Azad Public School Bulandshahr

Revision Worksheet Probability (Session-2024– 2025)

Date: 08.01.2025 Class: XII Subject: MathematicsStandard (Code-041)

General Instructions:Read the following instructions carefully and follow them:

1
1

2 It is known that 20% of the students in a school have above 90% attendance and 80% of the 3
students are irregular. Past year results show that 80% of students who have above 90%
attendance and 20% of irregular students get ‘A’ grade in their annual examination. At the
end of a year, a student is chosen at random from the school and is found to have an ‘A’
grade. What is the probability that the student is irregular ?
3 1+1+2

On the basis of the above information, answer the following questions :

(i) Find the value of k.
(ii) Evaluate P(X ≥ 3).
(iii) (a) Calculate the expected weekly income of the salesman assuming he works
five days per week.
OR
(b) Calculate the expected weekly income of the salesman assuming he works
only for three days of the week
4 1
5 3

6 3

7 1+1+2

8 1

9 3

10 According to recent research, air turbulence has increased in various regions around the 2+2
world due to climate change. Turbulence makes flights bumpy and often delays the flights.
Assume that, an airplane observes severe turbulence, moderate turbulence or light turbulence
with equal probabilities. Further, the chance of an airplane reaching late to the destination are
55%, 37% and 17% due to severe, moderate and light turbulence respectively.

On the basis of the above information, answer the following questions :

(i) Find the probability that an airplane reached its destination late.
(ii) If the airplane reached its destination late, find the probability that it was due to
moderate turbulence.
11 1

12 1

13 A pair of dice is thrown simultaneously. If X denotes the absolute difference of the numbers 3
appearing on top of the dice, then find the probability distribution of X.
14 Airplanes are by far the safest mode of transportation when the number of transported 1+1+2
passengers are measured against personal injuries and fatality totals
 Previous records state that the probability of an airplane crash is 0·00001%. Further, there
are 95% chances that there will be survivors after a plane crash. Assume that in case of no
crash, all travellers survive
Let E1 be the event that there is a plane crash and E2 be the event that there is no crash. Let
A be the event that passengers survive after the journey
On the basis of the above information, answer the following questions :
(i) Find the probability that the airplane will not crash.

15 1

16 The chances of P, Q and R getting selected as CEO of a company are in the ratio 4 : 1 : 2 3
respectively. The probabilities for the company to increase its profits from the previous year
under the new CEO, P, Q or R are 0·3, 0·8 and 0·5 respectively. If the company increased
the profits from the previous year, find the probability that it is due to the appointment of R
as CEO.
17 Self-study helps students to build confidence in learning. It boosts the self-esteem of the 1+1+2
learners. Recent surveys suggested that close to 50% learners were self-taught using internet
resources and upskilled themselves

A student may spend 1 hour to 6 hours in a day in up skilling self. The probability
distribution of the number of hours spent by a student is given below

where x denotes the number of hours. Based on the above information, answer the following
questions :
(i)Express the probability distribution given above in the form of a probability distribution
table.
(ii) Find the value of k. 1
(iii) (a) Find the mean number of hours spent by the student.
OR
18 1

19 3

20 3

21 1+1+2

22 1
23 3

24 1+1+2

25 3

26 3

27 1

28 Out of two bags, bag A contains 2 white and 3 red balls and bag B contains 4 white and 5 red 3
balls. One ball is drawn at random from one of the bags and is found to be red. Find the
probability that it was drawn from bag B.
29 Out of a group of 50 people, 20 always speak the truth. Two persons are selected at random 3
from the group (without replacement). Find the probability distribution of number of selected
persons who always speak the truth.
30 In a group activity class, there are 10 students whose ages are 16, 17, 15, 14, 19, 17, 16, 19, 1+1+2
16 and 15 years. One student is selected at random such that each has equal chance of being
chosen and age of the student is recorded.
 On the basis of the above information, answer the following questions :
(i) Find the probability that the age of the selected student is a composite number.
(ii) Let X be the age of the selected student. What can be the value of X ?
(iii) (a) Find the probability distribution of random variable X and hence find the
mean age.
OR
(b) A student was selected at random and his age was found to be greater than 15
years. Find the probability that his age is a prime number.

31 1

32 1

33 3

34 Find the mean of the number of tails in two tosses of a coin. 3

35 3

36 Two events A and B will be independent, if : 1

(a) A and B are mutually exclusive (b) P(A) = P(B)
 (c) P(A’ B’ ) = [1 -P(A)] [1 -P(B)] (d) P(A) + P(B) = 1
37 A man is known to speak the truth 3 out of 5 times. He throws a pair of different coins and 3
reports that he got a pair of heads. Find the probability that a pair of heads actually occurs.
38 From a lot of 10 bulbs which includes 2 defectives, a sample of 2 bulbs is drawn at random 3
without replacement. Find the probability distribution of the number of defective bulbs.
Hence, find the mean.
39 Read the following passage and answer the questions given below : There are ten cards 2+2
numbered 1 to 10 and they are placed in a box and then mixed up thoroughly. Then one card
is drawn at random from the box. Based on the above, answer the following questions :
(i) What is the probability that the number on the drawn card is greater than 4 ?
(ii) If it is known that the number on the drawn card is greater than 4, then what is the
probability that it is an even number ?
40 1

41 3

42 3

43 The Venn diagram below represents the probabilities of three different types of Yoga, A, B 1+1+2
and C performed by the people of a society. Further, it is given that probability of a member
performing type C Yoga is 0·44.

On the basis of the above information, answer the following questions :

(i) Find the value of x.
(ii) Find the value of y
(iii) (a) Find P(B/C)
OR
(b) Find the probability that a randomly selected person of the society does Yoga of
type A or B but not C.
44 1

45 1

46 3

47 3

48 Recent studies suggest that rougly 12% of the world population is left handed 1+1+2

49 1
50 1

51 3

52 3

53 1

54 There are two coins. One of them is a biased coin such that P (head) : P (tail) is 1 : 3 and the 3
other coin is a fair coin. A coin is selected at random and tossed once. If the coin showed
head, then find the probability that it is a biased coin
55 1+1+2

Based on the above information, answer the following questions :

(i) Find the value of p.
(ii) Find P(X> 6).
(iii) (a) Find P(X = 3m), where m is a natural number.
OR
(b) Find the mean E(X).
56 1

57 1

58 The probability that A speaks the truth is 4/5 and that of B speaking the truth is 3/4 . The 1
probability that they contradict each other in stating the same fact is :
(a) 7/20 (b) 1/5 (c) 3/20 (d) 4/5
59 From a lot of 30 bulbs which include 6 defective bulbs, a sample of 2 bulbs is drawn at 3
random one by one with replacement. Find the probability distribution of the number of
defective bulbs and hence find the mean number of defective bulbs.
60 A building contractor undertakes a job to construct 4 flats on a plot along with parking area. 1++2
Due to strike the probability of many construction workers not being present for the job is
 0·65. The probability that many are not present and still the work gets completed on time is
0·35. The probability that work will be completed on time when all workers are present is
0·80.
Let : E1 : represent the event when many workers were not present for the job;
E2 : represent the event when all workers were present; and
E : represent completing the construction work on time.
Based on the above information, answer the following questions :
(i) What is the probability that all the workers are present for the job ?
(ii) What is the probability that construction will be completed on time ?
(iii) (a) What is the probability that many workers are not present given that the
construction work is completed on time ?
OR
(b) What is the probability that all workers were present given that the construction
job was completed on time ?
61 For two events A and B, if P(A) = 0·4, P(B) = 0·8 and P(B/A) = 0·6, then P(A∪ B) is : 1
(a) 0·24 (b) 0·3 (c) 0·48 (d) 0·96
62 Two fair dice are thrown simultaneously. If X denotes the number of sixes, find the mean of 3
X
63 The events E and F are independent. If P(E) = 0·3 and P(E ∪F) = 0·5, then P(E/F) P(F/E) 1
equals :
(a) 1/7 (b) 2/7 (c) 3/35 (d) 1/70
64 1

65 5

66 5

67 1
68 1

69 1

70 A bag contains cards numbered 1 to 25. Two cards are drawn at random, one after the other, 2
without replacement. Find the probability that the number on each card is a multiple of 7.
71 One bag contains 4 white and 5 black balls. Another bag contains 6 white and 7 black balls. 2
A ball, drawn at random, is transferred from the first bag to the second bag and then a ball is
drawn at random from the second bag. Find the probability that the ball drawn is white.
72 2+2

73 2

74 2
75 2+2

76 2

77 4

78 4

79 A pair of dice is thrown. It is given that the sum of numbers appearing on both dice is an 2
even number. Find the probability that the number appearing on at least one die is 3.
80 Probabilities of A and B solving a specific problem are 2/3 and 3/5 , respectively. If both of 2
them try independently to solve the problem, then find the probability that the problem is
solved.
81 At the start of a cricket match, a coin is tossed and the team winning the toss has the 2+2
opportunity to choose to bat or bowl. Such a coin is unbiased with equal probabilities of
getting head and tail

Based on the above information, answer the following questions :

(a) If such a coin is tossed 2 times, then find the probability distribution of number of tails. 2
(b) Find the probability of getting at least one head in three tosses of such a coin.
82 2

83 2
84 2

85 2+2

86 2

87 A bag contains 3 red and 4 white balls. Three balls are drawn at random, one-by-one without 2
replacement from the bag. If the first ball drawn is red in colour, then find the probability that
the remaining two balls drawn are also red in colour.
88 In a game of Archery, each ring of the Archery target is valued. The centremost ring is worth 2+2
10 points and rest of the rings are allotted points 9 to 1 in sequential order moving outwards.
Archer A is likely to earn 10 points with a probability of 0·8 and Archer B is likely the earn
10 points with a probability of 0·9
 Based on the above information, answer the following questions :
If both of them hit the Archery target, then find the probability that
(a) exactly one of them earns 10 points.
(b) both of them earn 10 points

88 Three friends A, B and C got their photograph clicked. Find the probability that B is standing 2
at the central position, given that A is standing at the left corner
89 2

90 2

91 2

92 4

93 In a toss of three different coins, find the probability of coming up of three heads, if it is 2
known that at least one head comes up
94 Two rotten apples are mixed with 8 fresh apples. Find the probability distribution of number 2
of rotten apples, if two apples are drawn at random, one-by-one without replacement.
95 A laboratory blood test is 98% effective in detecting a certain disease when it is in fact, 2+2
present. However, the test also yields a false positive result for 0·4% of the healthy person
tested. From a large population, it is given that 0·2% of the population actually has the
disease.
Based on the above, answer the following questions :
(a) One person, from the population, is taken at random and given the test. Find the
probability of his getting a positive test result.
(b) What is the probability that the person actually has the disease, given that his test result is
positive ?