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Ecosystem For Class6

Ecosystems are communities where living organisms interact with each other and their environment, classified into natural and man-made types. They consist of biotic components like producers, consumers, and decomposers, and abiotic components such as air and water, providing essential functions like clean air and food. Understanding food chains, food webs, and ecological pyramids helps us recognize the energy flow and the importance of protecting these systems for future generations.

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Gourav Chauhan
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7 views2 pages

Ecosystem For Class6

Ecosystems are communities where living organisms interact with each other and their environment, classified into natural and man-made types. They consist of biotic components like producers, consumers, and decomposers, and abiotic components such as air and water, providing essential functions like clean air and food. Understanding food chains, food webs, and ecological pyramids helps us recognize the energy flow and the importance of protecting these systems for future generations.

Uploaded by

Gourav Chauhan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Understanding Ecosystems

Introduction
Have you ever wondered how plants, animals, and humans live together in nature? The
place where living things interact with each other and with their surroundings is called an
ecosystem. An ecosystem is like a community where all living beings, like plants, animals,
and tiny microorganisms, work together with non-living things like air, water, and soil to
survive.

Let’s learn more about ecosystems and how they work!

Ecosystem and Its Classification


An ecosystem can be big or small. It can be a forest, a pond, a desert, or even your garden.
Ecosystems are classified into two main types:
1. Natural Ecosystems: These occur naturally and are not made by humans. Examples
include:
- Forest: A large area with lots of trees and animals.
- Pond: A small water body where fish, frogs, and water plants live.

2. Man-Made Ecosystems: These are created by humans. Examples include:


- Aquarium: A tank with water where fish and plants live.
- Crop Fields: Areas where farmers grow plants like wheat and rice.

Components and Functions of an Ecosystem


An ecosystem has two main parts:

1. Biotic Components (Living Things):


- Producers: Plants make their own food using sunlight, water, and air. They are called
producers.
- Consumers: Animals eat plants or other animals. They are called consumers. For
example:
- Herbivores: Animals that eat only plants (e.g., deer, cow).
- Carnivores: Animals that eat other animals (e.g., lion, tiger).
- Omnivores: Animals that eat both plants and animals (e.g., humans, bear).
- Decomposers: Tiny organisms like bacteria and fungi break down dead plants and
animals into nutrients for the soil.

2. Abiotic Components (Non-Living Things):


- Air, water, soil, sunlight, and temperature.

Functions of Ecosystems:
- Ecosystems provide us with clean air, water, and food.
- They recycle nutrients and maintain balance in nature.

Food Chain
A food chain shows how energy flows from one living thing to another in an ecosystem. For
example:

Grass → Grasshopper → Frog → Snake → Eagle

- Grass is eaten by the grasshopper.


- The grasshopper is eaten by the frog.
- The frog is eaten by the snake.
- The snake is eaten by the eagle.

This is how energy from the sun passes through different living beings.

Food Web and Biomagnification

Food Web
In nature, animals eat more than one type of food. A food web is a network of food chains. It
shows how plants and animals are connected in an ecosystem. For example, a bird can eat
seeds, insects, or worms.

Biomagnification
When harmful chemicals enter the food chain, they increase as they move up the chain. This
process is called biomagnification. For example, if a pond has polluted water, small fish
absorb the chemicals. When bigger fish eat them, the harmful chemicals grow in amount.
This can harm animals and humans who eat fish.

Ecological Pyramids
An ecological pyramid shows the flow of energy, number, or biomass (weight) of living
things in an ecosystem. There are three types of ecological pyramids:

1. Pyramid of Numbers: Shows the number of organisms at each level of a food chain. For
example, there are more plants than herbivores, and more herbivores than carnivores.
2. Pyramid of Biomass: Shows the total weight of living things at each level.
3. Pyramid of Energy: Shows how energy decreases as it moves from producers to
consumers. Plants capture the most energy from the sun, and the least energy is available to
top carnivores.

Conclusion
Ecosystems are amazing! They teach us how all living and non-living things are connected.
By taking care of nature, we can protect these wonderful systems for future generations.

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