SECTION-A
Q. No Answer
1 Memory Management (Any two )
Processor Management
Device Management
File Management
Network Management
Security
Control over system performance
Job accounting
Error detecting aids
Coordination between other software and users
2 Dual-mode operation is designed to provide a layer of protection and stability to
computer systems by separating user programs and the operating system into two
modes: user mode and kernel mode.
3 Each process may be in any one of the following states −
New − The process is being created.
Running − In this state the instructions are being executed.
Waiting − The process is in waiting state until an event occurs like I/O
operation completion or receiving a signal.
Ready − The process is waiting to be assigned to a processor.
Terminated − the process has finished execution.
4 The buffer is an area in the main memory used to store or hold the
data temporarily. In other words, buffer temporarily stores data transmitted from
one place to another, either between two devices or an application. The act of storing
data temporarily in the buffer is called buffering.
5 CPU utilization represents the amount of work a CPU handles to process resources
or manage an operating system’s tasks.
6 The critical section is a code segment where the shared variables can be accessed. An
atomic action is required in a critical section i.e. only one process can execute in its
critical section at a time. All the other processes have to wait to execute in their
critical sections.
7 A Deadlock is a situation where each of the computer process waits for a resource
which is being assigned to some another process. In this situation, none of the
process gets executed since the resource it needs, is held by some other process
which is also waiting for some other resource to be released.
8 limit register tell us that we always access under the limits of the process. whenever a
request is made of data or instruction in a process. the base address is added with
limit register. every request must be less than this address.
9 Virtual memory uses both hardware and software to enable a computer to
compensate for physical memory shortages, temporarily transferring data from
random access memory (RAM) to disk storage.
10 Page replacement is needed in the operating systems that use virtual memory using
Demand Paging. As we know that in Demand paging, only a set of pages of a
process is loaded into the memory. This is done so that we can have more processes
in the memory at the same time.
11 Open operation: ADVERTISEMENT (ANY Two)
Write operation: ADVERTISEMENT
Read operation: ADVERTISEMENT
Re-position or Seek operation
Delete operation:
Truncate operation:
Close operation:
Append operation:
12 Disc scheduling is an important process in operating systems that determines the
order in which disk access requests are serviced.
SECTION-B
Q. No Answer
1
