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Tutorial - 4 Qns

The document outlines a tutorial on Process Dynamics and Control, focusing on two tank heating processes and PID controller responses. It includes tasks such as developing block diagrams, obtaining expressions for temperature changes, and plotting controller outputs based on given parameters. The tutorial emphasizes the application of Laplace transforms and step changes in system dynamics.

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shiveshverma11
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4 views

Tutorial - 4 Qns

The document outlines a tutorial on Process Dynamics and Control, focusing on two tank heating processes and PID controller responses. It includes tasks such as developing block diagrams, obtaining expressions for temperature changes, and plotting controller outputs based on given parameters. The tutorial emphasizes the application of Laplace transforms and step changes in system dynamics.

Uploaded by

shiveshverma11
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Process Dynamics and Control – CH351

Tutorial – 4
1. The two-tank heating process shown in Fig. 1 consists of two identical, well-stirred
tanks in series. A flow of heat can enter tank 2. At time t = 0, the flow rate of heat to
tank 2 suddenly increases according to a step function to 1,000 Btu/min, and the
temperature of the inlet water Ti drops from 60 to 52°F according to a step function.
These changes in heat flow and inlet water temperature occur simultaneously.
(a) Develop a block diagram that relates the outlet temperature of tank 2 to the inlet
temperature to tank 1 and the flow of heat to tank 2.
(b) Obtain an expression for 𝑇2′ (𝑠) where T2 is the deviation in the temperature of tank
2. This expression should contain numerical values of the parameters.
(c) Determine T2(2) and T2(∞).
(d) Sketch the response 𝑇2′ (𝑡) versus t.
Initially, Ti =T1 = T2 = 60 °F and q = 0. The following data apply:
w = 250 lb/min
Holdup volume of each tank = 5 ft3
Density of fluid = 50 lb/ft3
Heat capacity of fluid = 1 Btu/(lb · °F)

Figure 1. Two tank heating process

2. The heat transfer equipment shown in Fig. 2 consists of two tanks, one nested inside
the other. Heat is transferred by convection through the wall of the inner tank. The
contents of each tank are well mixed. The following data and information apply:
i. The holdup volume of the inner tank is 1 ft3. The holdup of the outer tank is 1 ft3.
ii. The cross-sectional area for heat transfer between the tanks is 1 ft2.
iii. The overall heat-transfer coefficient for the flow of heat between the tanks is 10
Btu/ (h · ft2 · °F).
iv. The heat capacity of fluid in each tank is 1 Btu/(lb · °F). The density of each fluid
is 50 lb/ft3.
Initially the temperatures of the feed stream to the outer tank and the contents of the
outer tank are equal to 100 °F. The contents of the inner tank are initially at 100 °F. At
time zero, the flow of heat to the inner tank Q is changed according to a step change
from 0 to 500 Btu/h.
(a) Obtain an expression for the Laplace transform of the temperature of the inner tank
T(s).
(b) Invert T(s) and obtain T for time = 0, 5 h, 10 h, and ∞.
Process Dynamics and Control – CH351
Tutorial – 4

Figure 2. Two tank system

3. A unit-step change in error is introduced into a PID controller. If Kc = 10, τ I = 1, and


τD = 0.5, plot the response of the controller P(t).

4.
Process Dynamics and Control – CH351
Tutorial – 4

5. The input ε to a PI controller is shown in Fig. 3. Plot the output of the controller if Kc
= 2 and τI = 0.50 min.

Figure 3. error variation with respect to time

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