Work, Power and Energy

TOPIC : WORK, POWER & ENERGY

EXERCISE # 1
PART – I
SECTION : (A)
1. W = (force) (displacement) = (force) (zero) = 0

2. 25 = 5 × 10 × cos so  = 60º

3. W = F . (r2 – r1) = 100 J

4. W = 20 × 10 × 20 × 0.25 = 1000 J
          
7. Work done = F.S = (5 i  3 j  4k).(6 i  5k) = (5 i  3 j  4k).(6 i  4 j  5k) = (30 + 0 – 20) = 10 unit

8. The height (h) tranversed by particle while going up is :

u2 25
h= =
2g 2  9.8
Work done by gravity force = mg.h

25
= 0.1 × g × cos180
2  9.8
25
(Angle between force and displacement is 180°)  W = – 0.1 × = – 1.25 J
2
10. Net work done in sliding a body up to a height h on inclined plane
= Work done against gravitational force + Work done against frictional force
 W = Ws + Wf ... (i)
but W = 300 J
W g = mgh = 2 × 10 × 10 = 200 J
putting in equation (i), we get
300 = 200 + W f  Wf = 300 – 200 = 100 J

11. P Q = (2 -3) î + (-1 -2) ĵ (4 + (-1) k̂

F.PQ = – 4 + 9 + 10 = 15 J

A
B F
12. /////////////////////
Consider the blocks shown in the figure to be moving together due to friction between them.
The free body diagrams of both the blocks is shown below.
A f1
f1
f2 B
Work done by static friction on A is positive and on B is negative.

13. Force is perpendicular to displacement hence work done is zero

14. Work done by first man + work done by gravity = 0 ...(i)

work done by second man + work done by gravity = 0 ...(ii)
Ratio of work done by them = 1 : 1

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1 1 1
15. S1 = g 12 , s2 = g 22 , S3 = g 32
2 2 2
1 1
S2 – S1 = g 3, S3 –S2 = g5
2 2
W 1 = (mg) S1, W 2 = (mg) (S2 – S1) , W 3 = (mg) (S3 – S2)
W1 : W 2 : W3 = 1 : 3 : 5

1 2
16. T = mg + ma, S = at
2
WT = T × S

17. (3) W  (3iˆ  cjˆ  2k).(

ˆ 4iˆ  2jˆ  3k)
ˆ  6Joule
W  12  2c  6  6  c  6

SECTION (B)
1
1
1. W=
 F dx =
0
6
J

5
2 3
2. W=
 F dx = 7 × 5 – 25 ×
0
2
+ 125 ×
3
= 135 J

K 
3. WF =   S  ds = K In s + C Ans : (4)

6. Key Idea : If a constant force is applied on the object causing a displacement in it, then it is said that
work has been done on the body to displace it. Work done by the force = Force × Displacement
or W=F×s ... (i)
But from Newton’s 2nd law, we have
Force = Mass × Acceleration
i.e., F = ma ... (ii)
Hence, from equation (i) and (ii), we get
 d2 s   d2 s 
W = mas = m  2  s ... (iii)  a  2 
 dt   dt 
  
1 2 d2 s d  d  1 2  d 2  2 dt 2
Now, we have s = t  =   t   = dt   3 t  = =
3 dt 2
dt  dt  3     3 dt 3
2 2 1 2
Hence, eq. (iii) becomes W = ms = m  t 2 = mt 2
3 3 3 9
2 8
We have given m = 3 kg, t = 2 s  W =  3(2)2 = J
9 3

x2 2

 F.dx   (5  2x)dx
2
8. dW = F.dx  W= = 5x  x 2 = 14 J.
0
x1 0

1 1
9. W = KE = = 9t2 + 2 = × 2 (832 – 22)
2 2
v(3) = 83 ms–1 and v(0) = 2 ms–1 = (6889 – 4) = 6885 J.

x1
x12
10. W= 
o
cx dx = c
2

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11. Work done is displacing the particle

W= F. r
= (5 î + 3 ĵ + 2 k̂ ). (2 î – ĵ )
= 5 × 2 + 3 × (–1) + 2 × 0
= 10 – 3
=7J

SECTION (C)
P2
1. KE = =1
2m

F 1 F 2  Ft 2 
W F = FS = F 
 t ,  2m 
2. a= , S=
m 2 m  

1
3. W = area = 80 = (0.1) u2 – 0 ,
2
so u = 40 m/s

1 1 1 1
4. WG = mVf2 – mVi2 , mg h = mVf2 – mV2,
2 2 2 2
So Vf is free from direction of V.

5. W = K

V Vt
6. V = 0 + aT, a= , velocity = 0 + at =
T T
2
1  Vt 
K.E = (m)  
2 T 

1 dE
7. E= mV2, = mV = p
2 dV

8. Follows from work energy theorem.

9. Wf + W G + W N = K = 0
W G = 0, W N = 0 so W f = 0.

p2 p2 KE2
11. KE =  KE  p2  = = 2
2m p1 KE1

1 2
12. The relation between momentum p and kinetic energy K is K = (p )
2m
1 2
Kinetic energy K = (p ) or p = 2mK
2m
If kinetic energy of a body is increased by 300%, let its momentum becomes p’.
300
New kinetic energy K’ = K  K = 4K Therefore, momentum is given by
100
P’ = 2m  4K = 2 2mK = 2p Hence, % change (increase) in momentum
p p' p  p'   2p 
 100 =  100% =   1  100% =   1  100% = 100%
p p  p   p 

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Work, Power and Energy

13. Key Idea : The work done will be the area of the F-x graph.
Work done in moving the object from x = 0 to x = 6 m is given by
1
W = Area of rectangle + area of triangle = 3  3   3  3 = 9 + 4.5 = 13.5 J
2

14. Let extension produced in a spring be x initially. In stretched condition spring will have potential energy
1
U = kx 2
2
where k is spring constant or force constant.
U1 x2
 = 12 ... (i)
U2 x2
Given U1 = U, x1 = 2 cm, x2 = 8 cm
putting these values in equation (i), we have
U (2)2 4 1
= 2
= =
U2 (8) 64 16
U2 = 16U

15. W agent + W G = K = 0
W agent = – W G,
But W G is independent of the path joining initial and final position. W G is independent of time taken.

16. dW F = F.ds = dk > 0  | F | | ds | cos > 0  0 <  < 90º

p= 2m(K.E.) , K.E.  so p  .

17. WG + Wf = 0 – 0
10 × 1 + W f = 0
10 – mg x = 0
10 = (.2) (10) x , x=5m

1
18. Area under curve = (4) (20) = 40 J
2
W = work done by resistive force F = – 40 J
– 40 = Kf – Ki , Ki = 50 J, so Kf = 50 – 40 = 10 J

1 1
19. F 80 = mV2, FS = m (2V)2
2 2
s
So =4, S = 4 (80)
80

21. 2 and 3 holds when a ball moves in upward direction.

1
22. mg = mv2 v= g
2 2

23. mg1 – mg/2 = mv2 /2, v= g

2(0.5)
d = v 2h / g = g =1m
g

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24. W F + W S = 0, W F – U = 0 , W F = U = E
1 1
E= KA xA2 , FxA = K x2
2 2 A A
2F 2F 2E 2F2
= xA , = , KA = ...(i)
KA KA KA E

2F2 2F2  2F2 

Similarly KB = ,  KA = 2KB  = 2   EB = 2E
EB E  E
 B 
1
25. mu2 = mgh, u2 = 2gh ....(i)
2
 3h 
mg   + K.E. = mgh
 5 
mgh K.E. mgh / 4 1
K.E. =  = =
4 P.E. 3mgh / 4 3

1 1 1 2U
26. Ui + 0 = U f + mv2  Ui – Uf = mv2  U= mv2  m=
2 2 2 v2

27. Work done = Force × displacement = Weight of the book × Height of the book shelf

dU
28. = positive constant
dx
For x < a, F = negative constant and for x > a, F = 0. So, ans. (3)

29. K.E. + P.E. = positive constant C

E + U = C, E + mgh = C, E = – mgh + C and U = mgh, So, answer (1)
p2  1 1
30. E= , ( E)   = = constant. Rectangular hyperbola (3)
2m P 2m

31. Let initial velocity is u and retardation is a

u2
So, = u2 – 2a × (0.03) ...(i)
4
u2
0= – 2a × S ..(ii)
4
here S is required distance from equation (i) & (ii) S = 0.01 m = 1 cm

1 1 1  v2  1 1 2 K
32. mv 2  k  m(v cos 60)2  m     mv  
2 2 2  4  4  2  4

33. Assuming mass of athlete is between 40 kg to 100 kg

here we will consider mass of athlete m = 50 kg
100
V = S/t = = 10 m/sec So, K = 1/2 mv2 1/2 × (50 ×102) = 2500 J. So Answer is (C)
10
SECTION (D)
1. Follows from definition
2. U  x2
14. Ratio of heights
h1 100 h1 1
= =2  h2 = = of the initial height.
h2 100 – 50 2 2

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15. Here : Energy of one apple = 2112 J

= 21 × 103 J
Efficiency of the boy = 28% = 0.28
Mass of the boy m = 40 kg
Here the actual energy consumed by the boy is given by as
= 0.28 × 21000 = 5880 J ...(1)
and the energy consumed by the boy in climbing h meter height is given by
= m g h = 40 × 9.8 × h J ...(2)
Equating equations (1) and (2) we get
40 × 9.8 × h = 5880 J
5880
h= = 15 m
40  9.8
E
16. E1 = .
4

17. Given, F = – 5x – 16x3 or F = – (5 + 16x2)x or F = – kx

Where k (= 5 + 16x ) is force constant of spring. Therefore, work done in stretching the spring from
2

position x1 to position x2 is
1 1
W = k 2 x22  k1x12 we have, x1 = 0.1 m and x2 = 0.2 m
2 2
1 1
 W= (5 + 16 (0.2)2) (0.2)2 – (5 + 16 (0.1)2) (0.1)2
2 2
= 2.82 × 4 × 10–2 – 2.58 × 10–2 = 8.7 × 10–2 J

18. Key Idea : Work done is equal to change in energy of body. Situation is shown in figure, when mass m
falls vertically on spring, then spring is compressed by distance d.

Hence, net work done in the process is

1
W = Potential energy stored in the spring + Loss of potential energy of mass = mg (h + d) – kd2
2

19. If the springs are compressed to same amount :

1 1
WA = K x2 ; W B = K x2 KA > KB  W A > W B
2 A 2 B
If the springs are compressed by same force.
1 F2
KA. 2
F F WA 2 KA KB
F = KA xA = KBxB ; xA = ; xB = ; = = Hence, W A < W B
KA K B WB 1 F2 KA
KB 2
2 KB
20 F = T, W F + W G = 20
W T = 20  20 + W G = 20  WG = 0
Which is not possible.

21. (easy) As KE is same in both the cases, work done will be same.

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areaunder F – T graph 60  (–10)

22. Change in velocity = = = 5 m/s
mass 10
1
W F = K.E. = (10) 52 = 125 J
2

23. W S + W f = K
– U + W f = – Ki
– Uf – mgx = – Ki
1 1
K x2 + mgx = mu2
2 2
100 x2 + 2(0.1) (50) (10) x = 50 × 4
x2 + x – 2 = 0
x=1m

24. If there is no air drag then maximum height

u2 14  14
H   10m
2g 2  9.8
But due to air drag ball reaches up to height 8m only. So loss in energy
 mg(10  8)  0.5  9.8  2  9.8J

P2 1
25. E if P = constant then E 
2m m
According to problem m1  m2  E1  E2

15
Force (N)

10

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
26. Displacement (m)
Work done = (Shaded area under the graph between x = 0 to x = 35 m)  287.5J

27. P  2mE if E are equal then P  m

i.e. heavier body will possess greater momentum.

28. v  2gh  2  9.8  0.1  1.96  1.4m / s

1 1 
29. W C = – U = – (Ufinal – Uinitial) = –   k  152 –  k  52 
 2 2 
W C = 8 Joule

30. K = 5 × 103 N/m

x = 5 cm
1 1
W1 = k × x12 = 5 × 103 × (5 × 10–2)2 = 6.25 J
2 2
1 1
W2 = k(x1 + x2)2 = × 5 × 103 (5 + 10–2 + 5 × 10–2)2 = 25J
2 2
Net work done = W 2 – W 1 = 25 –6.25 = 18.75 J = 18.75 N-m

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SECTION (E)
9. Efficiency of engine  = 60%
work / time 100 mgh
Thus, power = =  Given m = 100 kg, h = 10 m, t = 5 s and g = 10 ms–2
 60 t
100 100  10  10
Hence, power =  = 3.3 × 103 W = 3.3 kW
60 5

10. 1 kWh = 1000 W × 3600 s = 3.6 × 106 J

11. Power is equal to the scalar product of force with velocity.

Power of the engine,
P = F.v ... (i)
Given
  
F  (20 i  3 j  5k)N
  
v  (6 i  20 j  3k)m / s
Thus, after substituting for F and v in equation (i), it becomes,
           
P = (20 i  3 j  5k) . (6 i  20 j  3k) = (20 × 6) ( i . i )  ( 3  20)( j . j)  (5  3)(k.k)
= 120 – 60 – 15 = 45
Note : In the simplification for power, the dot product of a unit vector with same unit vector gives 1.
The dot product of a unit vector with its orthogonal gives zero. Thus,
     
i . i  j . j  k.k  1
     
i . j  i .k  j .k  0
So, in above simplification second type of dot product are not shown.

100  9.8  50
12. Average power = = 980 J/s
50

13. P = TV = 4500 × 2 = 9000 W = 9KW

14. V = 0 + at, F –  mg = ma , F = mg + ma,

P = (mg + ma) at

15. P = F.v = 50 – 30 + 120 = 140 J/s

16. P1 = 80 gh/15 , P2 = 80 gh/20

P1 20 4
= =
P2 15 3

17. Force required to move with constant velocity  Power = FV

Force is required to oppose the resistive force R and also to accelerate the body of mass with
acceleration a.  Power = (R  ma)V

1 mv 2 1 Vv 2 1 l l 
18. Energy supplied to liquid per second by the pump = = = A       v2   v 
2 t 2 t 2 t t 
1 1
 A  v    v 2 = Av 3
2 2

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mgh p  t 2  103  60
19. P= m=   1200 kg
t gh 10  10
mass 1200kg
As volume =  v 3 3
 1.2m3
density 10 kg/m

Volume = 1.2m3  1.2  103 litre  1200 litre

P 30  103
20. Force produced by the engine F   =103N
v 30
Forward force by engine–resistive force 1000  750 250 1
Acceleration=   = m/s2
mass of car 1250 1250 5

21. v2 = u2 + 2ax
v2
v2 = 2ax  a=
2x
v2 mv3
p = fv = m. .v =  v3 x (P = constant)
2x 2x
v x1/3
dx
x 
1/3
x1/3  dx  dt
dt
3 2/3
x t  x t3/2
2

22. Let the constant acceleration of body of mass m is a.

From equation of motion v1 = 0 + at1
v
  a= 1 t
t1
At an instant t, the velocity v of the body
v = 0 + at
v
v= 1 t
t1
Therefore, instantaneous power
P = Fv = mav (F = ma)
v  v  mv12 t
= m  1  ×  1 .t  (from equations (i) and (ii)) =
 t1   t1  t12

SECTION (F)

dU
1. = 0 at B and C
dx

2. WC = WC + WC = 5 + 2 = 7
PR PQ QR

U
3. = cos (x + y),
x
U
= cos (x + y)
y
 
F = – cos (x + y) î – cos (x + y) ĵ = – cos (0 + ) î – cos (0 + ) ĵ  | F | = 1
4 4

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5. Potential energy U = A – Bx2

dU
Force F = – = – (0 – 2 Bx)
dx
F = 2Bx  Fx

6. W ext + W C = K
W ext – U = K
W ext = U + K = change in total energy

7. U(x) = x2 – 4x
F=0
dU(x) d2U
=0  2x – 4 = 0 x=2  =2>0
dx dx 2
i.e. U is minimum hence x = 2 is a point of stable equilibrium.

8. dU =  F. ds = – F.(dx ˆi  dy ˆj)
U U
Also by reverse method using Fx =  and Fy =  , only (B) option satisfies the criterea.
x y
9. Only the following statements are true from definition of a conservative force.
"Its work is zero when the particle moves exactly once around any closed path".
"Its work depends on the end points of the motion, not on the path between".

dU dU
10.   ve,   ve
dx x  A dx x B
So, FA = positive, FB = negative

dU
11. F=–
dx
x
 dU = – F . dx or

U(x) = – (kx  ax3 )dx
0
2 4
kx ax 2k
U(x) = –  U(x) = 0 and x = 0 and x=
2 4 a
2k
U(x) = negative for x >
a
From the given function we can see that
F = 0 at x = 0 i.e. slope of U-x graph is zero at x = 0. Therefore, the most appropriate option is (D).

EXERCISE # 2
1. W = (2000 sin 15º) × 10 = 5176.8 J

2. W 1 = work done by spring on first mass

W 2 = work done by spring on second mass
W 1 = W 2 = W (say)
W 1 + W 2 = Ui – Uf
1 2 Kx 2
2W = 0 – Kx  W= –
2 4

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1 2 gt 2
3. h= gt , W = mgh = mg , W = Kf – Ki
2 2
mg2 t 2 1 1 mg2 t 2
= Kf – mu2, Kf = mu2 + Hence Ans. is (A)
2 2 2 2

1 1 
4. –F x = 0 – m (2)2 and – FS = 0 – 2  m (2)2 
2 2 
S
So = 2, S = 2x
x
 
5. W a + W c = K = 0, W a – mg  – cos 60º  = 0
2 2 
mg  1 5
Wa = = (0.5) (10)   = J.
4  
4 4

v x
dV  V2   Kx2 
6. V = – Kx,    – 
dx  2 u  2  0
V2 – u2 = – Kx2
1 1 1
mu2 – mV2 = mK x2
2 2 2
Loss  x2

x
7. (mg sin ) x –
 mg cos  dx = 0
0
x
sin  x = o cos 
 x dx
0

x2 2 tan 
x tan  = 0 , x=
2 0

v
dv mv 2
8. A = area under the curve = m v

0
dx
dx 
2

100  11 mv 2
= = mgymax  ymax = 11 m
2 2

9. Potential energy depends upon positions of particles

1 1 1
10. K2 x2 + K1x2 = m v2
2 2 2
K1  K 2
v= x
m

1 (mg)2
11. mg = Kx , U = Kx2 =
2 2K
12. For m, N cos  = mg
For M , N sin  = kx
Kx 1 (mgtan )2
So tan  = So, Kx2 =
mg 2 2K

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2
1 1 T T2
13. T = Kx , U = Kx2 = K   =
2 2 K  2K
2
3mg 1  3mg 
14. mg (h + )= K  
K 2  K 

1 1 1 
15. (2m)u2   mv 2  .... (i)
2 22 
1 1 1
(2m) (u + 1)2 =mv2 ....(ii) From (i) and (ii) u=
2 2 2 1

16. F – R = ma, F = R + ma, P = Fv = (R + ma)v

17. Let x be the maximum extension of the spring. From conservation of mechanical energy :
decrease in gravitational potential energy = increase in elastic potential energy

1 2 2Mg
 Mgx = kx or x=
2 k
dU
18. From F = 
dx
U(x) x x
kx 2

0

0

dU   Fdx   (kx) dx
0
 U(x) = 
2
as U(0) = 0

Therefore, the correct option is (A).

19. In horizontal plane Kinetic Energy of the block is completely converted into heat due to Friction but in
the case of inclined plane some part of this Kinetic Energy is also convert into gravitational Potential
Energy. So decrease in the mechanical energy in second situation is smaller than that in the first
situation. So statement-1 is correct.
Cofficient of Friction does not depends on normal reaction, In  case normal reaction changes with
inclination but not cofficient of friction so this statement is wrong.
1 1 9
20. Fdt  p 
2
×4×3–
2
× 1.5 × 2 = pf – 0  pf = 6 – 1.5 =
2
2
p 81
K.E. = = ; K.E. = 5.06 J Ans.
2m 422

21. (4) Net force on body  42  32  5N  a  F / m  5 / 10  1/ 2m/s2

1 1
Kinetic energy = mv 2  m(at)2  125Joule
2 2
23. Gravitational force is conservative. So, W 1 = W 2 = W 3

24. W R + W G = 0, – Rd + mg (h + d) = 0
h
R = mg (1 + )
d

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Work, Power and Energy

EXERCISE # 3
PART - I
1. The energy lost due to air friction is equal to difference of initial kinetic energy and final potential
energy.
Initially body posses only kinetic energy and after attaining a height the kinetic energy is zero
Therefore, loss of energy = kE – PE
1 1
= mv2 – mgh = × 1 × 400 –1 × 18 × 10 = 200 –180 = 20 J
2 2
mx
2. Let m is mass per unit length then rate of mass per sec = = mv
t
1 1
Rate of KE = (mv)v2 = mv3
2 2
3. Use the law of conservation of energy Let x be the extension in the spring
1 2mg
Applying conservation of energy mgx – kx2 =0–0  x=
2 k
4. Here, mass per unit length of water,  = 100 kg/m
Velocity of water, v = 2m/s
1 1
Power of engine, P = mv 2   200  2 = 400W
2 2
5. Power delivered in time T is
dV MV 2 1 MV 2
P = F.V. = MaV or P = MV  PdT = MVdV  PT = or P =
dT 2 2 T
7. for equilibrium
dU –2A B 2A
0  3
 2
0  r= for stable equilibrium
dr r r B
d2U d2U 6A 2B
2
should be positive for the value of r. here 2
 4
– is +ve value for
dr dr r r3
2A
r So Ans. (2)
B
8. Constant power of car P0 = F.V. = ma.v
dv
P0 = m .v
dt
P0 dt = mvdv
mv 2
P0.t =
2
2P0 t
v=
m
v t
v2 30
0.1x dV x
9. a=
10
= 0.01x = V
dx
So,  vdV   100dx
v1 20

v2 30
V2 x2 30  30 20  20
–    = 4.5 – 2 = 2.5
2 v1 200 200 200
20
1
2
 
m V22 – V12 = 10 × 2.5 J = – 25 J

1 1 1
mv 22  mv12  25 =  10  10  10  25 = 500 – 25J = 475 J
2 2 2

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Work, Power and Energy

1
10. If extension is same W = K x2 so W P > W Q
2
F2
If spring force is same W = so W Q > W P
2K
dw
11. P
dt
1
w = Pt = mV 2
2
2Pt
so. V
m
dV 2P 1
Hence a   .
dt m 2 t
2Pm2 1 Pm
so from = ma  . 
m 2 t 2t
12.    
S  rf – ri  4ˆj  3kˆ – –2iˆ  5ˆj = 2iˆ – ˆj  3kˆ

F  4iˆ  3ˆj

  
 = F.S  4iˆ  3ˆj . 2iˆ – ˆj  3kˆ = 8 – 3 = 5J Ans.

13. wg = mgh = 10–3 × 10 × 103 = 10 J

1 2.5
wall = KE = × 10–3 × 50 × 50 = J = 1.25 J
2 2
wg + wR
wR = – 10 + 1.25 J J = – 8.75 J
14. Work done by variable force =  F.dy
y 1 1 1
 10 2  10
Work done = 
y 0
F.dy =
 (20  10y) dy = 20 y 
 2
y  = 20 +
 0 2
= 25 J
0

15. Area of curve from x = 0 to x = 8 = (20 × 5) + 10(3) = 130

Work energy theorem
1  1
130 = ×   × 12 . So, 1 = 520  23 m/sec
2 2
Now we can observe that total are from x = 8 to x = 12 is negative. So velocity at x = 12 will be less
than 23 m/sec.
PART - II
1. K.E. = ct
1
mv2 = ct
2
P2
= ct
2m
P = 2ctm
1 1
F= 2cm ×
2 t
1
F .
t

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Work, Power and Energy

2. Work done is streching the rubber band

L aL2 bL3
W= 
0
(ax  bx2 )dx =
2

3

3. Let m mass of fat is used.

1
m(3.8 × 107) = 10(9.8)(1) (1000)
5
9 .8  5
m= = 12.89 × 10–3 kg
3.8  103


Q R
h/tan x
4.
mgh mgh
Given that  mgh 
tan  tan 
2 tan 
 1  
tan  2
 = 0.29
h
x= 2 3 ~  3.5 m
tan 

F = 6t
5.
F 6t dv
a=  = 6t  = 6t
m 1 dt
dv = 6tdt
v v 1
 t2 
 dv  6 tdt
0 0
 v = 6  = 3
 2  0
1
W = KE = KF – Ki = (1)(3)2 = 4.5 J
2

6. F = –Kv2
dv
m  kv 2
dt
v t
k
 v dv   
2
dt
v0 0
m
1 1 v0
After 10s, KE = mv 2  mv 02  v=
2 8 2
 2 1 k
v /2
 1
0
k m 10 2
 v   t     t  k=   k = 10–4 kg m–1
  v0 m  v0 v0  m v 0 t 10  10

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Work, Power and Energy

K
7. U= –
2r 2
du  K  2  K
 F= – = –  –  – 3   – 3
dr  2  r   r
K mv 2

r3 r
K
 mv2 =
r2
1 K
K.E. = mv2 = 2
2 2r
 E = P.E. + K.E. = 0

K F
m
8.
F
When Vmax.  accn = 0  x=
K
Apply work energy theorem
W sp = W F = K.E.
1 F2 1 F2 1
– Kx2 + F.x = K.E.  – K 2 = 2
mumax.
2 K 2 K 2

F2 1 F
= 2
mumax.  = Vmax.
2K 2 mK

ds 1 1
9. V  6t Initial kinetic energy =  2  (0)2 Final kinetic energy =  2  (30)2
dt 2 2
W = kf – ki = 900 J
N

m
g/2

10. mg
mg 3mg
N – mg =  N
2 2
1 2 1g 2 g 3m g gt 2 3m g2 t 2 3mg2 t 2
s = ut + at (t) =
=0+  WN =  = 
2 22 4 2 4 8 8
11.


Work done by force = F.S = 3 î  12 ĵ  4 î = 12 J  
By work energy theorem, W all = K
12 J = Kf – Ki  12 + Ki = Kf  Kf = 12 + 3 = 15 J

NEET_XI_PHYSICS (MECHANICS VOL.-1) # 436