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% HHT-alpha Method For A 5-DOF Mass

This document outlines a MATLAB script that implements the HHT-alpha method for solving the equations of motion of a 5-degree-of-freedom mass-spring-damper system. It includes the definition of system parameters, time integration parameters, external forces, and initial conditions, followed by a function that performs the HHT-alpha integration. The results are then plotted for displacement, velocity, and acceleration for each degree of freedom over the simulation time.

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14 views3 pages

% HHT-alpha Method For A 5-DOF Mass

This document outlines a MATLAB script that implements the HHT-alpha method for solving the equations of motion of a 5-degree-of-freedom mass-spring-damper system. It includes the definition of system parameters, time integration parameters, external forces, and initial conditions, followed by a function that performs the HHT-alpha integration. The results are then plotted for displacement, velocity, and acceleration for each degree of freedom over the simulation time.

Uploaded by

koulliredouane
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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% HHT-alpha Method for a 5-DOF Mass-Spring-Damper System

% This script solves M * U'' + C * U' + K * U = F


% using the HHT-alpha time integration method.

%% System Parameters
n = 5; % Number of degrees of freedom

% Mass matrix (assume unit mass for each DOF for simplicity)
M = eye(n);

% Damping matrix (assuming proportional damping)


c_val = 0.1; % Damping coefficient
C = c_val * eye(n);

% Stiffness matrix for a 5-DOF system with springs of stiffness k


k_val = 10; % Stiffness of each spring
K = diag(2 * k_val * ones(n, 1)) - diag(k_val * ones(n-1, 1), 1) - diag(k_val *
ones(n-1, 1), -1);

%% Time Integration Parameters


dt = 0.01; % Time step (s)
t_max = 2; % Total simulation time (s)
alpha = -0.1; % HHT-alpha parameter (typically between -0.3 and 0)

% Derived parameters for HHT-alpha method


gamma = 0.5 * (1 - 2 * alpha);
beta = (1 - alpha)^2 / 4;

%% External Force
numSteps = floor(t_max / dt) + 1;
F = zeros(n, numSteps); % External force matrix (size: n x numSteps)
F(1, 1:floor(numSteps/4)) = 1; % Apply a step force to the first DOF for the first
quarter of the simulation

%% Initial Conditions
U0 = zeros(n, 1); % Initial displacement vector
V0 = zeros(n, 1); % Initial velocity vector

%% Call the HHT-alpha Function


[U, V, A] = HHT_alpha(M, C, K, F, dt, t_max, alpha, U0, V0);

%% Plot Results for Each Degree of Freedom


time = 0:dt:t_max;

figure;
for i = 1:n
subplot(n, 3, 3*(i-1)+1);
plot(time, U(i, :), 'b');
title(['Displacement of DOF ', num2str(i)]);
xlabel('Time (s)');
ylabel('Displacement (m)');

subplot(n, 3, 3*(i-1)+2);
plot(time, V(i, :), 'r');
title(['Velocity of DOF ', num2str(i)]);
xlabel('Time (s)');
ylabel('Velocity (m/s)');

subplot(n, 3, 3*(i-1)+3);
plot(time, A(i, :), 'g');
title(['Acceleration of DOF ', num2str(i)]);
xlabel('Time (s)');
ylabel('Acceleration (m/s^2)');
end

%% HHT-alpha Function Definition


function [U, V, A] = HHT_alpha(M, C, K, F, dt, t_max, alpha, U0, V0)
% HHT-alpha method for solving M * U'' + C * U' + K * U = F
% Inputs:
% M : Mass matrix
% C : Damping matrix
% K : Stiffness matrix
% F : External force vector (size: numDOF x numSteps)
% dt : Time step
% t_max : Maximum simulation time
% alpha : HHT-alpha parameter (usually between -0.3 and 0)
% U0 : Initial displacement
% V0 : Initial velocity
%
% Outputs:
% U : Displacement vector
% V : Velocity vector
% A : Acceleration vector

% Derived HHT parameters


gamma = 0.5 * (1 - 2 * alpha);
beta = (1 - alpha)^2 / 4;

% Number of time steps


numSteps = floor(t_max / dt) + 1;
numDOF = size(M, 1); % Number of degrees of freedom

% Initialize response vectors


U = zeros(numDOF, numSteps); % Displacement
V = zeros(numDOF, numSteps); % Velocity
A = zeros(numDOF, numSteps); % Acceleration

% Initial conditions
U(:, 1) = U0;
V(:, 1) = V0;
A(:, 1) = M \ (F(:, 1) - C * V(:, 1) - K * U(:, 1));

% Effective stiffness matrix


K_eff = (1 + alpha) * K + gamma / (beta * dt) * (1 + alpha) * C + 1 / (beta *
dt^2) * M;

% Time integration loop


for i = 2:numSteps
% Effective force vector
F_eff = (1 + alpha) * F(:, i) + ...
M * (1 / (beta * dt^2) * U(:, i-1) + 1 / (beta * dt) * V(:, i-1) +
(0.5 / beta - 1) * A(:, i-1)) + ...
C * (gamma / (beta * dt) * U(:, i-1) + (gamma / beta - 1) * V(:, i-
1) + dt * (gamma / (2 * beta) - 1) * A(:, i-1));

% Solve for displacement at the next time step


U(:, i) = K_eff \ F_eff;
% Calculate acceleration and velocity for the next step
A(:, i) = 1 / (beta * dt^2) * (U(:, i) - U(:, i-1)) - 1 / (beta * dt) *
V(:, i-1) - (0.5 / beta - 1) * A(:, i-1);
V(:, i) = V(:, i-1) + dt * ((1 - gamma) * A(:, i-1) + gamma * A(:, i));
end
end

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