Lesson 1

Knowing Oneself : STRENGTHS & LIMITATIONS

SELF-DEVELOPMENT – process of discovering oneself by realizing one’s potential and capabilities that are
shaped overtime by studying in a formal school or through environmental factors.

SELF-CONCEPT – Humanist psychologist Carl Rogers believes that there are 3 parts of self-concept: self-
image, self esteem and ideal self.
A. Self-image – how you see yourself
B. Self-esteem – how much you value yourself
C. Ideal self- how you wish you culd be

THREE COMPONENTS OF PERSONALITY

1. Id- satisfy a mans desire without thinking much about the situation
2. Ego- Opeartes according to reality
3. Superego – moral judgements of concepts of right and wrong. Freud believed that this aspect of man
begins to manifest as a child turns 5.

Lesson 2
Evaluating Thoughts, feelings and behaviors

Every individual undergoes different phases of development that form his/her individuality.
Our personality is a product of genetic response that we inherit from our parents and from the influence
of our environment.

Personality development is complex administration of thoughts, emotions, and behavior that influence
personal judgement.

Holistic development -refers to human development

that is meant to involve all the parts of a person.
This covers the physical, mental, emotional, social,
and spiritual growth of a person.

You cannot escape life challenges so you should

know how your thoughts, feelings, and actions in
managing personal agency should be handled.
Being an adolescent, you should be accountable for
all your actions because these power triads can
either make or break your motivation to take
charge of life.

Thoughts are the mental perceptions or grasps of ideas, opinions, beliefs, and experiences about ourselves,
with people, and the environment around us.
Thoughts are impression activated by a stimulus in your mind that is evident from the environment that
you are in.
This conscious thought occupies emotions that give life to thoughts, and it expressed through feelings.
Feelings-are self-contained phenomenal experience
It can be subjective, evaluative, and independent of the sensations, thoughts, images evoking them. (APA
Dictionary 2018)
The amygdala plays a role in how you experience emotions and feelings (like anxiety, anger and fear),
memory and social interpretations (information about others).
Sometimes when you are too emotional, you could not think properly because your emotions occupy your
thoughts, this means there is lesser space to analyze the situation because feelings occupy it.
Behaviors are bodily reaction made based on our feelings that result to actions.

OVERVIEW OF THE ASPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT

Holistic Development requires the development of all aspects of self such as physical and neurobiological,
cognitive, moral, socioemotional as well as spiritual aspect.
Physical and Neurobiological Development
From infancy to 12 years rapid development occurs in human’s physical and neurobiological aspects
Puberty=when the body matures in all aspects, with its sexual characteristics geared up for natural
process of reproductions.
Curiosity, variety of sensations, emotions and cognitions, activating sex hormones and sex drives
In neurobiological aspect, the brain grows rapidly but matures slowly.

Jean Piaget’s Stage Theory of Cognitive Development and Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral development

DEVELOPMENTAL TASK
are specific knowledge, skills, attitudes, or functions that a person needs to acquire and demonstrate at
specific stage or period in his or her life.

Piaget’s Psychosocial Development

Havighurst Developmental Task

LESSON 4
Becoming Responsible and prepared for Adult Life

Ways to become a responsible adolescent

1.Focus on your studies and do well in all your endeavors. There is time for everything.
2. Take care of your health and hygiene. Healthy body and mind are important as you journey through
adolescence.
3. Establish good communication and relation with your parents or guardians.
4. Think a lot before doing something.
5. Choose to do the right thing.
6. Do your best to resist temptation, bad acts, earthly pleasures and commit to being a responsible adult.
7. Respect yourself.
8. Be prepared to be answerable or accountable for your actions and behavior.

Mental Health- is a state of well-being in which an individual realizes their own potential, can cope with
normal stresses, works productively, and contributes to their community.

Psychological well-being- individual’s state or condition that is free from mental or emotional disorders,
can find ways to solve their problems in life and demonstrate resilience
-feeling balanced, happy, and capable of managing life's challenges.
-failure to positively cope with stress may lead to mental disorders, anxiety disorders and personality
disorders

Mental Health Challenges in Adolescences

• Eating Disorder
• Anxiety
• Depression-It is estimated that one in seven adolescents experience depression and anxiety (WHO,
2021)
• Suicide

Risk factors
• family history of mental health, fetal development in mothers womb alcohol, drugs, cigarette,
emotional stress), both genetic and environmental factors

Resilience- ability to recover readily from illness, depression, adversity or the like,
bounce back

Prevention- Positive self-concept, support from family and friends

Exercise, balanced diet and adequate sleep help not only in physical health but also on mental health

STRESS

• Stress-It is a physiological response to a physical or psychological threat

It is also called the ‘fight or flight’ syndrome

Stress can motivate you to work harder.
It can be either positive or negative
• Eustress – a positive kind of stress that motivates the body to
release endorphins

• Distress – a negative kind of stress that can become so

overwhelming that it induces a sense of helplessness and
exhaustion

Sources of Stress
• A stressor is anything that induces a stress response.

• It may be:

• Physical

• Mental
 • Emotional

• Social

• Psychological

• Economic

• Spiritual

Common Sources of Stress

1. Physical appearance

2. School

3. Home/Family

4. Social/Peer Pressure

5. Loss

6. Frustration

7. Romantic Relationships

8. Future

MANAGING STRESS
• Coping is a cognitive or behavior response to stress aimed at managing or
reducing it.
• It has two types: emotion-focused
and problem-focused
Emotion-focused- Involves shame and embarrassment, fear and anxiety, excitement
and depression
• Used when a person has no capacity to deal with the source of the
problem
• He/she uses different strategies to cope with the problem like avoiding,
distancing, accepting the situation, turning to alcohol, or asking for
professional help

Problem-Focused- Deals with stressors directly in practical ways.

• People with this coping take control of their situation by removing the source of
the stress or reducing the effect of the stressors.
• May also research to on the nature of their problem so that they can better
understand the cause of their stress.

Indicators for Sucessfully Handling Stress

1. Emotional stability – remaining calm and not being carried away by your emotions
2. Being tactful – being able to express thoughts and your feelings in a non-aggressive way
3. Doing well in school – shows your capacity to cope with various demands at once
4. Learning to say "no" – by being firm in what
you believe is right and saying "no" to peer pressure
EMOTION- French word- emouvior-to stir up
Affective experiences resulting from the fusion of complex sensory and perceptual stimulation with
established patterns of behavior, accompanied by inner adjustment of stirred-up states as expressed in
one or another form of overt behavior
-feeling, sentiment, reaction, passion,excitement and sensation
Icludes 3 aspects: cognitive, physical and psychological

7 Universal Emotions
• 1. Surprise- feeling of mild astonishment or shock caused by something unexpected
• 2. Sadness- unhappy characteried by grief, despair and disappointments
• 3. Disgust-feeling of horrified disapproval of something
• 4. Happiness- a state of well-being and contentment
• 5. Fear- being scared,frightened
• 6. Anger –a strong feeling of being upset or annoyed because of something wrong or bad
• 7. Contempt

EMotionalIntensity
• Mild
• Moderate
• Strong

Emotional Intelligence
 • The ability of a person to understand and express himself, to understand and relate well to
others, and to successfully cope with the demands of daily life.
5 Components of EQ
1. Self-Awareness- can recognize and accept his/her feelings (positive or negative) and how these
feelings affect others
2. Self-regulation-ability to control disruptive impulses caused by negative emotions
3. Motivation- has a positive attitude in life and can set clear goals, achievement, commitment,
initiative and optimism
4. Empathy – understand how other people feel
5. Social Skills- “people skills”- can influence, communicate and lead people

How Emotionally Intelligent Are You? Quiz