Scribd
Upload
6 views2 pages

Integration Notes

Inte

Uploaded by

yovov20952
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views2 pages

Integration Notes

Inte

Uploaded by

yovov20952
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Integration Notes

1. Introduction to Integration:
- Integration is the process of finding the integral of a function, which represents the area
under a curve.
- It is the reverse process of differentiation.
- Two main types: Indefinite Integration and Definite Integration.

2. Indefinite Integration:
- Represents a family of functions.
- Includes an arbitrary constant 'C' (constant of integration).
- Example: ∫x² dx = (x³/3) + C

3. Basic Integration Formulas:


- ∫x^n dx = (x^(n+1) / (n+1)) + C, where n ≠ -1
- ∫e^x dx = e^x + C
- ∫1/x dx = ln|x| + C
- ∫sinx dx = -cosx + C
- ∫cosx dx = sinx + C
- ∫sec²x dx = tanx + C

4. Definite Integration:
- Evaluates the integral within given limits [a, b].
- Example: ∫[a to b] x² dx = [(b³/3) - (a³/3)]

5. Methods of Integration:
- **Substitution Method:** Used when an integral contains a function and its derivative.
- **Integration by Parts:** ∫u dv = uv - ∫v du (used when the integral is a product of two
functions).
- **Partial Fractions:** Used to integrate rational functions.
- **Trigonometric Substitutions:** Used for integrals containing √(a² - x²), √(a² + x²), etc.

6. Applications of Integration:
- Finding the area under a curve.
- Calculating volumes of solids of revolution.
- Solving differential equations.
- Physics applications: Work, motion, and electrical field calculations.

7. Special Integrals:
- ∫dx / (a² + x²) = (1/a) tan⁻¹(x/a) + C
- ∫dx / √(a² - x²) = sin⁻¹(x/a) + C
- ∫dx / (x² - a²) = (1/2a) ln |(x - a)/(x + a)| + C
These fundamental integration concepts are widely used in calculus, physics, and
engineering.

You might also like