit wo fakeme /wo p —pvy) and Pp M7 prime treuth Vere, pvt) = ler Pr Redo al $ ao S 4 > \ S Eleeerreee Sipe Shs == Z| er ele PeEPCr eu oa pipRe arr ae elprR ou aera — ce | at frre Gee ajerePuuee Towkbogys— dp the Wred stalonend 0b tonpourdl Selene “6 = true Whatever U8 prime — Component ts, then tb ts coved faulotog [rr A eva)] +4 4 + Pog ok Oe CR be 0 (ever) + + a ea sew) 1 T + F F 7 . E 7 | | Conteads'otion i— Sk ote Lind 8tatement ob a Compound Stokemen! > ahous + ( f fe, thon: tt 5 fs adwoys Parse vohagewert LH prime Component 48 » ther called —confeadiction - T E miavd 4aAs vi0H AApn nov 4 pony is ie > | i aD oe | Predicake:— A preedicake pind & a senfenee hak Conde’ | Ob pintte nor: oly Vartotbled nn Aeromesd Ronee | when Speuttie vatue? are subsrtutated bor He Vewciubic | « Intnene op yxy PreoposiHtonc bunch'on tot A ie oh predicate ! variable, - m= =~ «6&6 66m dein an, 40k PUN denote the Srakerent "2" inthak are Ye rub Value ob PW) and Pay? Py setting, as 4 4yd Bo Value #5 Hue, PA) Sebhing M2 Q 3S ' Xo vutue & Fol&e, © BH Lak QT) denote He Statement “as 48" Inu ane tre “ruth vowed ob: Hoe psopasiHons- Aa) and alee)? m= 415 a( se) | O(a) 12 3 | Bie OF3 ~y lo, oe So vt ts Dose. ih) A & tree, QQuankifien +— uanliviors webened os qpontiies Auth os ee Lomo? ot Sol” An indicate how Frresyuerly a certouin Statement 6 tue, + Thane ome tom Hp 8 uaa cd Universal quantitier. ed Enidstendiad opuanti bier ow universal pucerd bie — The phaose “for au” denoted be Y. Ths is could universal quanttdier. SiN Mi Students ano Acar “ms ann po) |v pm) | Enuistential quand bert + — ~ The phase “Yhene enuists” dlenoterl t “Jo This & called the enuistential prank tien, en = 4 yp) Qe uh De Fra 1 deen, The truth Vole oF each ob the. tnooig. Oy (Ho meo) a4 LIS (Trae ) by (9 eeehoanem Chae ‘7 (v* ep), AY QP (Faue ) dy (4 aed), ay 71S ( Fouse ) | | | ~~ Se By Oy PA —*P Po =p PNP T OF F FOOT F dy pv TP Po mp pNP | T c T FOOT T 7 eye 7e Dee pve (py 7 OT Fe T ae T OF T a ro F T foe OT i , oF or vr) (Pr) pe PN ent (ever) see) 7 oT OT as e T t e e T 7 F e pF OF a f q 7 Cage 7) ne pe a TPL ay 7 a eanocr 770) ap op fF EO fo aT Toe £ rT a T} _ i a i 17 ee 7 - © (979) 7 4 7) Fg rae war UTD AeH) | T T ie = T £ F T FT T a a r FoF T , T | T ay . os pe po 7 c oa T Ww pop fap PDP T e F i: F 7 PO (eva) a a Aa POY) , ; 7T TOOT c T OF T T T T Poe oF F F (PA) 7 (pvv) tf © pny Pv. (Pas). eve) . TOT o> pS qT c F rT i 7 es E t T Fo ¢ E fC z acy 0) F _ i ah 7 a = & eluate i © © Qtr r = e ela Ee ne GuGderee | ~ z r Rac r | & mas De Gear ej-aad y leer = ah , G . on = pe e tHe beau er SEM & rerun efeere = Paresh res P ea elprhuw — | rroe | Ferrer baw 7 ? p. a. 4> (PO%) 7 (P71) Pp NX POW 3% — PO TH (PO) —HPOr4) r — ee FPR ¢ E y FT F T Ec T T £ £ fa E e e aE I T MY ty P@p ? Pee T ec Fe Ep bre ve fu 3p PH 7p T Fe ae Poo q “7 O79 fh & ar PO, We A e T T F i. F e | e c F F T T ype we Ph PO TH p Pe > OT Fe eC e T i € T ov F JT Tt € + F e ! T e & (POG) VPO 1%), — << vv fer ae POT (oxy (7) fe TOF F I ] eee ‘i Tt T T 6 ip T | FOF RTT T | £ a4) A © 7%) ‘ 7 (ow Ato” aw PHT Ov ALOT). a 2 ee cea e t E a ee F * | F T T c Nested __ Ruut fror — a (a peo) Fev re cal (s* py) = yu ~ p(y Ly Tico qankyres — ace Said ob others Iv m Ty Pw \ preoposi orl yuncHion ) qo be nested fe one 5 witlu'n the rune Pea va syne) By wre) yn ey PU) pradere ob ¥u Ff Ty eden, og panties doe rmabtert, qualities won| Ft YH not mater ga Sf Sue a ond be te reat nusmberd and plat) denoted “arg 0" : Gr. Find the truth Values ob 7 vn vy p(t) (Fause ) by ya ST p(t) (Tae) Rules Ob srberenve :— ; Premise y— Ge és a proposition on he basis ob whith ve con dra a conetustors : % Premise can be Considered a& aasumpbin, Conclusion Pncusion »— 4 = Considered as Yo nexulk ob aasumpHin . dls preemie then Conulusion. Anqument — J. & a Set ob One on more premise and Conelugion » : Vaid ongument ’— Mn “curtqumend Fem * & scouted wuld, _ F Whenevert QU the hypothesis cree rue then Conclusion (Ss cuss ture, ' yo a es reining, then | ly wate oot bat » Pa + ts eulning. c=, Twervobort | vill wakeh bpothcu fo -~y [ern Ploy Ryle’ ob stnbomente — wee / Rades eo Reon Pp Pay 7 _ — Modu ponen3 ( baw fi ZL |r rajn Prt por L (Po 5 > wonwaion. ar Po as Juz 4oliend. jp 7 p- Mo ay por aN P7477 eee: oP oo ah Pate _ Hypothetical / gan (PV) (4-78) 7 Pe Syllagism “Pare - Dissanckve Slloy’sm yee (pmereon- o a 7 P P— PVG - Aiton V4 ; 7 rae OR (pn) ae > Sey en op fee 4 lp (P var) (7 wj\—y Ze ~ Reouakion, Sapvet a (Pn) —7 (Pav) ~ Orviuaion py - Fe aeRO errr errr ere reece reer ere abuprse the condivorut statement & 2h 28 Snow5 oder hen oF Skiioy- and US hypothests Snovdingr today” PAD eee eee US OF ay ' { a By “Toda pend nile we can Lind $e reauttcnt tS Suite, @: bw & not sunny nis abfternvon and Hts Glded than portend | We wl!) qe “Samat Ouy

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