Flowchart

Artificial intelligence (AI)

Machine learning
Data type
Program
Algorithm
String
Character
Integer
Real
Float
Concatenation
Cast
Pseudocode
Test plan
User requirements
Prototype
Iterate/iterative/iteration
Trace table
Variable
Selection
Truth table
Logic error
Syntax error
Runtime error
Conditional statement
Sequence
Execute
Count-controlled loop
For loop
Efficient
Array
One-dimensional array
Normal test data
Extreme test data
Invalid test data
Microprocessor
Data
Accelerometer
Syntax
Function
User requirements
Sub-program
Sub-routine
Parameter
IF statement
Index
List
Linear search
Binary search
A visual representation of an algorithm.
Ability of a computer system to do human-like behavior, such as to learn and develop its own program
Ability of a computer system to learn over time.
Classification applied to a data item specifying which type of data that item represents, e.g. in a sprea
Instructions that tell a computer system how to complete a task.
Step-by-step instructions to solve a particular problem.
A data type: a sequence of characters that can be text, numbers or symbols; quotation marks around
A data type: a single letter, digit or symbol. e.g. 'x', '@'
A data type: a whole number. e.g. 5, 0, -999
A data type: a decimal number. This data type is also known as a float. e.g. 2.3, -6.0, 0.1
A data type: a decimal number. This data type is also known as a real . e.g. -5.1, 7.00
Joining two strings together.
Change the data type of a variable.
A textual representation of an algorithm, that focuses on the algorithm rather than programming lang
Document that details the tests to be carried out, what the test results should be, and whether or not
Tasks or features a user expects the application to be able to do or help with.
Initial product created for testing and reviewing, before a final product is released.
Repeat/repeated/repetition.
Technique for predicting step by step what will happen as each line of an algorithm or program is run,
Named memory location that can store a value.
Choice to be added to a program using if... elif... else and the next instruction executed in the program
Breakdown of a logic circuit, listing all possible inputs and the resulting outputs that the logic circuit c
Error that allows a program to run but not output what is expected.
Error in program code that stops the program from running. e.g. missing a quotation mark or spelling
Error that occurs
OUTPUT while
"Hi, who a program
are you?" is running; the instructions cannot be completed.
END IF
Order that program code needs to be in to work correctly.
Carry out the instructions described in a computer program.
Set of instructions repeated a set number of times.
In programming, one of the ways to create a count-controlled loop in Python or MicroPython.
The efficiency of a program can be measured by how quickly it runs.
In programming, a collection of items stored under one identifier (name) in a particular order. The item
A type of array that stores items in a single 'line' and gives each item a position number, called an ind
Data of the correct type that should be accepted by a program.
Acceptable input but at the ends of the possible input range.
Data that should be rejected (not be accepted) by a program.
Device that has one circuit but the input, process and output functions of a computer.
Raw information, values, facts and figures.
Detects a change in direction of a device.
Specific rules used in a programming language.
Sub-program that can exist as part of a bigger program.
Tasks a user expects of an application.
Small program that can be called from the main program to run at any time. Sub-programs are also ca
Small program that can be called from the main program to run at any time. Sub-routines are also cal
Value that is passed into a function to be used as part of a sub-program.
In programming, this evaluates a condition which determines the path of the program depending on w
Numerical reference for a location of a piece of data stored in an array.
Data structure in Python that can store multiple items of data of mixed data types under a single iden
Sequential method of searching a list from start to end, checking each element in turn.
Divide-and-conquer algorithm that splits an array in half each iteration, checking the middle value to
experiences it encounters.

the data types available include currency, text and number.

define it as a string. e.g. "hello!"

uccessful.

he outcome of a condition.

he same data type.

dition is true or false.

s can be changed.
her it is higher or lower or it has found the required value.
Software
Hardware
Applications software
Systems software
Operating system
Device driver
Security software
Defragmentation
Analogue
Digital
Digitise
Sampling
Binary digit
Bit depth
Storage units
Character
Translator
Compiler
Interpreter
High-level language (HLL)
Low-level language (LLL)
Assembly language
Machine code
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Processor
Fetch
Decode
Execute
Arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
Control unit (CU)
Register
Random Access Memory (RAM)
Main memory
Logic circuit
Truth table
Algorithm
Conditional statement
Boolean expression
Artificial intelligence (AI)
Machine learning
Industry 4.0
Prototype
User experience
Accessibility
Ergonomics
Network
Data
Data packet
Sustainably
Fit for purpose
Active internet connection
High bandwidth
Interference
Network topology
Personal Area Network (PAN)
Local Area Network (LAN)
Server
Wide Area Network (WAN)
Internet Service Provider (ISP)
Hardware
Router
Network switch
Network interface card (NIC)
MAC address
Wireless access point
File server
Firewall
Network traffic
Bus topology
Terminator
Colliding
Ring topology
Star topology
Protocol
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
IP address
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS)
Domain name
Scalability
Cyber-attack
Administrator
Cloud computing
Online storage services
Network operating system (NOS)
Operating system
Utilities software
Software
Device driver
Defragmentation
Hard disc drive
User management
Virus scanning
Backup
Encryption
Remotely
Bit
Binary data
Hacker
Parity-checking
Byte
Parity bit
Dataset
Table
Character
Brute-force attack
Biometric security
Two-factor authentication
Fingerprint recognition
Facial recognition
Authenticate
Plaintext
Protocol
Artificial intelligence (AI)
Machine learning
Two-dimensional parity check
Parity byte
Block
Command line
Graphical user interface (GUI)

Software
Applications software
Systems software
Processor
Execute
Program
Data
Machine learning
Prototype
Operating system
Device driver
Security software
Defragmentation
Translator
Compiler
Interpreter
Analogue
Digitise
Convert
Storage units
Logic circuit
List
Traditional manufacturing
Utilities software
Hardware
Device driver
Security software
Plug-and-play device
Personal identification number (PIN)
Password
Biometric security
Facial recognition
Fingerprint recognition
Voice-pattern recognition
Algorithm
Hard disc drive
Fragmentation
Random Access Memory (RAM)
Analogue-to-digital converter (ADC)
Sampling
Sample rate
Hertz (Hz)
Binary digit
Bit
Bit depth
Transistor
Process
Byte
Character
Convert
Backup
High-level language (HLL)
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Instruction set
Machine code
Low-level language (LLL)
Data item
Variable
Assembly language
Assembler
Main memory
Platform
Arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
Control unit (CU)
Register
Accumulator (ACC)
Program counter (PC)
Current instruction register (CIR)
Memory address register (MAR)
Memory data register (MDR)
Main memory
Fetch
Decode
Conditional statement
Conditional operator
Boolean expression
Logic circuit
Artificial intelligence (AI)
Radio frequency identification (RFID) tags
Chatbot
Industrial revolution
Industry 4.0
Cookies
Prototype
Feedback
User experience
Accessibility
Ergonomics
Emerging technologies
Truth table

Social-media application
Data
Data item
Virtual learning environment (VLE)
Relational database
Spreadsheet model
Platform
Data type
Global Positioning System (GPS)
Database
Spreadsheet
Process
Big Data
5Vs
Volume
Velocity
Variety
Value
Veracity
Big Data analytics
Vehicle telematics
Algorithm
Meteorology
Table
Flat-file database
Data redundancy
Data-entry error
Relational database
Entity
Attribute
Primary key
Foreign key
Relationship
Entity
One-to-one relationship
One-to-many relationship
Many-to-many relationship
Entity relationship diagram (ERD)
Data dictionary
Validation
Input mask
Query
Search criterion
Criteria
Simple query
Complex query
Report
Parameter query
Wildcard query
Multi-table query
Multiple-criteria query
Function
MIN function
MAX function
IF statement
COUNT function
Evaluation
Efficient
User requirements
Structured Query Language (SQL)
Query by Example (QBE)
A program or a set of instructions that tell a computer what to do to complete a task; aspects of a dev
Physical parts of a computer that you can touch and see, e.g. the processor, storage devices, input de
Software designed to do a particular task, e.g. a word processor, spreadsheet, web browser, mobile-p
Software that helps a user run a computer.
Software that manages all the computer hardware and software; it also acts as an interface between c
Software program that operates a hardware device connected to a computer.
Any type of software that secures and protects a digital device. e.g. password locker, anti-virus, anti-s
Reorganising files stored on a hard drive to ensure that all parts of the same file are located one after
Continually varying signal, e.g. a sound signal made from a violin.
A signal made of 1s or 0s, which allows it to be transferred electronically.
Convert an analogue signal into digital format, i.e. into 1s and 0s.
Taking samples of a sound wave at fixed intervals.
0 or 1; the smallest unit of binary data represented on a digital device.
The number of bits used to store a single sound sample.
Number of bits used to store a data item in a digital device.
A data type: a single letter, digit or symbol. e.g. 'x', '@'
Converts program instructions into machine-code format so the processor can carry out the instructio
Translates an entire computer program into machine code and creates a file containing machine code
Translates each line of high-level language code into machine code.
Programming language that uses commands and terms that are linked to the words or symbols a hum
Programming language that uses commands that are similar to the type of instructions the processor
Set of codes or symbols that represent each instruction, rather than a group of 1s and 0s.
Combination of 1s and 0s that represent each instruction in the instruction set of a digital device.
The part of the computer that carries out program instructions, sometimes known simply as the proce
Electronic circuitry that executes the instructions described in a computer program; often called the c
Collect an instruction from main memory.
Work out what an instruction means/what it is telling the Central Processing Unit to do.
Carry out the instructions described in a computer program.
The part of the CPU that carries out the calculations needed during the execution of a program.
The part of the CPU that gives commands to other hardware components to ensure programs are carr
A special type of memory (it's very small, but very fast) in the CPU that is used to stores data the CPU
Memory used to store programs and data currently being used by the CPU (the processor).
Another name for Random Access Memory (RAM).
Combination of logic gates for solving a problem in a digital device.
Breakdown of a logic circuit, listing all possible operations the logic circuit can carry out.
Step-by-step instructions
OUTPUT "Hi, to solve a particular problem.
who are you?"
END IF
A statement that can be evaluated to True or False. Boolean expressions can contain conditional oper
Software that can do human-like behavior, such as to learn and develop its own programming from th
The ability of a computer system to learn over time. Machine learning is a type of AI.
The use of new technologies in the manufacturing industry (factories that make things), making them
Initial product created for testing and reviewing, before a final product is released.
How intuitive and easy the product is to use.
How successfully a new product or piece of software can be used by anyone, including those with phy
How a product or piece of software is designed or arranged so that it can be used comfortably and effi
Collection of computing devices connected to each other, either by wires or wirelessly.
Raw facts and figures.
Small unit of data that is packaged to be sent across a network.
When a network is built in a way that it is easy to maintain in the future.
Something that is well designed for its purpose.
Where a device has a working connection to the internet.
 Connection that can send and receive a large amount of data per second.
When electronic signals disrupt data transmissions.
Diagram that shows how devices in a network are connected to one another, and shows the network h
Type of network where devices communicate over a small area of no more than 10 metres, usually co
Type of network where devices communicate over a small geographical area, e.g. a single building.
Usually a powerful computer that offers a range of services to a network, e.g. file storage, user manag
Type of network where devices communicate over a large geographical area, such as across a city or
Company that provides users access to the internet, and is often responsible for the network equipme
Physical parts of a computer that you can touch and see, e.g. the processor, storage devices, input de
Hardware device that connects networks together.
Switch that connects devices together to form a wired network.
Every device that connects to a network includes a NIC, which has a pre-programmed MAC address so
Number programmed into a network interface card that identifies each device on a network.
Allows devices to connect to a network using Wi-Fi.
Server that stores users’ files and enables them to be shared on a network.
Restricts the network traffic entering and exiting a network, to ensure that it is safe.
Amount of data travelling through a network, split into small parts for transmission.
Network in which all devices are connected together via a main cable running down the centre of the
Ending to a network cable that absorbs the signal to stop it bouncing back.
When data ‘bumps into’ other data, which often causes errors or lost data.
Network in which all devices are connected together to form a ring.
Network in which each device is connected separately to a central switch.
Protocol for transferring data between devices.
net Protocol (TCP/IP)
Unique number assigned to a computer on a network.
Set of rules for communicating with web servers.
Set of rules for communicating with web servers, with added encryption to improve security.
Part of a URL that specifies the location on the internet, e.g. google.com
Capacity to make something larger, e.g. a network enlarged with more devices.
Attempt to gain unauthorised access to a network, to damage or destroy a computer system.
Account with top-level access, with the ability to change settings or add and remove users from a net
Using servers on the internet for services.
Using file storage servers on the internet to store files.
Computer operating system that supports networks, often including additional administrator software
Software that manages all the computer hardware and software; it also acts as an interface between c
Software that helps maintain the smooth functioning of a digital device by helping the operating syste
A program or a set of instructions that tell a computer what to do to complete a task; aspects of a dev
Software program that operates a hardware device connected to a computer.
Reorganising files stored on a hard drive to ensure that all parts of the same file are located one after
Removable disc in computers for storing large amounts of data, typically measured in gigabytes or ter
Adding or removing users to control access to a network.
Checking files on a computer system for malicious content.
Copying files to another location in case the original is lost or damaged.
Converting information into a scrambled form, so that it cannot be understood if it is intercepted.
Connecting to a network from another location via an internet connection.
Short for ‘binary digit’: 0 or 1.
Data that is represented as a 1 or a 0.
Somebody who tries to gain unauthorised access to a computer system or network.
Type of error check that ensures data has been transmitted correctly.
Eight bits of data, e.g. 01010011.
Bit added to a byte to make the total number of 1 bits either even or odd.
Collection of related information that a computer can manipulate.
Set of facts or figures that are set out in a column and row structure.
Single letter, digit or symbol.
Type of unauthorised access to a computer system that uses a large dictionary to try multiple passwo
Security method that identifies people using a physical attribute (e.g. a fingerprint) or a behaviour (e.
Method of signing into a system that requires two types of authentication (e.g. a password and a one-
A system that matches a real-time image of a human fingerprint with a database of saved fingerprint
System that matches a real-time image of a human face with a database of saved facial representatio
Confirm a user’s details to ensure that they should be allowed access to a system.
Text that has not been encrypted and can be read if it is intercepted.
Agreed set of rules that computers follow to communicate with each other over a network.
Ability of a computer system to learn and develop its own programming from the experiences it encou
Ability of a computer system to learn over time.
Check for finding where an error exists within a parity check.
Byte added to a block of data to check whether the data is valid or invalid.
String of data (0s and 1s).
A way of using an operating system that is navigated by typing commands.
Way of using software that is navigated by pointing and clicking on graphics on a screen.

A program or a set of instructions that tell a computer what to do to complete a task; aspects of a dev
Software designed to do a particular task, e.g. a word processor, spreadsheet, web browser, mobile-p
Software that helps a user run a computer.
Electronic circuitry that executes the instructions described in a computer program; often called the c
Carry out the instructions described in a computer program.
Instructions that tell a computer system how to complete a task.
Raw facts and figures.
Ability of a computer system to learn over time.
Initial product created for testing and reviewing, before a final product is released.
Software that manages all the computer hardware and software; it also acts as an interface between c
Software program that operates a hardware device connected to a computer.
Any type of software that secures and protects a digital device.
Reorganising files stored on a hard drive to ensure that all parts of the same file are located one after
Converts program instructions into machine-code format so the processor can carry out the instructio
Translates an entire computer program into machine code and creates a file containing machine code
Translates each line of high-level language code into machine code.
Continually varying signal, e.g. a sound signal.
Convert into digital format, i.e. into 1s and 0s.
Change from one unit to another, e.g. storage units (e.g. bits/bytes/kilobytes).
Number of bits used to store a data item in a digital device.
Combination of logic gates for solving a problem in a digital device.
Data structure in Python that can store multiple items of data of mixed data types under a single iden
The making of products before computerisation; it often relied on human production lines, where peop
Software that helps maintain the smooth functioning of a digital device by helping the operating syste
Physical parts of a computer that you can touch and see, e.g. the processor, storage devices, input de
Software program that operates a hardware device connected to a computer.
Any type of software that secures and protects a digital device.
Device that is detected automatically and set up correctly for use by the operating system; no human
Sometimes called a PIN number or PIN code; a numerical passcode that allows a user access to a digit
Code made up of numbers or numbers and letters and other characters (depending on the device), wh
Security method that identifies people using a physical attribute (e.g. a fingerprint) or a behaviour (e.
System that matches a real-time image of a human face with a database of saved facial representatio
A system that matches a real-time image of a human fingerprint with a database of saved fingerprint
Software that can understand and carry out spoken instructions.
Step-by-step instructions to solve a particular problem.
Removable disc in computers for storing large amounts of data, typically measured in gigabytes or ter
Situation that occurs when pieces of files are scattered across the surface of a hard disc when the ope
Memory used to store programs and data currently being used by the processor.
Converts analogue signals, e.g. the human voice, to digital signals.
Taking samples of a sound wave at fixed intervals.
Number of sound samples taken each second.
Unit of measurement of how many sound samples are taken in 1 second.
0 or 1; the smallest unit of binary data represented on a digital device.
Short for ‘binary digit’: 0 or 1.
The number of bits used to store a single sound sample.
Tiny switch activated by electrical signals – when the transistor is ON it represents 1; when the transis
Carrying out an operation on data, e.g. querying a database or doing a calculation using data in a spre
Eight bits of data, e.g. 01010011.
Single letter, digit or symbol.
Change from one unit to another, e.g. storage units (e.g. bits/bytes/kilobytes).
Copying files to another location in case the original is lost or damaged.
Programming language that uses commands and terms that are linked to the words or symbols a hum
The part of the computer that carries out program instructions, sometimes known simply as the proce
All the instructions in machine code that a Central Processing Unit can execute.
Combination of 1s and 0s that represent each instruction in the instruction set of a digital device.
Programming language that uses commands that are similar to the type of instructions the processor
Piece of information that represents part of the data that makes up a person, place or thing, e.g. some
Named memory location that can store a value.
Set of codes or symbols that represent each instruction, rather than a group of 1s and 0s.
Translates assembly-language instructions into machine code and creates one line of machine code fo
Another name for RAM, which is used to store the programs and data the Central Processing Unit is cu
Hardware and operating system that runs an application.
Carries out the calculations needed during the execution of a program.
Issues commands to the other hardware components to help ensure programs are carried out correctl
Location in main memory that temporarily stores data about memory locations, instructions and data
Holds the results of processing carried out by the arithmetic logic unit.
Stores the address of the next instruction waiting to be executed (carried out) by the Central Processi
Stores the address of the instruction the Central Processing Unit is currently executing.
Holds the address of the memory location being accessed, either to read data from or write data to.
Any data or instructions that pass into or out of main memory must pass through the MDR.
Another name for RAM, which is used to store the programs and data the Central Processing Unit is cu
Collect an instruction from another location.
Work out what an instruction means/what it is telling the Central Processing Unit to do.
Completes a check to see whether set criteria is either True or False.
Symbol, e.g. >, < and =, used to carry out comparisons between two values.
Expression that contains conditional operators; symbols, e.g. >, < and =, used to carry out compariso
Combination of logic gates for solving a problem in a digital device.
Ability of a computer system to learn and develop its own programming from the experiences it encou
Technology that uses radio signals to send data to another device.
Software application that uses text to ask questions to help a user.
Rapid change in how society works following the introduction of new developments, e.g. machines, co
Refers to how industry is combining electronics with new technologies, e.g. machine learning, artificia
Small pieces of data, collected from websites and stored as text by web browsers.
Initial product created for testing and reviewing, before a final product is released.
Comments made to help improve a product.
How intuitive the product is based on the user’s previous experience with digital products or applicati
How successfully a new product or piece of software can be used by anyone.
How a product or piece of software is designed or arranged so that it can be used efficiently.
New technologies that can be incorporated into a design to improve how the product operates.
Breakdown of a logic circuit, listing all possible operations the logic circuit can carry out.

Web-based software that allows users to share ideas, information and thoughts in an online communit
Raw facts and figures.
Piece of information that represents part of the data that makes up a person, place or thing, e.g. some
Online classroom where teachers and students can share learning materials.
Database that stores data using two or more linked tables.
Spreadsheet containing data that represents a real-life scenario.
Hardware and operating system that runs an application.
Classification applied to a data item specifying which type of data that item represents, e.g. in a sprea
Satellite-based system that keeps track of users’ physical locations and helps with navigation.
Application that organises data for storing, processing and accessing electronically.
Application that uses rows and columns to organise data and carry out calculations using that data.
Carrying out an operation on data, e.g. querying a database or doing a calculation using data in a spre
Datasets that are too large or complex for traditional data-processing applications, e.g. databases or s
The terms used to describe the concept of Big Data: volume, velocity, variety, value, veracity.
The massive amounts of data collected and analysed on an ongoing basis.
How quickly data is generated, processed and turned into useful information.
The range of data formats and data types collected.
How useful data is to an organisation.
Accuracy and quality of data.
The analysis of sets of data known as Big Data.
Information monitored and transmitted from vehicles, e.g. their location and speed, using GPS, engine
Step-by-step instructions to solve a particular problem.
Study of climate and the weather.
Set of facts or figures that are set out in a column and row structure.
Database that stores all data items using one table.
When data is unnecessarily repeated in a database.
Error that occurs when data is being entered into a database.
Database that stores data using two or more linked tables.
Person, place or object represented in a table in a relational database.
Heading for organising data in a relational database.
Field in a database table that provides a unique identifier for a record/entity.
When the primary key from one table appears in another table to establish a link between two entities
Feature in database applications for linking tables together.
Person, place or object represented in a table in a relational database.
A primary key can exist once as a primary key on one table in a relational database and once as a fore
A primary key can exist once as a primary key on one table in a relational database and many times a
A primary key can exist many times as a primary key on one table in a relational database and many
Diagram that illustrates the relationships between two entities in a relational database.
Table that represents the structure of a database table at the design stage of developing a database;
Automatic checks applied to individual fields in a database table to help reduce the chance of error wh
Control added to a field in a database table to control the format of data being added.
Tool that allows users to search for data that meets specific rules or criteria.
Data item used for comparison when carrying out a search.
Set of rules that must be met.
Where only a single search criterion is used to select data items from a database.
Where more than one criterion can be used to search a database, or a query can be used to combine
Feature in MS Access for displaying data in a user-friendly format.
Query where the end user provides the search criteria.
Query where special characters are used to stand in for unknown characters (this is useful when tryin
Query that uses data from more than one data table.
Query that uses more than one criterion to select data items from a database.
Sub-program that can exist as part of a bigger program.
Returns the lowest value in a specified range of cells in a spreadsheet.
Returns the highest value in a specified range of cells in a spreadsheet.
In Python, this evaluates a condition which determines the path of the program depending on whethe
Checks all the cells in a specified range in a spreadsheet and outputs how many contain a numeric va
Checking the suitability of a solution to a problem.
The efficiency of a program can be measured by how quickly it runs.
Tasks a user expects of an application.
Specialised language for accessing data in relational databases.
Interface that allows users to select fields and criteria for use in a query in a database application.
are components and the user, and provides a platform where applications can run.

hen carrying out the same task.

or central processing unit.

working. For example, information about memory locations and the instructions.

and =) and logical operators (e.g. AND, OR, NOT).

encounters.

e/faster and less wasteful. Examples of new technologies are machine learning, artificial intelligence, robotics.
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al intelligence, robotics.
Model / Data model
Data
Spreadsheet
Function
MIN function
MAX function
COUNT function
IF function
Database
Relational database
Primary key
Foreign key
Query
SQL (Structured Query Language
Criteria
Validation / Data validation
Big Data
5Vs
Volume
Velocity
Variety
Value
Veracity
A digital data representation of a real-life scenario; the scenario is broken down into individual attribu
Raw information, values, facts and figures.
Application that uses rows and columns to organise data and carry out calculations using that data.
Similar to a sub-routine; a mini program that can exist as part of a bigger program.
Returns the lowest value in a specified range of cells in a spreadsheet.
Returns the highest value in a specified range of cells in a spreadsheet.
Checks all the cells in a specified range in a spreadsheet and outputs how many contain a numeric va
In a spreadsheet, this evaluates (calculates) a condition and returns different values depending on wh
Application that organises data for storing, processing and accessing electronically.
A database that stores data using two or more linked tables.
Field in a database table that provides a unique identifier for a record/entity.
When the primary key from one table appears in another table to establish a link between two entities
A search for data in a database that meets specific rules or criteria.
Specialised language for accessing data in relational databases.
Set of rules that must be met.
An automatic check to reduce the chance of errors being made when data is entered into a computer
Datasets that are too large or complex for traditional data-processing applications, e.g. databases or s
The terms used to describe the concept of Big Data: volume, velocity, variety, value, veracity.
When describing Big Data: the massive amounts of data collected and analysed on an ongoing basis.
When describing Big Data: how quickly data is generated, processed and turned into useful informatio
When describing Big Data: the range of data formats and data types collected.
When describing Big Data: how useful data is to an organisation.
When describing Big Data: the accuracy and quality of data.
epresented as data items in the model.

e or False.
Network
Interference
Network topology
Server
Hardware
Network switch
Bus topology
Ring topology
Star topology
Protocol
Transmission Control Protocol/Int
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTT
Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secu
Domain name
Scalability
Operating system
Utilities software
Device driver
Defragmentation
Hard disc drive
Bit
Hacker
Parity-checking
Byte
Parity bit
Character
Protocol
Artificial intelligence (AI)
Machine learning
Two-dimensional parity check
Parity byte
Block
Collection of computing devices connected to each other, either by wires or wirelessly.
When electronic signals disrupt data transmissions.
Diagram that shows how devices in a network are connected to one another, and shows the network h
Usually a powerful computer that offers a range of services to a network, e.g. file storage, user manag
Physical parts of a computer that you can touch and see, e.g. the processor, storage devices, input de
Switch that connects devices together to form a wired network.
Network in which all devices are connected together via a main cable running down the centre of the
Network in which all devices are connected together to form a ring.
Network in which each device is connected separately to a central switch.
An agreed set of rules that computers follow to communicate with each other over a network.
Protocol for transferring data between devices.
Set of rules for communicating with web servers.
Set of rules for communicating with web servers, with added encryption to improve security.
Part of a URL that specifies the location on the internet, e.g. google.com
The capacity/ability to make something larger, e.g. a network enlarged with more devices.
Software that manages all the computer hardware and software; it also acts as an interface between c
Software that helps maintain the smooth functioning of a digital device by helping the operating syste
Software program that operates a hardware device connected to a computer.
Reorganising files stored on a hard drive to ensure that all parts of the same file are located one after
Removable disc in computers for storing large amounts of data, typically measured in gigabytes or ter
Short for ‘binary digit’: 0 or 1.
Somebody who tries to gain unauthorised access to a computer system or network.
Type of error check that ensures data has been transmitted correctly.
Eight bits of data, e.g. 01010011.
Bit added to a byte to make the total number of 1 bits either even or odd.
A data type: a single letter, digit or symbol. e.g. 'x', '@'
An agreed set of rules that computers follow to communicate with each other over a network.
Ability of a computer system to do human-like behavior, such as to learn and develop its own program
Ability of a computer system to learn over time.
Check for finding where an error exists within a parity check.
Byte added to a block of data to check whether the data is valid or invalid.
String of data (0s and 1s).
sharing, email access or web servers.

are components and the user, and provides a platform where applications can run.
s and resources.

experiences it encounters.
Programming:
Computer systems:
Managing Data:
Networks:
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Further reading: Textbook (Hodder), Units 1, 3, 6 924294547
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Further reading: Textbook (Hodder), Unit 4 924294638
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Further reading: Textbook (Hodder), Unit 5 924292270
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Further reading: Textbook (Hodder), Unit 2 924295193
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