Computer Engineering Department

Program: Sem VI

PART A
(PART A: TO BE REFFERED BY STUDENTS)

Experiment No.10
A.1 Aim:
Perform File Transfer and Access using FTP
A.2 Prerequisite:
● Knowledge about LAN, MAN and WAN and NW Elements.
● Linux NW Commands
● HW and IP Address concepts.
● Concept of Port, Socket, Localhost, Client and Server,
● Client and Server
● Application Layer protocols and application servers
● NW libraries.

A.3 Objective:
a) Configure FTP Services on Servers
b) Upload a File to the FTP Server
c) Download a File from the FTP Server

A.4 Outcome:
After successful completion of this experiment students will be able to

● Ability to configure FTP server

● Ability to establish connection with server
● Ability to upload a file on the FTP server
● Ability to Download the File from FTP server

A.4 Theory/Tutorial:

File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard Internet protocol for transmitting files between
computers on the Internet over TCP/IP connections.

FTP is a client-server protocol that relies on two communications channels between client
and server: a command channel for controlling the conversation and a data channel for
transmitting file content. Clients initiate conversations with servers by requesting to
download a file. Using FTP, a client can upload, download, delete, rename, move and copy
files on a server. A user typically needs to log on to the FTP server, although some servers
make some or all of their content available without login, also known as anonymous FTP.
FTP sessions work in passive or active modes. In active mode, after a client initiates a session
via a command channel request, the server initiates a data connection back to the client and
begins

transferring data. In passive mode, the server instead uses the command channel to send the
client the information it needs to open a data channel. Because passive mode has the client
initiating all connections, it works well across firewalls and Network Address Translation
(NAT) gateways.
References:

1. https://static-course-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/IntroNet50ENU/files/
10.2.3.2%20Packet%20Tracer%20-%20FTP%20Instructions.pdf
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6R7EnoWrw0o
3. https://youtu.be/m8_IP74PEm8
 PART B

(PART B : TO BE COMPLETED BY STUDENTS)

(Students must submit the soft copy as per following segments within two hours of the
practical. The soft copy must be uploaded on the Blackboard or emailed to the concerned
lab in charge faculties at the end of the practical in case the there is no Black board access
available)

Roll No. B65 Name: Siddhant Gokhale

Class : TE-B Batch : B3

Date of Experiment: Date of Submission

Grade :

B.1 Document created by the student:

Performing File Transfer and Access using FTP

WRITING FILE
READING FILE

B.3 Observations and learning:

To configure FTP services on a server, install FTP server software, set up user authentication,
manage directory permissions, and secure connections using protocols like FTPS or SFTP.
To upload a file, connect to the FTP server using credentials, then use an FTP client or
command-line to transfer the file. Similarly, downloading a file involves connecting to the
server, navigating to the desired file, and using the "get" command or GUI interface to
retrieve it.

B.4 Conclusion:

In conclusion, after successfully completing this experiment, students will gain the skills to
configure an FTP server, establish a connection with it, and perform file transfers. They will
be able to upload files to the FTP server and download files from it, demonstrating a clear
understanding of FTP operations and protocols.

B.5 Question of Curiosity

1. Write the different protocols used in Application layer.

The Application layer of the OSI model supports various protocols for
communication between applications across networks. Some of the key protocols
include:
1. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): Used for transferring web pages over the
internet.
2. HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure): A secure version of HTTP,
using encryption (SSL/TLS).
3. FTP (File Transfer Protocol): Used for transferring files between a client and
server.
4. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): Used for sending emails.
5. IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol): Used for retrieving emails from a
mail server.
6. POP3 (Post Office Protocol v3): Another protocol for retrieving emails from a
server.
7. DNS (Domain Name System): Resolves domain names into IP addresses.
8. DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol): Automatically assigns IP
addresses to devices on a network.
9. Telnet: Provides command-line access to remote computers.
10. SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol): Used for network
management and monitoring.
11. SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol): A secure version of FTP that uses SSH
for encryption.

These protocols facilitate various services like web browsing, email communication,
file transfer, and more.
2. What are the ports used for FTP?
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) uses two primary ports for
communication:
Port 21: This is the command port used to establish the
connection and transmit control commands between the client and
the server.
Port 20: This is the data port used for the actual data transfer
during file uploads and downloads.
In passive mode, only port 21 is used, and the server opens a
random port for data transfer, which the client connects to.

3. Examples of FTP applications?

Examples of FTP applications include:
- FileZilla: A popular, open-source FTP client and server.
- WinSCP: A free FTP, SFTP, and SCP client for Windows.
- Cyberduck: A versatile FTP, SFTP, and cloud storage client for
macOS and Windows.
- Core FTP: A secure FTP client for Windows supporting SSL, TLS,
and SFTP.
- Transmit: A file transfer application for macOS that supports
FTP, SFTP, and cloud services.
- WS_FTP: A secure FTP client for Windows offering encryption
and automation features.

4. Which transport layer protocol is used by FTP? Give reason

FTP uses the TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) at the
transport layer. The reason for using TCP is that FTP requires
reliable data transmission to ensure that files are transferred
accurately and in the correct order. TCP provides error checking,
acknowledgment of data packets, and retransmission in case of
packet loss, making it suitable for the accurate and secure transfer
of files.

5. What are DNS, TELNET, DHCP and HTTP protocols?

Dns (domain name system) is a protocol that translates domain
names (like www.example.com) into ip addresses, allowing users
to access websites using easy-to-remember names instead of
numerical addresses.

Telnet is a protocol that provides command-line access to remote

computers over a network. It allows users to control and manage
remote systems as if they were physically present at the machine.

Dhcp (dynamic host configuration protocol) automatically assigns

ip addresses and other network configuration parameters to
 devices on a network, enabling them to communicate efficiently
without manual configuration.

Http (hypertext transfer protocol) is a protocol used for

transferring web pages and other content over the internet. It is
the foundation of web communication and allows browsers to
request and display web pages from servers.

6. What is SMTP? Where this protocol is used?

Smtp (simple mail transfer protocol) is a protocol used for
sending and relaying emails between mail servers and from email
clients to servers. It defines how email messages are transmitted
across the internet. smtp is primarily used for outgoing mail,
ensuring that messages are delivered to the correct recipient's
mail server. It is commonly used by email applications like
Microsoft Outlook, Gmail, and others to send emails from the
user's device to the server.