https://github.

com/earlephilhower/arduinopico/releases/download/global/
package_rp2040_index.json

Raspberry Pi Pico and this I2c lcd working process. #include <LiquidCrystal_PCF8574.h> (Compatible
library)

LORA TRANSMITTER

LORA RECIEVER
Library

LoRa by Sandeep Mistry

Lora Transmitter code ///pulse rate sensor
#include <SPI.h>
#include <LoRa.h>

const int pulsePin = 26; // GPIO26 (Pin 31) for pulse rate sensor signal
int pulseValue = 0; // Variable to store pulse rate sensor reading

void setup() {
// Initialize Serial communication
Serial.begin(9600);
while (!Serial);

// Initialize LoRa module

Serial.println("Starting LoRa Transmitter...");
LoRa.setPins(17, 14, 15); // NSS, RESET, DIO0

if (!LoRa.begin(915E6)) { // Set frequency (adjust as per region)

Serial.println("LoRa initialization failed!");
while (1);
}
Serial.println("LoRa initialization successful!");
}

void loop() {
// Read analog value from the pulse rate sensor
pulseValue = analogRead(pulsePin);

// Convert analog value to voltage (optional, for debugging or calibration)

float voltage = pulseValue * (3.3 / 4095.0); // Assuming 12-bit ADC on Pico

// Prepare data packet

String dataPacket = "Pulse Value: " + String(pulseValue) + ", Voltage: " + String(voltage, 2);
Serial.println("Sending packet: " + dataPacket);

// Transmit data via LoRa

LoRa.beginPacket();
LoRa.print(dataPacket);
LoRa.endPacket();

delay(1000); // Wait 1 second before sending the next packet

}
LORA reciver code ///pulse rate sensor
#include <SPI.h>
#include <LoRa.h>

void setup() {
// Initialize Serial communication
Serial.begin(9600);
while (!Serial);

// Initialize LoRa module

Serial.println("Starting LoRa Receiver...");
LoRa.setPins(17, 14, 15); // NSS, RESET, DIO0

if (!LoRa.begin(915E6)) { // Set frequency (adjust as per region)

Serial.println("LoRa initialization failed!");
while (1);
}
Serial.println("LoRa initialization successful!");
}

void loop() {
// Check for incoming LoRa packet
int packetSize = LoRa.parsePacket();
if (packetSize) {
// Received a packet
String receivedData = "";
while (LoRa.available()) {
receivedData += (char)LoRa.read();
}
Serial.println("Received packet: " + receivedData);

// Print RSSI (signal strength)

Serial.print("RSSI: ");
Serial.println(LoRa.packetRssi());
}
}

LoRa Transmitter ///pulse rate + accelerometer

#include <SPI.h>
#include <LoRa.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <MPU6050.h> // Include MPU6050 library

const int pulsePin = 26; // GPIO26 (Pin 31) for pulse rate sensor signal
int pulseValue = 0; // Variable to store pulse rate sensor reading

// Accelerometer (MPU6050) setup

MPU6050 accel;
void setup() {
// Initialize Serial communication
Serial.begin(9600);
while (!Serial);

// Initialize LoRa module

Serial.println("Starting LoRa Transmitter...");
LoRa.setPins(17, 14, 15); // NSS, RESET, DIO0

if (!LoRa.begin(915E6)) { // Set frequency (adjust as per region)

Serial.println("LoRa initialization failed!");
while (1);
}
Serial.println("LoRa initialization successful!");

// Initialize pulse rate sensor (analog)

pinMode(pulsePin, INPUT);

// Initialize I2C for the accelerometer

Wire.begin();
accel.initialize(); // Initialize the accelerometer
if (!accel.testConnection()) {
Serial.println("MPU6050 connection failed!");
while (1); // Halt if the accelerometer is not connected
}
Serial.println("MPU6050 initialized...");
}

void loop() {
// Read pulse rate sensor value
pulseValue = analogRead(pulsePin);

// Read accelerometer data

int16_t ax, ay, az;
accel.getAcceleration(&ax, &ay, &az);

// Convert accelerometer data to g

float ax_g = ax / 16384.0; // MPU6050 sensitivity scale factor (default)
float ay_g = ay / 16384.0;
float az_g = az / 16384.0;

// Print data to Serial Monitor

Serial.print("Pulse Value: ");
Serial.print(pulseValue);
Serial.print(", Accelerometer X: ");
Serial.print(ax_g, 3);
Serial.print(", Y: ");
Serial.print(ay_g, 3);
Serial.print(", Z: ");
Serial.println(az_g, 3);
 // Prepare data packet with pulse and accelerometer data
String dataPacket = "Pulse: " + String(pulseValue) + ", Accel X: " + String(ax_g, 3) + ", Accel Y: " +
String(ay_g, 3) + ", Accel Z: " + String(az_g, 3);
Serial.println("Sending packet: " + dataPacket);

// Transmit data via LoRa

LoRa.beginPacket();
LoRa.print(dataPacket);
LoRa.endPacket();

delay(1000); // Wait 1 second before sending the next packet

}

LoRa receiver //pulse rate + accelerometer

#include <SPI.h>
#include <LoRa.h>

void setup() {
// Initialize Serial communication
Serial.begin(9600);
while (!Serial);

// Initialize LoRa module

Serial.println("Starting LoRa Receiver...");
LoRa.setPins(17, 14, 15); // NSS, RESET, DIO0

if (!LoRa.begin(915E6)) { // Set frequency (adjust as per region)

Serial.println("LoRa initialization failed!");
while (1);
}
Serial.println("LoRa initialization successful!");
}

void loop() {
// Check if a LoRa packet is available
int packetSize = LoRa.parsePacket();
if (packetSize) {
String receivedData = "";
long packetRSSI = LoRa.packetRssi(); // Get the RSSI (signal strength) of the packet
long packetSnr = LoRa.packetSnr(); // Get the SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio)

// Read the packet data

while (LoRa.available()) {
receivedData += (char)LoRa.read();
}

// Print the received data along with RSSI and SNR

Serial.print("Received packet: ");
Serial.println(receivedData);
 // Print RSSI and SNR for signal strength and quality
Serial.print("RSSI: ");
Serial.println(packetRSSI);
Serial.print("SNR: ");
Serial.println(packetSnr);

// Print a timestamp of the packet reception (in milliseconds)

Serial.print("Packet received at: ");
Serial.println(millis());
}
}

LORA Transmitter with pulse/temp/accelerometer /

#include <SPI.h>
#include <LoRa.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <MPU6050.h> // Include MPU6050 library
#include <OneWire.h>
#include <DallasTemperature.h>

// Pulse rate sensor setup

const int pulsePin = 26; // GPIO26 (Pin 31) for pulse rate sensor signal
int pulseValue = 0; // Variable to store pulse rate sensor reading

// Accelerometer (MPU6050) setup

MPU6050 accel;

// Temperature sensor (DS18B20) setup

const int tempPin = 22; // GPIO22 for DS18B20 data line
OneWire oneWire(tempPin);
DallasTemperature tempSensor(&oneWire);
float temperatureC = 0.0; // Variable to store temperature in Celsius

void setup() {
// Initialize Serial communication
Serial.begin(9600);
while (!Serial);

// Initialize LoRa module

Serial.println("Starting LoRa Transmitter...");
LoRa.setPins(17, 14, 15); // NSS, RESET, DIO0

if (!LoRa.begin(915E6)) { // Set frequency (adjust as per region)

Serial.println("LoRa initialization failed!");
while (1);
}
Serial.println("LoRa initialization successful!");
 // Initialize pulse rate sensor (analog)
pinMode(pulsePin, INPUT);

// Initialize I2C for the accelerometer

Wire.begin();
accel.initialize(); // Initialize the accelerometer
if (!accel.testConnection()) {
Serial.println("MPU6050 connection failed!");
while (1); // Halt if the accelerometer is not connected
}
Serial.println("MPU6050 initialized...");

// Initialize DS18B20 temperature sensor

tempSensor.begin();
Serial.println("DS18B20 temperature sensor initialized...");
}

void loop() {
// Read pulse rate sensor value
pulseValue = analogRead(pulsePin);

// Read accelerometer data

int16_t ax, ay, az;
accel.getAcceleration(&ax, &ay, &az);

// Convert accelerometer data to g

float ax_g = ax / 16384.0; // MPU6050 sensitivity scale factor (default)
float ay_g = ay / 16384.0;
float az_g = az / 16384.0;

// Request temperature reading from DS18B20

tempSensor.requestTemperatures();
temperatureC = tempSensor.getTempCByIndex(0); // Get temperature in Celsius

// Print data to Serial Monitor

Serial.print("Pulse Value: ");
Serial.print(pulseValue);
Serial.print(", Accelerometer X: ");
Serial.print(ax_g, 3);
Serial.print(", Y: ");
Serial.print(ay_g, 3);
Serial.print(", Z: ");
Serial.print(az_g, 3);
Serial.print(", Temperature: ");
Serial.print(temperatureC);
Serial.println(" °C");

// Prepare data packet with pulse, accelerometer, and temperature data

String dataPacket = "Pulse: " + String(pulseValue) +
", Accel X: " + String(ax_g, 3) +
", Accel Y: " + String(ay_g, 3) +
 ", Accel Z: " + String(az_g, 3) +
", Temp: " + String(temperatureC) + " °C";
Serial.println("Sending packet: " + dataPacket);

// Transmit data via LoRa

LoRa.beginPacket();
LoRa.print(dataPacket);
LoRa.endPacket();

delay(1000); // Wait 1 second before sending the next packet

}

LORA RECIVER pulse/temp/accelerometer /

#include <SPI.h>
#include <LoRa.h>

void setup() {
// Initialize Serial communication
Serial.begin(9600);
while (!Serial);

// Initialize LoRa module

Serial.println("Starting LoRa Receiver...");
LoRa.setPins(17, 14, 15); // NSS, RESET, DIO0

if (!LoRa.begin(915E6)) { // Set frequency (adjust as per region)

Serial.println("LoRa initialization failed!");
while (1);
}
Serial.println("LoRa initialization successful!");
}

void loop() {
// Check for incoming LoRa packet
int packetSize = LoRa.parsePacket();
if (packetSize) {
// Received a packet
String receivedData = "";
while (LoRa.available()) {
receivedData += (char)LoRa.read();
}

// Print received packet data

Serial.println("Received packet: " + receivedData);

// Parse the received data

int pulseValue;
float ax_g, ay_g, az_g, temperatureC;

// Extract data from the received string

int pulseIndex = receivedData.indexOf("Pulse:");
 int accelXIndex = receivedData.indexOf("Accel X:");
int accelYIndex = receivedData.indexOf("Accel Y:");
int accelZIndex = receivedData.indexOf("Accel Z:");
int tempIndex = receivedData.indexOf("Temp:");

// Extract values from the string

if (pulseIndex != -1 && accelXIndex != -1) {
pulseValue = receivedData.substring(pulseIndex + 7, accelXIndex - 2).toInt();
}
if (accelXIndex != -1 && accelYIndex != -1) {
ax_g = receivedData.substring(accelXIndex + 8, accelYIndex - 2).toFloat();
}
if (accelYIndex != -1 && accelZIndex != -1) {
ay_g = receivedData.substring(accelYIndex + 8, accelZIndex - 2).toFloat();
}
if (accelZIndex != -1 && tempIndex != -1) {
az_g = receivedData.substring(accelZIndex + 8, tempIndex - 2).toFloat();
}
if (tempIndex != -1) {
temperatureC = receivedData.substring(tempIndex + 6).toFloat();
}

// Print parsed values to Serial Monitor

Serial.print("Pulse Value: ");
Serial.println(pulseValue);
Serial.print("Accelerometer X: ");
Serial.println(ax_g);
Serial.print("Accelerometer Y: ");
Serial.println(ay_g);
Serial.print("Accelerometer Z: ");
Serial.println(az_g);
Serial.print("Temperature: ");
Serial.print(temperatureC);
Serial.println(" °C");

// Print RSSI (signal strength)

Serial.print("RSSI: ");
Serial.println(LoRa.packetRssi());
}
}

////GPS WORKING
#include <TinyGPS++.h> // Include TinyGPS++ library

// Define RX and TX pins for Serial1

#define RX_PIN 1 // GPS TX to Pico RX (GP1)
#define TX_PIN 0 // GPS RX to Pico TX (GP0)

// Create a TinyGPSPlus object to hold GPS data

TinyGPSPlus gps;
void setup() {
// Initialize Serial (USB) for debugging
Serial.begin(115200); // Set baud rate for Serial Monitor
delay(2000); // Wait for Serial Monitor to open

// Initialize Serial1 (UART) for GPS communication

Serial1.begin(9600); // Baud rate for Neo-6M GPS
}

void loop() {
// Check if GPS data is available from Serial1
while (Serial1.available() > 0) {
char c = Serial1.read(); // Read one character from GPS
gps.encode(c); // Decode the GPS data

// If new GPS data is available and the location is valid, print latitude and longitude
if (gps.location.isUpdated() && gps.location.isValid()) {
float latitude = gps.location.lat();
float longitude = gps.location.lng();

// Output only latitude and longitude

Serial.print(latitude, 6); // Print Latitude with 6 decimal places
Serial.print(", ");
Serial.println(longitude, 6); // Print Longitude with 6 decimal places
}
}
}

////lora transmitter

#include <SPI.h>
#include <LoRa.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <MPU6050.h> // Include MPU6050 library
#include <OneWire.h>
#include <DallasTemperature.h>
#include <TinyGPS++.h> // Include TinyGPS++ library for GPS parsing

// Pulse rate sensor setup

const int pulsePin = 26; // GPIO26 (Pin 31) for pulse rate sensor signal
int pulseValue = 0; // Variable to store pulse rate sensor reading

// Accelerometer (MPU6050) setup

MPU6050 accel;

// Temperature sensor (DS18B20) setup

const int tempPin = 22; // GPIO22 for DS18B20 data line
OneWire oneWire(tempPin);
DallasTemperature tempSensor(&oneWire);
float temperatureC = 0.0; // Variable to store temperature in Celsius
// GPS module setup
TinyGPSPlus gps; // GPS object
#define RXPin 13 // GPS TX to GPIO0 (UART RX)
#define TXPin 12 // GPS RX to GPIO1 (UART TX)
#define GPSBaud 9600 // GPS baud rate

// Peltier module setup

#define RELAY_PIN 3 // GPIO0 connected to relay control pin
#define TEMP_THRESHOLD 30.0 // Temperature threshold in °C
bool isPeltierOn = false; // Track Peltier status

void setup() {
// Initialize Serial communication
Serial.begin(9600);
while (!Serial);

// Initialize LoRa module

Serial.println("Starting LoRa Transmitter...");
LoRa.setPins(17, 14, 15); // NSS, RESET, DIO0

if (!LoRa.begin(433E6)) { // Set frequency (adjust as per region)

Serial.println("LoRa initialization failed!");
while (1);
}
Serial.println("LoRa initialization successful!");
LoRa.setTxPower(20); // Set transmission power to maximum (20 dBm)

// Initialize pulse rate sensor (analog)

pinMode(pulsePin, INPUT);

// Initialize I2C for the accelerometer

Wire.begin();
accel.initialize(); // Initialize the accelerometer
if (!accel.testConnection()) {
Serial.println("MPU6050 connection failed!");
while (1); // Halt if the accelerometer is not connected
}
Serial.println("MPU6050 initialized...");

// Initialize DS18B20 temperature sensor

tempSensor.begin();
Serial.println("DS18B20 temperature sensor initialized...");

// Initialize GPS module

Serial1.begin(GPSBaud);
Serial.println("GPS module initialized...");

// Initialize Relay for Peltier

pinMode(RELAY_PIN, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, HIGH); // Start with Peltier OFF
}
void loop() {
// Read pulse rate sensor value
pulseValue = analogRead(pulsePin);

// Read accelerometer data

int16_t ax, ay, az;
accel.getAcceleration(&ax, &ay, &az);

// Convert accelerometer data to g

float ax_g = ax / 16384.0; // MPU6050 sensitivity scale factor (default)
float ay_g = ay / 16384.0;
float az_g = az / 16384.0;

// Request temperature reading from DS18B20

tempSensor.requestTemperatures();
temperatureC = tempSensor.getTempCByIndex(0); // Get temperature in Celsius

// Read GPS data

while (Serial1.available() > 0) {
gps.encode(Serial1.read());
}

double latitude = 0.0, longitude = 0.0;

if (gps.location.isUpdated()) {
latitude = gps.location.lat();
longitude = gps.location.lng();
}

// Handle Peltier control logic

if (temperatureC < TEMP_THRESHOLD && !isPeltierOn) {
digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, LOW); // Turn ON Peltier
isPeltierOn = true;
Serial.println("Peltier turned ON. Body temperature falling.");
} else if (temperatureC >= TEMP_THRESHOLD && isPeltierOn) {
digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, HIGH); // Turn OFF Peltier
isPeltierOn = false;
Serial.println("Peltier turned OFF. Body temperature normal.");
}

// Print data to Serial Monitor

Serial.print("Pulse Value: ");
Serial.print(pulseValue);
Serial.print(", Accelerometer X: ");
Serial.print(ax_g, 3);
Serial.print(", Y: ");
Serial.print(ay_g, 3);
Serial.print(", Z: ");
Serial.print(az_g, 3);
Serial.print(", Temperature: ");
Serial.print(temperatureC);
 Serial.print(" °C, Latitude: ");
Serial.print(latitude, 6);
Serial.print(", Longitude: ");
Serial.println(longitude, 6);

// Prepare data packet

String dataPacket = "Pulse: " + String(pulseValue) +
", Accel X: " + String(ax_g, 3) +
", Accel Y: " + String(ay_g, 3) +
", Accel Z: " + String(az_g, 3) +
", Temp: " + String(temperatureC) + " °C, " +
"Lat: " + String(latitude, 6) +
", Lon: " + String(longitude, 6) +
", Peltier: " + (isPeltierOn ? "ON" : "OFF");
Serial.println("Sending packet: " + dataPacket);

// Transmit data via LoRa

LoRa.beginPacket();
LoRa.print(dataPacket);
LoRa.endPacket();

delay(1000); // Wait 1 second before sending the next packet

}

Receiver code
#include <SPI.h>
#include <LoRa.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_PCF8574.h> // Include the new LCD library

// Initialize the LCD (using LiquidCrystal_PCF8574 library)

LiquidCrystal_PCF8574 lcd(0x27); // I2C address for the LCD

void setup() {
// Initialize Serial communication
Serial.begin(9600);
while (!Serial);

// Initialize LCD
lcd.begin(16, 2); // Set the size of the LCD (16 columns, 2 rows)
lcd.setBacklight(1); // Turn on the backlight
lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
lcd.print("Initializing...");

// Initialize LoRa module

Serial.println("LoRa Receiver");
LoRa.setPins(17, 14, 15); // NSS, RESET, DIO0

if (!LoRa.begin(433E6)) { // Set frequency (adjust as per region)

Serial.println("LoRa initialization failed!");
lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
lcd.print("LoRa Init Failed");
while (1);
}
Serial.println("LoRa initialization successful!");
 lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
lcd.print("LoRa Initialized");
}

void loop() {
// Check if LoRa data is available to read
int packetSize = LoRa.parsePacket();
if (packetSize) {
// Read the incoming packet
String receivedData = "";
while (LoRa.available()) {
receivedData += (char)LoRa.read();
}

// Print the received packet

Serial.println("Received packet:");
Serial.println(receivedData);

// Parse and display the received data

parseData(receivedData);
}

delay(1000); // Wait for a while before reading again

}

void parseData(String data) {

// Split the data into key-value pairs using commas
int startIndex = 0;
while (startIndex < data.length()) {
int delimiterIndex = data.indexOf(',', startIndex);
if (delimiterIndex == -1) {
delimiterIndex = data.length();
}

// Extract key-value pair

String pair = data.substring(startIndex, delimiterIndex);
pair.trim(); // Ensure no leading/trailing spaces
int separatorIndex = pair.indexOf(':');
if (separatorIndex != -1) {
String key = pair.substring(0, separatorIndex);
key.trim(); // Clean key
String value = pair.substring(separatorIndex + 1);
value.trim(); // Clean value

// Print the extracted key and value

Serial.print("Key: ");
Serial.print(key);
Serial.print(", Value: ");
Serial.println(value);

// Display the data based on the key

if (key == "Pulse") {
Serial.print("Pulse Rate: ");
Serial.println(value.toInt());
updateLCD("Pulse Rate", value);
} else if (key == "Accel X") {
Serial.print("Acceleration X: ");
Serial.println(value.toFloat());

} else if (key == "Accel Y") {

Serial.print("Acceleration Y: ");
Serial.println(value.toFloat());
 } else if (key == "Accel Z") {
Serial.print("Acceleration Z: ");
Serial.println(value.toFloat());

} else if (key == "Resultant Acc") {

Serial.print("Resultant Acceleration: ");
Serial.println(value.toFloat());
updateLCD("Res Acc", value);
} else if (key == "Temp") {
Serial.print("Temperature: ");
Serial.println(value);
updateLCD("Temperature", value);
} else if (key == "Lat") {
Serial.print("Latitude: ");
Serial.println(value.toFloat());
updateLCD("Latitude", value);
} else if (key == "Lon") {
Serial.print("Longitude: ");
Serial.println(value.toFloat());
updateLCD("Longitude", value);
} else if (key == "Peltier") {
Serial.print("Peltier Status: ");
Serial.println(value);
updateLCD("Peltier", value);
}
}

// Move to the next key-value pair

startIndex = delimiterIndex + 1;
}
}

void updateLCD(String key, String value) {

lcd.clear();
lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
lcd.print(key);
lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
lcd.print(value.substring(0, 16)); // Truncate to fit 16 chars
delay(1000); // Wait for 1 second before displaying the next value
}

Transmitter code
#include <SPI.h>
#include <LoRa.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <MPU6050.h> // Include MPU6050 library
#include <OneWire.h>
#include <DallasTemperature.h>
#include <TinyGPS++.h> // Include TinyGPS++ library for GPS parsing

// Pulse rate sensor setup

const int pulsePin = 26; // GPIO26 (Pin 31) for pulse rate sensor signal
int pulseValue = 0; // Variable to store pulse rate sensor reading

// Accelerometer (MPU6050) setup

MPU6050 accel;

// Temperature sensor (DS18B20) setup

const int tempPin = 22; // GPIO22 for DS18B20 data line
OneWire oneWire(tempPin);
DallasTemperature tempSensor(&oneWire);
float temperatureC = 0.0; // Variable to store temperature in Celsius

// GPS module setup

TinyGPSPlus gps; // GPS object
#define RXPin 1 // GPS TX to GPIO0 (UART RX)
#define TXPin 0 // GPS RX to GPIO1 (UART TX)
#define GPSBaud 9600 // GPS baud rate

// Peltier module setup

#define RELAY_PIN 3 // GPIO0 connected to relay control pin
#define TEMP_THRESHOLD 30.0 // Temperature threshold in °C
bool isPeltierOn = false; // Track Peltier status

// Fall detection thresholds

#define FALL_LOW_THRESHOLD 0.9 // Resultant acceleration below this indicates free fall (in g)
#define FALL_HIGH_THRESHOLD 0.9 // Resultant acceleration above this indicates impact (in g)
#define FALL_DETECTION_DELAY 500 // Delay in ms between free fall and impact detection

bool fallDetected = false; // Track fall status

void setup() {
// Initialize Serial communication
Serial.begin(9600);
while (!Serial);

// Initialize LoRa module

Serial.println("Starting LoRa Transmitter...");
LoRa.setPins(17, 14, 15); // NSS, RESET, DIO0

if (!LoRa.begin(433E6)) { // Set frequency (adjust as per region)

Serial.println("LoRa initialization failed!");
while (1);
}
Serial.println("LoRa initialization successful!");
LoRa.setTxPower(20); // Set transmission power to maximum (20 dBm)

// Initialize pulse rate sensor (analog)

pinMode(pulsePin, INPUT);

// Initialize I2C for the accelerometer

Wire.begin();
accel.initialize(); // Initialize the accelerometer
if (!accel.testConnection()) {
Serial.println("MPU6050 connection failed!");
while (1); // Halt if the accelerometer is not connected
}
Serial.println("MPU6050 initialized...");

// Initialize DS18B20 temperature sensor

tempSensor.begin();
Serial.println("DS18B20 temperature sensor initialized...");

// Initialize GPS module

Serial1.begin(GPSBaud);
Serial.println("GPS module initialized...");

// Initialize Relay for Peltier

pinMode(RELAY_PIN, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, HIGH); // Start with Peltier OFF
}

void loop() {
// Read pulse rate sensor value
pulseValue = analogRead(pulsePin);

// Read accelerometer data

int16_t ax, ay, az;
accel.getAcceleration(&ax, &ay, &az);

// Convert accelerometer data to g

float ax_g = ax / 16384.0; // MPU6050 sensitivity scale factor (default)
float ay_g = ay / 16384.0;
float az_g = az / 16384.0;

// Compute resultant acceleration

float resultantAcceleration = sqrt(ax_g * ax_g + ay_g * ay_g + az_g * az_g);

// Fall detection logic

if (resultantAcceleration < FALL_LOW_THRESHOLD) {
delay(FALL_DETECTION_DELAY);
// Check again for impact
accel.getAcceleration(&ax, &ay, &az);
ax_g = ax / 16384.0;
ay_g = ay / 16384.0;
az_g = az / 16384.0;
resultantAcceleration = sqrt(ax_g * ax_g + ay_g * ay_g + az_g * az_g);

if (resultantAcceleration > FALL_HIGH_THRESHOLD) {

fallDetected = true;
Serial.println("Fall detected!");
} else {
fallDetected = false;
}
}

// Request temperature reading from DS18B20

tempSensor.requestTemperatures();
temperatureC = tempSensor.getTempCByIndex(0); // Get temperature in Celsius

// Read GPS data

while (Serial1.available() > 0) {
gps.encode(Serial1.read());
}

double latitude = 0.0, longitude = 0.0;

if (gps.location.isUpdated()) {
latitude = gps.location.lat();
longitude = gps.location.lng();
}

// Handle Peltier control logic

if (temperatureC < TEMP_THRESHOLD && !isPeltierOn) {
digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, LOW); // Turn ON Peltier
isPeltierOn = true;
Serial.println("Peltier turned ON. Body temperature falling.");
} else if (temperatureC >= TEMP_THRESHOLD && isPeltierOn) {
digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, HIGH); // Turn OFF Peltier
isPeltierOn = false;
Serial.println("Peltier turned OFF. Body temperature normal.");
}

// Print data to Serial Monitor

Serial.print("Pulse Value: ");
Serial.print(pulseValue);
Serial.print(", Accelerometer X: ");
 Serial.print(ax_g, 3);
Serial.print(", Y: ");
Serial.print(ay_g, 3);
Serial.print(", Z: ");
Serial.print(az_g, 3);
Serial.print(", Resultant Acc: ");
Serial.print(resultantAcceleration, 3);
Serial.print(", Temperature: ");
Serial.print(temperatureC);
Serial.print(" °C, Latitude: ");
Serial.print(latitude, 6);
Serial.print(", Longitude: ");
Serial.println(longitude, 6);

// Prepare data packet

String dataPacket = "Pulse: " + String(pulseValue) +
", Accel X: " + String(ax_g, 3) +
", Accel Y: " + String(ay_g, 3) +
", Accel Z: " + String(az_g, 3) +
", Resultant Acc: " + String(resultantAcceleration, 3) +
", Temp: " + String(temperatureC) + " °C, " +
"Lat: " + String(latitude, 6) +
", Lon: " + String(longitude, 6) +
", Peltier: " + (isPeltierOn ? "ON" : "OFF") +
", Fall: " + (fallDetected ? "Yes" : "No");
Serial.println("Sending packet: " + dataPacket);

// Transmit data via LoRa

LoRa.beginPacket();
LoRa.print(dataPacket);
LoRa.endPacket();

delay(1000); // Wait 1 second before sending the next packet

}