ICT Resources

DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP-People who can use digital tools to produce, consume, communicate,
and interact with others in a positive and responsible way are known as digital citizens.
Digital citizenship education is a comprehensive strategy that aims to cultivate the values and
attitudes that will guarantee their prudent and purposeful usage, as well as the fundamental
knowledge and skills required in today's linked society.
9 ELEMENTS OF DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP

1. Digital Access- is about the equitable distribution of technology and online resources. Teachers and
administrators need to be aware of their community and who may or may not have access, not only in
school but at home as well.
2. Digital Commerce- is the electronic buying and selling of goods and focuses on the tools and
safeguards in place to assist those buying, selling, banking, or using money in any way in the digital
space.
3. Digital Communication and Collaboration- is the electronic exchange of information. All users need
to define how they will share their thoughts so that others understand the message. For students
struggling to understand their place in the world, technology can help them find their own voices and
express themselves.
4. Digital Etiquette- refers to electronic standards of conduct or procedures and has to do with the
process of thinking about others when using digital devices. Teachers can include Digital Etiquette as
part of the classroom rules or academic goals. Whether in the classroom or online, being aware of
others is an important idea for everyone.
5. Digital Fluency- is the process of understanding technology and its use. The better educated or
“digitally fluent,” students are, the more likely they are to make good decisions online, like supporting
others instead of making negative comments. Digital literacy includes the discussion of media literacy
and the ability to discern good information from poor, such as “fake news” from real news.
6. Digital Health and Welfare- refers to the physical and psychological well-being in a digital world.
Technology provides many opportunities and enjoyment, but knowing how to segment use with the
needs of ourselves and others is key to a healthy, balanced life.
7. Digital Law refers to the electronic responsibility for actions and deeds and has to do with the
creation of rules and policy that address issues related to the online world. Just as in the real world, the
online world has had to create structure to protect those using these digital devices from harm. Support
for issues such as cyberbullying and sexting are available from School Resource Officers and other
school counsel. Administrators need to come up with positive approaches to these issues in their
schools and districts.
8. Digital Rights and Responsibility- are those requirements and freedoms extended to everyone in a
digital world. This area of Digital Citizenship is about helping students understand that when they are
provided opportunities, such as the access to the Internet and use of online products, they need to be
diligent in helping others as well, such as informing adults of potential problems. Educators must help
students understand that protecting others both online and in the real world are essential skills to have.
9. Digital Security and Privacy- is the electronic precautions to guarantee safety. Viruses, worms and
other bots can be passed along from one system to another just like an illness. When using devices in
school or at home, understanding and being aware of attacks and how to prevent them are important
skills for today and into the future

Safety - Protecting Digital Citizens [being protected from or unlikely to cause danger, risk, or injury to
yourself or others]

 Protect Yourself/Protect Others

Savvy - Creating Educated Digital Citizens [wisdom and practical knowledge; the understanding to
make good judgments]

 Educate Yourself/ Educate Others

Social - Respecting Yourself as a Digital Citizen [creating cooperative and interdependent relationships
and understanding of others]

 Respect Yourself/ Respect Others

Social, Ethical, and Legal Issues on Digital Citizenship

-these refer to the challenges and concerns that arise from the increasing integration of
digital technologies into our daily lives, particularly in terms of how individuals interact with
and behave within digital spaces.
Key Elements Involved In Social, Ethical and Legal Issues on Digital Citizenship
1. Online Privacy - one of the most significant concerns in the digital age is privacy. With vast amounts
of personal data being collected by companies and governments, individuals often face challenges in
controlling their digital footprint. This raises questions about the ethical use of personal information and
the need for regulations to protect users' privacy rights.

 The Philippines has laws such as the Data Privacy Act of 2012 (DPA) that regulate the collection,
processing, and use of personal data by both public and private entities. The National Privacy
Commission (NPC) oversees compliance with the DPA and investigates data privacy violations,
providing legal recourse for individuals whose privacy rights have been violated.

2. Digital Divide - While the internet has the potential to empower individuals and communities, not
everyone has equal access to it. The digital divide refers to the gap between those who have access to
technology and the internet and those who do not. This issue exacerbates existing inequalities in
education, employment, and social participation, highlighting the need for initiatives to bridge the gap.

 The Philippine government has initiatives such as the Free Wi-Fi for All Program and the National
Broadband Plan aimed at expanding internet access to underserved communities. Legal
frameworks also support initiatives to promote digital literacy and skills development, such as
the K to 12 program's integration of ICT education.

3. Misinformation and fake news -it has become a significant societal issue. False information can have
far-reaching consequences, influencing public opinion, elections, and even public health outcomes,
often circulating on social media platforms and influencing public opinion on political, social, and
health-related issues.

 The Philippines has laws such as the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 that address certain
forms of online misinformation, such as cyber libel and cyber defamation. However, enforcing
these laws while upholding freedom of expression presents challenges, requiring a delicate
balance between combating harmful content and protecting individuals' rights.

4. Digital Literacy -as technology continues to evolve rapidly, digital literacy has become essential for
navigating the digital world effectively and responsibly. However, many individuals, particularly older
adults and marginalized communities, lack the necessary skills to use technology safely and
productively.
  The Philippine government has initiatives such as the Enhanced Basic Education Information
System (EBEIS) and the Digital Education Transformation Framework (DETF) aimed at
integrating ICT education into the curriculum and improving digital literacy among students.
Legal frameworks also support public-private partnerships and community-based initiatives to
promote digital skills development.

5. Online hate speech and extremism -the anonymity afforded by the internet has enabled the
proliferation of hate speech and extremist ideologies online. Platforms have struggled to balance
freedom of speech with the need to curb harmful content, leading to debates around content
moderation and platform accountability.

 The Philippines has laws such as the Anti-Cybercrime Law and the Anti-Discrimination Act that
address certain forms of online hate speech and discrimination. However, enforcement gaps and
challenges in identifying perpetrators of online hate speech hinder effective legal responses,
requiring collaboration between law enforcement agencies, tech companies, and civil society
organizations.

6. Digital footprint and reputation management -everything we do online leaves a digital footprint that
can have lasting consequences on our reputation and future opportunities. From social media posts to
online interactions, individuals need to be mindful of how their digital actions can impact their personal
and professional lives. Managing digital footprint and practicing responsible online behavior is crucial
in today's digital age.

 The Philippines does not have specific laws addressing digital reputation management,
but existing legal frameworks such as the Data Privacy Act and the Cybercrime
Prevention Act provide recourse for individuals whose privacy rights have been violated
or who have been defamed online. Legal remedies may include requesting the removal
of harmful content, pursuing civil or criminal charges against perpetrators, and seeking
damages for reputational harm.

7. Digital Rights and responsibilities

 Digital rights and freedoms are increasingly recognized as essential for safeguarding individual
autonomy, expression, and participation in the digital age. In the Philippines, debates about
digital rights encompass a wide range of issues, including privacy, freedom of expression,
access to information, and internet governance.
 Ethical considerations revolve around promoting human rights principles such as dignity,
equality, and freedom in digital environments. There's a need for ethical leadership and
advocacy to uphold digital rights and ensure that individuals' fundamental freedoms are
protected in the digital realm.
 The Philippines has laws and constitutional provisions that protect certain digital rights, such as
the right to privacy and freedom of expression. However, legal frameworks may need to be
strengthened and updated to address emerging digital rights issues, such as online censorship,
surveillance, and data exploitation

1. Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 (Republic Act No. 10175)

- This law aims to address cybercrimes, including offenses such as hacking, cybersex, identity
theft, and online libel.

- It also includes provisions on the penalization of cyberbullying and other forms of online
harassment.

2. Data Privacy Act of 2012 (Republic Act No. 10173)

 - The Data Privacy Act regulates the processing of personal information by both government
and private sector entities.

- It establishes principles for data privacy and security and mandates the appointment of a
Data Protection Officer in certain organizations.

3. Anti-Child Pornography Act of 2009 (Republic Act No. 9775)

- This law criminalizes the production, distribution, and possession of child pornography,
including online forms of exploitation.

- It provides for the establishment of a Cybercrime Office within the Philippine National Police
to address cyber-related offenses, including child pornography.

4. Freedom of Information (FOI) Executive Order No. 2, s. 2016

- The FOI Executive Order aims to promote transparency and accountability in government by
providing citizens with access to information held by public offices.

- It includes provisions for the establishment of an online portal for submitting and accessing
government records and documents.

5. Bayanihan to Heal As One Act (Republic Act No. 11469)

- Enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, this law grants the government additional
powers to address the public health crisis, including measures related to digital surveillance and
contact tracing.

6. Social Media Regulation:

- While there is currently no specific law regulating social media platforms in the Philippines,
there have been proposals for legislation to address issues such as fake news, hate speech, and
online disinformation.

- The proposed "Anti-Fake News Act" and other similar bills have raised debates about the
potential impact on freedom of expression and censorship.

7. Online Intellectual Property Rights Enforcement

- The Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines (Republic Act No. 8293) governs the
protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights, including copyright, trademarks, and
patents, in the digital environment.

8. Digital Literacy and Education Policies

- The Department of Education (DepEd) has integrated digital literacy and responsible internet
use into the K-12 curriculum to promote digital citizenship among students.

Digital Safety Rules

Why is cybersecurity important?
Modern life is fundamentally intertwined with the internet. The more accounts and devices
you have online, the greater the potential is for criminals to access your personal information
and take advantage of you.
Online safety is important no matter what age, we can be vunrable to any cyber attacks that
nowadays so we must evaluate our online habit and make some small changes to ensure
privacy and security on the internet.
These are 7 basic internet Safety tips that we must practice and learn to avoid potential cyber
attack.
Cybersecurity 101: 7 Basic Internet Safety Tips
1. Protect Your Personal Information With Strong Passwords
When creating a new password, pay attention to strong password requirements.
Change your passwords often.
Don’t share your passwords with other people.
Don’t use common, easily guessable passwords.
2. Keep Personal Information Private
When you sign up for something online, read the terms and conditions.
Never enter your financial information on a website that isn’t secure (look for the padlock or
"https://" prefix in the browser address bar).
If you suspect your credit card information is being misused online, turn off your card using
the SNB SD mobile banking app.
3. Make Sure Your Devices Are Secure
Utilize passwords and other security options like fingerprint readers and face scanning
technology. One report stated that 30% of smartphone users didn’t use passwords, screen
locks or other security features to lock their phones.
4. Pay Attention to Software Updates
Promptly install software updates, especially when they include important security upgrades.
Set up automatic updates on your devices so you never miss one!
5. Be Careful About Wifi
Do not trust public wifi security. Avoid connecting to unsecured public wifi networks.
Make sure your own wifi networks are protected with strong passwords.
Remember tip #1 and change your wifi password frequently.
6. Set Up Two-Factor Authentication
Enable two-factor authentication in order to prevent hackers from accessing your personal
accounts and information.
Add this extra layer of security to keep your accounts safe even if someone knows your
password.
7. Back Up Your Personal Data
Back up important personal information on external hard drives.
Create new back-ups regularly.
 WHAT IS CYBERBULLYING?
Cyberbullying is the use of digital technology to harass, intimidate, threaten, or humiliate a
victim. A cyberbully may use texts, social media, email, websites, or website comment boards
and forums to troll and bully victims.
Different forms of online bullying
As technology evolves, new forms will emerged. Below are some of the different forms of
cyber bullying:
a. Canceling - this is akin to social bullying. It’s taking away the sense of acceptance or
belongingness of a person.
b. Impersonating - this is the creation of a false account or the hacking of the original
account of the victim, and the perpetrator will use this to humiliate and attack the
victim.
c. Flaming – this is the use of angry, vulgar, and violent words against the victim
d. Dark Social – similar to text bullying, but this one uses messaging/ chat apps (Viber,
WhatsApp, or messenger
e. Creative Bullying-uses creative arts and deep fakes to inflict damage to the victim,
these are the use of “fan pages” as “hate pages”, altered images, e posters, and
videos.
f. Outing (social engineering) - conning another person. This form meant to
manipulate the victim to willingly divulge embarrassing information or do something
embarrassing.

Netiquette, abbreviation of Internet etiquette or network etiquette

 It is a guideline for courteous communication in the online environment.

 It includes proper manners for sending e-mail, conversing online, and so on.
 Much like traditional etiquette, which provides rules of conduct in social situations

NETIQUETTE GOLDEN RULES

 Respect people’s privacy – If someone isn’t comfortable sharing information with

you, try not to push or pressure them into doing so.
 Be mindful of your language – Be aware of the language you use online.
 Don’t be sarcastic! – Sarcasm doesn’t translate well on the internet!
 Choose your emoji’s carefully –Make sure that if you use emoticons, you are using
one that is appropriate for the emotion you are trying to convey – they can easily
change the context of an entire conversation.
 Respect other’s views –Allow others to share their views without the conversation
becoming heated or turning into an argument – regardless of your personal opinion!
 Lurking-means that one reads the posts of a group without participating in the
conversation
 Avoid Flames- A flame is a message that contains strong personal criticism or attack

BAD NETIQUETTE

 Not including context – When commenting on a message thread or existing post, it is

considered bad netiquette to not include relevant information from the original post in
order to add context to your comment.
 Not proof reading – By not reading what you have wrote before pressing ‘post’ or
‘send’, you could be saying something you didn’t intend to say!
 Catfishing –can cause serious psychological harm to the victim and can potentially
destroy any relationships or friendships that have been made.
 Using capital letters all the time –if you always use capitals it can make people
believe you’re annoyed or shouting at them.
 Arguing with people –Different opinions are fine but it is considered bad netiquette to
insult other people because of their opinion. This behavior can result in you being
banned from the social media platform all together.