Scribd
Upload
12 views25 pages

Chapter 5 Torsion 1

Chapter 5 discusses torsion, focusing on the deformation of circular shafts under torque, including the angle of twist and shearing strain. It introduces the torsion formula and the polar moment of inertia, detailing how to calculate maximum shearing stress and torque for different shaft configurations. The chapter also covers static indeterminate shafts and provides examples for calculating allowable forces and angles of twist in various materials.

Uploaded by

batoul2024alawaisheh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
12 views25 pages

Chapter 5 Torsion 1

Chapter 5 discusses torsion, focusing on the deformation of circular shafts under torque, including the angle of twist and shearing strain. It introduces the torsion formula and the polar moment of inertia, detailing how to calculate maximum shearing stress and torque for different shaft configurations. The chapter also covers static indeterminate shafts and provides examples for calculating allowable forces and angles of twist in various materials.

Uploaded by

batoul2024alawaisheh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 25

Chapter 5

Torsion

I. Marie
Lee, D.V., Beer, Johnston, DeWolf & Mazurek, “ Mechanics of Materials, McGraw Hill
Introduction

Torque is a moment that twists a structure


5.1 TORSIONAL DEFORMATION OF A CIRCULAR SHAFT

Deformations in a Circular Shaft

Torque is a moment that twists a member about its longitudinal axis. Units: N.m

Angle of twist (  ) is defined as the rotation of a radial line from a fixed end to a cross
section some distance x from the end.
1. The longitudinal axis of the shaft remains straight
2. The shaft does not increase or decrease in length
3. Radial lines remain straight and radial as the cross section
rotates
4. Cross sections rotate about the axis of the member

The right end will rotate with respect to the left end of
the bar. The angle of rotation = Angle of twist . It
changes along the length L of the bar linearly.
Shearing strain :

Shear strains in a circular tube.

Deformation of an element of length dx cut from a bar in torsion


5.2 Torsion Formula
When the torque T is such that all shearing stresses in the shaft remain below the yield strength ,
the stresses in the shaft will remain below both the proportional limit and the elastic limit. Thus,
Hooke’s law will apply, and there will be no permanent deformation.

𝜏 = 𝐺𝛾

The Torsion Formula


The polar moment of inertia of a circle of radius r

The polar moment of inertia of a hollow circular section


What is the largest torque that can be applied to the shaft if the shearing stress
is not to exceed 120 MPa.
What is the corresponding minimum value of the shearing stress in the shaft.
The torques shown are exerted on pulleys A and B. Knowing that both shafts are solid,
determine the maximum shearing stress (a) in shaft AB, (b) in shaft BC
Determine the torque T that causes a maximum shearing stress of 45 MPa in the
hollow cylindrical steel shaft shown. (b) Determine the maximum shearing stress
caused by the same torque T in a solid cylindrical shaft of the same cross-
sectional area.
Shaft of variable cross section or for a shaft
subjected to torques at locations other than
its ends

Knowing that each of the shafts AB, BC, and CD consist of a solid circular rod, determine (a) the shaft in
which the maximum shearing stress occurs, (b) the magnitude of that stress.

144 60
48

96

156
The solid rod AB has a diameter dAB = 60 mm and is made of a steel for which the allowable
shearing stress is 85 MPa. The pipe CD, which has an outer diameter of 90 mm and a wall
thickness of 6 mm, is made of an aluminum for which the allowable shearing stress is 54 MPa.
Determine the largest torque T that can be applied at A.
5.4 ANGLE OF TWIST

 is in radians.

What torque should be applied to the end of the, to produce a twist of 2?
Use the value G = 77 GPa for the modulus of rigidity of steel.
What angle of twist will create a shearing stress of 70 MPa on
the inner surface of the hollow steel shaft. Determine the angle
of twist  corresponding to the value of T, G= 77 GPa
(a) For the aluminum pipe shown (G = 27 GPa), determine the torque T0 causing
an angle of twist of 2º. (b) Determine the angle of twist if the same torque T0 is
applied to a solid cylindrical shaft of the same length and cross-sectional area.
Shaft with multiple cross-section
dimensions and multiple loads.

If the shaft is subjected to torques at locations other than


its ends or if it has several portions with various cross sections and
possibly of different materials, it must be divided into parts

The aluminum rod AB (G = 27 GPa) is bonded to the brass rod BD (G = 39 GPa). Knowing that
portion CD of the brass rod is hollow and has an inner diameter of 40 mm, determine the angle
of twist at A.

B C D
A

800 1600
The equilibrium equations must be complemented by relations
5.5 STATICALLY involving the deformations of the shaft and obtained by the
INDETERMINATE SHAFTS geometry of the problem.

A steel shaft and an aluminum tube are connected to a fixed support


and to a rigid disk as shown in the cross section. Knowing that the
initial stresses are zero, determine the maximum torque T0 that can be
applied to the disk if the allowable stresses are 120 MPa in the steel
shaft and 70 MPa in the aluminum tube. Use G = 77 GPa for steel and
G = 27 GPa for aluminum.
A hollow steel shaft ACB of outside diameter 50 mm and inside diameter 40 mm is
held against rotation at ends A and B. Determine the allowable value of the forces
P if the maximum permissible shear stress in the shaft is 45 MPa

You might also like