Scribd
Upload
21 views32 pages

Patterns Reviewer

The document outlines various patterns of development in writing, including narration, description, definition, classification, comparison and contrast, cause and effect, problem-solution, and persuasion. Each pattern is explained with its components, characteristics, and signal words to guide writers in effectively conveying their ideas. The document serves as a comprehensive guide for understanding and utilizing different writing techniques.

Uploaded by

giannacusipag4
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
21 views32 pages

Patterns Reviewer

The document outlines various patterns of development in writing, including narration, description, definition, classification, comparison and contrast, cause and effect, problem-solution, and persuasion. Each pattern is explained with its components, characteristics, and signal words to guide writers in effectively conveying their ideas. The document serves as a comprehensive guide for understanding and utilizing different writing techniques.

Uploaded by

giannacusipag4
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 32

Patterns

of
Development
I. Narration
- the most basic pattern of development

- describes how, when, and where an


event or occurrence actually happened
- used to tell a story or focus on a set of
related events
A. Components of Narrative Text

1. Logical Actions
- are considered the very movements
within the plot or the narrative that
drive the characters forward, be it
during the dialogue, or within a scene
2. Way of Narration
- refers to how the writer presents the
story
- includes the pace by which scenes
are given out
* Having natural progression of time to the
events of the story makes a good writing.
3. Terminology
- places emphasis on the fact that
concepts are critical to the narration
* Writers must choose how to address
terms and which ones they want to
use in order to create an appropriate
setting.
Concrete Terms
- words that identify things, places,
and events that can be measured and
observed
- terms that have physical
manifestation in our world
Examples:
spoon, dog, house
Abstract Terms
- refer to ideas or concepts that are
intangible

Examples:
love, freedom, feminism
II. Description
- the pattern of development which goes into details
about a specific object, person, or location, in order to
firmly set its appearance

What does it look like?


What are its characteristics?
Characteristics of Description
● has a clear focus and sense of purpose

● uses sensory details and precise


words
● presents details in a logical order
Varieties of Description
1. Objective Description
- looks into factual and scientific
characteristics of what is being
described as objectively as possible
* The writer stays away from
emotional impressions or responses
and instead, describes the scene as it is.
2. Subjective Description

- a sort of description that the author


would normally use to “paint a picture”
of how he sees a character, or how he
wants the reader to see a character
III. Definition
- explains not just what something means or is, but also
what something does, what something is used for, what
something looks like, etc
Varieties of Definition

1. Scientific Definition

- defines concepts in the most factual


way, which is often used in scientific,
proper, or real world facts
2. Subjective Definition
- defines the objects in a more personal
way
- usually derived from the author's own
experiences and opinion
- often used by a writer to state
something from the point of view of
the characters or in relation to the
setting
The term could be emphasized by the
following:
1. Characteristics or features
2. Function
3. Effect
4. Origin
Signal Words for
Definition
is defined means to define
as
as refers to to
IV.Classification and Exemplification
Classification
- divides things into groups, classes, or
categories
- organizes ideas into divisions based
on criteria or standards
Exemplification
- provides examples and illustrations in
order to further clarify or explain the
concept or subject matter
- presents the general statement and
then provides specific and concrete
examples to expound on the main idea
Signal Words for Classification
another classified one kind the last
as group
another final type the first the next
kind category part
Signal Words for Exemplification
after all for instance namely that is

as an example in other words put another to be specific


way
consider the in particular specifically to clarify
following
for example in short stated to illustrate
differently
V. Comparison and Contrast
- organizes ideas based on how events, places, people, things, and concepts are
similar to or different from one another

a. separately -involves describing one


item first followed by the second item
b. side-by-side -involves discussing
both items based on each point of
comparison
Signal Words for Comparing

also equally in the similarly


same way
as in a similar like to
fashion compare
both in likewise
compariso
n
Signal Words for Contrasting
although despite instead otherwise

and yet even so however still


as opposed to even though nevertheless the fact
remains
but in contrast nonetheless unlike
conversely in spite of on the contrary whereas

counter to in the on the other yet


meantime hand
VI. Cause and Effect
- explains why something happens or what results a particular event produces

a. Paragraph empasizing cause


b. Paragraph emphasizing effect
Signal Words for Cause
as for in view of (the owing to (the
fact) fact)
because for the reason inasmuch seeing that
(of the fact) that as
being that in that one reason since

due to
(the fact that)
Signal Words for Effect
accordingly consequently in consequence so that

as a for this reason so therefore


consequence
as a result hence so much (so) that thus
(of this)
because
(of this)
VII. Problem-Solution
- focuses on either a problem or solution in a particular area or situation
Signal Words for Problem-Solution
but the problem one solution is

first, second the solution one way is

nonetheless one reason for


the
VIII. Persuasion
- convinces readers to agree to an argument or claim about a particular topic.
Signal Words for Emphasizing a Point

again in that to emphasize truly


case

for this indeed to repeat with this in


reason mind
in fact
Signal Words for Concluding and
Summarizing
accordingly consequently in brief inevitably in a
nutshell
all in all due to in on the therefore
conclusion whole
as a result finally in short since thus

as I have said in any event in summary in essence to sum up


Signal Words for Conceding a Point
admittedly it is true obviously true
that

assuredly needless to of course undoubtedly


say
certainly no doubt to be sure unquestionably

granted

You might also like