SOLVED QUESTION PAPER—ADVANCED BUSINESS MATHEMATICS

Honours 2017
Group A
1. Answer the following questions: 2×5
x
(a) Find the domain of f (x) = 2 .
x −9
Or
If f (x) = | x | – [x], where [x] is the greatest integer not excluding x, then find the value of f (2.5) and f (–2.5).
Solution: f (x) is undefined if denominator = 0
Or, x2 – 9 = 0
Or, (x – 3)(x + 3) = 0
∴ x = 3 or x = –3
f (x) is defined for all real values of x except x = 3 or x = –3.
∴ Domain of the function is R – {–3, 3} where R is the set of real numbers.
Or, f (2.5) = | 2.5 | – [2.5], as greatest integral value of 2.5 is 2, we have [2.5] = 2
  = 2.5 – 2 = 0.5
f (–2.5) = | –2.5 | – [–2.5], as greatest integral value of –2.5 is –2, we have [–2.5] = –3
  = 2.5 – (–3) = 5.5

(b) If f (x) = (x – a), g(x) = (x + a), then show that {f (x)}2 + {g(x)}2 = – 2a{f (x) + g(x)}.

Solution: LHS = {f(x)}2 – {g(x)}2

= {f(x) + g(x)}{f(x) – g(x)}
= {x – a + x + a}{x – a – x – a}
= 2x. (–2a)
= –4ax
= –2a (x – a + x + a)
= –2a {f(x) + g(x)}
= RHS (Proved)

x3 − 8
(c) Find lim .
x →2 x − 2

Or
dy
Find , when y = log(1 + x ).
dx
x3 − 8
Solution: lim
x →2 x − 2

( x )3 − ( 2 )3
   = lim
x →2 ( x − 2 )

( x − 2) − ( x2 + 2 x + 4)
   = lim as x→ 2, x ≠ 2, hence x – 2 ≠ 0
x →2 ( x − 2)

Mathematics_2017.indd 1 18-Jun-19 3:38:30 PM

 2
(
= lim x = 2 x + 4
x →2
)
=4+4+4
= 12.
Or, y = log (1 + x)
Differentiating both sides w.r.t x we get,
dy d
=
dx dx
{ (
log 1 + x )}
=
1 d 1+( x)
1+ x dx
1 1 1
= =
1+ x 2 x (
1 x 1+ x )
2 −1  −1 3 
(d) If A =   ,B= , find 2A + 3B.
1 3   0 2

 4 −2   −3 9 
Solution: Here, 2A =   and 3B =  0 6 
 2 6   

 4 − 3 −2 + 9  1 7 
∴ 2A + 3B =  = 
2 + 0 6 + 6  2 12 
3 5 3
(e) Given that P(A) = , P(B) = , P(A∪B) = . Find P(A|B).
8 8 4
Or
For two events A and B, Let P(A) = 0.4, P(A∪B) = 0.7 and P(B) = p. For what value of p, are A and B independent?
Solution: This topic is not included in the syllabus of Advanced Business Mathematics for B.Com (Hons) Semester 5.
Or,
This topic is not included in the syllabus of Advanced Business Mathematics for B.Com (Hons) Semester 5.

Group B
2. Answer the following questions: 6×5
(a) Solve by Cramer’s rule:
1 1 1 2 5 3 1 2 4
+ + = 1, + + = 0, + + = 3.
x y z x y z x y z
Or
1 + a 2 − b2 2 ab −2b
Show that 2 ab 1 − a 2 + b2 2a = (1 + a2 + b2)3.
2b −2 a 1 − a 2 − b2

1 1 1
Solution: Let, u = , v = , and w = .
x y z
We get the equations as
u+v+w=1
2u + 5v + 3w = 0

Mathematics_2017.indd 2 18-Jun-19 3:38:32 PM

 U + 2v + 4w = 3
1 1 1
Now, D = 2 5 3 = 1(20 – 6) – 1(8 – 3) + 1(4 – 5) = 14 – 5 – 1 = 8
1 2 4
Here, D ≠ 0. Hence Cramer’s rule is applicable.
1 1 1
D1 = 0 5 3 = 1(20 – 6) – 1(0 – 9) + 1(0 – 15) = 14 + 9 – 15 = 8
3 2 4

1 1 1
D2 = 2 0 3 = 1(0 – 9) – 1(8 – 3) + 1(6 – 0) = –9 – 5 + 6 = -8
1 3 4

1 1 1
D3 = 2 5 0 = 1(15 – 0) – 1(6 – 0) + 1(4 – 5) = 15 – 6 – 1 = 8
1 2 3
D1 8 D −8 D 8
Using Cramer’s rule, u = = = 1, v = 2 = = −1, w = 3= = 1
D 8 D 8 D 8
1 1 1
Hence, x = = 1, y = = −1, z = = 1.
u v w
1 + a 2 − b2 2 ab −2b
Or, LHS = 2 ab 2
1− a + b 2
2a
2b −2 a 1 − a 2 − b2

1 + a 2 + b2 0 −2b
2 2
 C ′1 = C1 − bC3 
= 0 1+ a + b 2a  
C ′ = C2 + aC3 
b + a 2 b + b3 −a − a3 − b2 1 − a 2 − b2  2

1 + a 2 + b2 0 −2b
2 2
= 0 1+ a + b 2a
(
b 1 + a 2 + b2 ) (
−a 1 + a 2 + b2 ) 1 − a 2 − b2

1 0 −2b
( )
2
= 1 + a 2 + b2 0 1 2a
b −a 1 − a 2 − b2

1 0 −2b
( )
2
= 1 + a 2 + b2 0 1 2a  R′3 = R 3 − bR1 
 
2 2
0 −a 1 − a + b

1 2a
( )
2
= 1 + a 2 + b2 .1. [expanding through1st column]
−a 1 − a 2 + b2

= (1 + a2 + b2)2 (1 – a2 + b2 + 2a2)
= (1 + a2 + b2)2 (1 + a2 + b2)
= (1 + a2 + b2)3 = RHS

Mathematics_2017.indd 3 18-Jun-19 3:38:37 PM

  5 4 −2 

(b) If A =  4 5 −2 , show that A2 −11A + 10I = 0, where I and 0 are identity matrix and null matrix of order 3
 −2 −2 2 
respectively.
Or
1 −1
2 1 3  0 2 
 For the two matrices A and B, where A =   and B =   , show that (AB)′ = B′.A′, where A′ is the
 3 −2 1
transpose of A, etc. 2 1 
 5 4 −2   5 4 −2 

2
Solution: A = A.A =  4 5 −2  ×  4 5 −2 
 −2 −2 2   −2 −2 2 

 25 + 16 + 4 20 + 20 + 4 −10 − 8 − 4 
= 20 + 20 + 4 16 + 25 + 4 −8 − 10 − 4 
 
 −10 − 8 − 4 −18 − 10 − 4 4 + 4 + 4 

 45 44 −22 
=  44 45 −22 

 −22 −22 12 

 45 44 −22   55 44 −22  10 0 0  0 0 0 

    
LHS = A2 − 11A + 10I =  44 45 −22  −  44 55 −22  +  0 10 0  = 0 0 0  = 0 = RHS (Proved)
 −22 −22 12   −22 −22 22   0 0 10  0 0 0 

Or, Here number of columns of A (= 3) = number of rows of B (= 3), the product AB is conformable.
1 −1
2 1 3  
Now, A.B =   2 + 0 + 6 −2 + 2 + 3 8 3 
 0 2  = 3 + 0 + 2 −3 − 4 + 1  = 5 −6 
×
 3 −2 1 2 1     
 
8 5 
Hence, (AB)′ =   (i)
3 −6 

2 3 
  1 0 2 
Again, A′ = 1 −2  and B′ =  
 3 1   −1 2 1

Clearly the product B′. A′ is conformable as number of columns of B′(= 2) = number of rows of A′(= 2)
2 3 
1 0 2    2 + 0 + 6 3 + 0 + 2  8 3 
Here, B′.A′ =   ×
 1 −2  =  =  (ii)
 −1 2 1    −2 + 2 + 3 −3 − 4 + 1 5 −6 
 3 1 
From (i) and (ii), it follows that (AB)′ = B′. A′ (Verified)

(c) Evaluate the following:

3x2 + 2 x − 1
(i) lim
x →∞ 4 x 3 + 3 x 2 − 2

x2 + 5x − 6
(ii) lim
x →1 x2 − 3x + 2

Mathematics_2017.indd 4 18-Jun-19 3:38:42 PM

 Solution:
3x2 + 2 x − 1
(i) lim
x →∞ 4 x 3 + 3 x 2 − 2

Dividing numerator and denominator by x3, we get

2 1
3+ 2 − 3
= lim x x
x →∞ 3 2
4+ − 3
x x
1
Taking, y = , as x → ∞, y → 0, we get
x
3 + 2 y 2 − y3
= lim
y →∞ 4 + 3 y 2 − 2 y 3

3 + 2 (0) − (0)
2 3
=
4 + 3(0) − 2 (0)
2 3

= 3/4
x2 + 5x − 6
(ii) lim
x →1 x 2 − 3 x + 2

x2 + 6 x − x − 6
= lim 2
x →1 x − 2 x − x + 2

= lim
( x + 6 ) ( x − 1) as x → 1, x ≠ 1, hence, x − 1 ≠ 0,
x →1 ( x − 2 ) ( x − 1)

x+6
= lim
x →1 x − 2

1+ 6
=
1− 2
= –7
x dy
(d) If y = , prove that x 3 = y3.
1+ x 2 dx
x
Solution: Here, y =
1 + x2
x2
Squaring both sides, y 2 = (i)
1 + x2
2 2
dy (1 + x )(2 x ) − x (2 x ) 2x
Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x, 2y = =
dx (1 + x 2 )2 (1 + x 2 )2
dy x
or, =
dx y(1 + x 2 )2
dy
LHS = x 3
dx
x4
=
y(1 + x 2 )
y4
= [from (i)]
y
= y3
= RHS (Proved)

Mathematics_2017.indd 5 18-Jun-19 3:38:46 PM

 (e) Divide 16 into two parts such that their product is maximum.
Or
1
Show that the minimum value of the function x 3 + 3 is greater than its maximum value.
x
Solution: Let two numbers be x, 16 – x
∴ Product = x (16 – x) = 16x – x2 = y
Let y = 16x – x2
Differentiating both sides w.r.t x, we get
dy d2y
= 16 − 2 x ∴ 2 = −2.
dx dx
dy
For maximum value of y, = 0 ∴16 – 2x = 0 or, x = 8.
dx
 d2y 
Here  2  = −2 < 0. ∴y is maximum for x = 8.
 dx  x =8
So two parts are x, 16 – x = 8, 8

Or, Let, y =  x 3 + 
1
 x3 
Differentiating twice w.r.t x we get,
dy = 2  2 3 
3 x + (−3 x −4 ) =  3 x − 4 
dx  x 
2  12 
Again, d y =  6 x + 5 
dx 2
 x 
dy
For, maximum or minimum value of y, =0
dx
 3 
Hence,  3 x 2 − 4  = 0
 x 
 x6 − 1 
Or, 3 4  = 0
 x 
Or, x6 – 1 = 0
Or, (x2 – 1)(x4 + x2 + 1) = 0
For any real value of x, x4 + x2 + 1 ≠ 0, hence, x = ±1
 d2y   12 
 2  =  6.(1) + 5  = 18 > 0, hence y is minimum for x = 1
 dx  x =1  (1) 

 d2y   12 
 2 =  6(−1) +  = –18 < 0, hence y is maximum for x = –1
 dx  x = −1  (−1)5 
1
Maximum value of y = (−1)3 + = -2
(−1)3
1
Minimum value of y = (1)3 + 3 = 2
(1)
As, -2 < 2, maximum value of y is less than its minimum value.
Group C
3. Answer the following questions:
(a) Four men in a company of 10 employees are engineers. If 2 men are selected at random, then find the probability
that exactly 1 of them will be engineer. 6

Mathematics_2017.indd 6 18-Jun-19 3:38:52 PM

 Or
1 1 1
A problem of Mathematics is given to three students A, B and C whose chances of solving it are , , respectively.
2 3 4
What is the chance that the problem will be solved? 6
Solution: This topic is not included in the syllabus of Advanced Business Mathematics for B.Com (Hons) Semester 5.

(b) Evaluate (any one): 4

2x
(i) ∫ dx
2 + x − x2
x+2
(ii) ∫ dx
x−2
2x 2x 2x
Solution: (i) I = ∫ dx = ∫ dx = ∫ dx
2 + x − x2 2 + 2 x − x − x2 ( 2 − x ) (1 + x )
2x A B
Let, = +
( 2 − x ) (1 + x ) 2 − x 1 + x
2x A (1 + x ) + B ( 2 − x )
Or, =
( 2 − x ) (1 + x ) ( 2 − x ) (1 + x )
Or, 2x = A (1 + x) + B (2 – x)
Putting x = –1, we get –2 = –3B, or, B = 2/3
Again putting x = 2, we get, 4 = 3A or, A = 4/3.
A B
Now, I = ∫ dx + ∫ dx
2−x 1+ x
4 dx 2 dx
3 ∫ 2 − x 3 ∫1+ x
= +

For the 1st part let, z = 2 – x , or, dz = –dx, or, dx = –dz

Again for the second part, u = 1 + x, or, dx = du
4 − dz 2 du
3∫ z
I= + ∫
3 u
4 2
= − log | z | + log | u | + C, where C is the integration constant.
3 3
4 2
= − log | 2 − x | + log | 1 + x | + C
3 3
x+2
(ii) I = ∫ dx
x−2
Let z = x – 2, here, x = z +2
∴ dz = dx
z+2+2
Hence, I = ∫ dz
z
1 −1
 z 4  z 4
= ∫ +  dz = ∫ dz + ∫ dz = ∫ z 2 dz + 4 ∫ z 2
 z z  z z
3 1
2 2
= z + 4 × 2 z 2 + C, where C is integration constant.
3
3 1
2
= ( x − 2)2 + 8( x − 2)2 + C
3

Mathematics_2017.indd 7 18-Jun-19 3:38:57 PM