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Tutorial 4

The document is a tutorial for the Mathematical Methods course at the Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, focusing on variational problems. It includes exercises on finding extremals of functionals, testing for extrema, and deriving Euler's equation. Additionally, it addresses specific problems such as the Brachistochrone problem and geodesics on a cylinder.

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4 views1 page

Tutorial 4

The document is a tutorial for the Mathematical Methods course at the Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, focusing on variational problems. It includes exercises on finding extremals of functionals, testing for extrema, and deriving Euler's equation. Additionally, it addresses specific problems such as the Brachistochrone problem and geodesics on a cylinder.

Uploaded by

fordrash488
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE, PILANI

K K BIRLA GOA CAMPUS


SECOND SEMESTER, 2019-20
Course no.: MATH F241 Date: 25/02/2020
Course Title: Mathematical Methods Tutorial -4

1. Find the extremals of the functional


𝑥 √1+𝑦′2
i) 𝐼[𝑦(𝑥)] = ∫𝑥 1 𝑦
𝑑𝑥
0
𝑥
ii) 𝐼[𝑦(𝑥)] = ∫𝑥 1(𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦′2 ) 𝑑𝑥
′
0
𝑥 1+𝑦 2
iii) 𝐼[𝑦(𝑥)] = ∫𝑥 1 𝑦′2 𝑑𝑥
0
𝑥1 2
iv) 𝐼[𝑦(𝑥)] = ∫𝑥 (𝑦 + 𝑦′2 − 2𝑦 sin 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
0
𝑥1 𝑦′2
v) 𝐼[𝑦(𝑥)] = ∫𝑥 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥
0
𝑥1 2
vi) 𝐼[𝑦(𝑥)] = ∫𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦′2 − 2𝑦 sin 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
0

2. Test for an extremum of the functional


1
i) 𝐼[𝑦(𝑥)] = ∫0 (𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦 ′ ) 𝑑𝑥; 𝑦(0)=1; y(1)=2
1
ii) 𝐼[𝑦(𝑥)] = ∫0 (𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 − 2𝑦 2 𝑦 ′ ) 𝑑𝑥; 𝑦(0)=1; y(1)=2

3. i) State the Brachistochrone problem and find the extremals of functional in the problem.
iii) State the Minimum surface of revolution problem and find the extremals of functional in
the problem.
4. Find the extreme values of the functional
2
𝐼[𝑦(𝑥)] = ∫ (𝑥𝑦 2 − 𝑦) 𝑑𝑥;
1
i) 𝑦(1)=1; y(2)=1
1 1
ii) 𝑦(1)= 2; y(2)= 4
5. What are the possible curve(s) on which the following functional can be extremized
2 2
i) 𝐼[𝑦(𝑥)] = ∫1 (𝑦 ′ + 12𝑥𝑦) 𝑑𝑥; 𝑦(0)=0; y(1)=1
𝜋/2 2
ii) 𝐼[𝑦(𝑥)] = ∫0 (𝑦 ′ − 𝑦 2 + 2𝑥𝑦) 𝑑𝑥; 𝑦(0)=0; y(𝜋/2)=0
6. Derive Euler’s equation for the functional
𝑥
𝐼[𝑦(𝑥)] = ∫𝑥 2 𝐹(𝑥, 𝑦(𝑥), 𝑦 ′ (𝑥)) 𝑑𝑥; 𝑦(𝑥1 )= 𝑦1 ; 𝑦(𝑥2 )= 𝑦2
1
7. Find the stationary function for the variational problem
𝑥 2
𝐼[𝑦(𝑥)] = ∫𝑥 2(1 + 𝑥)𝑦 ′ 𝑑𝑥; 𝑦(0)= 0; 𝑦(1)= 1
1
What is the stationary function if the boundary condition at 𝑥= 1 is changed to 𝑦′(1)= 0.
8. Determine the equations of geodesics on a right circular cylinder of radius 𝑎.

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