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The document is a laboratory experiment manual for Virtual Instrumentation using LabVIEW, aimed at teaching students about the concepts of virtual instruments and data interfacing. It outlines the necessary components, the need for virtual instrumentation, and provides a brief overview of LabVIEW's functionality. Various exercises are included to help students implement and understand virtual instruments, including signal generation, data acquisition, and filter circuit analysis.

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8 views4 pages

Me 5

The document is a laboratory experiment manual for Virtual Instrumentation using LabVIEW, aimed at teaching students about the concepts of virtual instruments and data interfacing. It outlines the necessary components, the need for virtual instrumentation, and provides a brief overview of LabVIEW's functionality. Various exercises are included to help students implement and understand virtual instruments, including signal generation, data acquisition, and filter circuit analysis.

Uploaded by

udaykeshav2005
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Measurements & Electronic Instruments Laboratory Experiment Manual

Department of Electrical Engineering, I.I.T. Kharagpur

VIRTUAL INSTRUMENTATION USING LABVIEW


Aim of the experiment:

To study about the basic concepts of Virtual Instrumentation and programming in


application software, LaBVIEW and interfacing of real-world data to a virtual instrument.

Components required: A PC with LabVIEW software, Data acquisition card, Function


Generator, Digital Storage Oscilloscope, few resistors and capacitors, breadboard

Need of Virtual Instrumentation

Function generators, Oscilloscopes, Multimeters, etc. are commonly used equipment


for measurement and instrumentation.These conventional instruments can be used to perform
specific tasks and cannot be customized to perform analysis/control/user-friendly display of
the measurement results. Virtual Instrumentation provides an “all-equipment-in-one-PC”
solution to tackle the above problem. It basically emulates the conventional instruments and
provides advanced computation features with the help of a PC, application software and data-
acquisition units. The emulated versions of the instruments with user-specific and advanced
computation features are usually known as Virtual Instruments (VI). LabVIEW (a product of
National Instruments) is a popular application-software used to build Virtual Instruments.
This software and its associated data-acquisition kits will be used for this experiment. A brief
overview of LabVIEW software (Link: http://www.ni.com/labview/) is given below.

LabVIEW (Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench) is a graphical


programming language that can be used to create virtual instruments. A Virtual Instrument
developed in LabVIEW has two panels, namely (i) Front panel, (ii) Block diagram. Front panel
contains the graphical interface with which a user interacts (see below figure). It can house
various graphical objects ranging from simple buttons to complex graphs. Block Diagram is
the window where the graphical code is created(below figure). The representative VI, shown
in Fig. 1, adds two sine waves of different frequencies and displays the result in a suitable graph.
There are many more functionalities available in LabVIEW. Refer to the below link for more
information.

http://www.ni.com/getting-started/labview-basics/environment

(1)
Front Panel

Block Diagram

Fig. 1. A simple Virtual Instrument which adds two sine waves of different frequencies and
displays the result in a graph

Exercises

a) Implement the VI shown in Fig. 1. Study the different settings (e. g., samples per
second, number of samples) present in “Simulate Signal” VI. Obtain the modulated (i.
e., added) signal in a suitable display in the front panel of the VI.
(2)
(b) Write a VI program to multiply two sine waves (say, qA and qB) of same frequency.
Amplitudes of the sine waves can be assumed to have arbitrary values. Further, obtain the
average value of the multiplied signal using suitable blocks in LabVIEW. Display this value
on a suitable indicator in the front panel. Note this value for different phase differences
between qA and qB.

Assume qA is a voltage signal and qB is current signal across a passive element. Then, which
physical quantity is represented by the quantity displayed in the front panel.

Fig. 2. Configuration Window of DAQ assistant block.


(c) (i) A Data-Acquisition System (DAS) mydaq, compatible with LabVIEW, is provided to
you. Link: http://www.ni.com/mydaq/. Study the specifications of the kit.

(ii) Learn how to acquire basic signals (sine, triangle) from a function generator to a PC using
LABVIEW and the above DAS kit. Set the frequency of the signals as 100 Hz. Use a DAQ
assistant block (see Fig. 2).

(iii) Also, generate a sine wave of 200 Hz frequency from LABVIEW (i. e., PC) and see the
output signals in an oscilloscope. DAQ assistant block needs to be suitably configured during
these experiments.

(d) Develop a suitable virtual instrument to acquire a sine wave signal of 100 Hz frequency
when a switch pressed. Hint: Use Case structure in LABVIEW, see the figure below

(3)
(e) A passive filter circuit having unknown cut-off frequency (i. e., unknown passive components) is
given to you. The cut-off or centre frequency of the circuit is known to be in the range of
100 Hz - 10 kHz. Write a LabVIEW program to identify the type of filter circuit (Low-
Pass/High-Pass/Band-Pass/Band-Reject). Plot the amplitude response in graph paper.
Estimate the gain, cut-off frequency, and bandwidth of the circuit.

Hint:

1. Give a sinusoidal signal as input to the unknown filter circuit. Acquire the output of the
unknown circuit using the DAQ Assistant VI.

2. Write a code to obtain amplitude of the acquired signal. Change the input signal frequency
from 50 Hz to 20 kHz and note-down/store the signal amplitude (in VI) for different
frequencies. Plot them on semilog graph paper and estimate the required parameters.

(4)

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