Chapter IV:

Thermal Physics

1. Two taps pour water into a heater, one hot water at 70oC at a rate of 0.050 Kgs- 1. And the
other cold water at 100C at the rate of 0.10Kgs-1 What is the temperature of the water in
the container after 30s? neglect the temperature increase of the heater.
A. 20°C
B. 30°C
C. 40°C
D. 50°C
E. 60°C

2. 1.0 x 103 Kg of water vapor at 100°C is added to 8.0 x 103kg of ice at 0°C. What is the result
of the mixture? Take the latent heat of vaporization of water to be 2.3 x 106 jkg-1, the latent
heat of fusion of water to be 3.3 x 105Jkg-1, the heat capacity of water to be 4.2 x 103Jk-1
and the heat capacity of ice to be 2.1 x 103Jk-1
A. 9.0 x 10‘3kg of water at 0°C
B. 9.0 x 10'3kg of water at 10°C
C. q 6.75 x 10 3kg of ice at 00C and 2.25 x 10" 3kg of water at 0°C
D. 4.0 x 10‘3kg of ice at 0°C and 4.0 x 10‘3kg of water at 0°C
E. 1.25 x 10 3kg of ice at 0°C and 7.75 x 10' 3kg of water at 0°C

3. One gram of ice at 00C is added to 5 grams of water at 100oc.Final temperature of mixture
is
A. -50c
B. 50c
C. 00c
D. none of these

4. A piece of glass is heated to a high temperature and then allowed to cool. If it cracks, a
probable reason is the following property of glass
A. low thermal conductivity
B. high thermal conductivity
C. high specific heat
D. high melting point
E. Thermal expansion

5. A sink, that is the system where heat is rejected, is essential for the conversion of heat into
work. From which law the above inference follows?
A. Zeroth
B. First
C. Second
D. Third
6. 10 g of ice at -20°C is dropped into a calorimeter containing 10 g of water at 10°C, the
specific heat of water is twice that of ice when equilibrium is reached, the calorimeter will
contain
A. 20g of water
B. 20 g of ice
C. 10 g ice and 10 g water
D. 5 g ice and 15 g water

7. A uniform metal rock is used as a bar pendulum. If the room temperature rises by 10°C,
and the coefficient of linear expansion of the metal of the rod is 2x10-6 per 0C, the period
of the pendulum will have percentage increase of
A. -2x10-3
B. -1x10-3
C. 2x10-3
D. 1x10-3

8. A thick and a thin wire of same material and same length are heated from 10°C to 90°C.
Which expands more?
A. Thick wire
B. Thin wire
C. Both show same expansion
D. None of these

9. Mercury thermometers can be used to measure temperature up to

A. 1000C
B. 212°C
C. 360°C
D. 500C

10. Regions in the thermometer that are defined or specified and clearly separated by the
stated/standard points are: (2015)
A. Fixed points
B. Temperature scales
C. The thermal point
D. The thermodynamic scale
E. None of the above

11. Three identical iron rods are welded together to form the shape of Y. The top ends of the
‘Y’ are maintained at 0°C and the bottom end is maintained at 600°C. The temperature of
the junction of the three rods is
A. 100°C
B. 200°C
C. 250°C
D. 300°C
E. 400°C
12. The first law of thermodynamics may be expressed by the relationQ = U +W, where Q
is the quantity of heat given to the system of internal energy U and W is the external work
done
A. U depends only on the temperature
B. W = V. P, where V is the volume of the gas and P is the pressure
C. U = W at constant temperature
D. U = Q at constant pressure
E. None

13. The first law of thermodynamics may be written in the form of the equation, U = Q +
W. U is the increase in the internal energy of a given mass of an ideal gas which absorbs
heat energy Q and has work W done on it in the process, (FHS 2011)
A. U is necessarily zero
B. Q is necessarily zero
C. W is necessarily zero
D. U is necessarily equal to W

14. Mercury thermometers can be used to measure temperature upto

A. 1000f
B. 212cC
C. 360°C
D. 500oC

15. The temperature of a room heated by a heater is 20oC, when outside temperature is -20°C
and it is 10°C when the outside temperature is -40°C. The temperature of heater is
A. 60°C
B. 40°C
C. 80°C
D. 100oC
16. A solar panel absorbs energy at the rate of 6KW. Energy is removed by a liquid which has a
specific het capacity of 4Kj/kg/k when flowing through the panel. lf the liquid experiences
a temperature rise of 15K, the flow rate of the liquid is (FHS2009)
A. 0.1 kg/s
B. 6,0 kg/s
C. 1.6kg/s
D. 10kg/s
17. The number of joules it takes to raise the temperature of 500 g of water from 20 oC to
boiling is closest to (FHS 2010)
A. 04*105 j
B. 1.6*105 j
C. 4.0*105 j
D. 1.6*106 j

18. 1.0g of water vapor at 100oc is added to 8.0g of ice at 0oc. What is the resulting mixture?
(Take the latent heat of vaporization and of fusion of water to be respectively 540
calories/g and 80 calories/g and the specific heat of water to be 1.0 calories/g)
A. 4.0g of ice at 0oc and 4.0g of water at 0oc
B. 1.25g of ice at 0oc and 7.75g of water at 0oc
 C. 6.75g of ice at 0oc and 2.25g of water at 0oc
D. 9.0g of ice at 0oc
E. 8.0g of ice at 0oc

19. Which of the following statements about the behavior of molecules in a perfect gas is (are)
correct?
At a particular temperature (FMBS 2000)
(I) The molecules collide with each other without loss of energy.
(II) Each molecule has the same energy
(III) The molecules collide with each other in a random manner.

A. (i), (ii), and (iii)

B. (i) and (ii)
C. (i) and (iii)
D. (iii) only
E. Some other response

20. An ideal gas goes from initial state (V2 + 5l, T1 = 300k, P1 = 1.5atm.) what is the value of
V2? (FMBS 2006)
A. 6.67 L
B. 7.5 L
C. 2.5 L
D. 10 L
E. 13.34 L

21. An object is said to be a heat source when it (FMBS 2007)

A. Transmits heat
B. Temperature remains constant during heat exchange
C. Does not receive heat from external environment
D. Prevents temperature variations during heat exchange
E. Absorbs heat

22. The specific heat capacity of an ideal gas at constant pressure is greater than its specific
heat capacity at constant volume. This is because (FHS 2007, 2014)
A. External work is done when gas expands
B. Internal work is done when gas expands
C. The kinetic energy of its molecules decreases when the gas is heated at constant
pressure
D. The kinetic energy of its molecule increases when the gas volume is increased at
constant temperature.

23. Which of the following statements is true? (FMBS 2008)

A. A thermometer is a device which can measure the amount of heat lost by a body
B. A body at a higher temperature will contain more heat energy
C. Heat is the energy that is transferred solely because of temperature difference
D. A temperature change always occurs whenever heat is exchanged between a body
and its surrounding
E. Two bodies with the same mass do not exchange heat.
24. A solar panel absorbs energy at the rate of 6KW. Energy is removed by a liquid which has a
specific het capacity of 4Kj/kg/k when flowing through the panel. lf the liquid experiences
a temperature rise of 15K, the flow rate of the liquid is (FHS2009)
E. 0.1 kg/s
F. 6,0 kg/s
G. 1.6kg/s
H. 10kg/s

25. Calculate the heat needed to raise 1kg of water from 20oc to 100oc
A. 0.33*106 j
B. 1.56*106 j
C. 8.4 *103 j
D. 800j

26. The first law of thermodynamics may be expressed by the relation Q =U + W, where Q
is the quantity of heat Given to the systems of internal energy and W is the external work
done (FHS 2009)
A. U depends only on the temperature
B. W=VP, where V is the volume of the gas and P is the pressure
C. U=W at a constant temperature
D. U=Q at constant pressure

27. An ideal gas with a volume of 0.1m2 expands at a constants pressure 1.5*105 Pa to triple its
volume. The work done by the gas is (FHS 2009)
A. 3.0*104 j
B. 1.5*104 j
C. 8.0 *104 j
D. 6.4 * 104 j

28. A container of volume 1.0m3 contains 0.10kg of an ideal gas at a pressure of 100Kpa. What
is the root mean square speed of the molecule of the gas? (FHS 2009)
A. 3 *102 m/s
B. 3 *103 m/s
C. 3 *102 m/s
D. 102 m/s

29. If an ideal gas is compressed rapidly its temperature rises, which of the following help to
explain this rise in temperature? (FHS 2010)
A. Mechanical work done in the compression is turned into kinetic energy of the gas
molecules
B. The increased frequency of collision between the molecules causes heat to be
generated
C. The external work done on the system is converted to potential energy
D. Potential energy of the molecule is turned into kinetic energy as thry move closer
together.
30. The number of joules it takes to raise the temperature of 500 g of water from 20 oC to
boiling is closest to (FHS 2010)
E. 04*105 j
F. 1.6*105 j
G. 4.0*105 j
H. 1.6*106 j

31. 5 kg of water at 10oC is completely converted to ice at OoC by extracting 188000j of heat
from it. If the specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J/Kg/oC, calculate the specific latent
heat of ice. (FHS2011)
A. 84.0kj/kg
B. 168.0kj/kg
C. 334kj/kg
D. 336kj/kg

32. The first law of thermodynamics may be written in the form of the equation, U = Q +
W. U is the increase in the internal energy of a given mass of an ideal gas which absorbs
heat energy Q and has work W done on it in the process, (FHS 2011)
E. U is necessarily zero
F. Q is necessarily zero
G. W is necessarily zero
H. U is necessarily equal to W

33. The average kinetic energy of helium atom in a gas sample at 20oC is about: (FHS 2012)
A. 3.4*106 j
B. 3.4*103 j
C. 4.0*1022 j
D. 6.1*1021 j

34. A container of volume 1.0m3 contains 0.10kg of an ideal gas at a pressure of 100kPa. What
is the root mean square speed of the molecules of the gas? (FHS 2012)
A. 3 *102 m/s
B. 3 *103 m/s
C. 3 *102 m/s
D. 102 m/s

35. Regions in the thermometer that are defined or specified and clearly separated by the
stated/standard points are: (2015)
F. Fixed points
G. Temperature scales
H. The thermal point
I. The thermodynamic scale
J. None of the above

36. A gas is compressed by a force that does 20j of work on the gas. It is then allowed to cool
down when 15j of energy is conducted away. What is the internal energy change of the
gas? (2015)
A. -5j
 B. +1j0
C. +5j
D. -10j
E. +15j

37. An inexhaustible source of energy can also be called: (2015)

A. Primary source
B. Secondary source
C. Renewable source
D. Non-renewable source
E. None of the above

38. The kinetic theory of gases gives the formula PV = 1/3(NmV2) for the pressure P exerted by
a gas enclosed in a volume V. the term Nm represents (2015)
A. The mass of a mole of the gas
B. The mass of the gas present in the volume V
C. The average mass of the molecule of the gas
D. The total number of molecules present in volume V
E. None of the above

39. Two molecules of gas have speeds of 1km/s and 9km/s respectively. What is the root mean
square speed of these two molecules? (2015)
A. 2 km/s
B. 3 km/s
C. 4 km/s
D. 41 km/s
E. None of the above

40. Metals have positive temperature Coefficients of resistance. This means that (2015)
A. Their resistance increases with decrease in temperature
B. Their resistance increases with increase in temperature
C. Their resistance decreases with decrease in temperature
D. Their resistance decreases with increase in temperature
E. None of the above

41. The air temperature on a particular day is 26°C. An air bubble trapped in a tube by a thread
of liquid is able to expand freely if it is heated. At what temperature would you expect the
volume of the air bubble to double? (2017)
A. 13oc
B. 26oc
C. 52 oc
D. 78 oc
E. 25 oc

Questions 42-44:

a hollow cylinder of mass 0.5kg is heated electrically by a 12W heater in a room at 15 oc. The
cylinder temperature rises uniformly to 25oc in 5 minutes and later becomes constant at 45oc.
42. What is the rate of loss of heat to the surrounding, what is the rate of loss at 20 oc?
A. 8 w
B. 10 w
C. 12 w
D. 14 w

43. Assuming the rate of heat loss is proportional to the excess temperature over the
surrounding, what is the rate of loss at 20oc?
A. 1 w
B. 2 w
C. 2.5 w
D. 2 j/s

44. What is the specific heat capacity of the metal, taking into account the loss of heat to the
surroundings?
A. 480j/kg/k
B. 720j/kg/k
C. 0
D. 600j/kg/k

45. The process which takes place in such a way that no heat enters or leaves the system
A. Q  0
B. U = W
C. Q = U
D. Adiabatic process

46. Foran isothermal process,

A. Q = 0
B. U = W
C. Q = U
D. W = (3/2)RT

47. Which of these principles utilizes the three methods of heat transfer?
A. Greenhouse effect
B. Hall effect
C. Moving photons
D. Compton effect

48. A closed metal vessel contains water at 30°C. The vessel has a surface area of 0.5 m and a
uniform thickness of 4 mm. If the outside temperature is 15°C. What is the heat loss per
minute by conduction? (Thermal conductivity, k=400 W/mK)
A. 1,8 x 108 j
B. 4,5 x 107 j
C. 3,8 x 107 j
D. 5.1 x 108 j

49. There is a law in physics which states that “heat will not flow up a temperature hill unless
mechanical work is expended to do so.” This points:
 A. The law of entropy
B. The law of thermodynamics
C. The first law of thermodynamics
D. The second law of thermodynamics

Questions 50-54, choose:

A B C D
1 and 2 2 and 3 1 only is 3 only is
are correct are correct correct correct

50. What is the significance of the triple point of water?

1) It gives a value of 273,16 K
2) It gives the temperature of pure water and melting ice at equilibrium
3) It gives the lowest attainable temperature of a body

51. The zeroth law leads to the conclusion that

1) Temperature is a well-defined physical quantity
2) Temperature and heat are similar
3) Two bodies can be at thermal equilibrium

52. The heat energy required to convert a unit mass of a substance from solid to liquid at
constant temperature:
1) Latent heat of fusion
2) Specific latent heat of vaporization
3) Specific latent heat of fusion

53. The first law of thermodynamics states that

1) Total energy in the universe can be put in a closed system
2) An ideal gas is independent of its energy
3) The total energy in a closed system is constant
54. Heat is supplied at one end of a well lagged conductor and the other end maintained at
0oc.
1) At steady state, the rate of heat flow along the conductor is constant.
2) The temperature gradient along the conductor is constant after steady state is
reached.
3) The thermal resistance of the conductor decreases from the hot end to the cold end.

55. A heat engine is working between 260K and 300K. It takes 500 calories of heat from the
sink. Heat rejected to the source at higher temperature for this refrigerator is
A. 577 calories
B. 400 calories
C. 477 calories
D. 377 calories

56. A Carnot engine whose source is at 400k takes 200 calories of heat and rejects 150 calories
to the sink. What is the temperature of the sink?
 A. 800K
B. 400K
C. 300K
D. None

57. A heat engine rejects 600 calories to the sink at 27oc . The amount of work done will be
(temperature of source is 227oc)
A. 1680J
B. 2520J
C. None
D. 840J

58. On compression, the gat gets hotter due to

A. Increase in Kinetic energy
B. Decrease in kinetic energy
C. Increase in potential energy
D. Increase in atomic collisions

59. If there is no transfer of energy between two objects then their temperature is
A. Same
B. Different
C. Zero
D. Infinite
60. Specific heat of aluminium when 26400J of energy is supplied to 2 kg block and it’s
temperature rises from 20oC to 35oC is
A. 1000 j/kg/k
B. 70j/kg/k
C. 400j/kg/k
D. 880j/kg/k
61. All substances have minimum internal energy
A. Absolute zero
B. 0oC
C. 0oF
D. 100K

62. Supply of energy depends upon

A. Mass of material
B. The change in temperature
C. The material itself
D. All of the above

63. Average kinetic energy of gas molecules is proportional to

A. Internal energy
B. Thermodynamic temperature
C. Enthalpy
D. Condensation point
64. Celsius scale is based on properties of
A. Mercury
B. Aluminum
C. Cesium
D. Water

65. Energy required per unit mass of substance to raise temperature of that substance by 1K is
called
A. Enthalpy
B. Internal energy
C. Specific heat capacity
D. Temperature

66. Measure of the average kinetic energy of molecules is

A. Temperature
B. Energy
C. Internal energy
D. Enthalpy

67. Energy of molecules of any substance is known as

A. Kinetic energy
B. Potential energy
C. Internal energy
D. Chemical energy

68. Due to evaporation from certain surface its temperature

A. Falls
B. Increases
C. Doesn’t change
D. Becomes Zero

69. Change of liquid into gas without boiling is called

A. Vaporization
B. Sublimation
C. Boiling
D. Evaporation

70. On heating a solid as the separation of atoms increases the potential energy
A. Decreases
B. Remains constant
C. Increases
D. Becomes zero
71. Temperature cannot be lower than
A. 0oC
B. 0oF
C. 0K
D. 0oR
72. When a substance is melted its temperature doesn’t rise because
A. Energy is lost somewhere
B. Energy is used to break the bonds
C. Energy is used to make bonds
D. Energy is used to make bonds

73. In a Carnot engine the temperature of the source and the sink are 827 oC and 27oc. If the
engine and sink are 33Kj per cycle, then the heat rejected per cycle is
A. 11kj
B. 8kjThe thermal energy required to change the state of 1kg
C. 24kj
D. 10kj

74. Which statement below gives the correct definition for the internal energy of a gas?
A. The thermal energy required to raise the temperature of 1kg of the substance by 1K
B. The sum of the randomly distributed KE and PE in a body
C. The thermal energy required toc change the state of 1kg of mass of a substance
without any change in temperature
D. The thermal energy required to convert 1 kg of solid into liquid with no change in
temperature.