Module Bank

Course: B.Tech. Course Instructure: Dr. Ahsan Mahboob

Subject: LA & ODE Subject Code: 24MT101

1. (a) Explain the geometric interpretation of consistent and inconsistent of 2 × 2 system of

linear equations in terms of lines.
(b) Let A be a 3 × 3 real matrix such that det(A) = 6 and trace(A) = 0. If det(A + 2I) = 0,
where I is the identity matrix of order 3. Then what are the eigenvalues of the matrix
2A.
(c) Explain
 rank of a matrix?
 Find the value of k such that the rank of the following matrix
1 2 3 4
1 2 3 1
A= −1 −1 1 2  is 3

−1 −1 k −1
2. (a) Point out the difference between row echelon and reduced row echelon form of a matrix.
 
3−α 2 2
(b) Find the value of α such that the matrix A is singular where A =  2 4−α 1 
−2 −4 −(1 + α)
 
1 1 −1 0
4 4 −3 1
(c) Determine the values of p such that the rank of A =  p 2 2 2 is 3

9 9 p 3
3. (a) Write down the definition of inverse of a matrix. Also, state Gauss-Jordon method for
finding the inverse of a matrix.
 
2 1 2
(b) Find the inverse of the matrix 1 0 5  by using Gauss-Jordon method.
2 5 11
 
2 3
(c) Let A = 1 2. Is there exists a matrix B such that AB = I3×3 ?

1 1
5 2
4. (a) State any three properties
  values and find the eigen values of 5A − 2A + 7A −
of eigen
−1 −7 −5
3A−1 + I if A =  0 1 3
0 0 3
(b) Construct a 3 × 3 matrix having elements given by aij = 2i + 3j. Applying elementary
operations, find the inverse of the matrix A, if exists.
(c) If the following system has non-trivial soltion, prove that a + b + c = 0 or a = b = c
ax + by + cz = 0; bx + cy + az = 0; cx + ay + bz = 0

5. (a) State Cayley Hamilton theorem. If characteristic equation of a 3 × 3 matrix A is λ(λ −

2)(λ + 3) = 0. Find the characteristic equation of A2 .
 
x p m 1
α x n 1
α β x 1, then show that det(A) = (x − α)(x − β)(x − γ)
(b) If A =  
α β γ 1
(c) Find the values of k for which the system of equations

(k−1)x+(4k−2)y+(k+3)z = 0, (k−1)x+(3k+1)y+2kz = 0, 2x+(3k+1)y+3(k−1)z = 0

has non-trivial solution.
 6. (a) Explain consistent and inconsistent system of linear equations with suitable example.
(b) Find the values of λ such that the following equations have infinite solutions and solve
them
λx + 2y − 2z = 1; 4x + 2λy − z = 2; 6x + 6y + λz = 3
(c) Investigate the values of α and β for which the system of equations
x + αy + z = 3; x + 2y + 2z = β; x + 5y + 3z = 9
has (a) no solution, (b) unique solution and (c) infinite solutions.
7. (a) Write down the condition of non-homogeneous system of equation so that it always
posses a solution, and give such an example.
(b) Investigate the values of λ and µ for which the system of equations
2x + 3y + 5z = 9; 7x + 3y − 2z = 8; 2x + 3y + λz = µ
has (a) no solution, (b) unique solution and (c) infinite solutions.
 
1 1 2
(c) Let A−1 = 0 1 3. Find a matrix C such that AC = A2 + A.
4 2 1
8. (a) Explain normal form of a matrix with suitable example.
 Also, find a matrix B such
2 −3 0
T T
that A + B = (A − B) , where A = 4 −1
 3
−1 0 1
(b) Let A, B be n × n matrices such that BA + B 2 A = I − BA2 , where I is the identity
matrix of order n × n. Chech whether A is nonsingular or not.
 
0 2y z
(c) Find the values of x, y, z if A = x y −z  satisfies AT = A−1
x −y z
9. (a) Let A be a 4 × 4 matrix such that −1, 1, 1, −2 are its eigenvalues. Find trace of A + B,
if B = A4 − 5A2 + 5I.
(b) Determine b such that the system of linear equations
2x + y + 2z = 0; x + y + 3z = 0; 4x + 3y + bz = 0
has trivial and non trivial solutions. Find non-trivial solution.
(c) Using the consistency of a system of equation, solve the following problem:
A man has Rs. 20,000 to invest in three different schemes: A, B, and C. Scheme A
offers a 10% profit, scheme B offers a 12% profit, and scheme C offers a 15% profit. He
wants to earn a total profit of Rs. 2500. Additionally, he wants to invest twice as much
in scheme A as in scheme B. How much should he invest in each scheme?
10. (a) The trace of a singular 3 × 3 matrix A is 0; one of its eigenvalues is 4i. What is it
characteristic equation?
(b) Investigate for what values of a and b the equations
x + 2y + 3z = 4; x + 3y + 4z = 5; x + 3y + az = b
have (a) no solution, (b) a unique solution (c) an infinite number of solutions.
 
α 1 2
(c) Find the values of α and β for which the matrix  0 2 β  has
1 3 6
i. Rank = 1
ii. Rank = 2.