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SECLCA Solution-2

The document outlines an assignment for an NPTEL online certification course on Sustainable Engineering Concepts and Life Cycle Analysis, consisting of 10 multiple-choice and multiple-select questions. Each question covers topics related to environmental risk, toxicology, and exposure assessment, with correct answers provided. The assignment is designed to assess understanding of key concepts in environmental engineering and risk analysis.

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Murali S Lakshminarayana
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23 views7 pages

SECLCA Solution-2

The document outlines an assignment for an NPTEL online certification course on Sustainable Engineering Concepts and Life Cycle Analysis, consisting of 10 multiple-choice and multiple-select questions. Each question covers topics related to environmental risk, toxicology, and exposure assessment, with correct answers provided. The assignment is designed to assess understanding of key concepts in environmental engineering and risk analysis.

Uploaded by

Murali S Lakshminarayana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NPTEL Online Certification Courses

Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

Sustainable Engineering Concepts and Life Cycle Analysis


Assignment- Week 2
TYPE OF QUESTION: MCQ and MSQ
Number of questions: 10 Total mark: 10 X 2 = 20
______________________________________________________________________________

MCQ Questions
QUESTION 1:

QUESTION 1:
Select the correct statement about Environmental risk (ER)?

a) ER can be grouped into five general categories.


b) Living on a slope of a hillside is an ER associated with an unnatural disaster.
c) Bhopal gas tragedy is an ER involving involuntary exposure.
d) Vizag LG Polymers styrene gas tragedy is an ER involving voluntary exposure.

Correct Answer: c

Detailed Solution:

_____________________________________________________________________________

QUESTION 2:
NPTEL Online Certification Courses
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

What does risk assessment mean?

a. Determining the likelihood that a harmful effect will occur.

b. A systematic method where chemical exposures are identified, their dose-response


relationships are analyzed, and risk estimates are quantified.

c. Estimating the form, scale, and characteristics of risk.

d. All of the above.

Correct Answer: d

Detailed Solution:

Risk assessment is the process by which the form, dimension and characteristics of risk are
estimated. It is the determination of the probability that an adverse effect will be produced. Risk
assessment can also be referred as a methodological approach where chemical exposures are
identified, analyzed for dose-response relationships and quantified for risk estimates.

______________________________________________________________________________

QUESTION 3:

Assume the reference dose (RfD) for a certain substance in drinking water is 0.05 mg/kg-day. If
the calculated average daily dose (ADD) is 0.065 mg/kg-day for that substance with a 3 mg/L
concentration in drinking water consumed at a rate of 2 L per day by an adult of 70 kg weight,
which of the following is true for the hazard index (HI):

a. HI < 1, acceptable

b. HI < 1, cleanup is required

c. HI >1, acceptable

d. HI > 1, cleanup is required

Correct Answer: d
NPTEL Online Certification Courses
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

Detailed Solution:

Hazard Index (HI) for fluoride = ADD/RfD

= 0.065 mg/kg-day/0.05 mg/kg-day

= 1.3

Hence, HI >1.

When HI is greater than one, cleanup is required as it is not an acceptable condition and poses risk.

___________________________________________________________________________

QUESTION 4:

What is the difference between toxicant and toxin?

a. Toxicants have an acute response while toxins have a chronic response.


b. Toxicants are released by living organisms while toxins are anthropogenic.
c. Toxicants are anthropogenic while toxins are released by living organisms.
d. Toxicants have higher latency than toxins.

Correct Answer: c

Detailed Solution:

Toxicants are anthropogenic (produced by man-made processes) while toxins are released by
living organism. For example, DDT is a toxicant while snake venom is toxin. Toxicants and toxins,
both can be acute or chronic with varying latency.

____________________________________________________________________________

QUESTION 5:

Assume a student working in a laboratory is accidentally exposed to a toxic chemical and


immediately feels faint, the toxicity related to this accidental exposure can be called:
NPTEL Online Certification Courses
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

a. Acute toxicity
b. Chronic toxicity
c. Latency
d. Toxicity

Correct Answer: a

Detailed Solution:

The effect of the chemical is experienced immediately having short latency (time between
exposure and response) hence it can be characterized as acute toxicity.

_____________________________________________________________________________

QUESTION 6:

Suppose drinking water contains 1.2 mg/L of toluene and 0.01 mg/L of tetra-chloroethylene
(C2Cl4). A 60 kg adult drinks 2 L per day of this water. Calculate the average daily dose (ADD)
for toluene?

a. 0.02

b. 0.0

c. 0.17

d. 0.34

Correct Answer: b

Detailed Solution:

Average daily dose = c*Q/W

c = concentration of contaminant in water = 1.2 mg/L

Q = Quantity of drinking water per day = 2 L/day

W = Avg. body weight of an adult = 60 kg

ADD = 1.2*2/60 mg/kg-day = 0.04 mg/kg-day.


______________________________________________________________________________
NPTEL Online Certification Courses
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

QUESTION 7:

Match the contaminants with their source of release to environment:

1. Lead - A. Uncontrolled burning of garbage


2. Asbestos - B. House Paints, Gasoline
3. PCBs - C. Construction material
4. Dioxin - D. Discharge, leak or spill of industrial wastes

a. 1-A, 2-C, 3-B, 4-D


b. 1-B, 2-D, 3-C, 4-A
c. 1-A, 2-B, 3-D, 4-C
d. 1-B, 2-C, 3-D, 4-A
Correct Answer: d

Detailed Solution:

Correct contaminant source pair is given below.


Lead - House Paints, Gasoline
Asbestos - Construction material
PCBs - Discharge, leak or spill of industrial wastes
Dioxin - Uncontrolled burning of garbage

______________________________________________________________________

MSQ Questions

QUESTION 8:

Choose the correct statements about the characteristics of toxicants?

a. May or may not be bioavailable


b. Cause metabolic dysfunction
c. Do not bioaccumulate
d. Interact at a molecular site
NPTEL Online Certification Courses
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

Correct Answer: b, d

Detailed Solution:

Characteristics of toxicants

• Must be in the environment


• Must be bioavailable and bioaccumulated
• Must interact at a molecular site
• Must cause metabolic dysfunction
• Must decrease the fitness of an individual organism

_____________________________________________________________________________

QUESTION 9:

Which of the following diseases is related to asbestos exposure?

a. Skin cancer
b. Endocrine disorder
c. Lung cancer
d. Mesothelioma

Correct Answer: c, d

Detailed Solution:

_______________________________________________________________________
NPTEL Online Certification Courses
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

QUESTION 10:

Which of the following are the different routes of carcinogenic exposure?

a. Dietary
b. Dermal
c. Pulmonary
d. Injection

Correct Answer: a, b, c, d

Detailed Solution:

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

************END*******

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