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The document discusses the importance of a constitution in establishing a legal framework for governance, protecting citizens' rights, and promoting democracy. It outlines the significance of fundamental rights, including the removal of the right to property as a fundamental right to facilitate land reforms. Additionally, it explains the electoral systems in India, the accountability of the executive in a parliamentary system, and the roles of the constitutional head.

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15 views2 pages

Political Science Answers

The document discusses the importance of a constitution in establishing a legal framework for governance, protecting citizens' rights, and promoting democracy. It outlines the significance of fundamental rights, including the removal of the right to property as a fundamental right to facilitate land reforms. Additionally, it explains the electoral systems in India, the accountability of the executive in a parliamentary system, and the roles of the constitutional head.

Uploaded by

sobyabatt
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Answers to Political Science Questions

1. Making of the Constitution

A constitution is essential for establishing a legal framework within which a country functions. It

defines the structure of government, distributes powers among different organs, and provides a

system of checks and balances. It ensures the rule of law, protecting the rights of citizens and

maintaining order. Additionally, it sets the guiding principles and aspirations of a nation, ensuring

unity and integrity.

A constitution serves as the supreme law of the land, guiding the government and citizens. It lays

down the rights and duties of individuals, the powers of government bodies, and the procedures

they must follow. It also protects citizens from arbitrary actions by the state, ensuring justice,

equality, and liberty. The constitution acts as a foundation for laws and policies, promoting

democracy and good governance.

2. Fundamental Rights

A bill of rights is crucial for protecting individual freedoms and ensuring the government does not

infringe upon these rights. It guarantees civil liberties, such as freedom of speech, religion, and

equality before the law. This provision acts as a safeguard against the misuse of power and ensures

that every citizen can enjoy basic human rights in a democracy.

The right to property was removed from the list of fundamental rights by the 44th Amendment in

1978, making it a legal right instead. This change was made to facilitate land reforms and address

inequalities in wealth distribution. It allowed the government to acquire private property for public

welfare without the restrictions imposed by its earlier status as a fundamental right.

3. System of Representational Democracy


Answers to Political Science Questions

In India, the primary method of election is the first-past-the-post (FPTP) system, used for Lok Sabha

and state assembly elections. Proportional representation is used for Rajya Sabha and Presidential

elections. These methods ensure that representatives are chosen to reflect the will of the people,

balancing direct and proportional representation.

The FPTP system often benefits larger parties, leading to majoritarian governments, while smaller

parties may be underrepresented. Proportional representation allows for more equitable

representation of diverse political views. These methods influence party strategies, coalition

formations, and the overall political landscape in the country.

4. Executive in a Parliamentary System

A parliamentary system ensures the executive is accountable to the legislature, promoting collective

decision-making. It prevents the concentration of power by allowing the legislature to question and

check the executive's actions. This system fosters a closer relationship between the government

and the governed, making it more responsive to public needs.

The constitutional head, like the President in India, performs ceremonial duties and symbolizes the

unity and continuity of the state. While the real executive power lies with the elected representatives,

the constitutional head ensures that all actions comply with the Constitution, maintaining a balance

in the functioning of the government.

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