GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING | Module and Problem Sets

REVIEW IN GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING Mass of shrinkage dish = 10.65 g

Volume of shrinkage dish = 16.29 cm3
A. SOIL COMPOSITION/PROPERTIES Total volume of oven dry soil cake = 10.00 cm3
Situation 1 – In its natural state, a moist soil has a volume
of 0.00934 m3 and weighs 0.1776 kN. The oven-dried 16. Determine the shrinkage limit of soil. 10.247%
weight of the soil is 0.1536 kN. If Gs = 2.67, calculate the 17. Determine the shrinkage ratio. 1.981
following: 18. Determine the specific gravity of soil solids. 2.486
1. Moisture content, ω in %. 15.625%
2. Moist unit weight, ɣm. 19.015 kN/m3 C. SOIL CLASSIFICATION
3. Dry unit weight, ɣd. 16.445 kN/m3 Situation 5 – A sample of soil is obtained, and sieve
4. Void ratio, e. 0.593 analysis is performed to determine its particle
5. Porosity, n. 0.372 distribution.
6. Degree of saturation, S in %. 70.387%
7. Weight of water (kN) to be added per cubic meter of
soil if it is fully saturated. 1.081 kN per m3 of soil

Situation 2 – The moist unit weight of a soil is 2.1 g/cm3.

If the water content is 15.5% and the specific gravity of
soil is 2.72, determine the following:
8. Weight of water in kN to be added per cubic meter of
soil for 90% degree of saturation. 0.163 kN per
cubic meter of soil
9. Weight of water in kN to be added per cubic meter of 19. Calculate the following:
soil for it to reach full saturation. 0.488 kN per cubic a. D10. 0.158 mm
meter of soil b. D25. 0.193 mm
10. Submerged unit weight. 11.279 kN/m3 c. D30. 0.211 mm
d. D60. 0.526 mm
B. SOIL CONSISTENCY/ATTERBERG LIMITS e. D75. 1.097 mm
Situation 3 – Given the laboratory results of the Atterberg f. Cu. 3.334
Limits Test below, determine the following: g. Cc. 0.536
h. So. 2.385
20. Classify the sizes of the soil particles and determine
the corresponding percentages using the following
methods.
a. AASHTO
b. USCS/ASTM
c. USDA
21. Classify the soil using the following methods.
a. AASHTO
b. USCS/ASTM
c. USDA

Situation 6 – Classify the following soils by the USCS

classification system.

Use weight of the container = 10 grams. Determine:

11. Liquid limit of soil. 30.031%
12. Plastic limit of soil. 15.869%
13. Consistency index. -2.331
14. Liquidity index. 3.612
15. Characteristic of soil. Liquid state 22. What is the classification of Soil A? SW
23. What is the classification of Soil B? SP
Situation 4 – A shrinkage limit test on a clay soil gave the 24. What is the classification of Soil C? SP - SC
following data:
Mass of shrinkage dish and saturated soil = 38.78 g D. SOIL COMPACTION
Mass of shrinkage dish and oven dry soil = 30.46 g Situation 7 – The maximum and minimum dry densities of
a sand were determined in the laboratory to be 1682

CE REVIEW November 2025 ENGR. JEN MARCIEL D. SORIANO

GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING | Module and Problem Sets
kg/m3 and 1510 kg/m3, respectively. In the field, if the
relative density of compaction of the same sand is 70%, Situation 12 – A backfill material for a vibro-flotation
project has the following grain sizes:
25. What is its relative compaction? 96.696 % D10 = 0.09 mm
26. What is its dry density? 1626.422 kg/m3 D20 = 0.25 mm
D50 = 0.61 mm
Situation 8 – A loose, uncompacted sand fill 6 ft in depth
has a relative density of 40%. Laboratory tests indicated 33. Determine the suitability number and its rating.
that the minimum and maximum void ratios of the sand 20.648 (Fair)
are 0.46 and 0.90, respectively. The specific gravity of
solids of the sand is 2.65. E. PERMEABILITY
Situation 13 – Given the properties of a permeable soil
27. What is the dry unit weight of the sand? 15.079 layer as shown:
kN/m3 H = 2.2 m
28. If the sand is compacted to a relative density of 75%, H1 = 1.5 m
what is the decrease in thickness of the 6 - ft fill? h = 2.7 m
0.536 ft S=5m
α = 20o
Situation 9 – An embankment for a highway 30 m wide k = 1.12 x 10-5 m/sec
and 1.5 m in compacted thickness is to be constructed
from a sandy soil trucked from a borrow pit. The water 34. Find the flow rate in m3/hr/m length (right angle to
content of the sandy soil in the borrow pit is 15% and its the cross section shown) through the permeable soil
void ratio is 0.69 the specification requires the layer. 0.029 m3/hr/m
embankment to be compacted to a dry unit weight of 18
kN/m3, sp. gr. Of soil is 2.7. for a 1 km length of
embankment.

29. Volume of borrow pit soil required to construct the

embankment. 51,681.957 cubic meters
30. Number of trucks required if the capacity of one
truckload is 10 cubic meters. 5169 truckloads

Situation 10 – A proposed embankment fill requires 8000

m3 of compacted soil. The void ratio of the compacted fill
is specified as 0.7. Four borrow pits are available as
described in the following table, which lists the respective
Situation 14 – Refer to the constant-head arrangement
void ratios of the soil and the cost per cubic meter for
shown in the figure. For a test, the following are given:
moving the soil to the proposed construction site.
L = 18 inches
Area of the specimen = 3.5 in2
Constant-head difference, h =28 inches
Water collected in 3 minutes = 21.58 in3

35. Calculate the hydraulic conductivity (in/sec). 0.022

in/s
31. Make the necessary calculations to select the pit 36. Calculate the discharge velocity. 0.034 in/s
from which the soil should be bought to minimize 37. Calculate the seepage velocity if void ratio is 0.55.
the cost. Assume Gs to be the same at all pits. Pit B, 0.097 in/s
$49,411.76

Situation 11 – Following are the results of a field unit

weight determination test on a soil with the sand cone
method:
Calibrated dry density of Ottawa sand = 1667 kg/m3
Calibrated mass of Ottawa sand to fill the cone = 0.117 kg
Mass of jar + cone + sand (before use) = 5.99 kg
Mass of jar + cone + sand (after use) = 2.81 kg
Mass of moist soil from hole = 3.331 kg
Moisture content of moist soil = 11.6 %

32. Determine the dry unit weight of compaction in the

field. 15.936 kN/m3

CE REVIEW November 2025 ENGR. JEN MARCIEL D. SORIANO

GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING | Module and Problem Sets
height H1 = 0.20 ft whose coefficient of permeability is
Situation 15 – For a falling-head permeability test, the 6.10 x 10-4 ft/min.
following are given: A second coaxial mold, placed on top of the silt inside the
Length of the soil specimen = 500 mm first mold, has an inside diameter of 1.50 inches and a
Area of the soil specimen = 16 cm2 height of H2 = 0.30 ft. Its thickness is negligible. The inside
Area of the standpipe = 0.97 cm2 of this second mold is filled with the same silt, but the
Head difference at time t = 0 is 760 mm annular outside is filled with sand whose coefficient of
Head difference at time t = 6 minutes is 410 mm permeability is 2.50 x 10-3 ft/min.
The test was conducted at a temperature of 20o C with a The test setup is a permeameter of constant head. Water
unit weight of water 9.789 kN/m3 and the viscosity of is placed in the mold and maintained at a level h = 1.25 ft
water at 20o C is 1.005 x 10-3 Ns/m2. above the level of the outlet. It may be considered that the
system consists of a fictitious soil of thickness H = H1 + H2
and coefficient of permeability k.

38. Determine the hydraulic conductivity of the soil. 42. Which of the following most nearly gives the total
5.197 x 10-3 cm/s amount of flow of water through the soil?
39. Determine the absolute permeability of the soil. a. 2.36 x 10-4 ft3/min c. 2.55 x 10-4 ft3/min
5.335 x 10-8 cm2 b. 2.10 x 10 ft /min
-4 3
d. 2.28 x 10-4 ft3/min
40. What was the head difference at time t = 4 min? 43. Which of the following most nearly gives the
256.352 mm equivalent coefficient of permeability of the
system?
Situation 16 – A layered soil is shown in the figure. Given a. 1.01 x 10-3 ft/min c. 1.14 x 10-3 ft/min
that: b. 1.08 x 10 ft/min
-3
d. 1.05 x 10-3 ft/min
H1 = 1.5 m 44. Which of the following most nearly gives the total
k1 = 10-5 cm/sec amount of flow percolated after 30 mins?
H2 = 2.5 m a. 200.51 cm3 c. 216.59 cm3
k2 = 3.0x10-3 cm/sec b. 193.71 cm 3
d. 178.45 cm3
H3 = 3.0 m
k3 = 3.5 x10-5 cm/sec F. CONFINED & UNCONFINED AQUIFER (Permeability
Test in the Field)
41. Estimate the ratio of equivalent hydraulic Situation 18 (CE BOARD May 2008/ November 2017) – A
conductivity, kH(eq)/kV(eq). 36.786 300 mm diameter test well penetrates 27 meters below
the static water table after 24 hours of pumping at 69
liters/sec. The water level in an observation well at 95
meters from the test well is lowered 0.5 meters and the
other observation well at 35 meters from the test well, the
draw down is 1.1 meters.
45. Which of the following most nearly gives the rate of
flow in MLD? 5.962 MLD
46. Compute the coefficient of permeability of the
aquifer in m/day. 60.269 m/day
47. Compute the transmissivity of the aquifer in m2/day.
1579.037 m2/day

Situation 17 (CE BOARD May 2007/ November 2008/ Situation 19 – A well is constructed to pump water from a
May 2009) – A test is set-up in the figure below. A confined aquifer. Two observation wells are constructed
cylindrical mold 4 inches in diameter is filled with silt to a at distances 100 m and 1000 m respectively. Water is

CE REVIEW November 2025 ENGR. JEN MARCIEL D. SORIANO

GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING | Module and Problem Sets
pumped from the pumping well at the rate of 0.2 m3/min.
At steady state, the draw down is observed as 2 m and 8 H. STRESSES IN SOIL
m respectively in the farthest and the nearest observation Situation 22 – The soil profile consists of 5 m sand
wells. Diameter of the test well is 1 m. underlain by 13 m layer of clay. The ground water table is
48. Determine the transmissivity of the aquifer. 0.012 at a depth of 2.8 m below the surface. The sand has a unit
m2/min weight of 19 kN/m3 above the ground water table and the
49. Determine the draw down in the test well. 21.806 m saturated unit weight below was 20 kN/m3. The saturated
50. Determine the time travel of ground water from the unit weight of the clay is 15.7 kN/m3. At a depth of 11 m,
observation well at 30 m to the pumping well if the determine the following:
porosity of the aquifer is 0.40 and thickness of
aquifer is 15 meters. 58.888 days 57. Total stress or pressure, in kPa. 191.400 kPa
58. Water pressure, in kPa. 80.442 kPa
G. FLOW NETS 59. Effective stress, in kPa. 110.958 kPa
Situation 20 – A flow net flow around a single row of sheet
piles in a permeable soil layer is shown in the figure. k = 5 Situation 23 – A dense silt layer has the following
x 10-5 m/sec. properties:
Void ratio e = 0.30
Effective diameter D10 = 10 μm
Capillary constant C = 0.20 cm2
Free ground water level is 8.0 m below the ground surface.
Assume ɣs = 26.5 KN/m3 and that the soil above the
capillary action rise and below ground surface is partially
saturated at 50%. Determine the following:

60. Height of the capillary rise in the silt. 6.667 m

61. Vertical effective stress in kPa just before the top of
the capillary zone. 61.389 kPa
62. Vertical effective stress in kPa just after the top of
the capillary zone. 94.089 kPa
63. Vertical effective stress in kPa at a depth of 5 m.
51. How high above the ground surface will the water
141.163 kPa
rise if piezometer is placed at point A? 5.200 m
64. Vertical effective stress in kPa at a depth of 10 m.
52. Determine the difference in head, in meter, of water
205.355 kPa
level after 2 days. Assume that each stream has an
area of 1 hectare. 0.002 m
Situation 24 – The figure shows a granular soil in the tank
53. Compute the total seepage loss per meter length of
having a downward seepage. The water level in the tank is
sheet pile. 1.20 x 10-4 m3/s per meter length
held constant by adjusting the supply from the top and
outflow at the bottom.
Situation 21 – The weir shown has a base of which 2
meters below the ground surface. The pressure
distribution diagram at the base of the weir can be
obtained from the equipotential lines as follows:
Coefficient of permeability k = 4 m/day.

Determine the following:

65. Effective stress at the bottom, in kPa. 76.098 kPa
66. Critical hydraulic gradient, icr. 1.143
67. Seepage force per cubic meter at critical condition.
11.211 kN per cubic meter

54. Compute the uplift pressure at d. 49.050 kPa I. COMPRESSIBILITY OF SOIL

55. Compute the uplift force per unit length. 809.325 kN Situation 25 – A soil profile is given in which is composed
per unit length of a 9-m thick sand layer (with a dry unit weight of 16
56. Compute the seepage through the foundation. 12 kN/m3 and a saturated unit weight of 18.5 kN/m3)
m3/day

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GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING | Module and Problem Sets
underlain by an 8-m thick clay layer (with a saturated unit 74. Compute the compression index of clay. Use LI =
weight of 19 kN/m3, e = 0.95 and LL = 50%). The ground 0.645, PL = 20%, ω = 40 %. 0.369
water table is located 3 meters below the ground surface. 75. Compute the settlement under the center of the
A uniformly distributed load of 50 kPa is applied at the tank. 899.699 mm
ground surface. Assume Cs = 1/5 Cc. Determine the 76. Find the minimum depth from the ground surface to
settlement (mm) of the clay layer caused by primary which the tank must be placed in order to minimize
settlement. 6.190 meters
consolidation if:

68. The clay is normally consolidated. 199.689 mm J. SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOIL

69. The pre-consolidation pressure pc is 210 kPa. 39.938 Situation 29 – For the state of stress as shown in the
mm figure:
70. The pre-consolidation pressure pc is 150 kPa.
152.796 mm

Situation 26 – A rigid 3-m square footing is constructed

over a loose sand layer as shown on the figure. It carries a
total load of 710 kN.

77. Determine the maximum principal stress, in kPa.

54.142 kPa
78. Determine the minimum principal stress, in kPa.
25.858 kPa
79. Determine the maximum shear stress, in kPa.
14.142 kPa
80. Determine the normal and shear stress at failure
plane, in kPa. 51.585 kPa, 8.112 kPa

Situation 30 – The following are the results of direct shear

tests performed on two identical samples of the soil. In
test one, the sample shears at a stress of 71 kPa when the
compressive normal stress is 95 kPa. In test two, the
sample shears at a stress of 104 kPa when the normal
stress is 150 kPa.
81. Determine the value of the apparent cohesion. 14
kPa
82. Determine the angle if internal friction. 30.964 kPa
71. Compute the elastic settlement of the 3 m footing if 83. Determine the shear stress at a depth of 4 m if the
the Poisson’s ratio (μs) of soil is 0.32, Modulus of unit weight of soil is 15.6 kN/m3. 51.440 kPa
elasticity of soil Es = 16000 kPa, influence factor Ip =
0.88. 11.684 mm Situation 31 – The results of two drained triaxial tests on
72. Compute the primary consolidation settlement of a saturated clay are given here:
the clay layer if it is normally consolidated. 16.890 Specimen 1:
mm Chamber confining pressure = 103.5 kPa
73. Compute the total consolidation settlement of the Deviator stress at failure = 216.7 kPa
clay layer 5 years after the completion of primary Specimen 2:
consolidation settlement. Time for completion of Chamber confining pressure = 172.5 kPa
primary settlement is 2 years. Secondary Deviator stress at failure = 324.3 kPa
compression index Cα = 0.02. 48.555 mm
84. Calculate the shear strength parameters of the soil.
Situation 28 – A tank 12-m high filled with oil having a unit c’ = 17.283 kPa, φ’ = 25.983o
weight of 9.4 kN/m3 is to be built on a site. The existing soil 85. Compute the shearing stress at a depth of 6 m below
profile consists of a 3.6 m sand (ɣsat = 18.88 kN/m3) the ground surface if a ground water table is located
underlain by a 16 m clay layer (ɣsat = 17.31 kN/m3, e = 2 m below the ground surface. The soil’s dry and
1.27). The water table is on the ground surface. Neglecting saturated unit weight are 16 and 20 kN/m3,
the weight of the tank, respectively. 52.745 kPa

CE REVIEW November 2025 ENGR. JEN MARCIEL D. SORIANO

GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING | Module and Problem Sets
Situation 32 – A consolidated undrained (CU) 95. Find the critical height of the soil when β = 32o with
compression test was conducted on a normally no seepage. 9.865 m
consolidated clay soil by consolidating the soil using a
cell pressure of 150 kPa and then incrementally applying Situation 35 – An infinite slope of granular soil has a slope
loads on the plunger while keeping the cell pressure of 23o. The saturated unit weight of sand is 21.5 kN/m3 and
constant. Failure was observed when the stress exerted the effective friction angle is 35o. The sand has a depth of
by the plunger (deviator stress) was 160 kPa and the pore 5 m over a sledge rock. Depth of sand is measured
water pressure recorded was 54 kPa. vertically.

86. Determine the undrained shear strength of the clay. 96. Compute the factor of safety against slippage
80 kPa assuming no seepage. 1.650
87. Determine the undrained friction angle. 20.354o 97. Compute the factor of safety against slippage
88. Determine the drained friction angle. 27.036o assuming full seepage. 0.897

Situation 33 – During unconsolidated undrained triaxial Situation 36 – A finite slope is shown in the figure. The unit
test on a clayey soil specimen, the minor and major weight of soil is 17.3 kN/m3 with a cohesion of 12 kN/m2
principal stresses at failure were 100 kPa and 180 kPa and an angle of friction of 10o. The slope makes an angle
respectively. of 50o with the horizontal. Assuming the slope of failure
would occur along plane AC.
89. Find the angle of friction for the unconsolidated
undrained triaxial test. 0
90. Find the cohesion for the similar specimen if
subjected to unconfined compression test. 40 kPa
91. What will be the axial stress at failure of the same
specimen if subjected to unconfined compression
test. 80 kPa

K. SLOPE STABILITY
Situation 34 – An infinite slope as shown in the figure has
the following shear strength parameters at the interface
of soil and rock:
98. Determine the height of slope for critical
Angle of internal friction, φ = 26o
equilibrium. 8.947 m
Cohesion, c = 18 kPa
99. Determine the stability number. 0.078
Angle that the slope makes with the horizontal, β = 22o
100. If BC is 4.8 meters, compute the factor of safety
Height of soil below the ground surface to the interface of
against sliding. 1.078
soil and rock, H = 8 m
Moist unit weight of soil = 18.50 kN/m3
L. TERZAGHI’S BEARING CAPACITY
Saturated unit weight of soil = 21.40 kN/m3
Situation 37 – A square footing 2 m on a side founded 1.2
m below the ground surface for which the bulk unit weight
of soil is 20 kN/m3, the cohesion strength is 10 kPa and the
angle of internal friction is 15o. Under the condition of
general shear failure, evaluate the soil bearing capacity in
kPa if:
101. The ground water table is more than 2 m. 298.300
kPa
102. The ground water table is at the bottom of the
footing. 286.371 kPa
103. The ground water table rises to the ground surface.
233.986 kPa

92. Find the factor of safety against sliding assuming Situation 38 – For a certain soil, the cohesion c is 50
that there is no water pressure. 1.557 kN/m2, the unit weight is 19.2 kN/m3. Angle of friction
93. Find the factor of safety against sliding assuming φ=10o.
there is a seepage through the soil and that the
groundwater level is located 2 meters from the top. 104. Assuming local shear failure, calculate the net
1.095 ultimate bearing capacity in kPa for a strip footing of
94. Find the factor of safety against sliding assuming width = 1.25 m at a depth = 3 m. Use Nc’ = 7.5, Nq’ =
there is a seepage through the soil and that the 1.8, Nɣ’ = 0.48. 301.840 kPa
groundwater level coincides with the ground 105. Considering general shear failure, calculate the safe
surface. 0.957 load in kN of a rectangular footing 6 m long by 1.25

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GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING | Module and Problem Sets
m wide using FS = 2.50. Use Nc = 9.0, Nq = 2.5, Nɣ =
1.2. 2166.975 kN
𝑞𝑢(𝑛𝑒𝑡) 𝑃𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
𝑞𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒 = + 𝛾𝐷𝑓 =
𝐹𝑆 𝐴
106. What soil properties is needed in the design of a
footing? Compressibility of soil

Situation 39 – A circular footing with a 1.5-m diameter is

to be constructed 1.22 m below the ground surface. The
subsoil consists of a uniform deposit of dense soil having
the following strength parameters:
Angle of internal friction = 25o
Unconfined compressive strength, qu = 96 kPa
Unit weight of soil = 20.12 kN/m3
The groundwater table is at a great depth and its effect
can be ignored. Use Nc = 24.1, Nq = 13.1, Nɣ = 9.1. N. CANTILEVER & ANCHORED PILES
Situation 43 – A cantilever sheet pile is 8.2 m long with a
107. Compute the ultimate bearing capacity of the soil, in depth of embedment of 3.2 m. Angle of friction of the soil
kPa. 1907.789 kPa supported by the sheet pile is 34o and has a unit weight of
108. Compute the gross and effective allowable 1.91 g/cc. There is water table below the base of the sheet
capacities of the soil, in kPa, using FS = 3.0. 635.930 pile.
kPa, 627.748 kPa
109. Compute the gross and effective allowable load, in 119. Compute the active force acting on the sheet pile, in
kN. 1123.781 kN, 1109.322 kN kN per meter length. 178.094 kN
120. Compute the passive force acting on the sheet pile,
M. LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE in kN per meter length. 339.331 kN
Situation 40 – A retaining wall 8 m high is supporting a 121. Compute the theoretical passive force that must be
horizontal backfill having a dry unit weight of 1600 kg/m 3. mobilized to ensure stability. 456.365 kN
The cohesionless soil has an angle of friction of 33o.
Situation 44 – An anchored sheet pile wall supports a
110. Compute the Rankine active force per unit length of mass of 7.3 m high with the horizontal surface. The angle
the wall. 148.070 kN of friction of the soil is 31o with a unit weight of 1.96 g/cm3.
111. Compute the Rankine active force on the wall if the The total height of the sheet pile is 10.5 m which is
water table is located at a depth of 3.5 m below the supported by an anchor bolt placed 1.2 m below the
ground surface. The saturated unit weight is 18.7 ground surface which has a spacing of 3 m center to
kN/m3. 227.082 kN center.
112. Compute the location of the Rankine active force
from the bottom of the retaining wall. 2.261 m 122. Compute the active force, in kN per meter length.
339.280 kN
Situation 41 – A 7m high retaining wall retains a soil which 123. Compute the fraction of the theoretical maximum
is inclined at a slope of 1V:3H. The soil it retains has a unit passive resistance of the total embedded length
weight of 20kN/m3 and an angle of friction of 20o. which must be mobilized for equilibrium. 0.777
124. Compute the tension in the anchor bolt, in kN.
113. Using Rankine’s theory, what is the coefficient of 300.819 kN
active pressure? 0.720
114. What is the total active force on the wall? 352.582 O. BRACED SHEETINGS
kN Situation 45 – A 7-m deep braced cut in sand is shown. In
115. What is the overturning moment? 822.692 kN.m the plan, the struts are placed at a spacing of 2 m center
to center. Using Peck’s empirical pressure diagram.
Situation 42 – A retaining wall retains a coarse sand as
shown in the figure. Unit weight of concrete is 24.0 kN/m3.

116. What is the total active thrust on the retaining wall?

1149.888 kN per meter length
117. What is the factor of safety against overturning?
2.089
118. What is the factor of safety against sliding? 0.988

Using angle of friction = 30o and a unit weight of 16 kN/m3,

CE REVIEW November 2025 ENGR. JEN MARCIEL D. SORIANO

GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING | Module and Problem Sets
Saturated unit weight of sand = 20 kN/m3
125. Compute the strut load at level A. 109.200 kN
126. Compute the strut load at level B. 36.400 kN
127. Compute the moment on wale A per meter width of
soil. 27.300 kN.m per meter of wall

Situation 46 – A braced sheet pile for an open cut in a stiff

clay is shown in the figure. The struts are spaced
longitudinally at 4 m center to center.

134. Compute the point bearing capacity of the pile, in

kN. 522.397 kN
135. Compute the frictional capacity of the pile, in kN.
390.258 kN
136. Compute the allowable capacity of the pile
Using a unit weight of 17.29 kN/m3 and unconfined assuming a factor of safety of 3.0. 304.218 kN
compression strength qu of 96 kPa,
Situation 49 – A pile group consists of 12 piles with a
128. Compute the strut load on strut A. 367.629 kN diameter of 0.30 m and a pile length of 12 m is shown in
129. Compute the strut load on strut B. 525.184 kN the figure. The piles are spaced in a 3 pile by 4 pile
130. Compute the strut load on strut C. 367.629 kN rectangular configuration with a pile spacing of 0.60 m
center to center of piles. The piles are driven into clay that
P. PILES has the given characteristics.
Situation 47 – A 0.36-m square prestressed concrete pile
is to be driven in a clayey soil as shown in the figure. The
design capacity of the pile is 360 kN, with FS = 2.0.

137. Determine the allowable load on the pile group

considering that the piles act individually. Use
bearing capacity factor of Nc = 9, α = 1.0 and FS = 3.0.
131. Compute the end bearing capacity of the pile, in kN. 3623.356 kN
64.152 kN 138. Determine the allowable load on the piles
132. Compute the skin friction expected to develop along considering group action. 2306.700 kN
the shaft of the pile, in kN. 655.848 kN 139. What would be the minimum pile spacing to achieve
133. Compute the length of the pile if α = 0.76. 10.896 m 100% efficiency? 1.011 meters

Situation 48 – A circular pile having a diameter of 0.30 m

is 12 m long as shown in the figure which is embedded in
a layer of dense compacted sand having the given
properties.
Lateral pressure factor, K = 1.20
Bearing capacity factor, Nq = 80
Coefficient of friction, μ = 0.40
Factor of safety, FS = 3.00
Unit weight of sand = 18 kN/m3

CE REVIEW November 2025 ENGR. JEN MARCIEL D. SORIANO

GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING | Module and Problem Sets

CE REVIEW November 2025 ENGR. JEN MARCIEL D. SORIANO

GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING | Module and Problem Sets

CE REVIEW November 2025 ENGR. JEN MARCIEL D. SORIANO

GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING | Module and Problem Sets

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